BIM application method and system in cost management

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM application method and system in cost management. The method comprises the steps of BIM model construction, cost data integration, engineering quantity list and cost report generation, collaborative management, AI real-time optimization, digital twinborn early warning management, design change and contract text analysis, edge calculation cost management, block chain data guarantee and the like. The system comprises a plurality of modules such as a BIM model construction module and a cost data integration module. According to the method, software is utilized to generate a BIM model, cost data is integrated, data quality is evaluated before a report is generated, multi-specialty and multi-participant authority is cooperatively managed, AI real-time optimization, digital twinborn early warning, a natural language processing engine analyzes a change document, cost is processed through edge calculation, safety protection is achieved, and data is guaranteed in combination with a block chain. Compared with the prior art, the construction cost calculation accuracy is improved, personal errors are reduced, the association between the component and the construction cost data is enhanced, the change response efficiency is improved, and the data transmission delay is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction cost management applications, and in particular to a method and system for applying BIM in construction cost management. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the construction industry, traditional cost management methods have gradually exposed problems such as low efficiency, poor accuracy, and lack of coordination. Building Information Modeling (BIM), an emerging technology, achieves information integration and management throughout the building lifecycle through digital means, providing a new solution for cost management. Currently, BIM technology has been widely used in fields such as architectural design and construction management, but its application in cost management is still in the exploratory stage. In particular, the efficient integration of BIM models with cost data still faces significant technical bottlenecks.

[0003] Common cost management methods include manual calculations, spreadsheet-assisted calculations, and semi-automated calculations based on CAD drawings. Manual calculations rely on manual measurement and calculations, which are inefficient and prone to errors. While spreadsheet software can improve calculation efficiency, it still requires manual input of large amounts of data, making it difficult to avoid human errors. Semi-automated calculations based on CAD drawings, while improving accuracy to a certain extent, lack detailed component information in CAD drawings, making it difficult to achieve deep correlation with cost data. Furthermore, these methods have significant shortcomings in collaborative management and data updating, failing to meet the requirements of construction cost management applications. Therefore, a method and system for applying BIM in cost management are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for applying BIM in cost management, comprising the following steps: S1BIM model construction: Use BIM model building modules and combine Revit software and ArchiCAD software to generate BIM models containing building component information; S2 cost data integration: Through the cost data integration module, and using SQL Server database and MySQL database, the component information in the BIM model is associated with the cost database to achieve automatic data matching; S3 Bill of Quantities and Cost Report Generation: Generate bill of quantities and cost reports based on BIM models and cost data; S4 Collaborative Management: Use collaborative management modules and integrate BIM 360 platform as a cloud-based collaborative tool; S5AI real-time optimization: Use AI real-time optimization modules to initiate optimization processes based on historical cost data and real-time market material prices; S6 Digital Twin Early Warning Management: Use digital twin technology to establish a dynamic cost management twin that is synchronized with the BIM model; S7 Design Change and Contract Text Analysis: The natural language processing engine analyzes design change documents or contract terms, automatically identifies changes that affect the cost, and simultaneously links the BIM model and cost database to generate difference reports and adjustment suggestions; S8 edge computing cost management: Deploy lightweight BIM model processing units at edge computing nodes and use them to perform real-time cost calculations at the construction site; S9 blockchain data protection: Integrate BIM models with blockchain technology.

[0005] The present invention provides a BIM application system in cost management, based on the above-mentioned BIM application method in cost management, comprising: BIM model construction module, used to generate BIM models containing building component information; Cost data integration module, used to associate component information in the BIM model with the cost database; An automated calculation module, developed using the Python programming language, for automatically generating bills of quantities and cost reports based on BIM models and cost data; Collaborative management module, used to achieve data sharing and collaborative management among multiple disciplines and parties; An AI real-time optimization module, which is used to dynamically adjust the BIM model and cost plan based on machine learning and market data. The AI ​​real-time optimization module includes a cost prediction submodule and a plan generation submodule; Digital twin management module, used to build dynamic cost twins synchronized with BIM models and achieve real-time early warning; A natural language processing engine is used to automatically analyze the impact of design changes and contract text on construction costs; Edge computing gateway, which is deployed at the construction site and is used to locally process BIM models and cost data, and synchronize and verify cloud data consistency through blockchain; The blockchain module is used to integrate with the BIM model to ensure the immutability and traceability of cost data.

[0006] Preferably, in step S1, before making a component model, a preliminary review of the integrity and accuracy of the component information is conducted based on the building design standards and specifications. During the preliminary review, a knowledge base containing standard information of various building components is simultaneously established, and problems existing in the component information are discovered through a data comparison algorithm.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, a data matching monitoring and feedback mechanism is synchronously established. During the matching process, the matching progress, matching success rate and abnormal data that appear are monitored in real time through the monitoring and feedback mechanism. When a matching failure or abnormal data is found, error information is fed back to the user.

[0008] Preferably, in step S3, when generating the bill of quantities and cost report, a data quality assessment process is first performed, and a set of data quality assessment index system is established to comprehensively evaluate the component data and cost data in the BIM model, and the assessment indexes include data integrity, data accuracy and data consistency. Only when the data quality assessment results meet the preset qualification standards, the bill of quantities and cost report are generated, and in the process of generating the report, the calculation process record is generated synchronously.

[0009] Preferably, in step S4, the collaborative management module first manages the permissions of multiple professions and multiple participants separately, and sets different operating permissions according to the functions and needs of different participants, including the design party, the construction party and the cost consulting party. At the same time, the collaborative management module records the operation log of each participant in real time, including the time, content and purpose of the operation.

[0010] Preferably, in step S6, data on material consumption, man-hours and equipment utilization rate at the construction site are first collected in real time through IoT sensors, and the collected data are compared and analyzed with the budget data in the BIM model. At the same time, a hierarchical early warning mechanism for data deviation is established, and different early warning levels are set according to the size of the deviation and the degree of impact on the construction cost.

[0011] Preferably, in step S7, the natural language processing engine is internally provided with a depth and breadth expansion mechanism for semantic understanding, so that in addition to the literal understanding of the current document and terms, the semantics can be interpreted in combination with the practices of the construction industry, relevant laws and regulations, and the experience of historical similar projects.

