Multifunctional combined use method of high-expansibility mobile power supply

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional combined use method of a high-expansibility mobile power supply, relates to the technical field of mobile power supplies, and realizes modularization, multiple functions and high reliability of the power supply by constructing a combined system consisting of a main power supply module and a plurality of independent function expansion modules. The main power supply module comprises a physically reconfigurable energy storage array unit, an energy partition isolation management system, a multi-node energy routing core and a rotary encoder, and has a dynamic topology autonomous evolution capability and a fault self-healing mechanism. A multi-mode biological heuristic sensor fusion unit and a multi-stage phase change micro-cavity cooling structure are integrated in the expansion module, so that state data can be acquired in real time and thermal stability can be guaranteed. According to the invention, the adaptability, energy supply continuity and user interaction flexibility of the mobile power supply system in a complex environment are improved, and the mobile power supply system is suitable for application scenarios with high requirements on energy safety and reliability, such as field operation, military communication, disaster rescue and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile power supplies, and in particular to a multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power supply. Background Art

[0002] Existing mobile power systems typically use fixed energy supply structures and preset charging and discharging paths, lacking the ability to adapt to complex load environments and making it difficult to meet the needs of multi-functional expansion, thermally stable operation, and dynamic energy optimization management. Traditional modular power supply structures only implement physical plug-in expansion and lack system-level intelligent judgment and fault-tolerant strategies. At the same time, most systems are prone to power supply interruptions, loose connections, or module damage under conditions of high load fluctuations, interface thermal expansion, and mechanical connection instability, making them unable to meet the needs of variable working conditions and critical tasks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly scalable intelligent mobile power system with adaptive topology, redundant fault tolerance, and multimodal sensing capabilities to improve its safety, reliability, and efficient energy supply capabilities in complex scenarios.

[0003] The above patent documents and prior art have the following technical problems when used:

[0004] Problem 1: Traditional mobile power supplies generally have a single, fixed power supply path, lacking dynamic adjustment and adaptive capabilities. They are unable to sense the status of each cell and load changes in real time, resulting in low battery pack efficiency and shortened lifespan. Furthermore, they lack effective fault tolerance and risk prevention mechanisms in abnormal situations, making it difficult to ensure system stability and security. Furthermore, inadequate heat dissipation design and a lack of intelligent coordination between modules often lead to problems such as overheating, poor contact, and energy waste, limiting their reliable use and scalability in complex and changing application environments.

[0005] Second, during modular multifunctional expansion, traditional mobile power supplies often experience loose or damaged interfaces due to weak mechanical connections and poor electrical contact. Furthermore, they lack effective real-time connection status monitoring and fault warning methods, which can easily lead to problems such as misconnection, interface wear, micro-cracks on the contact surface, and abnormal temperature and humidity. These issues can lead to unstable power supply, performance degradation, and even safety hazards. The inability to automatically identify connection status and prevent misoperation can severely restrict system reliability and service life.

[0006] Problem three: Traditional mobile power supplies generally use fixed-structure energy storage units, lacking the ability to flexibly adjust the battery cell combination and the ability to dynamically switch the battery cell polarity. This makes it difficult to promptly isolate the faulty unit when some battery cells fail. The lack of an effective fault-tolerant bypass mechanism and real-time health status monitoring can cause power outages or significant degradation of system performance, impacting overall battery life and safety.

[0007] Problem four: Traditional mobile power supplies often suffer from a rapid rise in internal temperature due to the lack of effective thermal management and structural adjustment mechanisms under high load or high temperature environments. This makes it difficult for heat to be dissipated in time, causing overheating and damage to batteries and electronic components. At the same time, mechanical structural deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction can easily lead to loose connectors or poor contact, which in turn causes unstable electrical connections, reduced power efficiency, and even safety hazards, seriously affecting the stability and service life of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical problems solved

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power supply, which solves the following problems:

[0010] 1. The traditional power supply path is fixed and lacks adaptive adjustment capabilities. It cannot dynamically optimize energy distribution according to battery cell status and load changes, resulting in low system efficiency and a lack of fault tolerance mechanisms under abnormal operating conditions.

[0011] 2. In traditional multi-module expansion, mechanical and electrical connections are prone to loosening or damage, and there is a lack of connection status monitoring and early warning, which can easily lead to problems such as misconnection, microcracks, or abnormal temperature and humidity, affecting system stability and safety.

[0012] 3. Traditional energy storage systems are closed and have a single combination method. They lack flexible cell polarity switching and fault isolation mechanisms, resulting in the inability to bypass faulty cells in a timely manner, affecting overall power supply and endurance.

[0013] 4. Due to the insufficient thermal management capabilities of traditional systems and the lack of automatic compensation mechanisms, overheating, poor contact, and structural deformation are prone to occur under high temperatures or high loads, thereby affecting the reliability and service life of the system.

[0014] Technical Solution

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power supply, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Sp1: Provides a main power module with a modular locking interface. The main power module includes a physically reconfigurable energy storage array unit, an energy partition isolation management system integrated on the main printed circuit board, and a multi-node energy routing core with self-adjusting energy load channels.

[0017] Sp2: Provides multiple independent functional expansion modules. Each expansion module has a mechanical locking structure, a multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit, a unique function code and life cycle label, and is connected to the main power module through a magnetic alignment structure.

[0018] Sp3: The energy routing core of the main power module integrates a variable structure path fusion chip array and is equipped with a topology evolution engine. It automatically establishes an energy topology distribution map based on the multimodal sensor data, function coding and response characteristics of the expansion module, autonomously evolves a multi-path fault-tolerant energy supply network and dynamically defines energy supply priorities.

[0019] Sp4: The energy storage array unit is composed of multiple independent battery cell clusters. Each battery cell cluster has a reversible polarity path construction unit, supports dynamic access to heterogeneous battery cells and automatic energy direction control, and is connected to the bus through a power management chip. In combination with a partitioned temperature sensing network, it realizes distributed energy scheduling in temperature zones.

