Fertilizer for Chinese herbaceous peony planting and planting method for improving comprehensive economic value of Chinese herbaceous peony

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer for Chinese herbaceous peony planting and a planting method for improving the comprehensive economic value of Chinese herbaceous peony, and relates to the technical field of biology. The fertilizer comprises a microbial composition for preventing and treating the leaf mold of the Chinese herbaceous peony, and the microbial composition comprises bacillus spinizenii and chaetomium globosum. The microbial composition comprises bacillus spinizenii and chaetomium globosum. The planting method comprises the step of planting soybeans in the planting process of the Chinese herbaceous peony. The planting process of the Chinese herbaceous peony also comprises a step of applying the fertilizer to the Chinese herbaceous peony. The fertilizer can significantly promote the growth of radix paeoniae alba and reduce the occurrence rate of leaf mold, and the planting method can achieve efficient utilization of land resources and improve the comprehensive economic value of agricultural planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biotechnology, in particular to a fertilizer for planting peony and a planting method for improving the comprehensive economic value of peony. Background Art

[0002] As an important ornamental plant and traditional Chinese medicine, peony (Paeonia lactiflora) faces a variety of diseases during its cultivation, with leaf mold being a particularly prominent problem. Paeonia leaf mold is caused by Cladosporium paeoniae Passerini and primarily affects the leaves, but also the petioles, stems, sepals, and fruit. Chlorotic spots with slightly raised needle-like tips first appear on the lower leaves. These enlarge to become semicircular, nearly circular, elliptical, or irregular, 5-24 mm in size, purple-brown or yellow-brown, with light brown concentric whorls and dark purple margins. The spots on the underside of the leaves are yellow-brown or light brown. High humidity results in a dark green, velvety mold covering both the front and back of the leaves, but more prevalent on the underside. Spots on the leaf margins can cause the leaves to twist. Later, when the spots coalesce, the leaves shrink, turn brown, and become brittle and easily broken. In severe cases, the lower and middle leaves of the plant begin to scorch and wither in late summer, resembling a burn. Lesions on leaf stems and young stems initially appear as small, dark green spots, which expand into elongated, reddish-brown or purple-brown, slightly raised strips 3-5 mm long. These spots then become concave and crack in the middle, often causing the stems and leaves to collapse at this point. Lesions on petals and leaves turn purple-red, with scorched edges in severe cases.

[0003] Currently, the prevention and control of peony leaf mold mainly relies on chemical pesticides. However, the long-term use of chemical pesticides not only easily leads to environmental pollution, but also causes pathogens to develop drug resistance, thereby affecting the prevention and control effect.

[0004] Furthermore, peony is not suitable for continuous cropping, and usually requires a 2-3 year interval before replanting on the same land, which further limits the planting area and yield. How to achieve higher economic benefits within the limited land resources and planting period has become a key technical problem that researchers urgently need to solve.

[0005] In addition to disease control issues, the decline in soil fertility and increased risk of disease transmission under traditional monoculture cropping models also hinder the development of the peony industry. While there are currently some fertilizer products specifically for peonies on the market, these fertilizers are mostly aimed at increasing yields and lack systematic consideration of disease control and overall economic value enhancement. At the same time, intercropping, as a sustainable planting model, has been proven to effectively improve soil structure and reduce disease incidence, but research on its application in peony cultivation is still in its early stages and has yet to form a mature technical system. Therefore, developing a solution that can both reduce the incidence of peony diseases and increase their overall economic value is of great significance to promoting the healthy development of the peony industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a fertilizer for peony cultivation and a planting method for improving the comprehensive economic value of peony, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The fertilizer can significantly promote the growth of white peony and reduce the incidence of leaf mold. The planting method can achieve efficient utilization of land resources and improve the comprehensive economic value of agricultural planting.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The invention provides a microbial combination for preventing and treating peony leaf mold, which comprises Bacillus spizizenii and Chaetomium globosum.