[0012] Preferably, in step S8, a multi-layer security protection mechanism is established at the edge computing node. At the hardware level, the multi-layer security protection mechanism adds a blockade to the edge computing node device for physical protection. Secondly, at the software level, the multi-layer security protection mechanism uses an encryption algorithm to encrypt the data transmitted and stored on the edge computing node. At the same time, a data backup and recovery mechanism is set up inside the edge computing node.

[0013] Preferably, the cost data integration module is internally provided with a data cleaning and preprocessing mechanism, and the automatic calculation module is internally provided with a function of customizing calculation rules.

[0014] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for applying BIM in cost management, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention generates a BIM model containing building component information by using a BIM model building module and combining Revit software and ArchiCAD software, thereby avoiding the errors of manual measurement in manual calculations and providing accurate basic data for subsequent cost calculations, thereby improving the accuracy of cost calculations and reducing cost calculation deviations caused by measurement and initial data errors. 2. The present invention realizes automatic matching of component information in the BIM model with the cost database through the cost data integration module, so that there is no need to manually input a large amount of data to establish a connection between the two. The automatic matching method reduces the workload of manual data input and avoids human errors caused by manual input errors, thereby improving the accuracy and completeness of cost data. In addition, through the AI ​​real-time optimization module and the digital twin early warning management module, it can work based on the accurate BIM model and automatically integrated cost data, thereby making the optimization results more reliable and avoiding the deviation of subsequent analysis and optimization caused by inaccurate manual input data in spreadsheet software. 3. The present invention can deeply associate the component information in the BIM model with the cost database through the cost data integration module. At the same time, through the collaborative management module and combined with the BIM 360 platform, it can realize data sharing and collaborative management among multiple disciplines and multiple parties. In this process, personnel from different disciplines can work together on the basis of the BIM model, and the cost data involved can also be deeply associated with other relevant data through the BIM model, thus strengthening the association between component information and cost data and making up for the shortcomings of semi-automatic calculation based on CAD drawings in this regard. 4. The present invention uses the AI ​​real-time optimization module and the digital twin early warning management module to enable the BIM application system to optimize and warn the cost in real time based on the new data, ensuring the accuracy of the cost data. It also uses the natural language processing engine to parse the design change documents or contract terms, automatically identify the change points that affect the cost, and synchronously link the BIM model and the cost database to generate difference reports and adjustment suggestions. It can quickly and accurately identify the impact of changes on the cost, and adjust the cost data in a timely manner, thereby improving the efficiency of responding to design changes and contract terms changes, and avoiding cost management chaos caused by untimely or inaccurate change processing. At the same time, edge computing cost management deploys lightweight BIM model processing units at the construction site for real-time cost calculation, reduces cloud data transmission delays, and supports cost data synchronization in offline environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the BIM application method of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the BIM application system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution, a method for applying BIM in cost management, comprising the following steps: S1BIM model construction: Use the BIM model construction module and combine Revit software and ArchiCAD software to generate a BIM model containing building component information. Before making the component model, conduct a preliminary review of the completeness and accuracy of the component information according to the architectural design standards and specifications. During the preliminary review process, a knowledge base containing standard information of various building components is established simultaneously. Through the data comparison algorithm, problems with the component information are discovered. The specific steps of the above method are as follows: The knowledge base is established to collect national, local and industry-wide common architectural design standard specification documents. These documents cover standard requirements for building structures, building materials, building functions, and other aspects. For example, specifications for building structures may include component design requirements for different structural types (such as frame structures, shear wall structures, etc.), such as the minimum size of beams and columns, reinforcement ratios, etc. The collected standard specification documents are sorted and classified to facilitate subsequent data extraction and use. According to the types of building components, such as foundations, columns, beams, slabs, walls, etc., the basic framework structure of the knowledge base is established, and different attribute fields are set in the framework, such as component name, size range, material type, strength grade, etc. Then, according to the sorted architectural design standard specifications, the standard information of various building components is entered into the knowledge base one by one. For example, for beam components, the cross-sectional dimensions corresponding to the minimum and maximum spans, the reinforcement requirements under different concrete strength grades, and other data are entered; A preliminary review of component information is conducted, where component information is extracted from the project's architectural design documents. This information may exist in the form of drawing annotations, design instructions, etc. For example, information such as the cross-sectional dimensions, span, and reinforcement of beams is extracted from the structural construction drawings, and information such as the thickness of walls, and the dimensions of door and window openings are extracted from the building plan to determine the rules of the data comparison algorithm. For example, for component dimensions, the algorithm rules may be to compare the extracted component dimensions with the dimension range of the corresponding components in the knowledge base; for component materials, the algorithm may be to determine whether the extracted material type is consistent with the material type specified in the knowledge base, and to set different weights for the data comparison algorithm based on the different properties of the components. For example, the dimensional accuracy of a component may have a greater impact on structural safety, so a higher weight is given during the comparison, and the extracted component information is compared one by one with the standard information in the knowledge base according to the set comparison algorithm. During the comparison process, the comparison results of each component information are recorded, such as whether it is within the standard range, whether there is any non-compliance with the standard, etc. Problem discovery involves comprehensive analysis of data comparison results. If the dimensions of a component exceed the range specified in the knowledge base, or if the component's material type does not meet standard requirements, it will be marked as a component with potential problems. Components whose comparison results are close to the standard boundary values ​​will also be closely monitored and analyzed for potential risks. Information on all components marked as having problems or potential risks will be summarized to form a problem list. The problem list will describe in detail the problems with each component, such as a beam with too small a cross-sectional size that may affect the structural load-bearing capacity, or a wall material that does not meet fire protection requirements. To build a BIM model, start the BIM model building module and open Revit and ArchiCAD. Perform initial settings in the software, such as selecting appropriate project units (e.g., meters for length, square meters for area, etc.), coordinate systems, etc. Based on the component information that has passed the preliminary review, create a 3D model of the building components in Revit and ArchiCAD. For example, create a beam component model based on the exact size and reinforcement information of the beam, and create a wall model based on the thickness and height of the wall. During the model building process, use the software's functions to ensure that the connection relationship between components meets the architectural design requirements, such as the connection between beams and columns, and the connection between slabs and beams. Integrate the component models created in Revit and ArchiCAD into a single BIM model. Perform a final check on the integrated BIM model to ensure that all component information is accurately reflected in the model and that the overall model meets architectural design standards and specifications. S2 cost data integration: Through the cost data integration module, and using SQL Server database and MySQL database, the component information in the BIM model is associated with the cost database to achieve automatic data matching. In the above steps, a data matching monitoring and feedback mechanism is established simultaneously. During the matching process, the matching progress, matching success rate and abnormal data are monitored in real time through the monitoring and feedback mechanism. When matching failure or abnormal data is found, error information is fed back to the user. The specific