[0020] Sp5: Users can set different energy supply strategy combinations through the rotary encoder on the main power module. The combination mechanism has a limit interlocking circuit structure to avoid misoperation. The panel forms a combination identification through mechanical dialing and knob rotation;

[0021] Sp6: After the expansion module is connected, it can automatically identify its type and current environmental status through the multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit in the expansion module. If abnormal current, abnormal heat source or physical connection abnormality is detected, the misconnection self-blocking mechanism in the main power module is automatically activated;

[0022] Sp7. The main power module supports the structural thermal response self-calibration mechanism of the expansion module. The expansion module shell is equipped with a multi-order phase change micro-cavity cooling structure and a temperature-controlled expansion cavity limit compensation device, which can automatically adjust the module plug-in posture during high-load thermal expansion.

[0023] Preferably, the modular locking interface includes a pair of inclined guide rails, and the guide rail plug-in module cooperates with the electrical contacts provided at the end of the main power module. A positioning guide slot structure is formed between the guide rail inclined surface and the plug-in module. The electrical contacts are encapsulated on a plastic shell, and the whole constitutes an integrated plug-in self-positioning contact assembly.

[0024] Preferably, the energy partition isolation management system consists of a main power supply sub-unit, a signal conduction sub-unit and a redundant protection sub-unit. The three are logically isolated through a directional on-off channel arranged on the inner side of the printed circuit board. A low-power anisotropic switch tube array is embedded in the channel, and the switch tube is controlled to open and close by a unidirectional capacitor charging and discharging module.

[0025] Preferably, a bypass switching module is connected in series between the output end of each battery cell cluster in the energy storage array unit and the bus. The bypass switching module includes a magnetically controlled relay contact and a bidirectional voltage detection branch circuit. The voltage detection branch circuit is provided with a redundant conduction circuit, and a full-bridge circuit is connected at both ends of any battery cell cluster.

[0026] Preferably, the path fusion chip array in the multi-node energy routing core encapsulates multiple micro-electromechanical system controllable conductive elements, each conductive element is arranged into a micro-electromechanical system switch matrix, each node is interconnected through an integrated silicon substrate connection bridge, and a local reverse bias resistor matrix is ​​encapsulated on the outside.

[0027] Preferably, the power management chip is composed of a bidirectional MOS transistor connected in parallel and a thermistor ceramic piece embedded in a T-shape. A metal heat sink is provided at the pin of the MOS transistor. The thermistor ceramic piece is fixed on an insulating support plate. A thermal threshold conduction coupling circuit is provided on the outside of the structure.

[0028] Preferably, the rotary encoder includes an axially arranged multi-section elastic eccentric wheel, which is driven by the central rotating shaft and pushes the interlocking limit springs arranged on the back of the control panel in sequence during rotation. The limit springs rely on the stepped grooves of adjacent sections to generate physical alignment feedback, and the bottom of the grooves is integrated with a contact terminal array.

[0029] Preferably, the multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit includes: a piezoelectric film sensor, which is arranged on the contact surface of the expansion module interface; an electronic component temperature sensor, which is deployed in the key hot spot area and near the interface of the expansion module; the unique function code and life cycle tag is a near-field communication NFC tag, which is built into the expansion module.

[0030] Preferably, the multi-stage phase change microcavity cooling structure includes a porous metal microstructure skeleton, a layer of flaky thermal conductive graphite material is filled inside the skeleton, the surface of the graphite material is coated with a solid phase change polymer, the phase change material and the skeleton are bonded via a fine thermal interface coating and embedded in the groove of the module shell.

[0031] Beneficial effects

[0032] The present invention provides a multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. This technical solution overcomes the limitations of traditional mobile power supply systems, which rely on single, static power supply paths, by introducing a multi-node energy routing core and a topology evolution engine. In complex power networks with multiple input sources and multiple output modules, this solution dynamically constructs and continuously optimizes power transmission paths based on real-time collected information such as cell health status, load changes, voltage and current fluctuations, and temperature and humidity distribution, achieving adaptive reconstruction and autonomous evolution of power supply paths. The system's embedded topology evolution engine, based on a distributed weight update and risk warning mechanism and combined with an intelligent judgment algorithm, quickly identifies potential electrical anomalies, overloaded nodes, or degraded cells and performs path switching or isolation adjustments, ensuring continuous power supply to critical loads and overall stable system operation. Furthermore, the power supply path evolution process incorporates risk mitigation capabilities, enabling rapid energy flow adjustments upon detection of potential risks such as electrical interference, connection anomalies, or module failures, effectively preventing power bottlenecks, module overheating, or power outages. This significantly improves the operational stability, intelligent adaptability, and overall reliability of the mobile power supply system in highly dynamic and changing environments.

[0034] 2. This technical solution achieves a high degree of coordination and reliable interconnection between the expansion module and the main power module at the structural and electrical levels by constructing a modular multi-functional expansion and precise connection guarantee mechanism. It adopts a mechanical locking structure to ensure that the module connection is physically capable of resisting plug-in and plug-out disturbances, and uses magnetic alignment technology to achieve automatic guidance and precise alignment during module plug-in, avoiding manual plug-in errors. On this basis, this technology further integrates an interface stress detection module to perceive the stress distribution changes generated during the connection process in real time. At the same time, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is used to dynamically track changes in the connection environment and collaboratively judge the stability and safety of the interface. The system can automatically block the plug-in behavior when the connection status is abnormal, the plug-in direction is wrong, or the environmental parameters exceed the standard, to avoid short circuits, overheating or contact damage caused by misoperation.

[0035] 3. This technical solution significantly breaks through the technical bottlenecks of traditional mobile power supplies in energy storage structure and fault management by introducing reconfigurable energy storage units and fault-tolerant energy supply mechanisms. Its core lies in the use of physically reconfigurable energy storage array units, which not only support the flexible combination of heterogeneous battery cell clusters, but also have the ability to dynamically switch polarity. It can adjust the connection mode and discharge direction of the battery cells in real time according to the actual working status and system instructions, thereby meeting the energy supply needs under different load scenarios; at the same time, the system integrates fault-tolerant control logic with fault bypass and self-isolation functions. When any battery cell cluster has performance abnormalities or failures, it can automatically trigger the health status monitoring mechanism, and dynamically reconstruct the power supply network through the built-in path fusion chip array to bypass the faulty unit to ensure that it does not affect the normal operation of other battery cell clusters, thereby maintaining the stable output and continuous power supply of the entire system, effectively preventing the risk of the entire machine shutting down due to local faults, and significantly improving the system's fault tolerance, reliability and service life under complex working conditions.

