Processing method of esterified modified radix trichosanthis traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces
By using the acetic anhydride esterification modification method to prepare Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces, the resistant starch content in Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces was increased, which solved the problem of insufficient resistant starch content in Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces in the treatment of diabetes and achieved better blood sugar regulation effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511035861.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces used in the treatment of diabetes do not contain enough resistant starch, resulting in a high glycemic index and an inability to effectively regulate sugar metabolism in the body.
The preparation method of modified Radix Trichosanthis slices is to carry out esterification reaction with ethanol mixture under alkaline conditions, control the temperature and pH value, and perform ultrasonic treatment to increase the resistant starch content, including wet heat pretreatment, alkali soaking treatment and slicing treatment to enhance the reaction effect.
The resistant starch content in Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces was increased, the glycemic index was lowered, and the therapeutic effect on diabetic patients was enhanced.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and in particular to a preparation method of esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis Chinese medicinal slices. Background Art
[0002] Radix Trichosanthis is the dried root of the plant Trichosanthes kirilowii of the Cucurbitaceae family. It is rich in chemical components such as protein, starch, lectin, polysaccharides, and saponins. It has three major functions: clearing away heat and purging fire, promoting the production of body fluids and quenching thirst, and reducing swelling and draining pus. It is mainly used to treat fever, thirst, lung heat and dry cough, internal heat and thirst, sores and swelling. Modern medicine has extended its application to lowering blood sugar, antiviral, moistening the lungs and relieving cough. In terms of Radix Trichosanthis decoction slices for the treatment of diabetes (diabetes), Traditional Chinese Medicine has a long history of treating diabetes. Radix Trichosanthis is frequently used in various treatment prescriptions. Radix Trichosanthis is one of the first choice and frequently used drugs for the treatment of diabetes.
[0003] For different clinical medication scenarios, Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces mainly include the following three processing techniques:
[0004] (1) Traditional processing: Soak the peeled Radix Trichosanthis in water until there is no hard core inside, then cut into thick slices and dry in the sun. It is suitable for routine clinical medication scenarios.
[0005] (2) Fresh-cut processing method: After harvesting, the skin is quickly peeled, washed, sliced, and cooled to avoid the "powder loss" phenomenon caused by the traditional slicing method, reduce starch loss, and retain more effective ingredients (such as trichosanthes protein and polysaccharides). It is suitable for clinical or scientific research scenarios with high requirements for ingredient retention.
[0006] (3) Vinegar preparation: Soak the peeled Radix Trichosanthis in water until it is 60% soaked to soften the medicinal material and facilitate the absorption of the vinegar liquid. Then add rice vinegar and mix well until it becomes moistened with vinegar liquid. Stir-fry it over low heat until it is dry and spread it to cool. Vinegar preparation can reduce the coldness of the medicinal material and reduce the stimulation to the spleen and stomach. At the same time, it can enhance the effect of guiding the medicine into the liver. It is suitable for use in scenarios where the medicinal properties need to be adjusted or the disease targets the liver.
[0007] Resistant starch (RS), also known as enzymatically resistant or indigestible starch, is a starch that remains undigested in the small intestine but can be fermented in the large intestine to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Resistant starch can be divided into five categories based on its source and resistance to enzymatic degradation: physically embedded starch (RS1), naturally occurring resistant starch granules (RS2), retrograded starch (RS3), chemically modified starch (RS4), and amylose-lipid complex (RS5). Esterified modified starch (RS4) involves esterification of the alcoholic hydroxyl groups in the glucose units of starch with organic acids / anhydrides / acyl chlorides to form ester bonds, which impart hydrophobicity, stability, or functionality to the starch.
[0008] Resistant starch has a low glycemic index (GI) and can be used in dietary therapy for diabetic patients. One important mechanism by which it regulates glucose metabolism is through maintaining intestinal secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), thereby lowering blood sugar. Resistant starch has also been shown to function as dietary fiber, fermented by microorganisms in the large intestine to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs play a vital role in the dietary treatment of diabetes by inhibiting fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis and regulating intestinal flora.
[0009] According to the literature (Huang Rui. Research and product development on the hypoglycemic effect of resistant starch-flavonoid complex of Radix Trichosanthis [D]. 2024.), in vitro experiments on resistant starch of Radix Trichosanthis and flavonoid complexes (such as rutin) showed that its hydrolysis rate was 40%-50% lower than that of ordinary starch, and the glycemic index (GI) was reduced from medium-high GI (≥70) to medium GI (55-70), which once again proves that resistant starch can effectively flatten the blood sugar curve.
[0010] The team conducted preliminary research on the trichosanthes starch in Radix Trichosanthis and found that Radix Trichosanthis not only has a high starch content (about 30-50%), but also contains higher amylose, which is conducive to the production of resistant starch. Resistant starch has a lower glycemic index and can be used in dietary treatment for diabetic patients.