process of the data matching monitoring and feedback mechanism is as follows: A monitoring and feedback mechanism is established to determine the key indicators to be monitored, including matching progress, matching success rate and abnormal data. For matching progress, a clear stage division is set, such as data reading stage, association rule application stage, data verification stage, etc., so as to accurately measure the progress of each stage. For matching success rate, the standard for successful matching is defined. For example, the component information in the BIM model is considered to be a successful match if it is completely consistent with the corresponding data in the cost database or is within an acceptable error range. The definition of abnormal data is clarified, such as data missing (component information cannot find a corresponding item in the cost database), incompatible data formats (such as different date formats, inconsistent digital precision, etc.), data logic conflicts (such as the relationship between component size and quantity in cost calculation does not conform to the convention), etc. Within the cost data integration module, data collection points are set on the key paths of data reading, processing and association from the BIM model and the cost database. For example, in SQL Set up collection points at the data interface between the server database and the MySQL database, in the data conversion module (if any), and before and after the execution of the correlation algorithm to obtain data status at different stages. Use programming techniques (such as built-in database monitoring functions and custom scripting languages) to build a monitoring system that can obtain data collected at data collection points in real time. Design the monitoring system architecture to enable it to efficiently process and analyze large amounts of real-time data, such as using a distributed computing framework or multi-threaded processing mechanism. Monitoring process,After the data matching begins, the monitoring system divides the data into pre-set stages, and tracks the start and end time of each stage in real time. By calculating the time consumed in each stage and comparing it with the pre-defined stage time threshold, it determines whether the matching progress is normal. For example, if the time consumed in a certain stage exceeds a certain percentage of the normal threshold (such as 20%), it is considered a progress abnormality, and the status of the matching progress is displayed to the user in a visual manner (such as a progress bar, percentage number, etc.) or recorded in a log file. After each data matching operation is completed, the monitoring system counts the number of successfully matched components or data items according to the definition of successful matching, calculates the matching success rate, that is, the number of successful matches divided by the total number of items to be matched, and obtains a percentage value. The matching success rate is displayed to the user in real time or stored in a dedicated monitoring database for subsequent analysis. When the data passes through the collection point, the monitoring system checks the data in real time and uses the data verification algorithm to identify abnormal data according to the definition of abnormal data. For the identified abnormal data, its detailed information is recorded, including the data source (whether it comes from the BIM model or the cost database), the name of the data item (such as the component name, the cost project name, etc.), the type of abnormality (such as missing data, incompatible format, etc.), and the location where the abnormality was found (the specific location of the data collection point); Feedback process: When the monitoring system detects abnormal matching progress (such as a long period of stagnation or slow progress at a certain stage), the matching success rate is lower than the preset minimum success rate threshold (such as 80%), or abnormal data is found, the feedback mechanism is triggered. Based on the specific circumstances that triggered the feedback, a detailed error message is generated. If the matching progress is abnormal, the error message includes information such as the current stagnant stage and the estimated remaining time (if estimable). For low matching success rates, the error message lists the number of successful and failed matches and the possible causes of failure (such as incomplete information on some components or erroneous data in the database). When abnormal data is found, the error message details various information about the abnormal data, such as the source, name, type, and location mentioned above. The error message is directly displayed to the user through the user interface (such as a pop-up window or message prompt box) to ensure that the user can see it in time. At the same time, the error message is sent to relevant personnel (such as cost management personnel and system administrators) via email or text message so that they can obtain the information in time when they are not in front of the computer. Finally, the error message is recorded in the system log file for subsequent query and analysis of the root cause of the problem. S3 Bill of Quantities and Cost Report Generation: Based on the BIM model and cost data, the bill of quantities and cost report are generated. When generating the bill of quantities and cost report, the data quality assessment process is first carried out. By establishing a set of data quality assessment index system, the component data and cost data in the BIM model are comprehensively evaluated. The assessment indicators include data integrity, data accuracy and data consistency. Only when the data quality assessment results meet the preset qualification standards, the bill of quantities and cost report are generated. In addition, during the report generation process, the calculation process record is generated synchronously. The specific process of the above steps is as follows: A data quality assessment index system is established. For component data in the BIM model, check whether each component contains necessary information, such as the component's geometric dimensions (length, width, height, etc.), material type, component number, etc. For cost data, check whether it contains all relevant cost items, such as material cost, labor cost, equipment rental cost, etc., and whether there are necessary sub-items under each cost item, such as whether the material cost contains material name, specification, unit price, quantity and other information. For component data in the BIM model, verify whether the component size meets the design requirements, such as whether the span of the beam is consistent with the design drawing marking, whether the material strength grade of the component is correct, and for cost data, check whether the material unit price is consistent with the market price or the contract price, whether the labor hour calculation is reasonable, and whether the equipment rental fee is accurate. Accuracy is determined by comparing with reliable data sources (such as market price databases, internal corporate cost standards, etc.). Within the BIM model, the relationships between components are checked for consistency. For example, the connection between beams and columns in the structural system complies with mechanical principles, and the positional relationship between doors, windows, and walls in the building layout is correct. In terms of cost data, the calculation logic between different cost items is ensured to be consistent. For example, when calculating the total cost, the aggregation method of various costs is correct, and the calculation method of various expenses is unified. At the same time, the logical consistency between the component data and the cost data in the BIM model is checked, for example, whether the number of components matches the engineering quantity in the cost calculation; The comprehensive evaluation process extracts component data from the BIM model, including geometric information, material information, component relationships, etc., organizes this data into a format that is easy to evaluate, obtains cost data from the cost database, and organizes various cost data and related attributes according to cost item classification. According to the data integrity assessment indicators, the integrity of the BIM model component data and cost data are checked one by one. For component data, the number of components that lack necessary information is counted and their proportion of the total number of components is calculated. For cost data, the number of missing cost items or sub-items is counted and the corresponding proportion is calculated. The integrity of the data is judged based on the preset integrity threshold (e.g., the component data integrity ratio should reach more than 90%, and the cost data integrity ratio should reach more than 95%). The BIM model component data and cost data are checked for accuracy based on the data accuracy assessment indicators. For component data, component information that does not meet design requirements or has obvious errors is marked. For cost data, find out the cost items that have large deviations from the reference data source and calculate the accuracy score. For example, consider data with accuracy deviation within a certain range (such as ±5%) as accurate, calculate the proportion of accurate data, and judge whether the accuracy of the data is qualified based on the preset accuracy threshold (such as the accuracy ratio should reach 85% or more). Based on the data consistency evaluation indicators, check the consistency of the component relationship within the BIM model, the consistency of the calculation logic within the cost data, and the logical consistency between the BIM model and the cost data. Mark out areas where there are consistency problems, such as component connection relationship errors, cost calculation logic contradictions, etc., and judge whether the data consistency is qualified based on the preset consistency threshold (such as the consistency ratio should reach 90% or more). Comprehensively consider the evaluation results of completeness, accuracy and consistency. If all three indicators meet the preset qualification standards, the data quality assessment results are judged to be qualified, and the bill of quantities and