[0009] Furthermore, the Bacillus stewartii is Bacillus stewartii ATCC 6633; the Chaetomium globosum is Chaetomium globosum ATCC 6205.

[0010] The present invention also provides application of the above-mentioned microbial combination in preventing and treating peony leaf mold.

[0011] The present invention also provides application of the microbial combination in preparing fertilizer for peony planting.

[0012] The present invention also provides a fertilizer for planting peony, wherein the active ingredient includes the above-mentioned microbial combination.

[0013] The present invention also provides application of the above fertilizer in peony planting.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned fertilizer, comprising the steps of uniformly mixing a suspension of Bacillus stutzeri and a suspension of Chaetomium globosum to obtain the above-mentioned composite microbial agent;

[0015] The Bacillus stutzeri bacterial suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing Bacillus stutzeri, isolating the bacterial cells, and then resuspending them in sterile physiological saline.

[0016] The Chaetomium globosum suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing the Chaetomium globosum, separating spores, and then resuspending the spores in sterile physiological saline.

[0017] The present invention also provides a planting method for improving the comprehensive economic value of peony, comprising the steps of interplanting soybeans during the planting process of peony;

[0018] The planting process of the peony also includes the step of applying the above-mentioned fertilizer to the peony.

[0019] Furthermore, the planting method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0020] Plant the peony in September of the first year, and after watering, fertilizing and field management, harvest it in September of the fifth year to obtain the peony roots;

[0021] In May and July of each year, the above fertilizers were sprayed on the leaves of the peony respectively;

[0022] Soybeans are planted in April of the second and third years and harvested in September of the same year.

[0023] Furthermore, the hole-digging planting method is adopted for planting peonies, and the spot-seeding method is adopted for intercropping soybeans.

[0024] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0025] The present invention has developed a biofertilizer containing Bacillus stutzeri and Chaetomium globosum, which can significantly promote the growth of white peony and reduce the incidence of leaf mold. Experimental verification shows that compared with the control group without the biofertilizer, the incidence of leaf mold in white peony in the treated group decreased by 79-87%, while the yield increased by 24-33%, showing a significant yield-increasing effect. In addition, the application of the biofertilizer not only effectively prevents and controls diseases, but also optimizes the growth conditions of white peony, providing a guarantee for high yield.

[0026] To further improve the comprehensive economic value of agricultural planting, the present invention proposes intercropping soybeans in the first two years of white peony planting, achieving efficient utilization of land resources. Experimental data show that intercropping soybeans can obtain an additional economic benefit of more than 1,200 yuan per mu of land in the first two years, and the growth of soybeans has no negative impact on the early development of white peony. On the contrary, under the intercropping model, the root system of white peony is more developed and the leaf photosynthesis efficiency is higher, which lays the foundation for high yield in the later stage and shows good comprehensive benefits and application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0029] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of the invention. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only.

[0031] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The strains and culture media used in the following examples are as follows:

[0034] The pathogenic fungus Cladosporium paeoniae Passerini was provided by Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Innovation Center of China Agricultural Science and Technology).

[0035] Bacillus spizizenii ATCC 6633 was purchased from China Industrial Culture Collection Center (CICC) with the product number 0486K; Chaetomium globosum ATCC 6205 was purchased from China Industrial Culture Collection Center with the product number 01094K.

[0036] LB liquid medium: 10 g / L tryptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 5 g / L NaCl, pH 7.0 ± 0.2.

[0037] LB solid medium: 10 g / L tryptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, 5 g / L NaCl, and 15 g / L agar, pH 7.0 ± 0.2.

[0038] PDA liquid culture medium: potato 200 g / L, sucrose 20 g / L, natural pH.

[0039] PDA solid medium: potato 200 g / L, sucrose 20 g / L, agar 20 g / L, natural pH.