[0036] 4. This technology innovatively integrates the multi-stage phase change microcavity cooling structure and the temperature control expansion cavity limit compensation device in the module connection area and around the core heating unit by constructing an active thermal management adjustment and structural self-calibration mechanism, achieving a synergistic improvement in heat regulation and structural stability. The multi-stage phase change microcavity cooling structure sets multi-stage phase change material microcavities in different temperature zones, which can start different phase change layers in sequence during the gradual increase of system temperature, accurately control the heat energy absorption rate and path, effectively delay the temperature rise process of the core parts, and keep the operating temperature of key electronic components within a safe range. The temperature control expansion cavity limit compensation device can The thermally responsive material structure automatically fills the connection gaps and enhances the structural contact strength through thermal expansion in a high-temperature environment, preventing loose interfaces, poor electrical contact, and structural fatigue and damage caused by the accumulation of microscopic displacements due to thermal expansion and contraction. The overall system forms a multifunctional coupling system that can adaptively adjust with dynamic temperature changes. It not only significantly improves the thermal stability and module connection reliability under complex working conditions such as high load and high temperature, but also has the ability to actively respond to changes in interface status, fundamentally solving the performance degradation and safety risk problems of traditional mobile power supplies caused by heat dissipation and structural instability under harsh conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is the temperature zone distributed energy scheduling algorithm process of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile power supply of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interface of the mobile power supply of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Cross-sectional view at AA;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a first partial expansion module of the expansion module of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a second partial expansion module of the expansion module of the present invention.

[0044] Among them: 1. Main power module; 2. Rotary encoder; 3. Modular locking interface; 4. Electrical contacts; 5. Expansion module; 6. Energy storage array unit; 7. Main printed circuit board; 8. Piezoelectric film sensor; 9. Electronic component temperature sensor; 10. Near-field communication NFC tag; 11. Multi-order phase change microcavity cooling structure; 12. Mechanical locking structure; 13. Magnetic alignment structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific embodiment one:

[0047] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, a highly scalable multifunctional combination method for mobile power supplies aims to achieve high intelligence, flexibility, and reliability through innovative modular design, biomimetic multimodal sensing capabilities, intelligent energy routing, and advanced thermal management mechanisms. The system can autonomously sense the environment and module status and dynamically adjust energy allocation strategies to adapt to various complex and changing usage scenarios:

[0048] The entire mobile power system mainly consists of a main power module and multiple independent function expansion modules, which achieve seamless physical and electrical connection through a modular locking interface.

[0049] Main power module: It is the hub of the entire energy system, responsible for intelligent energy storage, precise management, dynamic routing and comprehensive control. It consists of a physically reconfigurable energy storage array unit, an energy partitioning and isolation management system integrated on the main printed circuit board, and a multi-node energy routing core with self-adjusting energy load channels.

[0050] The physically reconfigurable energy storage array unit is the energy foundation of the main power module and is composed of multiple, fully independent cell clusters. Each cell cluster is an independent, rechargeable unit with an integrated battery management system (BMS) core functionality, monitoring its voltage, current, and temperature, and providing overcharge, over-discharge, and overcurrent protection. These cell clusters can be a heterogeneous combination of cells with varying chemistries, capacities, or internal resistances. A reversible polarity path construction unit, integrated into the solid-state switch matrix at the output of each cell cluster, consists of a high-performance metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor array. Based on instructions from the main power module's energy routing core, it dynamically switches the cell cluster's output polarity, enabling forward or reverse connection to the main bus and supporting reconfiguration of cell clusters in series or parallel configurations. This allows the system to flexibly mix heterogeneous cell clusters with different voltage levels or capacities to meet dynamically changing output requirements. A reverse charge and discharge recognition unit, integrated into each cell cluster's BMS, continuously monitors the current direction and voltage changes within the cell cluster. It accurately identifies any abnormal reverse current and serves as a trigger for the local abnormal bypass device, which consists of a magnetically controlled relay contact and a bidirectional voltage detection branch circuit. When any cell cluster experiences a voltage abnormality, overtemperature, short circuit, or excessive internal resistance fault, the magnetically controlled relay contact swiftly activates, physically isolating the faulty cell cluster from the main bus to prevent the fault from spreading. The bidirectional voltage detection branch circuit includes a redundant conduction loop that immediately senses voltage changes after isolation and reports them to the multi-node energy routing core. While bypassing the faulty cell cluster, the full-bridge circuit rapidly adjusts the connection method or polarity of adjacent healthy cell clusters according to the instructions of the multi-node energy routing core to ensure continuity of bus voltage and current output and maintain system power supply stability. Each cell cluster outputs its status data to the multi-node energy routing core in real time, including precise voltage, current, temperature, health status, and charge status.

[0051] The energy partitioning and isolation management system consists of three parts: a main power supply subunit, a signal transmission subunit, and a redundant protection subunit. These subunits are physically and logically isolated via directional on / off channels located inside the main printed circuit board of the main power module. These channels are embedded with arrays of low-power, opposite-sex switching transistors that enable unidirectional or controlled bidirectional data or energy flow, physically separated and non-interfering with each other. The on and off states of the opposite-sex switching transistor arrays are precisely controlled by unidirectional capacitor charging and discharging modules. This means that control signals are transmitted and isolated via capacitor charging and discharging, ensuring absolute electrical isolation between the control circuit and the main circuit, effectively preventing fault propagation along the control link. The main power supply sub-unit is responsible for providing the expansion module with stabilized and filtered main power output according to the instructions of the multi-node energy routing core; the signal conduction sub-unit is dedicated to all data communications between the main power supply module and the expansion module, and adopts an isolated data bus independent of power transmission to ensure the purity and reliability of data transmission; the redundant protection sub-unit: operates independently of the main power supply sub-unit and the signal conduction sub-unit, and continuously monitors the key parameters of the entire system, including: main bus voltage, bus current, access current of each expansion module, temperature of each battery cluster, temperature of key components inside the main power module, and all multimodal sensor data from the expansion module.