cost report can be generated; otherwise, it is judged to be unqualified and the data needs to be corrected and re-evaluated; The bill of quantities and cost report generation and calculation process records: When the data quality assessment results meet the qualified standards, the bill of quantities and cost report generation process is started. Based on the component data and cost data in the BIM model, the bill of quantities is generated according to the established calculation rules, and the quantities of each project are clearly listed, such as the amount of concrete poured, the amount of steel bars used, etc. A cost report is generated based on the quantity and cost data, and the amount of each cost, the summary cost, and other relevant information are listed in detail, such as the composition structure of the cost, the proportion of each cost, etc. When generating the report, each step of the calculation process is recorded. For example, for the calculation of the quantity of work, the calculation formula used, the component size and other data sources are recorded; for the cost calculation, the calculation basis of each cost is recorded, such as the source of the material unit price, the calculation method of labor hours, etc. The calculation process record is associated with the generated bill of quantities and cost report and saved so that the calculation process can be traced during future audits or inquiries; S4 Collaborative Management: The collaborative management module is used in conjunction with the BIM 360 platform as a cloud-based collaborative tool. The collaborative management module first manages the permissions of multiple disciplines and multiple participants separately. Different operation permissions are set according to the functions and needs of different participants, including designers, contractors, and cost consultants. At the same time, the collaborative management module records the operation logs of each participant in real time, including the time, content, and purpose of the operation. The specific process of the above steps is as follows: The authority management process analyzes the roles and needs of the participating parties. The designer's role is to be responsible for the design of the building, including the design of the building's appearance, structure, functional layout, etc. It is necessary to create, modify, and improve the building component information in the BIM model, such as determining the building's floor plan, structural form, component size, etc. Requirements: The designer must be able to access and edit design-related information such as the building's geometry, spatial relationships, material selection, and other data. At the same time, they must have control over the model's overall framework and design concept to ensure the integrity and consistency of the design. The construction party's responsibilities: to carry out construction according to the design plan provided by the designer. They need to view the component information in the BIM model for accurate construction. At the same time, they may need to mark and record some temporary components or construction sequence information during the construction process. Requirements: They have viewing permissions on the model and can obtain information such as component size, location, installation requirements, etc. During the construction process, they may need limited editing permissions, such as marking completed construction sections and recording changes during the construction process, but they cannot modify the core design content; Cost Consultant Responsibilities: Responsible for estimating, budgeting, and controlling project costs. Cost-related component information, such as component quantity and material type, needs to be extracted from the BIM model and combined with market price information for cost calculation. Requirements: Access to component attribute information related to cost and the ability to analyze and calculate cost data. Cost-related parameters can be adjusted and recorded, but other irrelevant information related to design and construction should not be modified. Set operational permissions to provide designers with the ability to create, edit, and delete building components on the BIM 360 platform. For example, designers can add new walls and adjust the position and size of columns in the BIM model. Designers are allowed to modify metadata related to the design concept, such as the building's style and functional zoning descriptions. They are also granted permission to manage model versions, including creating new versions and rolling back to older versions, to ensure traceability of the design process. They are also given permission to view all component information in the BIM model, allowing construction parties to fully understand the building's structure and layout. They are also given the ability to mark information such as construction progress and quality issues on the model. For example, the date of poured concrete and any discovered steel bar binding problems can be annotated on the corresponding components in the model. Limited editing permissions are provided for temporary components or temporary adjustments related to the construction sequence, such as adding information about temporary support structures. However, these edits must go through a certain approval process. The BIM model provides permission to view component attributes related to cost calculation (such as component quantity, material type, and size). Cost consultants are allowed to enter and adjust cost parameters in modules related to cost analysis, such as material unit prices and labor hour unit prices. The permission to view cost analysis reports and generate comparisons of different cost plans is granted, but the modification of information not related to design and construction operations is restricted. In the collaborative management module, the operation log recording process triggers the logging mechanism for each participant's operation when the operation begins. For example, when the designer opens the BIM model for editing, when the construction party marks the construction progress on the model, and when the cost consultant enters the cost parameters, the operation-related information is recorded to obtain the system time when the operation occurs, accurate to the second or even millisecond level. This time is recorded in the operation log as the operation time to accurately trace the sequence of operations. For the designer's operation, the editing content of the component is recorded in detail, such as which component's attributes are modified (such as changing the cross-sectional size of the beam from 300mm×500mm to 350mm×550mm), which components are added or deleted, etc. For the construction party's operation, the construction progress marked on the model (such as the completion of the concrete pouring of a certain layer), the construction quality problems found (such as the vertical deviation of a column exceeds the standard), etc. are recorded. For the cost consultant's operation , record the adjusted cost parameters (such as adjusting the unit price of a certain material from 100 yuan / m² to 120 yuan / m²) and the cost analysis operations performed (such as recalculating the cost of a certain part of the project), etc., and record the purpose of each operation through pre-set operation purpose options or allowing participants to manually enter the operation purpose. For example, the designer may modify the component size to meet the structural force requirements or optimize the building space; the construction party may mark the construction progress to facilitate project management and progress monitoring; the cost consultant may adjust the cost parameters to update the cost budget according to market price fluctuations, etc. S5AI real-time optimization: Use AI real-time optimization modules to initiate optimization processes based on historical cost data and real-time market material prices; S6 Digital Twin Early Warning Management: Through digital twin technology, a dynamic cost management twin synchronized with the BIM model is established. First, IoT sensors are used to collect data on material consumption, labor hours, and equipment utilization at the construction site in real time. The collected data is then compared and analyzed with the budget data in the BIM model. At the same time, a hierarchical early warning mechanism for data deviation is established. Different warning levels are set according to the size of the deviation and the degree of impact on the cost. The specific process of the above steps is as follows: First, we identify deviation metrics. We analyze the deviations between construction site material consumption, labor hours, and equipment utilization data collected by IoT sensors and the budgeted data in the BIM model. For material consumption data, deviation metrics include the difference between actual and budgeted consumption and the rate of change in consumption (e.g., (actual consumption - budgeted) / budgeted). For labor hours, we consider the difference between actual and budgeted hours and the fluctuation in labor hours (e.g., (actual hours - budgeted) / budgeted hours). For equipment utilization data, we focus on the difference between actual and budgeted utilization and the percentage of utilization deviation (e.g., (actual utilization - budgeted utilization) / budgeted utilization). We analyze the impact of material consumption deviation on construction cost: material unit price is the key factor. The direct impact of material consumption deviation on construction cost is calculated by multiplying the material unit price by the deviation. We also consider the knock-on effects of material supply, such as material shortages that can lead to construction delays and increased indirect costs. To assess the impact of labor hour deviation on construction cost, we multiply the labor unit price by the labor hour deviation to obtain the direct impact. It's also important to consider the indirect impact of labor efficiency changes caused by changes in labor hours on the overall project schedule and other costs, and to determine the impact of equipment utilization rate deviations on construction costs. This is done by combining factors such as equipment rental or purchase costs and equipment operating costs with utilization rate deviations to