Flame tornado device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of scientific exhibits, in particular to a flame tornado device. The device comprises an annular combustion cell for storing fuel and a plasma wind module arranged on the periphery of the annular combustion cell and used for generating tornado. A material sprayer is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the annular combustion cell, the material sprayer comprises at least two nozzles which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the axis of the material sprayer, the nozzles are higher than the top of the annular combustion cell, the spraying directions of the nozzles are distributed in the radial direction of the annular combustion cell, and each nozzle is independently controlled and is used for spraying flame reaction media with the same or different flame reaction colors. The device is reasonable in structure and diversified in display effect, so that public science interests can be effectively stimulated, and the effect of enlightening science is finally achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of scientific exhibits, in particular to a flame tornado device. Background Art

[0002] Science and technology exhibits bear the responsibility of spreading theoretical knowledge and new technologies to the society, and the innovation of exhibits is also keeping pace with the construction of science and technology museums.

[0003] Tornadoes entrained with flames to form flame tornadoes are one of the complex natural disasters in nature. In order to prevent this natural disaster, there are also devices in the prior art for testing and studying flame tornadoes. For example, the Chinese patent publication number CN119063961B is titled "A Vertical Cylindrical Tornado Testing Device". Two wind-guiding surfaces are used to enclose a tornado-forming area that is approximately cylindrical or approximately conical. Two blowing components are respectively arranged away from the tornado-forming area. The wind-guiding surfaces guide the airflow blown by the blowing components to generate a tornado in the tornado-forming area; and the flame generating component is used to spray flames to form a flame tornado.

[0004] For example, the flame tornado test device recorded in the cited patent can also form flame tornadoes, but due to the characteristics of its experimental research, it mainly focuses on adjusting the working conditions of different flame tornadoes and collecting data on flame tornadoes; when directly used in scientific exhibitions, the demonstration effect is single, the public's desire to explore it is relatively low, and the effect of stimulating the public's scientific interest and enlightening science is average, so it needs to be urgently addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a flame tornado device with a reasonable structure and diversified display effects, which can effectively stimulate the public's interest in science and ultimately achieve the effect of enlightening science.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A flame tornado device comprises an annular combustion pool for storing fuel and a plasma wind module arranged on the periphery of the annular combustion pool for generating a tornado; an injector is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the annular combustion pool, and the injector comprises at least two nozzles uniformly distributed circumferentially around its axis, and the nozzles are higher than the top of the annular combustion pool, and the injection direction of the nozzles is distributed radially along the annular combustion pool, and each nozzle is independently controlled and is used to inject flame reaction media with the same or different flame reaction colors.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: at least two nozzles uniformly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the sprayer constitute a spray unit, and the spray units are provided in at least two groups spaced apart in the vertical direction.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the interval between adjacent injection units is S;

[0010] S=3.4*t*(0.7*m″*ΔH c *A / ρ air *C p *T amb ) 1 / 3 *(β*H whirl ) -(1 / 3)

[0011] Where:

[0012] S is the vertical spacing between adjacent injection units, in m;

[0013] t is the burning time, unit is s;

[0014] m″ is the burning rate per unit area, unit is kg / m 2 s;

[0015] ΔH c Heat of combustion of fuel, in J / kg;

[0016] A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular combustion pool wall, in m 2 ;

[0017] H whirl is the height of the fire tornado, in meters;

[0018] β is the dimensionless fire tornado height enhancement factor, which is 3;

[0019] ρ air is the air density, unit is kg / m 3 ;

[0020] C p is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, unit: J / (kg·K);