[0040] The fermentation culture method of Bacillus stutzeri is as follows:

[0041] (1) Bacillus stutzeri was inoculated into LB liquid culture medium and cultured at 37°C with shaking at 160 rpm for 16 h to obtain a Bacillus stutzeri culture solution;

[0042] (2) streaking the Bacillus stutzeri culture obtained in step (1) onto an LB solid culture medium plate and culturing in a 37°C incubator for 48 hours;

[0043] (3) Pick a single colony from the plate in step (2) and inoculate it into a shake flask loaded with LB liquid culture medium, and culture it at 37°C and 180 rpm for 48 hours to obtain Bacillus stutzeri fermentation liquid.

[0044] The fermentation culture method of Chaetomium globosum is as follows:

[0045] (1) Pick a Chaetomium globosum bacterial mass and inoculate it into PDA liquid culture medium, shake and culture it at 30°C and 160 rpm for 72 h to obtain a culture medium;

[0046] (2) diluting the culture solution obtained in step (1) and applying it to a PDA agar solid medium, and culturing it in a 30°C incubator for 5 days;

[0047] (3) Pick a single colony from the plate in step (2) and inoculate it into a shake flask loaded with PDA liquid culture medium, and culture it at 30° C. and 200 r / min for 72 h to obtain a fermentation broth of Chaetomium globosum.

[0048] Example 1 Detection of strain affinity

[0049] A 5mm diameter borer was used to remove a mycelial block from the edge of a 2-day-old Chaetomium colony and place it in the center of a PDA plate. Subsequently, activated Bacillus Steinbergensis was inoculated at a location approximately 20mm from the center of the mycelial block. Chaetomium globosum that was not inoculated with Bacillus Steinbergensis was set up as a control group, and three replicates were set up for each strain. The cells were co-cultured at 30°C for 5 days, and the formation of an inhibition zone between the strains was observed and recorded. The experimental results showed that no obvious inhibition zone appeared between Bacillus Steinbergensis and Chaetomium globosum, indicating that the two had good symbiotic affinity.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] The mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the half effective concentration (EC50) of Bacillus stutzeri and Chaetomium globosum to inhibit Cladosporium peonyii. 50 ), as follows:

[0052] After the strain to be tested was fermented and cultured, the bacterial cells (spores of Chaetomium globosum) were isolated and resuspended in sterile saline to a concentration of 10 and 10 2 , 10 3 , 10 4 , 10 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 CFU / mL of bacterial suspension was prepared. 1 mL of bacterial suspension was then added to each 20 mL of PDA solid medium to prepare PDA plates containing different concentrations of bacterial suspension. A control treatment consisted of adding 1 mL of sterile saline to the PDA plates. Each treatment was replicated three times.

[0053] Take a 7-day culture of Cladosporium peonyii pathogens and use a 5mm diameter punch to punch a bacterial cake at the edge of the colony. This cake is inoculated onto the center of a PDA plate containing different concentrations of bacterial suspension and placed in an inverted incubator at 30°C for 7 days. The diameter of the colony growth for each treatment is measured using the cross-hatch method. Based on the measurement results, the inhibition rate of each treatment on the pathogen is calculated, and the EC is calculated. 50 value.

[0054] First, the strain to be tested was fermented and cultured, and the bacteria were isolated (the spores of Chaetomium globosum were obtained). Then, the obtained bacteria were prepared into bacterial suspensions of different concentrations using sterile saline, which were 10, 10 2 , 10 3 , 10 4 , 10 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 CFU / mL.

[0055] Next, 1 mL of the corresponding bacterial suspension was added to each petri dish containing 20 mL of PDA solid medium to prepare PDA plates containing different concentrations of bacterial suspension. For the control group, 1 mL of sterile saline was added to the PDA plates. Each treatment was replicated three times.