[0052] The energy partition isolation management system's judgment scheme is as follows: the redundant protection subunit has a built-in multi-level hardware state machine and a high-response comparator network to determine anomalies. When the short-circuit current exceeds the limit threshold for a certain period of time, or the interface temperature and key temperature points of the battery cluster temperature exceed the safety range for a certain period of time, the redundant protection subunit will immediately determine that it is abnormal. The circuit breaker is activated based on the physical connection abnormality instruction determined by the multi-node energy routing core. The core control logic of the redundant protection subunit is written in hardware description language and burned into the field programmable gate array to achieve a short-term rapid response. When it is determined to be abnormal, the redundant protection subunit will immediately issue a physical disconnection instruction to the switch tube array in the directional on-off channel to completely isolate the fault area and prevent the damage from escalating.

[0053] The multi-node energy routing core is the brain of the main power module. Its core is an integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array equipped with an innovative topology evolution engine. The integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array is a highly integrated programmable switch network. It encapsulates multiple MEMS (microelectromechanical system) controllable conduction elements. These MEMS switching elements are arranged in a MEMS switch matrix and interconnected via integrated silicon substrate bridges. Local reverse bias resistor matrices are encapsulated outside key nodes for fault isolation and path impedance monitoring. The MEMS switches feature ultra-low on-resistance, high switching frequency, and high reliability. They enable dynamic and lossless reconstruction of the internal power topology, precisely routing energy from different cell clusters to different expansion modules or other loads.

[0054] The topology evolution engine is the intelligent core of the multi-node energy routing core. It is a decision-making unit based on rule-based reasoning, finite state machines, adaptive clustering, and feedback optimization. It uses an interpretable, deterministic algorithm. Deterministic algorithm data input: The topology evolution engine receives real-time multimodal sensor data from all connected expansion modules, including piezoelectric stress, temperature and humidity, and near-field communication or radio frequency identification tag data. Precise status data for each cell cluster within the main power module, including voltage, current, temperature, health status, and charge status. Real-time power parameters for the main bus and other key points of the main power module. Macro-power supply strategies set by the user via rotary encoders.

[0055] Pattern Recognition and Status Judgment: The topology evolution engine performs multi-dimensional, real-time fusion, preprocessing, and pattern matching on input data. It incorporates a complex conditional judgment logic tree and multi-level threshold model to identify the precise operating status and potential risk patterns of the current system. Physical Connection Stability Judgment: The engine combines piezoelectric film sensor data to determine connection tightness, uniformity, presence of micro-vibration, and stress concentration. If multi-point piezoelectric readings fall below the normal threshold, the system is deemed to have a loose interface. Local Overheating Risk Judgment: The engine combines electronic component temperature sensor data, including the temperatures of key points within the expansion module, the ambient temperature of the interface, the expansion module's own power consumption curve, and the external ambient temperature. Load Characteristic Identification: The engine accurately identifies current load requirements through the expansion module's functional coding and its real-time current and voltage response characteristics. Power Health Assessment: The engine continuously analyzes the health and charge status data of each cell cluster to predict its remaining lifespan and available energy. System Judgment Scheme: The topology evolution engine's decision scheme is based on weighted scoring and risk level classification. When the average piezoelectric stress falls below a specific threshold, the risk level is high, indicating severe connection instability. When the internal temperature of the expansion module exceeds a specific warning threshold and the ambient humidity exceeds a specific threshold, the risk level is medium, indicating high heat dissipation pressure or condensation risk. When the health status of the battery cell cluster falls below a critical threshold and the cumulative number of abnormalities exceeds the maximum allowable number, the risk level is extremely high, indicating imminent failure of the battery cell cluster. Autonomous Evolving Energy Supply Network and Dynamic Prioritization: Based on real-time pattern recognition results and risk levels, the topology evolution engine dynamically adjusts the switching states of the MEMS integrated variable structure path fusion chip array, replans energy flows, and dynamically generates and optimizes the energy supply topology distribution map. The optimization goals are to maximize system efficiency, extend overall battery life, ensure power supply for critical functions, and minimize risks.

[0056] When an expansion module is identified as having an unstable connection, the topology evolution engine immediately instructs the integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array to switch the module's power supply path to a more stable redundant MEMS link, or temporarily reduce the module's maximum output power, while simultaneously issuing a "Please check connections" warning to the user. If an expansion module exhibits local overheating trends, the topology evolution engine prioritizes powering the energy path consisting of the coolest and healthiest cell clusters, or limits their supply current, while also instructing the multi-stage phase-change microcavity cooling structure to enhance heat dissipation. If a cell cluster is isolated by a local abnormal bypass device, the topology evolution engine immediately reassesses the availability of all healthy cell clusters within the physically reconfigurable energy storage array units. Leveraging the flexible reconfiguration capabilities of the integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array, the engine quickly reassembles healthy cell clusters to form a new power network, ensuring overall system power continuity and achieving true fault-tolerant energy supply. Combined with user-defined macro policies, the topology evolution engine prioritizes the most efficient power paths and strictly controls the power consumption of non-critical modules.

[0057] The topology evolution engine records the inputs, decisions, and actual results of each autonomous evolution. Using quantitative scoring based on preset performance indicators and an iterative optimization algorithm, the engine adaptively adjusts its internal logical judgment weights, decision thresholds, and priority calculation models, enabling it to make smarter, more efficient, and more reliable energy management decisions in the face of changing environments and loads.

[0058] The multi-node energy routing core utilizes a high-performance microcontroller as its core processor, responsible for executing the complex algorithms and data fusion of the topology evolution engine. Furthermore, a dedicated field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is used to directly control the switches of the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) integrated with the variable-structure path fusion chip array, ensuring rapid response and high reliability for power topology reconfiguration. Communication between the microcontroller and the FPGA is achieved via a high-speed interface.

[0059] The rotary encoder features an axially arranged, multi-section elastic eccentric structure. By rotating the main knob, different energy supply strategies can be mechanically selected: energy-saving mode, high-power output mode, emergency power supply mode, and balanced charging mode.

[0060] When the combined position of the knob and dial is perfectly aligned, the eccentric wheel, driven by the central shaft, sequentially pushes the interlocking limit springs located on the back of the control panel during rotation. These limit springs rely on the stepped grooves of adjacent sections to generate precise physical alignment feedback, thereby realizing the limit interlocking circuit structure. The bottom of the groove is integrated with an array of contact terminals. When the eccentric wheel pushes the spring to fully align the stepped groove with the contact terminal, the corresponding interlocking contact automatically closes, generating a fixed, unique physical encoding signal. Only when the user adjusts the knob and dial to the correct position and feels the physical alignment feedback, and the interlocking contact closes to generate a valid physical code, will the strategy be read and activated by the multi-node energy routing core. This effectively prevents incorrect operation or misidentification caused by incomplete mechanical position alignment.