calculate the direct impact on construction costs. Equipment utilization rate deviations can lead to idle or overused equipment, impacting indirect cost factors such as equipment maintenance costs and project schedules. Divide the warning levels. According to the specific needs of the project and the management accuracy requirements, set three warning levels: mild warning, moderate warning and severe warning. For material consumption deviation: Minor warning: triggered when the material consumption deviation (measured in absolute or relative value) is within the range of [0, 5%] of the budget, and the impact on the cost is within the range of [0, 3%] of the total cost; Moderate warning: triggered when the material consumption deviation is within the range of (5%, 10%) of the budget, or the impact on the construction cost is within the range of (3%, 8%) of the total cost; Severe warning: triggered when the material consumption deviation exceeds 10% of the budget, or the impact on the cost exceeds 8% of the total cost; For labor time deviation: Mild warning: triggered when the deviation of labor hours is within the range of [0, 8%] of the budgeted hours, and the impact on the cost is within the range of [0, 5%] of the total cost; Moderate warning: triggered when the deviation in labor hours is within the range of (8%, 15%) of the budgeted labor hours, or the impact on the construction cost is within the range of (5%, 12%) of the total cost; Severe warning: triggered when the deviation in labor hours exceeds 15% of the budgeted hours, or the impact on the cost exceeds 12% of the total cost; For device utilization deviation: Minor warning: triggered when the equipment utilization rate deviation is within the range of [0, 6%] of the budget utilization rate, and the impact on the construction cost is within the range of [0, 4%] of the total cost; Moderate warning: Triggered when the equipment utilization rate deviation is within the range of (6%, 12%) of the budgeted utilization rate, or the impact on the construction cost is within the range of (4%, 10%) of the total cost; Severe warning: triggered when the equipment utilization rate deviation exceeds 12% of the budgeted utilization rate, or the impact on the cost exceeds 10% of the total cost; Warning triggering and notification: The digital twin warning management system collects construction site data collected by IoT sensors and budget data from the BIM model in real time. Based on the aforementioned deviation metrics, it calculates the deviation values ​​of material consumption, labor hours, and equipment utilization data, and their impact on cost. The calculated deviation values ​​and cost impact are compared with the set warning level thresholds. If the conditions for a certain warning level are met, an alert of the corresponding level is triggered. A minor warning notification is sent to relevant personnel, such as on-site construction managers and cost estimators, via in-system messages or emails. The notification includes the deviation data, a preliminary analysis of the cost impact, and recommended areas for attention. A moderate warning notification notifies the aforementioned personnel as well as higher-level personnel, such as the project manager and cost supervisor. The notification is more detailed, including a detailed analysis of the deviation, an assessment of potential risks to the project schedule and overall cost, and preliminary recommendations for response measures. A severe warning notification is sent to senior project management, investor representatives, and others. The notification is comprehensive and urgent, including the severity of the deviation, the potential catastrophic impact on the project (such as project overruns and delays), and the requirements for an emergency response strategy. S7 Design Change and Contract Text Analysis: The natural language processing engine parses design change documents or contract terms, automatically identifies change points that affect the cost, and simultaneously links the BIM model and cost database to generate difference reports and adjustment suggestions. The natural language processing engine is equipped with a depth and breadth expansion mechanism for semantic understanding. In addition to the literal understanding of the current documents and terms, it can also interpret the semantics in combination with the conventions of the construction industry, relevant laws and regulations, and the experience of historical similar projects. The specific process of the above steps is as follows; First, perform data preprocessing: Obtain electronic text of design change documents or contract terms from the project management system or relevant storage location. Ensure that the text format meets the input requirements of the natural language processing engine. For example, accurately scan and recognize paper documents to convert them into editable electronic text format. Clean the obtained text to remove irrelevant characters, punctuation errors, and repeated spaces. For example, convert full-width punctuation to half-width punctuation and unify the text encoding format to improve the parsing accuracy of the natural language processing engine. Parsing Based on a Natural Language Processing Engine: The natural language processing engine first performs literal semantic analysis on design change documents or contract clauses. Using techniques such as lexical analysis and syntactic analysis, it identifies parts of speech within the text, such as nouns (e.g., building component names, material names), verbs (e.g., construction operations, change actions), and adjectives (e.g., quality standard descriptions). It then constructs the grammatical structure of sentences and, based on this structure, determines the basic meaning of each clause and statement within the text. For example, it identifies descriptions of project scope changes and material specification adjustments. The natural language processing engine's internal semantic understanding mechanism expands both the depth and breadth of its understanding, and, based on construction industry practices, interprets terminology and expressions within the text according to industry standards. For example, for phrases such as "construction in accordance with industry standards," the engine determines specific construction standards and quality requirements based on industry practices. It then verifies the legality and compliance of the clause in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and accurately interprets statements concerning legal responsibilities and rights. For example, for breach of contract clauses in a contract, the engine determines the criteria for determining breach of contract and the method for calculating compensation based on relevant legal provisions. Factors potentially influencing construction costs are analyzed based on historical experience from similar projects. For example, if similar design changes in historical projects have led to an increase in the cost of certain components, then the description of similar design changes in the current project should focus on their potential impact on the cost; Identification of change points that affect cost: After semantic parsing and extended understanding, extract elements directly or indirectly related to cost from the design change document or contract terms. These elements include changes in project quantity (such as increased or decreased building area, number of components, etc.), adjustments in material prices (such as price fluctuations caused by changes in material specifications), changes in construction technology (different processes may result in different costs), etc. Based on the extracted cost-related elements, compare them with the BIM model of the original project and the basic data in the cost database. For example, compare the component size changes mentioned in the design change document with the original component size in the BIM model. If there are differences, it is determined to be a change point that affects the cost. For changes in payment methods, pricing methods, etc. in the contract terms, analyze their impact on cost calculation and cash flow and determine them as change points; Synchronize the BIM model and the cost database: For the identified change points that affect the cost, the relevant information will be fed back to the BIM model. For example, if it is a design change of a component, the size, material and other attribute information of the component will be updated in the BIM model to reflect the actual situation after the change. According to the update of the BIM model, the engineering quantity and other related data of the affected components will be recalculated. In the cost database, the corresponding cost data will be adjusted according to the change points. For example, data such as material prices and labor costs will be updated, and the cost of the relevant parts will be recalculated according to the new pricing rules. The total cost will be recalculated based on the engineering quantity updated in the BIM model and the unit price and other data adjusted in the cost database. Generation of difference reports and adjustment suggestions: Calculate the cost difference before and after the change, including the total cost difference and the cost difference of each affected part (such as different components, different construction stages, etc.), compare the data differences such as engineering quantities and component attributes in the BIM model before and after the change, determine the specific content and scope of the change, and generate a difference report based on the difference calculation results. The report content includes an overview of the change points, cost difference values, BIM model data changes, etc., and generates adjustment suggestions based on the differences and the actual needs of the project. For example, if the cost increase is due to rising material prices, it is recommended to find alternative materials or renegotiate prices with suppliers; if the engineering quantity is reduced, it is recommended to adjust the construction plan to reduce resource waste, etc. S8 edge computing cost management: Lightweight BIM model processing units are deployed on edge computing nodes, and the processing units are used to complete real-time cost calculations at the construction site. At the same time, a multi-layer security