[0021] T amb is the ambient temperature, in K.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the number of the injection units is n; n is H whirl The value of / s+1 is rounded down.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: a special effect light group is arranged on the upper side of the annular combustion pool, and the illumination direction of the special effect light group points to directly above the annular combustion pool. The special effect light group includes at least two hollow cathode lamps, and the element types of the hollow cathode lamps are set to several types that match the flame color reaction medium types one by one.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: it also includes an isolation enclosure, the annular combustion pool and the plasma wind module are arranged on the inner side of the isolation enclosure, and the special effect light group is fixed on the isolation enclosure.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention: the plasma wind module includes at least four plasma fans uniformly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the annular combustion pool, and the air outlet directions of all plasma fans are clockwise or counterclockwise pointing to adjacent plasma fans.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. Based on the above-mentioned traditional conventional flame tornado, the present application coaxially arranges a sprayer directly above the annular combustion pool. When the flame tornado is formed, the nozzle of the sprayer sprays out a flame color reaction medium, and the flame tornado and the flame color reaction medium produce a flame color reaction to change the color of the flame tornado, presenting a flame tornado demonstration of different colors.

[0028] In addition, since the nozzles are arranged to be at least two evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the sprayer, each nozzle is independently controlled and used to spray flame reaction media with the same or different flame reaction colors. When the flame reaction media sprayed by each nozzle are different, different independently working nozzles are used to alternately spray different flame reaction media, thereby forming a flame tornado with alternating flame colors; in addition, by spraying different flame reaction media around the circumference of the flame tornado through multiple nozzles, a colorful and gorgeous effect will be produced on the periphery of the flame tornado. In this application, the rational arrangement of the structure realizes the diversification of the display effects, thereby effectively stimulating the public's interest in science and ultimately achieving the effect of enlightening science.

[0029] 2. At least two nozzles evenly spaced circumferentially around the axis of the sprayer constitute a single spray unit. These spray units are arranged in at least two groups spaced vertically apart. In actual implementation, different spray units spray different flame-color reaction media, with each spray unit spraying a different flame-color reaction medium each time. This creates continuously changing color blocks at different heights within the flame tornado. Multiple simultaneously appearing color blocks can be combined to form a variety of patterns. This utilizes the flame-color reaction phenomenon to create even more striking, colorful fire tornadoes, further stimulating public interest in science and achieving the goal of scientific enlightenment.

[0030] 3. This application quickly and precisely designs the number of jet units and the vertical spacing between adjacent jet units, so that the flame tornado covers the top jet units, and there is no waste of jet units. When the flame color reaction medium sprayed by the jet units is the same, the overall flame color can remain consistent; when the flame color reaction medium sprayed by the jet units is different, the flame color layers formed by the two layers of jet units are closely connected and almost do not overlap. This reduces the process of adjusting the number of jet units and the vertical spacing between adjacent jet units during the later installation process, effectively improving the production efficiency of the flame tornado device.

[0031] 4. A hollow cathode lamp is provided, and the element types of the hollow cathode lamp are set to several types that match the flame color reaction medium types. When the flame color reaction medium that produces the flame color reaction in the flame tornado is lithium, the hollow cathode lamp containing lithium is turned on. In this way, the ground state lithium atoms in the flame will absorb the light emitted by the lithium hollow cathode lamp, thereby making the flame tornado produce a black effect, further enhancing the diversity of the flame tornado's demonstration effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram with flame schematic in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure inside the barrier enclosure in the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 10, annular combustion pool; 20, plasma wind module; 30, sprayer; 31, nozzle; 40, isolation fence; 50, special effect light group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] For ease of understanding, the specific structure and working mode of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0038] The specific structure of the present invention refers to Figure 1-3 As shown, its main structure includes an annular combustion pool 10 for storing fuel and a plasma wind module 20 arranged on the periphery of the annular combustion pool 10 for generating a tornado.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the plasma wind module 20 comprises at least four plasma blowers evenly distributed around the axis of the annular combustion pool 10. All plasma blowers direct their airflow clockwise or counterclockwise toward adjacent plasma blowers. When activated, all plasma blowers generate wind energy in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, creating a tornado around the annular combustion pool 10. This plasma wind module 20 provides annular wind energy for tornado generation. In actual implementation, a tornado can also be generated by directing wind energy through guide baffles, as described in the cited background patents.

[0040] During operation, by adding fuel into the annular combustion pool 10, specifically, the fuel is preferably methanol, and after the fuel is ignited, a flame will be generated in the annular combustion pool 10. At this time, the plasma wind module 20 generates an annular tornado, causing the flame in the annular combustion pool 10 to rise to form a flame tornado.