[0061] Independent function expansion modules: These modules are the specific carriers that realize the multifunctionality of the mobile power supply and can include various professional purpose modules. Each expansion module has a mechanical locking structure, a multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit, a unique function code and life cycle label, and is connected to the main power module through a magnetic alignment structure.

[0062] The mechanical locking structure combines the plug-in module at the expansion module end with the modular locking interface and the magnetic alignment structure at the main power module end. The modular locking interface includes a pair of beveled guide rails. The guide rail plug-in module cooperates with the electrical contacts provided at the end of the main power module. An alignment guide groove structure is formed between the beveled guide rail and the plug-in module to ensure that the expansion module can be automatically aligned when inserted into the main power module, reducing blind insertion and physical damage. The electrical contacts are encapsulated in the plastic housing to form an integrated plug-in self-positioning contact assembly. This design ensures high-frequency connection retention capability, extremely low contact resistance and excellent signal integrity under frequent plugging and unplugging. The plastic housing provides insulation and dimensional stability.

[0063] The magnetic alignment structure has permanent magnets symmetrically distributed around the interface of the expansion module and the main power module. When the expansion module approaches the interface of the main power module, the magnetic force automatically guides the expansion module to precise alignment and initial attraction. Once the initial mechanical alignment is completed, the expansion module is tightly installed on the interface of the main power module through the suction force of the permanent magnet, ensuring the mechanical tightness and stability between the expansion module and the main power module. The user only needs to roughly align the expansion module with the interface of the main power module, and the magnetic force will automatically pull the expansion module into place and complete the initial attraction. Then, the user gently pushes the expansion module, and the inclined guide rail will guide it to be inserted precisely until the double locking structure is fully in place to ensure a secure connection.

[0064] The multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit is a high-density, multi-functional sensor array integrated into each expansion module, designed to provide rich, real-time information on the module's own status and interface environment.

[0065] The piezoelectric film sensor is composed of multiple micron-scale thin film piezoelectric sensors, which are strategically placed on the contact surface of the expansion module's locking interface or just inside it. They can accurately capture the force distribution, connection tightness, presence of tiny warping or stress concentration points, and external micro-vibrations after the expansion module is physically connected in real time. The output signal is proportional to the force and is transmitted after internal signal amplification and digitization. The electronic component temperature sensor uses a high-precision, low-power temperature and humidity sensor manufactured using micro-electromechanical system technology and is deployed near key hot spots and interfaces inside the expansion module. It is used to monitor the precise temperature changes of the module itself; the tag matrix for near-field communication or radio frequency identification is built into the printed circuit board inside the expansion module.

[0066] The unique function code identifies the module's precise type and functional attributes. The lifecycle tag is a dynamically readable and writable storage area that contains the module's production batch, first activation date, cumulative operating hours, cumulative power consumption, historical charge and discharge cycle counts, the most recent firmware update version, and historical fault records and maintenance logs recorded by the expansion module's internal microcontroller. This data provides deep contextual information for the multi-node energy routing core; signal processing and transmission are performed by an independent low-power microcontroller integrated within the multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit. It is responsible for real-time acquisition, preliminary processing, data fusion, and formatting of all sensor raw signals. The processed multi-dimensional data packets are transmitted to the multi-node energy routing core of the main power module via the signal transmission subunit between the main power module and the expansion module.

[0067] The multi-stage phase-change microcavity cooling structure is ingeniously positioned within the expansion module housing, in close contact with the heat source and working in conjunction with the temperature-controlled expansion chamber limit compensation device. The core of the cooling structure is a highly thermally conductive porous metal microstructure skeleton. This skeleton provides a large surface area and efficient thermal conduction paths, rapidly dissipating heat away from the heat source. The skeleton is densely packed with an ultra-thin, highly thermally conductive graphite sheet. The graphite material has excellent in-plane thermal conductivity, rapidly dissipating localized heat laterally and evenly transferring it to the phase-change material. The graphite material is uniformly coated with a solid-state phase-change polymer within a specific phase-change temperature range. When the internal module temperature rises and reaches the phase-change temperature of the solid-state phase-change polymer, it undergoes a solid-to-liquid phase transition, absorbing a significant amount of latent heat. This effectively suppresses the rapid rise in module temperature and allows the system to dissipate heat over time. An ultra-thin, highly thermally conductive micro-thermal interface coating tightly bonds the phase-change material to the skeleton, ensuring efficient heat transfer from the skeleton to the solid-state phase-change polymer and achieving micro-thermal interface coating adhesion. The entire multi-stage phase-change microcavity cooling structure is tightly embedded within a precision groove reserved in the expansion module housing, directly or indirectly contacting the internal heat-generating components. Fins or microchannels are typically designed on the housing surface to work in conjunction with the multi-stage phase-change microcavity cooling structure for convection heat dissipation, thus achieving both embedded and external heat dissipation.

[0068] The temperature-controlled expansion cavity limit compensation device is a shape memory alloy element with a preset phase transition temperature. Shape memory alloy elements exhibit a reversible shape memory effect at a specific temperature. When the module expands due to heat, the shape memory alloy element senses the temperature increase and undergoes a preset micro-deformation. This deformation is designed to adaptively fine-tune the module's insertion posture and the relative position of the interface. This ensures optimal mechanical alignment and electrical contact between the main power module and the expansion module, even under severe temperature fluctuations, effectively preventing poor contact, disconnection, or difficulty plugging and unplugging due to thermal expansion and contraction. When the expansion module operates under high load and generates internal heat, the multi-stage phase change microcavity cooling structure activates the phase change heat dissipation mechanism, absorbing heat and maintaining a stable temperature. Simultaneously, the temperature-controlled expansion cavity limit compensation device senses the module's thermal expansion in real time and automatically fine-tunes the physical state of the interface to ensure long-term stability and reliability of the connection. Specific embodiment two:

[0070] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, based on the content in the above specific embodiments, the following contents are further disclosed:

[0071] Module connection and initial identification: The user brings the independent function expansion module close to the modular locking interface of the main power module. After alignment, the magnetic alignment structure automatically guides the expansion module to the main power module interface position through precise magnetic traction, completing the initial mechanical alignment and attraction, and realizing magnetic alignment. After that, the user gently pushes the expansion module, and the alignment guide notch structure between the inclined guide rail and the plug-in module will further guide the expansion module to be inserted smoothly. Because the electrical contacts inside the expansion module are in precise contact with the electrical contacts of the main power module, the electrical connection is completed. At the same time, the mechanical locking mechanism is fully in place to ensure a stable electrical connection between the expansion module and the main power module.