protection mechanism is established on the edge computing nodes. At the hardware level, the multi-layer security protection mechanism adds barriers to the edge computing node devices for physical protection. Secondly, at the software level, the multi-layer security protection mechanism uses encryption algorithms to encrypt the data transmitted and stored on the edge computing nodes. At the same time, a data backup and recovery mechanism is set up inside the edge computing nodes. The specific process of the above steps is as follows: First, make preliminary preparations and determine the optimal deployment location of the edge computing node based on the layout and network environment of the construction site. Factors to consider include the distance from the construction site equipment (such as sensors, construction machinery, etc.) to ensure low latency in data transmission; and the network coverage of the construction site to ensure a stable data connection. Analyze the needs of the construction site cost calculation and determine the computing power, storage capacity and other resource requirements required for the lightweight BIM model processing unit. Based on the above requirements, select a lightweight BIM model processing unit from the market that is suitable for running in an edge computing environment. This processing unit should have the ability to quickly process and analyze BIM model data and be able to interact well with other equipment and systems on the construction site. Deployment process: Install the hardware equipment of the lightweight BIM model processing unit at the selected edge computing node location. This includes physically installing the processing unit's host, storage devices, etc., and connecting them to the construction site's network to ensure data communication with other related equipment (such as IoT sensors), and installing the software environment required for the lightweight BIM model processing unit, including the operating system, BIM model processing software, etc. Initialize the software settings, such as configuring compatibility with the BIM model data format, connection parameters with the cost database, etc., import pre-defined BIM model data (lightweight model data suitable for edge computing that has been pre-processed and optimized) into the processing unit to ensure that the processing unit can normally read and parse component information and other data in the BIM model; The processing unit completes the real-time cost calculation process: First, it connects to IoT sensors and other devices at the construction site to acquire real-time construction data. For example, it collects data on material consumption (such as steel and cement usage), labor hours (duration of different types of work), and equipment utilization (such as the frequency of use of equipment like cranes and mixers). This acquired construction site data is then combined with the BIM model data in the lightweight BIM model processing unit. Based on the component information in the BIM model, the actual status of each component during construction, such as installation progress and any changes, is determined, providing accurate basic data for cost calculation. The lightweight BIM model processing unit has pre-set cost calculation rules, which are set according to the project's cost management requirements and relevant standards. For example, the unit cost of each component is determined based on factors such as material, size, and construction process. The component cost is then calculated based on the actual construction volume. Based on this combined data and the applied cost calculation rules, the processing unit performs real-time cost calculations. As construction site data is continuously updated (such as hourly material consumption changes, accumulated labor hours, etc.), the processing unit promptly updates the cost calculation results to ensure the real-time nature of the cost data. The process for establishing a multi-layered security protection mechanism at edge computing nodes is as follows: First, conduct a risk assessment of the edge computing node equipment to identify potential physical threats, such as dust, vibration, accidental collisions, and malicious damage at the construction site. As needed, fences are installed around the edge computing node equipment. The material and structure of the fences should be able to effectively block possible physical interference and damage. For example, metal guardrails should be used, with sufficient height and strength to prevent accidental contact and impact from small objects. At the same time, the installation location of the edge computing node equipment should be reinforced to ensure stable operation in the vibration environment of the construction site. Appropriate encryption algorithms should be selected based on the type of data transmitted and stored on the edge computing node (such as BIM model data and cost calculation data) and security requirements. For example, for sensitive cost data, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm can be selected, citing its high security and efficiency. During data transmission, the selected encryption algorithm is used to encrypt data when it is transmitted from construction site equipment (such as sensors) to edge computing nodes, or from edge computing nodes to other devices (such as cloud servers). Regarding data storage, data stored on edge computing node storage devices (including BIM model data and historical cost calculation data) is encrypted to ensure data security while in storage. A data backup strategy can then be determined based on factors such as the importance and update frequency of the edge computing node data. For example, a combination of regular backups (such as daily) and real-time incremental backups can be implemented. For important cost calculation results and BIM model data, real-time incremental backups are used to ensure timely backup of the latest data. For less frequently updated data, a regular daily backup can be implemented. Within the edge computing node, data is backed up to a designated storage medium (such as an external hard drive or network storage device) according to the backup strategy. During the backup process, ensure the integrity and accuracy of the backup data and verify its usability through data verification and other means. When the data on the edge computing node is damaged or lost, restore it based on the backup data. During the recovery process, gradually restore the data to the edge computing node according to the data backup time sequence and related recovery processes to ensure that the data can be used normally and can re-establish connections with other equipment and systems on the construction site. S9 blockchain data protection: Combining BIM models with blockchain technology begins with data preparation: Extract key data from the BIM model generated by the BIM model building module. This data includes building component information, such as component size, material, location, and other information, which is an important basis for cost management. Before extracting data, ensure that the data has undergone a preliminary review of its completeness and accuracy, and that any problems with component information discovered by the data comparison algorithm have been resolved. Identify the data security and traceability requirements that require blockchain technology in cost management. For example, ensure that cost-related data in the BIM model cannot be tampered with throughout the project life cycle, and that the source and changes of data can be traced in a multi-party environment. Integrate this process to establish a mapping relationship between BIM model data and blockchain data structures. Component information and other data in the BIM model are converted according to blockchain format requirements. For example, component attribute data in the BIM model is converted into blockchain data blocks, ensuring that data storage and querying on the blockchain correspond to the data logic in the BIM model. A suitable blockchain platform is selected and the converted BIM model data is uploaded to the blockchain. During this process, data is verified and stored based on the blockchain's consensus mechanism (such as proof-of-work or proof-of-stake). For example, when using the Ethereum blockchain, smart contracts are used to ensure that the upload and storage of BIM model data comply with pre-set rules. Critical data in cost management, such as bills of quantities and cost reports, is individually labeled and encrypted before being uploaded to the blockchain to enhance data security. Associations between BIM model data and cost data are established on the blockchain. For example, through pointers or indexing mechanisms in the blockchain, component data in the BIM model can be associated with corresponding cost data (such as component costs and material prices), facilitating rapid access to relevant data during query and management, and establishing an interactive mechanism for BIM model data on the blockchain. When the BIM model changes (such as design changes), the relevant cost data update operation is triggered through the blockchain's smart contract. At the same time, when the cost data is adjusted, the changes to the corresponding BIM model components can be traced on the blockchain; During the maintenance and management phase, regular integrity checks are performed on the BIM model data on the blockchain. Blockchain hashing algorithms and other technical means are utilized to ensure that data has not been tampered with during storage. If data anomalies are discovered, the distributed ledger nature of the blockchain can be used to trace the data change history and identify the root cause. Within the blockchain environment, the permissions for different participants to access and manipulate BIM model data on the blockchain are managed based on the permissions set for multiple disciplines and parties (such as designers, contractors, and cost consultants) in the collaborative management module. For example, designers may have permission to view and modify BIM model design data, while cost consultants may have permission to view and analyze cost-related data, and contractors may have permission to view data related to construction progress and resources. All operations will leave an immutable record on the blockchain.