[0011] The team used acetic anhydride to esterify and modify Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces, thereby increasing the content of resistant starch in the esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis and supplementing the gastrointestinal tract with short-chain fatty acids, thereby achieving better diabetes treatment effects. Currently, there are no relevant literature reports on esterification modification of Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces to increase the content of resistant starch in Radix Trichosanthis. Summary of the Invention
[0012] The purpose of the present application includes, for example, providing a method for preparing esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis Radix slices to solve at least part of the above problems.
[0013] The present invention provides a method for preparing esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis Radix slices of Chinese medicinal materials, and the processing steps of the method include:
[0014] Place Radix Trichosanthis in an alkaline solution at 35°C and pH=9, and mix the mixture in a ratio of V (acetic anhydride): V (anhydrous ethanol)=1:2 to prepare a mixed solution. Under stirring, add the mixed solution dropwise to the alkaline solution to carry out an esterification reaction. During the addition of the mixed solution, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously performed and the temperature and pH of the reaction system are controlled to remain unchanged. The esterification reaction is terminated after 2-4 hours of esterification treatment. The Radix Trichosanthis is dried to obtain the esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces.
[0015] Preferably, in the method for preparing Radix Trichosanthis Chinese herbal medicine slices, the alkaline solution is a NaOH solution.
[0016] Preferably, in the method for preparing Radix Trichosanthis Chinese herbal medicine slices, the ultrasonic frequency is 35000-50000 Hz.
[0017] Preferably, in the preparation method of Radix Trichosanthis, Radix Trichosanthis can be subjected to a wet heat pretreatment before the esterification reaction; more preferably, the wet heat pretreatment method comprises: steaming Radix Trichosanthis with the water temperature controlled at 60-80°C for 0.5-1h.
[0018] Preferably, in the method for preparing the Radix Trichosanthis Chinese herbal medicine slices, the Radix Trichosanthis can be subjected to alkali leaching treatment before the esterification reaction; more preferably, the alkali leaching method comprises: placing the Radix Trichosanthis in a NaOH solution, adjusting the pH to between 8 and 9, and allowing it to soak for 4 to 6 hours.
[0019] Preferably, in the method for preparing the Radix Trichosanthis Chinese herbal medicine slices, the Radix Trichosanthis can be sliced before the esterification reaction; more preferably, pre-slicing is performed before alkali immersion treatment, the slice thickness is 2-4 cm, and after the wet heat pretreatment, preliminary drying is performed and secondary slicing is performed, the slice thickness is 2-4 mm.
[0020] Preferably, in the method for preparing Radix Trichosanthis Chinese herbal medicine slices, the method for ending the esterification reaction comprises: adjusting the pH of the reaction system to 6.5, letting it stand for 25 minutes, draining the Radix Trichosanthis, and then immersing it in anhydrous ethanol.
[0021] Preferably, in the method for preparing Radix Trichosanthis Chinese herbal medicine slices, the method for drying Radix Trichosanthis after the reaction is completed comprises: drying Radix Trichosanthis at 40-65° C. to a moisture content of 10-16%.
[0022] The present application provides a method for preparing esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis Radix slices, in which the obtained esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis Radix slices have a high content of resistant starch and possess good anti-glycemic effects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0024] Example 1:
[0025] The Radix Trichosanthis was placed in a NaOH solution at 35°C and pH = 9, and mixed in a ratio of V (acetic anhydride): V (anhydrous ethanol) = 1:2 to prepare a mixed solution. The mixed solution was added dropwise to the NaOH solution under stirring to carry out an esterification reaction. During the addition of the mixed solution, ultrasonic treatment was performed simultaneously (ultrasonic frequency was 35000 Hz) and the temperature and pH of the reaction system were kept constant. The reaction was terminated after 3 hours of esterification treatment (for example, 0.1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH of the reaction system to 6.5 and the reaction system was allowed to stand for 25 minutes, then the Radix Trichosanthis was drained and then immersed in anhydrous ethanol to terminate the esterification reaction). The Radix Trichosanthis was then dried to obtain the esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces.
[0026] The use of acetic anhydride to esterify Trichosanthes starch is compared to the traditional rice vinegar "vinegar-making" process, which uses acetic acid to esterify the main component to obtain resistant starch RS3. Its esterification process is fast, and acetylation produces acetate starch. The substitution degree of acetate starch is high, and the content of RS4 resistant starch is large. It has good anti-glycemic effects and is an excellent raw material choice for hypoglycemic medication scenarios.