[0041] On the basis of the above, if Figure 1-3 As shown, an injector 30 is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the annular combustion pool 10. The injector 30 includes at least two nozzles 31 uniformly distributed circumferentially around its axis, and the nozzles 31 are higher than the top of the annular combustion pool 10. The injection direction of the nozzles 31 is distributed radially along the annular combustion pool 10. Each nozzle 31 is independently controlled and is used to inject flame reaction media with the same or different flame reaction colors.

[0042] Based on the above-mentioned formation of a conventional flame tornado, the present application coaxially arranges a sprayer 30 directly above the annular combustion pool 10. When the flame tornado is formed, the nozzle 31 of the sprayer 30 sprays a flame reaction medium, and the flame tornado and the flame reaction medium produce a flame reaction to change the color of the flame tornado, presenting a flame tornado demonstration of different colors. Specifically, according to the flame color of the flame tornado to be presented, different flame reaction media are selected, such as potassium is selected as the flame reaction medium to produce a yellow-green flame tornado, and manganese is selected as the flame reaction medium to produce a light purple flame tornado. Furthermore, the nozzles 31 are set to at least two evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the sprayer 30, each nozzle 31 is independently controlled, and is used to spray flame reaction media with the same or different flame reaction colors. When each nozzle 31 ejects a different flame-color reaction medium, independently operating different nozzles 31 alternately eject different flame-color reaction media, thereby forming a flame tornado with alternating flame colors. Furthermore, by ejecting different flame-color reaction media from multiple nozzles 31 around the circumference of the flame tornado, a colorful and dazzling effect is produced on the periphery of the flame tornado. The present application achieves a diverse display effect through a rational structural arrangement, thereby effectively stimulating the public's interest in science and ultimately achieving the effect of scientific enlightenment.

[0043] On the basis of the above, if Figure 1 As shown, at least two nozzles 31 uniformly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the sprayer 30 constitute a spray unit. These spray units are arranged in at least two groups spaced apart vertically. In actual implementation, different spray units spray different flame-color reaction media, with each spray unit spraying a different flame-color reaction medium each time. This creates continuously changing color blocks at different heights within the flame tornado. Multiple simultaneously appearing color blocks can also be combined to form a variety of patterns. This utilizes the flame-color reaction phenomenon to create even more striking, colorful fire tornadoes, further stimulating public interest in science and achieving scientific enlightenment.

[0044] On the basis of the above, if Figure 1 As shown, a special-effect light assembly 50 is positioned above and beside the annular combustion pool 10. The illumination direction of the special-effect light assembly 50 points directly above the annular combustion pool 10. The special-effect light assembly 50 includes at least two hollow cathode lamps, and the element types of the hollow cathode lamps are set to match the flame reaction medium type. For example, if the flame reaction medium includes lithium, a corresponding hollow cathode lamp containing lithium is provided.

[0045] Because the flame reaction medium burning in a flame contains excited-state atoms and ground-state atoms, the excited-state atoms produce light of a specific color, while the ground-state atoms absorb photons emitted by a hollow cathode lamp (HCL) made of the same element as the flame reaction medium. Therefore, the flame burning in the hollow cathode lamp's lighting environment appears partially black. In a specific implementation, if the flame reaction medium in a flame tornado is lithium, turning on a lithium-containing HCL will cause the ground-state lithium atoms in the flame to absorb the light emitted by the lithium-containing HCL, resulting in a black effect on the flame tornado, further enhancing the diversity of flame tornado demonstrations.

[0046] On the basis of the above, if Figure 1 As shown, the device further includes an isolation enclosure 40, inside which the annular combustion pool 10 and the plasma wind module 20 are arranged, and a special effect light assembly 50 is fixed to the isolation enclosure 40. The arrangement of the isolation enclosure 40 limits the range of the flame tornado extending outward, ensuring safety during the demonstration, and at the same time provides a physical platform for the installation of the special effect light assembly 50.