[0056] Subsequently, a 7-day-old colony of Cladosporium peonyii was cultured and a 5 mm diameter punch was used to cut a bacterial cake from the edge of the colony. This cake was inoculated onto the center of a PDA plate containing different concentrations of bacterial suspension and incubated upside down in a 30°C constant temperature incubator for 7 days. After the incubation period, the growth diameter of the colony under each treatment was measured using the cross-hatch method. Based on the measurement results, the inhibition rate of each treatment on the pathogen was calculated, and the EC was then calculated. 50 value.

[0057] Inhibition rate = [(colony diameter of control group - diameter of bacterial cake) - (colony diameter of treatment group - diameter of bacterial cake)] / (colony diameter of control group - diameter of bacterial cake) × 100%.

[0058] The results showed that both Bacillus stutzeri and Chaetomium globosum had a certain inhibitory effect on Cladosporium peonyii. 50 2.7×10 6 CFU / mL, EC of Chaetomium globosum 50 5.3×10 5 CFU / mL.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] EC of Bacillus stutzeri and Chaetomium globosum was selected 50 PDA plates with different bacterial suspension ratios were prepared. Ten composite culture media were prepared using volume ratios of 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10. A control treatment consisted of adding 1 mL of sterile saline to the PDA plate. Three replicates were set for each treatment. The inoculation method for Cladosporium peonyii and subsequent plate culture were the same as in Example 2.

[0061] After 7 days of inverted culture in a 30°C constant temperature incubator, the diameter of the colonies in each treatment was measured using the cross-hatch method. Based on the measurement results, the actual and theoretical inhibition rates of each treatment were calculated.

[0062] Calculation method of joint toxicity synergy:

[0063] The Horsfall method was used to calculate the combined virulence synergy, and the synergistic effect of the mixed bacteria in different proportions was determined according to the synergistic ratio (IR): synergistic effect: IR value > 1.2; additive effect: 0.8≤IR value≤1.2; antagonistic effect: IR value < 0.8.

[0064] IR = actual inhibition rate / theoretical inhibition rate;

[0065] Theoretical inhibition rate = strain AEC 50 The actual inhibition rate when the concentration is used alone × the percentage of strain A in the mixture + the EC of strain B 50 The actual inhibition rate when the concentration is used alone × the percentage of strain B in the mixture.

[0066] The results of the combined toxicity test of each treatment group against Cladosporium peonyii are shown in Table 1. The results showed that when the volume ratio of Bacillus stutzeri to Chaetomium globosum suspension ranged from 1:1 to 9, varying degrees of synergy were observed. The 4:6 treatment group exhibited the best synergy, with a synergistic ratio of 1.55 and an actual inhibition rate of 78.48%. The 3:7 treatment group was second, with a synergistic ratio of 1.36 and an actual inhibition rate of 68.75%. These two treatment groups with the best synergistic effects were subsequently selected for potted plant control trials.

[0067] Table 1 The results of the combined toxicity test of each treatment group to Cladosporium peonyii

[0068]

[0069] Example 4

[0070] Healthy potted peony plants (25-30 cm tall) were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups. The foliage was sprayed according to the following groups and moisturized for 12 hours:

[0071] Blank control group: sprayed with sterile saline, 4 mL per plant.

[0072] Negative control group: spray sterile saline first, 4 mL per plant; 1 hour later, spray 10 6 Spray 4 mL of a spore suspension of Cladosporium peonyii at a concentration of CFU / mL per plant.

[0073] Treatment group 1: sprayed with a concentration of 2.7×10 6 CFU / mL of Bacillus stutzeri suspension, spray 4mL per strain; 1 hour later, spray again with a concentration of 10 6 Spray 4 mL of a spore suspension of Cladosporium peonyii at a concentration of CFU / mL per plant.

[0074] Treatment group 2: sprayed with a concentration of 5.3×10 5 CFU / mL suspension of Chaetomium globosum was sprayed on each plant at 4 mL; after 1 hour, the suspension was sprayed with a concentration of 10 6 Spray 4 mL of a spore suspension of Cladosporium peonyii at a concentration of CFU / mL per plant.