[0027] Example 2:
[0028] The Radix Trichosanthis was steamed in a double boiler, the water temperature was controlled at 60-80°C, the steaming time was 0.5-1h, and the Radix Trichosanthis was naturally cooled for 0.5-1h after the steaming. The cooled Radix Trichosanthis was placed in a NaOH solution at 35°C and pH = 9, and mixed in a ratio of V (acetic anhydride): V (anhydrous ethanol) = 1:2 to prepare a mixed solution. The mixed solution was added dropwise to the NaOH solution under stirring to carry out an esterification reaction, and ultrasonic treatment was performed simultaneously during the addition of the mixed solution (ultrasonic frequency was 50000 Hz) and control the temperature and pH of the reaction system unchanged, and at the same time, add 1% potassium sorbate aqueous solution accounting for 0.5-0.8% of the total mass fraction of the reaction system to inhibit microbial contamination of the reaction system, and terminate the reaction after 2 hours of esterification reaction (for example, add 0.1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH of the reaction system to 6.5 and let it stand for 25 minutes, then drain the Radix Trichosanthis and place it in anhydrous ethanol for immersion to terminate the esterification reaction), and dry the Radix Trichosanthis to obtain esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces.
[0029] Through wet heat pretreatment, the starch granules in Radix Trichosanthis fully absorb water and soften, and partially gelatinize, and the double helix region opens to destroy the starch crystal structure, which is conducive to the subsequent esterification reaction.
[0030] Example 3
[0031] Place Radix Trichosanthis in a NaOH solution, adjust the pH to 8-9, let it stand and soak for 4-6 hours, then maintain the temperature at 35°C, adjust the pH to 9, and mix according to the ratio of V (acetic anhydride): V (anhydrous ethanol) = 1:2 to prepare a mixed solution. Under stirring, add the mixed solution dropwise to the NaOH solution for esterification reaction. During the addition of the mixed solution, ultrasonic treatment is performed simultaneously (ultrasonic frequency is 40000 Hz) and the temperature and pH of the reaction system are controlled unchanged. The reaction is terminated after 4 hours of esterification reaction (for example, 0.1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH of the reaction system to 6.5 and let it stand for 25 minutes, then drain the Radix Trichosanthis and place it in anhydrous ethanol for immersion to terminate the esterification reaction). After the end, the Radix Trichosanthis is dried to obtain the esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces.
[0032] Alkali leaching treatment of Radix Trichosanthis before esterification can activate the starch hydroxyl groups in Radix Trichosanthis, which is beneficial to the subsequent esterification reaction.
[0033] Example 4
[0034] Cut the Radix Trichosanthis into thick slices with a thickness of 2-4 cm, place the Radix Trichosanthis thick slices in a NaOH solution, adjust the pH to 8-9, let it stand and soak for 4-6 hours, then maintain the temperature at 35°C, adjust the pH to 9, and mix according to the ratio of V (acetic anhydride): V (anhydrous ethanol) = 1:2 to prepare a mixed solution, and add the mixed solution dropwise to the NaOH solution under stirring to carry out esterification reaction. During the process of adding the mixed solution dropwise, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously performed (ultrasonic frequency is 50000 Hz) and the temperature and pH of the reaction system are kept unchanged. The reaction is terminated after 3 hours of esterification reaction (for example, 0.1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH of the reaction system to 6.5 and let it stand for 25 minutes, then drain the Radix Trichosanthis and place it in anhydrous ethanol for immersion to terminate the esterification reaction). After the end, the Radix Trichosanthis is dried to obtain the esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis decoction slices.
[0035] Pre-slicing the Radix Trichosanthis before alkali immersion can expand the contact area with the alkali solution, allowing the Radix Trichosanthis starch to fully contact the alkali, activating the hydroxyl groups and facilitating the subsequent esterification reaction.
[0036] Example 5
[0037] The Radix Trichosanthis was steamed in a double boiler, the water temperature was controlled at 60-80°C, the steaming time was 0.5-1h, after the steaming was completed, the Radix Trichosanthis was cooled for 0.5-1h, and then dried with low-temperature hot air at 35-45°C to a moisture content of 10-40%, and then cut into slices with a thickness of 2-4mm; the Radix Trichosanthis slices were placed in a NaOH solution at 35°C and pH = 9, and mixed in a ratio of V (acetic anhydride): V (anhydrous ethanol) = 1:2 to prepare a mixed solution, and under stirring, NaOH was added. The mixed liquid is added dropwise to the OH solution to carry out esterification reaction. During the addition of the mixed liquid, ultrasonic treatment is performed simultaneously (ultrasonic frequency is 35000 Hz) and the temperature and pH of the reaction system are controlled unchanged. The reaction is terminated after 3 hours of esterification reaction (for example, 0.1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH of the reaction system to 6.5 and the reaction system is allowed to stand for 25 minutes, then the Radix Trichosanthis is drained and then immersed in anhydrous ethanol to terminate the esterification reaction). After the reaction is completed, the Radix Trichosanthis is dried to obtain the esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces.