[0047] It is worth mentioning that, preferably, the annular combustion pool 10 can adopt a thin-walled annular structure, and its inner radius is R in , the inner wall width of the annular combustion pool is d, where 0<d≤0.1R inThis ensures sufficient intensity in the annular combustion pool 10 while minimizing the distance between the flames within it and the tornado surrounding it. Furthermore, the height of the annular combustion pool 10 is less than 0.25 times the height of the plasma blower, ensuring sufficient coverage of the annular combustion pool 10 by the plasma blower output, thus creating a better flame tornado effect. Of course, in actual implementation, the internal volume can be designed based on the duration of the demonstration. Longer demonstrations require a larger volume.

[0048] On the basis of the above, in order to further enhance the effect of presenting the flame tornado, the present application also provides a calculation formula for the interval S between the injection units, and a calculation method for the number n of the injection units.

[0049] Specifically, the interval S between adjacent injection units is calculated according to the following formula:

[0050] S=3.4*t*(0.7*m″*ΔH c *A / ρ air *C p *T amb ) 1 / 3 *(β*H whirl ) -(1 / 3)

[0051] Where:

[0052] S is the vertical spacing between adjacent injection units, in m;

[0053] t is the burning time, unit is s;

[0054] m″ is the burning rate per unit area, unit is kg / m 2 s;

[0055] ΔH c Heat of combustion of fuel, in J / kg;

[0056] A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the wall of the annular combustion pool 10, in m 2 ;

[0057] H whirl is the height of the fire tornado, in meters;

[0058] β is the dimensionless fire tornado height enhancement factor, which is 3;

[0059] ρ air is the air density, unit is kg / m 3 ;

[0060] C p is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, unit: J / (kg·K);

[0061] T ambis the ambient temperature, unit K;

[0062] The number of injection units n is H whirl The value of / s+1 is rounded down.

[0063] In the above formula, the height of the fire tornado H whirl It can be obtained through actual measurement or calculated according to the following formula:

[0064] H whirl =0.23*β*(A*m″*ΔH c ) 2 / 5 -1.02d

[0065] Where:

[0066] H whirl is the height of the fire tornado, in meters;

[0067] β is the dimensionless fire tornado height enhancement factor, which is 3;

[0068] A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the wall of the annular combustion pool 10, in m 2 ;

[0069] m″ is the burning rate per unit area, unit is kg / m 2 s;

[0070] ΔH c Heat of combustion of fuel, in J / kg;

[0071] d is the width of the annular combustion pool, in m.

[0072] With respect to the calculation formula of the interval S between the above-mentioned injection units, a specific method for manufacturing a flame tornado device includes the following steps:

[0073] S1. Obtain the height H of the flame tornado generated by the flame tornado device whirl ;

[0074] S2. Get the height H of the fire tornado whirl Enter the calculation formula of the interval S to obtain the vertical interval S between adjacent injection units;

[0075] S3, the number of injection units n ranges from 1<n≤H whirl The maximum value in / s+1 is rounded down to obtain the number n of injection units.

[0076] If the number n of spray units and the vertical spacing S between adjacent spray units are not precisely designed:

[0077] When the vertical interval between adjacent injection units is small and the adjacent injection units respectively spray different flame color reaction media, the flame colors of adjacent layers may overlap in the flame, resulting in uncontrolled flame color.

[0078] When the vertical spacing between adjacent injection units is large, the flame colors of adjacent layers will be discontinuous, and it will be impossible to achieve the effect of continuous alternation of flame tornado colors (the flame color reaction media injected by adjacent injection units are different) or overall consistent flame colors (the flame color reaction media injected by adjacent injection units are the same).

[0079] When the number of jet units is too large, the height of the flame tornado cannot reach the jet unit on the top floor, which will cause design waste and affect the aesthetics.

[0080] The present application reduces the process of adjusting the number of spray units and the vertical spacing S between adjacent spray units during the later installation process by quickly and accurately designing the number of spray units and the vertical spacing S between adjacent spray units, thereby effectively improving the production efficiency of the flame tornado device.