[0075] Treatment group 3: First, spray the mixed bacterial suspension of the treatment group prepared in Example 3 at a ratio of 4:6, 4 mL per plant; 1 hour later, spray the suspension at a concentration of 10 6 Spray 4 mL of a spore suspension of Cladosporium peonyii at a concentration of CFU / mL per plant.

[0076] Treatment group 4: First spray the mixed bacterial suspension of the treatment group prepared in Example 3 at a ratio of 3:7, 4 mL per plant; 1 hour later, spray the suspension at a concentration of 10 6Spray 4 mL of a spore suspension of Cladosporium peonyii at a concentration of CFU / mL per plant.

[0077] After 30 days, the disease status of each group was observed. The disease index of each group of potted peonies was calculated, and the prevention effect was calculated using the formula:

[0078] Preventive effect (%) = (disease index of negative control group - disease index of treatment group) / disease index of negative control group × 100%.

[0079] The lesion grade of leaf mold of peony was assessed according to the grading standards shown in Table 2, and the disease index was calculated:

[0080]

[0081] Table 2 Grading standards for leaf spots of peony leaf mold

[0082] Disease level standard 0 Healthy leaves without spots 1 Less than 1 / 4 of the leaves of the whole plant are infected, and the number of lesions on compound leaves is ≤ 5 spots 2 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the leaves of the whole plant are affected, and the number of lesions on compound leaves is 6 to 10, which are not connected into patches 3 1 / 2 to 3 / 4 of the leaves of the whole plant are affected, and the number of lesions on compound leaves is 11 to 20 small spots, and the lesions on a small number of leaves are connected into patches 4 More than 3 / 4 of the leaves of the whole plant are infected, and the number of lesions on compound leaves is ≥20, and most of the lesions on the leaves are connected into pieces

[0083] The control efficacy statistics of each treatment group are shown in Table 3. The results show that the combination of Bacillus stewartii and Chaetomium globosum can effectively control peony leaf mold, with a control efficacy of more than 70%.

[0084] Table 3 Statistical results of the control effect of each treatment group

[0085] Group Prevention effect (%) Blank control group / Negative control group / Group A 49.24 Group B 55.38 Group C 75.69 Group D 71.28

[0086] Example 5

[0087] 1. Test Materials

[0088] Peony varieties: Choose white peony with 2 to 3 buds;

[0089] Test site: Choose a sunny place with high terrain and good drainage.

[0090] 2. Test methods

[0091] (1)Cultivation

[0092] In mid-September 2020, the peonies were properly root-pruned, diseased and broken roots removed, and then planted using the digging method, with row spacing of 60 cm and plant spacing of 40 cm. When planting, the rooted peony heads were aligned and covered with soil to cover the buds, ensuring that the buds were facing upward and the roots were extended. The soil was then filled and compacted to the level of the original planting mark at the junction of the rhizome and watered thoroughly.

[0093] In April 2021 and April 2022, soybeans were interplanted between every two rows of peonies using the spot sowing method, with a plant spacing of 20 cm.

[0094] (2) Water, fertilizer and field management

[0095] Fertilization management: Apply compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 15-15-15) 20kg / m 2 and decomposed pig and cattle manure 2kg / m 2 During flowering period, apply compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 15-15-15) 15kg / m 2 and urea 10kg / m 2 In May and July of each year, the leaves of peony were sprayed with biological fertilizer at a rate of 70mL / m 2 , wherein the biological fertilizer is the mixed bacterial suspension of the treatment group prepared in a 4:6 ratio in Example 3.

[0096] Irrigation and pest and disease control and other management are carried out in accordance with conventional peony cultivation and management methods.

[0097] (3) Harvest

[0098] The soybeans will be harvested in September 2021 and September 2022. The peony will be harvested in mid-September 2024. During the harvest, all roots except the buds will be cut off and used as medicinal materials.