[0072] Once the expansion module is connected and powered on, its built-in multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit immediately activates and completes the following tasks: the unique function code and lifecycle data of the near-field communication or radio frequency identification tag matrix are read by the multi-node energy routing core of the main power module; the piezoelectric film sensor collects real-time force distribution data on the interface contact surface; and the electronic component temperature sensor collects real-time temperature and humidity data near key hotspots within the module and near the interface. All of this raw sensor data is initially processed by the microcontroller within the multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit and then transmitted to the multi-node energy routing core of the main power module via the signal transmission subunit.

[0073] The multi-node energy routing core of the main power module continuously receives all multimodal sensor data from the multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit, the function codes and lifecycle tags of the expansion modules, and real-time operating data from each cell cluster and main bus within the main power module, enabling multi-node energy routing core status awareness and data fusion. The topology evolution engine then immediately performs real-time fusion and pattern recognition on all received sensor data. It initiates the first stage of anomaly detection: Physical connection anomaly detection: This comprehensively analyzes piezoelectric film sensor data to determine whether all contact points are evenly stressed and meet the preset minimum pressure threshold, and whether there are any abnormal, persistent micro-vibrations. Current or heat source anomaly detection: This combines instantaneous current changes after the expansion module is connected, electronic component temperature sensor data, the expansion module's internal temperature, interface temperature, and heat source data from the main power module's own sensors. If the topology evolution engine determines abnormal current flow, abnormal heat source, or physical connection during this stage, it immediately activates the misconnection self-blocking mechanism. After receiving the instruction from the topology evolution engine, the redundant protection subunit of the main power module will quickly physically disconnect the power supply to the abnormal expansion module through the directional on-off channel in the energy partition isolation management system, and issue a warning to the user when necessary.

[0074] Once an expansion module successfully passes an anomaly assessment, the topology evolution engine begins building an initial energy topology distribution map. This engine comprehensively considers the expansion module's functional code, its lifecycle tag, the current health status, charge status, and temperature of each cell cluster, as well as the macro-power supply strategy configured by the user via the rotary encoder. Using an integrated variable structure path fusion chip array, the topology evolution engine configures an initial, efficient power supply path, routing healthy cell clusters to the newly connected expansion module.

[0075] Once the system enters normal operation, the topology evolution engine continuously monitors and analyzes multimodal sensor data from all expansion modules, as well as power and health data within the main power module, in real time and at high frequency. Based on the real-time data stream, the topology evolution engine continuously identifies the system's current precise operating state pattern using its built-in adaptive clustering algorithm and conditional decision logic tree. Based on these identified real-time state patterns, the topology evolution engine dynamically adjusts power supply priorities and the switching states of the MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems) within the integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array, autonomously evolving a multi-path, fault-tolerant power supply network. If the power demand of a particular expansion module suddenly increases, the topology evolution engine immediately adjusts routing, allocating more energy from the optimal cell cluster combination. If a particular expansion module's piezoelectric film stress sensor consistently displays weak signs of connection instability, the topology evolution engine automatically switches the module's power supply path to a redundant MEMS link within the integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array, or temporarily reduces the maximum power supply limit for the module, increases monitoring frequency, and triggers a warning.

[0076] Simultaneously, the topology evolution engine dynamically rotates power supply clusters based on the health, state of charge, and temperature of each cell cluster, ensuring balanced discharge across the clusters, avoiding single-point overload and extending overall battery life. If any cell cluster is isolated by its locally abnormal bypass device, the topology evolution engine immediately reassesses the availability of all healthy cell clusters within the physically reconfigurable energy storage array unit. Leveraging the powerful reconfiguration capabilities of the integrated variable structure path fusion chip array, the engine quickly reassembles healthy cell clusters to form a new power supply network, ensuring overall system power continuity and achieving true fault-tolerant energy supply. During low loads or user-defined energy-saving modes, the topology evolution engine optimizes power supply paths, selecting the most efficient cell cluster combination and path, and dynamically disabling unused MEMS switches within the integrated variable structure path fusion chip array to minimize losses. The topology evolution engine records the inputs, decisions, and actual results of each autonomous evolution. Through quantitative scoring and iterative optimization algorithms based on preset performance indicators, the topology evolution engine adaptively adjusts its internal logical judgment weights, decision thresholds, and priority calculation models, enabling it to make smarter, more efficient, and more reliable energy management decisions in the face of changing environments and loads.

[0077] During interaction, the user sets the energy supply strategy combination using a rotary encoder on the main power module. The user rotates the knob and dial. When the combination is precisely aligned, the rotary encoder's multi-stage elastic eccentric activates an interlocking limit spring. The spring, via a stepped groove, provides clear physical alignment feedback. Simultaneously, the contact terminal array at the bottom of the groove automatically closes, generating a unique, fixed physical code signal. The multi-node energy routing core reads the physical code generated by the rotary encoder in real time and uses it as a key constraint for the topology evolution engine's macro-decision making. That is, when the user sets emergency power supply mode, the topology evolution engine prioritizes core output, even at the expense of efficiency. Upon receiving the physical code, the topology evolution engine immediately adjusts its internal decision model and priority parameters to activate the corresponding energy supply strategy.