[0019] See also Figure 2 The present invention provides a BIM application system for cost management based on a method for applying BIM in cost management, comprising: BIM model construction module, used to generate BIM models containing building component information; The cost data integration module is used to associate the component information in the BIM model with the cost database. The cost data integration module is internally equipped with data cleaning and preprocessing mechanisms; Automatic calculation module, developed based on Python programming language, is used to automatically generate bills of quantities and cost reports based on BIM models and cost data. The automatic calculation module has the function of customizing calculation rules; Collaborative management module, used to achieve data sharing and collaborative management among multiple disciplines and parties; AI real-time optimization module, used to dynamically adjust BIM models and cost plans based on machine learning and market data. The AI ​​real-time optimization module includes a cost prediction submodule and a solution generation submodule; Digital twin management module, used to build dynamic cost twins synchronized with BIM models and achieve real-time early warning; A natural language processing engine is used to automatically analyze the impact of design changes and contract text on construction costs; Edge computing gateway, deployed at the construction site, is used to locally process BIM models and cost data, and synchronize and verify cloud data consistency through blockchain; The blockchain module is used to integrate with the BIM model to ensure the immutability and traceability of cost data.

[0020] This solution uses BIM model building modules and combines Revit software and ArchiCAD software to generate a BIM model containing building component information, avoiding errors in manual measurement in manual calculations and providing accurate basic data for subsequent cost calculations, thereby improving the accuracy of cost calculations and reducing cost calculation deviations caused by measurement and initial data errors.