[0038] Before the esterification treatment of Radix Trichosanthis, the Radix Trichosanthis that has been pretreated with wet heat is further pre-dried and sliced, which can expand the contact area between the Radix Trichosanthis and the reaction solution and is conducive to the absorption of acetic anhydride for esterification reaction.
[0039] Example 6
[0040] S1 Cleaning: Harvest fresh Radix Trichosanthis, discard the raw materials that are damaged by insects, mold and mildew, and rinse to remove the mud and impurities on the surface;
[0041] S2 Pre-slicing: Cut the cleaned Radix Trichosanthis into 2-4 cm thick slices;
[0042] S3 Alkali immersion treatment: Place the thick slices of Radix Trichosanthis in NaOH solution, adjust the pH to 8-9, and soak for 4-6 hours;
[0043] S4 wet heat pretreatment: drain the thick slices of Radix Trichosanthis after alkali soaking, steam them in water, control the water temperature at 60-80℃, and steam for 0.5-1h;
[0044] S5 primary drying: After the pre-heated and moist-treated Radix Trichosanthis thick slices are naturally cooled for 0.5-1 hour, they are then dried with low-temperature hot air at 35-45°C to a moisture content of 10-40%;
[0045] S6 Secondary sectioning: Remove the epidermis of the thick slices of Radix Trichosanthis after primary drying and cut into 2-4 mm thin slices;
[0046] S7 acetic acid esterification: Place Radix Trichosanthis in a NaOH solution at 35°C and pH = 9, mix the mixture in a ratio of V (acetic anhydride): V (anhydrous ethanol) = 1:2 to prepare a mixed solution, and add the mixed solution dropwise to the NaOH solution under stirring to carry out an esterification reaction. During the process of adding the mixed solution dropwise, ultrasonic treatment (ultrasonic frequency of 40,000 Hz) is performed simultaneously, and the temperature and pH of the reaction system are kept constant (for example, by controlling the amount of NaOH solution and the mixed solution).
[0047] S8 Termination of the reaction: After esterification for 3 h, add 0.1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid to the reaction system to adjust the pH to 6.5 and let it stand for 25 min. After standing, remove the Radix Trichosanthis slices, drain them, and wash them in anhydrous ethanol. Repeat this process three times to completely terminate the esterification reaction.
[0048] S9 Drying: Drying the washed Radix Trichosanthis slices at 40-65° C. to a moisture content of 10-16%, thereby obtaining esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis slices.
[0049] The same operating procedures as in Example 6 were followed, and the washed Radix Trichosanthis slices were dried at 40-65° C. to a moisture content of 15% to obtain esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis slices. After testing and analysis, the substitution degree was 0.063±0.002, and the resistant starch content was 24.36±1.09%.
[0050] Finally, it should be clearly pointed out that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for preparing esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis Chinese medicinal slices, characterized in that: The processing steps of the processing method include: Place the Radix Trichosanthis in an alkaline solution at 35°C and pH=9, and mix it in a ratio of V (acetic anhydride): V (anhydrous ethanol)=1:2 to prepare a mixed solution. Under stirring, add the mixed solution dropwise to the alkaline solution to carry out esterification reaction. During the process of adding the mixed solution dropwise, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out and the temperature and pH of the reaction system are controlled to remain unchanged. The esterification reaction is terminated after 2-4 hours of esterification treatment. The Radix Trichosanthis is dried to obtain esterified modified Radix Trichosanthis decoction pieces.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the esterification reaction of the Radix Trichosanthis, a wet heat pretreatment is performed.
3. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for ending the esterification reaction comprises: adjusting the pH of the reaction system to 6.5, standing the reaction system for 25 minutes, draining the Radix Trichosanthis, and then immersing the Radix Trichosanthis in anhydrous ethanol.
4. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali leaching treatment is performed before the esterification reaction of the trichosanthes root.
5. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for drying the Radix Trichosanthis after the reaction is completed comprises: drying the Radix Trichosanthis at 40-65° C. to a moisture content of 10-16%.
6. The processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wet heat pretreatment method comprises: steaming the Radix Trichosanthis with water, controlling the water temperature at 60-80° C., and steaming for 0.5-1 hour.
7. The processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The alkali leaching treatment method comprises: placing the Radix Trichosanthis in a NaOH solution, adjusting the pH to between 8 and 9, and allowing the solution to soak for 4 to 6 hours.
8. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Radix Trichosanthis is sliced before the esterification reaction, and the slice thickness is 2-4 mm.
9. The processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before the alkali leaching treatment, pre-slicing is performed, and the slice thickness is 2-4 cm.
10. The processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the wet heat pretreatment, the product is initially dried and then sliced, with a slice thickness of 2-4 mm.