[0078] During operation, electronic component temperature sensors within the expansion module continuously monitor the temperatures of key hotspots. When the expansion module operates under high load, causing the internal temperature to rise and reach a certain threshold, the multi-stage phase-change microcavity cooling structure activates. The solid-state phase-change polymer undergoes a phase transition, absorbing a large amount of heat, effectively stabilizing the module temperature within a safe range. Simultaneously, the temperature-controlled expansion cavity limit compensation device within the multi-stage phase-change microcavity cooling structure senses the tiny thermal expansion of the module due to heat accumulation. Based on the sensed expansion, the compensation device precisely executes a preset micro-deformation, automatically fine-tuning the plug-in posture and relative position of the expansion module interface with the main power module. This ensures that the mechanical alignment between the expansion module and the main power module remains optimal despite dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction, maintaining the contact pressure and stability of the electrical contacts and effectively preventing loose connections or poor contact due to thermal expansion.

[0079] When in use, all sensors continuously collect data. This data is aggregated to the multi-node energy routing core through its respective communication channels. The multi-node energy routing core continuously runs the topology evolution engine for real-time status assessment, risk prediction, and fault diagnosis. When potential risks or minor anomalies are detected, the system can send early warning information to the user through the main power module display, indicator lights, or external communication interface. All critical events and system status changes are recorded in non-volatile memory as an operation log and historical data to facilitate subsequent fault analysis, predictive maintenance, and system optimization. The system supports firmware updates through external interfaces to optimize the topology evolution engine algorithm, update sensor calibration parameters, or introduce new features. Specific embodiment three:

[0081] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, based on the content in the above specific embodiments, the following contents are further disclosed:

[0082] In order to further verify the feasibility of this application and the significant features of the technical solution in actual use, the following application case contents are further disclosed:

[0083] Temperature zone distributed energy scheduling algorithm logic:

[0084] The topology evolution engine will continue to receive: cell :Real-time temperature: accurate temperature reading of each battery cluster, health status: aging degree of battery cluster, charging status: current charge of battery cluster, I out :Output current: the current discharge current of each cell cluster, P max_rated :Rated maximum output power: the maximum discharge power allowed by the design of each battery cluster, P load_total :System overall load demand: the total power that the current system needs to provide to the outside.

[0085] Temperature threshold definition: It is necessary to define multiple temperature thresholds as the basis for scheduling decisions:

[0086] T normal_max :Normal operating temperature range: The battery cluster discharges within this range without special restrictions; T warning :Warning temperature: When this temperature is reached, it means that the battery cluster begins to heat up, and attention needs to be paid and slight restrictions may be taken; T limit : Limit temperature: When this temperature is reached, the output power of the battery cluster must be significantly limited or discharge must be stopped; T danger : Dangerous temperature: When this temperature is reached, the discharge of the battery cluster must be stopped immediately and isolated, which may be a precursor to failure.

[0087] Core logic of the algorithm: The temperature zone distributed energy scheduling algorithm of the topology evolution engine can be summarized as the following steps:

[0088] Step 1: Real-time temperature monitoring and risk assessment: The topology evolution engine continuously obtains the real-time temperature of all connected cell clusters. For each cell cluster, it compares its real-time temperature with the preset threshold to assess its temperature risk level:

[0089] T cell ≤T normal_max : Low risk

[0090] T normal_max <T cell ≤T warning : Medium risk, warning

[0091] T warning <T cell ≤T limit : High risk, restricted

[0092] T limit <T cell ≤T danger : Urgent risk, forced stop or quarantine

[0093] T cell >T danger : Fault isolation, handled by local abnormal bypass device

[0094] Step 2: Dynamic power allocation and priority adjustment: Under the premise of meeting the total system load demand, priority is given to using battery cell clusters with lower temperatures and better health to supply power, while limiting or suspending battery cell clusters with excessively high temperatures.

[0095] Scheduling strategy, priority by risk level:

[0096] T cell >T limit: Emergency risk cell cluster processing: Immediately instruct the integrated variable structure path fusion chip array to physically disconnect the cell cluster from the main bus to prevent further damage to the cells or cause safety problems, notify the user, and trigger the reconstruction algorithm of the overall power supply network, so that other healthy cell clusters share its load.

[0097] T warning <T cell ≤T limit :High-risk cell cluster processing: Set a linear or nonlinear decay function: P allowable =P max_rated ×f(T cell ), where f(T cell ) is a function that decreases with increasing temperature. This reduces its energy supply priority in the topology evolution engine. When selecting a path, the algorithm will tend to choose other cell clusters with lower temperatures. When this cell cluster is connected to an expansion module, the signal transmission subunit notifies the module to limit its maximum power consumption and notifies the multi-stage phase change microcavity cooling structure to enhance heat dissipation.

[0098] T normal_max <T cell ≤T warning Medium-risk cell cluster handling: Slightly reduce its energy supply priority in the topology evolution engine as a "second-best option." Maintain continuous monitoring and notify the multi-stage phase change microcavity cooling structure to prepare for enhanced heat dissipation.

[0099] T cell ≤T normal_max Low-risk cell clusters are prioritized for energy scheduling based on their state of charge, health, efficiency, and the overall system energy supply strategy. The topology evolution engine prioritizes power paths from these cell clusters to achieve even load sharing or maximize efficiency.

[0100] Step 3: Energy Supply Network Reconfiguration and Optimization: Based on the aforementioned temperature risk assessment and priority adjustments, the topology evolution engine dynamically updates its internal energy supply topology distribution map. It instructs the integrated variable structure path fusion chip array to adjust the MEMS switching state and reroute energy flows, ensuring that the overall system load requirements are met, overheated cell clusters are effectively "rested" or power-limited, cooler, healthier cell clusters are prioritized, and balanced discharge of cell clusters is achieved, avoiding single point overload and extending overall battery life. In emergency situations, the power supply network can be rapidly reconfigured to achieve fault-tolerant energy supply.

[0101] Step 4: Feedback and Adaptive Adjustment: The input, decision, and actual effect of each temperature scheduling and power adjustment are recorded. The topology evolution engine quantifies scores based on preset performance indicators such as average cell temperature rise, system efficiency, and battery life. Using an iterative optimization algorithm, the topology evolution engine adaptively adjusts its internal logical judgment weights and decision thresholds. If a temperature scheduling strategy is found to result in a decrease in overall efficiency, it will fine-tune the parameters for the next decision. If a cell cluster exhibits an excessively rapid temperature rise even at normal temperatures, its priority may be dynamically downgraded. Specific embodiment four:

[0103] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, based on the content in the above specific embodiments, the following contents are further disclosed:

[0104] In order to further verify the feasibility of this application and the significant features of the technical solution in actual use, the following application case contents are further disclosed:

[0105] Application Case 1: Outdoor Adventure and Emergency Rescue:

[0106] Application Scenario: In mountainous environments, in addition to conventional lighting and communication equipment, emergency charging, heating, and even powering medical emergency equipment are also required. Traditional mobile power banks have many limitations in power supply strategies, thermal management, and module compatibility. However, this mobile power bank can be connected to multiple independent functional expansion modules as needed: a high-power LED lighting module, a satellite communication module, a medical device charging module for charging portable defibrillators and vital signs monitors, and a rapid heating module for emergency heating or boiling water.