[0021] This solution uses the cost data integration module to automatically match the component information in the BIM model with the cost database, eliminating the need to manually input a large amount of data to establish a connection between the two. The automatic matching method reduces the workload of manual data input, while also avoiding human errors caused by manual input errors, thereby improving the accuracy and completeness of cost data. In addition, through the AI ​​real-time optimization module and the digital twin early warning management module, it can work based on accurate BIM models and automatically integrated cost data, making the optimization results more reliable and avoiding deviations in subsequent analysis and optimization caused by inaccurate manual data input in spreadsheet software.

[0022] This solution can also deeply link the component information in the BIM model with the cost database through the cost data integration module. At the same time, it can realize data sharing and collaborative management among multiple disciplines and multiple parties through the collaborative management module and the combination of the BIM 360 platform. In this process, personnel from different disciplines can work together based on the BIM model, and the cost data they involve can also be deeply linked with other relevant data through the BIM model, strengthening the connection between component information and cost data, and making up for the shortcomings of semi-automatic calculation based on CAD drawings in this regard.

[0023] At the same time, this solution uses the AI ​​real-time optimization module and the digital twin early warning management module to enable the BIM application system to optimize and warn the cost in real time based on the new data, ensuring the accuracy of the cost data. It also uses the natural language processing engine to parse the design change documents or contract terms, automatically identify the change points that affect the cost, and synchronously link the BIM model and cost database to generate difference reports and adjustment suggestions. It can quickly and accurately identify the impact of changes on costs and adjust cost data in a timely manner, improving the efficiency of responding to design changes and contract terms changes, and avoiding cost management chaos caused by untimely or inaccurate change processing. At the same time, edge computing cost management deploys lightweight BIM model processing units at the construction site for real-time cost calculation, reducing cloud data transmission delays and supporting cost data synchronization in offline environments.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for applying BIM in cost management, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 BIM model construction: First, enable the BIM model building module, Revit software and ArchiCAD software to generate a BIM model containing building component information; S2 cost data integration: Then, the cost data integration module is called and the SQL Server database and the MySQL database are started. Then, the component information in the BIM model generated in step S1 is associated with the cost database. S3 Bill of Quantities and Cost Report Generation: The BIM model generated in step S1 and the cost data integrated and acquired in step S2 are used as a basis to generate a bill of quantities and a cost report; S4 Collaborative Management: Using the collaborative management module and combining it with the BIM 360 platform as a cloud-based collaborative tool, information sharing, communication, and collaborative work are then conducted on the platform tool based on the bill of quantities and cost report generated in step S3; S5 AI real-time optimization: The AI ​​real-time optimization module is activated and the optimization process is initiated based on historical cost data and real-time market material prices; S6 Digital Twin Early Warning Management: While step 5 is being carried out, digital twin early warning management is carried out, and digital twin technology is used to establish a dynamic cost management twin that is synchronized with the BIM model generated in step S1; S7 Design Change and Contract Text Analysis: The natural language processing engine is used to parse the design change documents and contract terms, automatically identifying the change points that affect the cost. The BIM model generated in step S1 and the cost data obtained in step S2 are then linked together to generate a difference report and adjustment suggestions. S8 edge computing cost management: Deploy lightweight BIM model processing units at edge computing nodes and use them to perform real-time cost calculations at the construction site; S9 blockchain data protection: Finally, the BIM model generated in step S1 is combined with blockchain technology.

2. The method for applying BIM in cost management according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, before the component model is constructed, a preliminary review of the integrity and accuracy of the component information is conducted based on the building design standards and specifications. During the preliminary review, a knowledge base containing standard information of various building components is simultaneously established, and problems with the component information are discovered through a data comparison algorithm.

3. The method for applying BIM in cost management according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a data matching monitoring and feedback mechanism is synchronously established. During the matching process, the matching progress, matching success rate and abnormal data that appear are monitored in real time through the monitoring and feedback mechanism. When a matching failure or abnormal data is found, error information is fed back to the user.

4. The method for applying BIM in cost management according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when generating the bill of quantities and cost report, a data quality assessment process is first carried out. By establishing a set of data quality assessment index system, the component data and cost data in the BIM model are comprehensively assessed, and the assessment indexes include data integrity, data accuracy and data consistency. Only when the data quality assessment results meet the preset qualification standards, the bill of quantities and cost report are generated, and in the process of generating the report, the calculation process record is generated synchronously.

5. The method for applying BIM in cost management according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the collaborative management module first manages the permissions of multiple disciplines and multiple participants separately, and sets different operation permissions according to the functions and needs of different participants, including the design party, the construction party and the cost consulting party. At the same time, the collaborative management module records the operation log of each participant in real time, including the time, content and purpose of the operation.

6. The method for applying BIM in cost management according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, data on material consumption, man-hours, and equipment utilization at the construction site are first collected in real time through IoT sensors, and the collected data are compared and analyzed with the budget data in the BIM model. At the same time, a hierarchical early warning mechanism for data deviations is established, and different early warning levels are set according to the size of the deviation and the degree of impact on the construction cost.

7. The method for applying BIM in cost management according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the natural language processing engine is internally provided with a depth and breadth expansion mechanism for semantic understanding, so that in addition to the literal understanding of the current document and clauses, the semantics can be interpreted in combination with the practices of the construction industry, relevant laws and regulations, and the experience of historical similar projects.

8. The method for applying BIM in cost management according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8, a multi-layer security protection mechanism is established at the edge computing node. At the hardware level, the multi-layer security protection mechanism adds a blockade to the edge computing node device for physical protection. Secondly, at the software level, the multi-layer security protection mechanism uses an encryption algorithm to encrypt the data transmitted and stored on the edge computing node. At the same time, a data backup and recovery mechanism is set up inside the edge computing node.

9. A BIM application system in cost management, using a BIM application method in cost management according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: BIM model construction module, used to generate BIM models containing building component information; Cost data integration module, used to associate component information in the BIM model with the cost database; An automated calculation module, developed using the Python programming language, for automatically generating bills of quantities and cost reports based on BIM models and cost data; Collaborative management module, used to achieve data sharing and collaborative management among multiple disciplines and parties; An AI real-time optimization module, which is used to dynamically adjust the BIM model and cost plan based on machine learning and market data. The AI ​​real-time optimization module includes a cost prediction submodule and a plan generation submodule; Digital twin management module, used to build dynamic cost twins synchronized with BIM models and achieve real-time early warning; A natural language processing engine is used to automatically analyze the impact of design changes and contract text on construction costs; Edge computing gateway, which is deployed at the construction site and is used to locally process BIM models and cost data, and synchronize and verify cloud data consistency through blockchain; The blockchain module is used to integrate with the BIM model to ensure the immutability and traceability of cost data.

10. A BIM application system for cost management according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cost data integration module is internally provided with a data cleaning and preprocessing mechanism, and the automatic calculation module is internally provided with a function of customizing calculation rules.

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