[0081] In practice, the present application uses methanol as fuel, wherein the inner radius R of the annular combustion pool 10 is in =1m, inner wall width d = 0.1m; methanol heat release rate m″ takes the reference value of 0.0155kg / m 2 s, ΔH c =29.7×10 6 J / kg, the fire tornado height enhancement factor β takes the middle value 3, the air density ρ air =1.225kg / m 3 , C p =1005J / (kg·K), T amb =293K, the burning time t is 1s. According to the height of the flame tornado H whirl The calculation formula is used to get the height H of the fire tornado whirl The number of spray units n is 6.68m, and according to the calculation formula of the interval S, S is calculated to be 0.94m. The range of the number of spray units n is 1<n≤8.1……, and n is rounded down to 8. That is, the spray units are designed and installed in a layout with 8 spray units and a vertical interval of 0.94m between adjacent spray units. Of course, in actual implementation, if more spray units are desired, the flame height needs to be higher, so the height of the flame tornado H can be increased. whirl The four parameters β, A, m″ and ΔHc in the calculation formula are sufficient.

[0082] In actual experiments, the applicant designed and installed the jet units according to the above-mentioned layout of 8 jet units and a vertical spacing of 0.94m between adjacent jet units, forming the flame tornado device described in this application. The flame tornado was then observed under the working conditions of the above-mentioned experimental data. The observation showed that the flame tornado covered the top jet units, and there was no waste of jet units. When the flame color reaction medium sprayed by the jet units was the same, the overall flame color could remain consistent; when the flame color reaction medium sprayed by the jet units was different, the flame color layers formed by the two layers of jet units were closely connected and almost non-overlapping, thereby achieving the technical effect expected by this application.

[0083] Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also encompasses the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0084] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0085] The technology, shape, and structure not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A flame tornado device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an annular combustion pool (10) for storing fuel and a plasma wind module (20) arranged on the periphery of the annular combustion pool (10) for generating a tornado; an injector (30) is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the annular combustion pool (10), the injector (30) comprises at least two nozzles (31) uniformly distributed circumferentially around its axis, and the nozzles (31) are higher than the top of the annular combustion pool (10), the injection direction of the nozzles (31) is distributed radially along the annular combustion pool (10), each nozzle (31) is independently controlled and is used to inject flame reaction media with the same or different flame reaction colors.

2. A flame tornado device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two nozzles (31) uniformly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the sprayer (30) constitute a spray unit, and the spray units are arranged in at least two groups spaced apart in a vertical direction.

3. A flame tornado device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interval between adjacent injection units is S; S=3.4*t*(0.7*m″*ΔH c *A / ρ air *C p *T amb ) 1 / 3 *(β*H whirl ) -(1 / 3) Where: S is the vertical spacing between adjacent injection units, in m; t is the burning time, unit is s; m″ is the burning rate per unit area, unit is kg / m 2 s; ΔH c Heat of combustion of fuel, in J / kg; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the wall of the annular combustion pool (10), in m 2 ; H whirl is the height of the fire tornado, in meters; β is the dimensionless fire tornado height enhancement factor, which is 3; ρ air is the air density, unit is kg / m 3 ; C p is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, unit: J / (kg·K); T amb is the ambient temperature, in K.

4. A flame tornado device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the injection units is n; n is H whirl The value of / s+1 is rounded down.

5. A flame tornado device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A special effect light group (50) is arranged on the upper side of the annular combustion pool (10), and the irradiation direction of the special effect light group (50) points to the upper side of the annular combustion pool (10). The special effect light group (50) includes at least two hollow cathode lamps, and the element types of the hollow cathode lamps are set to be several types that match the types of flame color reaction media.

6. The flame tornado device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an isolation enclosure (40), the annular combustion pool (10) and the plasma wind module (20) are both arranged inside the isolation enclosure (40), and the special effect light group (50) is fixed on the isolation enclosure (40).

7. A flame tornado device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The plasma wind module (20) comprises at least four plasma blowers uniformly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the annular combustion pool (10), and the air outlet directions of all the plasma blowers are directed towards adjacent plasma blowers in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

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