[0099] Example 6

[0100] 1. Test Materials

[0101] Peony varieties: Choose white peony with 2 to 3 buds;

[0102] Test site: Choose a sunny place with high terrain and good drainage.

[0103] 2. Test methods

[0104] (1)Cultivation

[0105] In mid-September 2020, the peonies were properly root-pruned, diseased and broken roots removed, and then planted using the digging method, with row spacing of 60 cm and plant spacing of 40 cm. When planting, the rooted peony heads were aligned and covered with soil to cover the buds, ensuring that the buds were facing upward and the roots were extended. The soil was then filled and compacted to the level of the original planting mark at the junction of the rhizome and watered thoroughly.

[0106] In April 2021 and April 2022, soybeans were interplanted between every two rows of peonies using the spot sowing method, with a plant spacing of 20 cm.

[0107] (2) Water, fertilizer and field management

[0108] Fertilization management: Apply compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 15-15-15) 20kg / m 2 and decomposed pig and cattle manure 2kg / m 2 During flowering period, apply compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 15-15-15) 15kg / m 2and urea 10kg / m 2 In May and July of each year, the leaves of peony were sprayed with biological fertilizer at a rate of 70mL / m 2 , wherein the biological fertilizer is the mixed bacterial suspension of the treatment group prepared in a 3:7 ratio in Example 3.

[0109] Irrigation and pest and disease control and other management are carried out in accordance with conventional peony cultivation and management methods.

[0110] (3) Harvest

[0111] The soybeans will be harvested in September 2021 and September 2022. The peony will be harvested in mid-September 2024. During the harvest, all roots except the buds will be cut off and used as medicinal materials.

[0112] Comparative Example 1

[0113] 1. Test Materials

[0114] Peony varieties: Choose white peony with 2 to 3 buds;

[0115] Test site: Choose a sunny place with high terrain and good drainage.

[0116] 2. Test methods

[0117] (1)Cultivation

[0118] In mid-September 2020, the peonies were properly root-pruned, diseased and broken roots removed, and then planted using the digging method, with row spacing of 60 cm and plant spacing of 40 cm. When planting, the rooted peony heads were aligned and covered with soil to cover the buds, ensuring that the buds were facing upward and the roots were extended. The soil was then filled and compacted to the level of the original planting mark at the junction of the rhizome and watered thoroughly.

[0119] In April 2021 and April 2022, soybeans were interplanted between every two rows of peonies using the spot sowing method, with a plant spacing of 20 cm.

[0120] (2) Water, fertilizer and field management

[0121] Fertilization management: Apply compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 15-15-15) 20kg / m 2 and decomposed pig and cattle manure 2kg / m 2 During flowering period, apply compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 15-15-15) 15kg / m 2 and urea 10kg / m 2 .

[0122] Irrigation and pest and disease control and other management are carried out in accordance with conventional peony cultivation and management methods.

[0123] (3) Harvest

[0124] The soybeans will be harvested in September 2021 and September 2022. The peony will be harvested in mid-September 2024. During the harvest, all roots except the buds will be cut off and used as medicinal materials.

[0125] Comparative Example 2

[0126] 1. Test Materials

[0127] Peony varieties: Choose white peony with 2 to 3 buds;

[0128] Test site: Choose a sunny place with high terrain and good drainage.

[0129] 2. Test methods

[0130] (1)Cultivation

[0131] In mid-September 2020, the peonies were properly root-pruned, diseased and broken roots removed, and then planted using the digging method, with row spacing of 60 cm and plant spacing of 40 cm. When planting, the rooted peony heads were aligned and covered with soil to cover the buds, ensuring that the buds were facing upward and the roots were extended. The soil was then filled and compacted to the level of the original planting mark at the junction of the rhizome and watered thoroughly.

[0132] (2) Water, fertilizer and field management

[0133] Fertilization management: Apply compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 15-15-15) 20kg / m 2 and decomposed pig and cattle manure 2kg / m 2 During flowering period, apply compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 15-15-15) 15kg / m 2 and urea 10kg / m 2 In May and July of each year, the leaves of peony were sprayed with biological fertilizer at a rate of 70mL / m 2 , wherein the biological fertilizer is the mixed bacterial suspension of the treatment group prepared in a 4:6 ratio in Example 3.

[0134] Irrigation and pest and disease control and other management are carried out in accordance with conventional peony cultivation and management methods.

[0135] (3) Harvest

[0136] The harvesting time of peony is mid-September 2024. When harvesting, all the roots are dug out. Except for the buds, the rest of the roots are cut off and used as medicinal materials.

[0137] The survival rate, leaf mold incidence rate and yield of peony root of embodiment 5-6 and comparative example 1-2 are statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 4. The experimental results show that the application of biological fertilizer containing Bacillus sternii and Chaetomium globosum has a significant promoting effect on the growth of white peony root and effectively reduces the incidence rate of leaf mold. Specifically, in the experimental field, compared with the control group without applying biological fertilizer, the leaf mold incidence rate of white peony root in the treatment group applying the biological fertilizer was reduced by 79-87% (P<0.05). At the same time, the yield of white peony root has also been significantly improved, with an average increase of 24-33% per mu (P<0.05). In addition, the present invention intercrops soybeans in the first two years of planting white peony root, further improving the economic value of agricultural planting. Experimental data show that by rationally intercropping soybeans, an additional economic benefit of more than 1,200 yuan can be obtained per mu of land in the first two years, and the growth of soybeans does not have a negative impact on the early development of white peony root. On the contrary, the root system of white peony root under the intercropping mode is more developed, and the photosynthesis efficiency of leaves is improved, laying the foundation for high yield in the later period.

[0138] Table 4 Statistical results of peony survival rate, leaf mold incidence and yield

[0139]

[0140] Note: Soybeans are calculated at a unit price of 4 yuan / kg; white peony root is calculated at a dry price of 3:1, and the unit price of dry white peony root is calculated at 25 yuan / kg.

[0141] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microbial combination for preventing and treating peony leaf mold, characterized in that: These include Bacillus spizizenii and Chaetomium globosum.

2. The microbial combination according to claim 1, characterized in that The Bacillus stewartii is Bacillus stewartii ATCC 6633; the Chaetomium globosum is Chaetomium globosum ATCC 6205.

3. Use of the microbial combination according to claim 1 or 2 in preventing and treating peony leaf mold.

4. Use of the microbial combination according to claim 1 or 2 in preparing a fertilizer for peony cultivation.

5. A fertilizer for peony planting, characterized in that: The active ingredient comprises the microbial combination according to claim 1 or 2.

6. Use of the fertilizer according to claim 5 in peony planting.

7. A method for preparing the fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing a suspension of Bacillus stutzeri and a suspension of Chaetomium globosum to obtain the microbial composite agent; The Bacillus stutzeri bacterial suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing Bacillus stutzeri, isolating the bacterial cells, and then resuspending them in sterile physiological saline. The Chaetomium globosum suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing the Chaetomium globosum, separating spores, and then resuspending the spores in sterile physiological saline.

8. A planting method for improving the comprehensive economic value of peony, characterized in that: Including the steps of interplanting soybeans during the planting of peonies; The planting process of the peony also includes the step of applying the fertilizer according to claim 5 to the peony.

9. The planting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The planting method specifically comprises the following steps: Plant the peony in September of the first year, and after watering, fertilizing and field management, harvest it in September of the fifth year to obtain the peony roots; In May and July of each year, the fertilizer according to claim 5 is respectively used to spray the leaves of the peony; Soybeans are planted in April of the second and third years and harvested in September of the same year.

10. The planting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Peonies are planted using the hole-digging method; soybeans are intercropped using the spot-seeding method.

Images