[0107] During the connection process, a magnetic alignment mechanism automatically guides the modules into precise engagement, and the user simply pushes to mechanically lock them. A multimodal, bio-inspired sensor fusion unit instantly identifies each module's functional code and lifecycle data, and begins monitoring the interface for pressure, temperature, and potential micro-defects.

[0108] During normal travel, the expedition team set the rotary encoder to energy-saving mode. Based on this strategy, the topology evolution engine of the multi-node energy routing core prioritized energy allocation from the cell clusters with the best health and charge status, providing intermittent illumination for the high-power LED lighting modules while maintaining continuous power to the satellite communication modules at a lower power level, maintaining contact with the outside world.

[0109] When high-intensity lighting is needed, the lighting module's power demand increases instantly. The topology evolution engine immediately adjusts the integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array, allocating more energy from the currently less-loaded and cooler cell clusters to ensure unimpaired lighting brightness. When a team member suddenly becomes unwell, the medical equipment charging module needs to be activated immediately. This module's instantaneous power demand is extremely high. The topology evolution engine immediately recognizes the medical module's function code and high-priority needs and dynamically adjusts power supply priorities, routing the healthiest and most powerful cell clusters to the medical module via the integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array. This ensures rapid charging and stable power supply, even if this means temporarily reducing or interrupting power to other non-critical modules. When temperatures plummet at night, team members need to use the rapid heating module for warmth. The heating module consumes significant power and generates a high amount of heat. When the heating module operates for extended periods and its internal temperature begins to rise, its built-in multi-stage phase-change microcavity cooling structure activates, absorbing heat and liquefying the solid-state phase-change polymer, effectively suppressing the module's temperature rise. Simultaneously, the temperature-controlled expansion chamber limit compensation device senses the thermal expansion of the heating module and automatically fine-tunes the physical dimensions of the interface, ensuring a tight and reliable connection between the module and the main power module even under high heat output, avoiding poor contact or power outages caused by thermal expansion and contraction. The topology evolution engine also closely monitors the temperature and power consumption of the heating module, prioritizing the coolest cell cluster to distribute the heat load and prevent local overheating.

[0110] After prolonged use, a cell cluster in the main power module malfunctioned due to an internal short circuit. The cell cluster's reverse charge and discharge identification unit and local abnormality bypass device immediately detected the anomaly, and magnetically controlled relay contacts quickly physically isolated it from the main bus. The topology evolution engine quickly sensed this change and immediately reassessed all healthy cell clusters in the physically reconfigurable energy storage array unit. Leveraging the powerful reconfiguration capabilities of the integrated variable structure path fusion chip array, it seamlessly switched and reorganized healthy cell clusters to form a new power supply network, ensuring continuous power supply to medical and communication equipment, allowing the expedition team to face various emergencies. The intelligent management and fault tolerance capabilities of the highly scalable mobile power supply ensured the normal operation of critical equipment and protected the safety of the team members.

[0111] Application Case 1: Mobile Live Broadcasting and Professional Photography:

[0112] Application Scenario: Mobile live streaming and professional video shooting in remote areas require long-term power supply for a variety of devices, including high-performance cameras, external monitors, wireless microphones, and LED fill lights. These devices have varying power requirements and demand extremely high power supply stability. Traditional power banks cannot provide the stability required to power multiple devices simultaneously and under high loads.

[0113] Depending on the shooting task, the photographer connected a high-power USB-C fast charging module to power the camera and monitor, a multi-port USB-A charging module to power wireless microphones and small devices, a high-brightness LED fill light module, and a high-speed data transmission module for real-time live streaming and backup footage. The multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit quickly identified and verified the connection status and functionality of all modules.

[0114] During the live broadcast, the photographer set the rotary encoder to high-power output mode, prioritizing maximum power supply for all connected devices. Based on this strategy, the topology evolution engine dynamically optimizes power paths, ensuring that the integrated variable-structure path fusion chip array consistently provides stable and sufficient current to all devices. When shooting high-frame-rate video, the power consumption of cameras and monitors surges. The multi-node energy routing core immediately senses the load change and quickly adjusts the output combination and routing paths of the cell clusters to seamlessly deliver the required current, avoiding image freezes or device reboots. Prolonged, high-intensity operation of the LED fill light module causes the internal temperature of the LED fill light module to rise. Its built-in multi-stage phase-change microcavity cooling structure absorbs heat through solid-state phase-change polymer, effectively maintaining the lamp temperature within a safe range and preventing overheating and brightness reduction. If the fill light module shows signs of overheating, the topology evolution engine dynamically adjusts power supply priority, slightly reducing its current and prioritizing the coolest cell cluster. Furthermore, the temperature-controlled expansion cavity limit compensation device fine-tunes the interface position to ensure connection stability.

[0115] The high-speed data transmission module consumes significant energy when uploading live data or backing up footage. The topology evolution engine dynamically adjusts energy allocation based on transmission needs to ensure data transmission bandwidth and stability. When the main power module was accidentally touched, the high-speed data transmission module interface was subjected to slight external force. The module's piezoelectric film sensor immediately detected the uneven force and slight vibration. The topology evolution engine, through data fusion, identified this as an unstable connection warning. Even if the physical disconnect threshold had not been reached, the system automatically switched the module's power supply path to the redundant MEMS link in the integrated variable structure path fusion chip array. Simultaneously, a warning message indicating that the data module connection may be unstable and requiring inspection was displayed on the main power module's display. This alert allowed the photographer to promptly check and re-stabilize the module, avoiding data transmission interruption or damage caused by an unstable connection.

[0116] Through the intelligent management and multi-functional combination capabilities of the highly expandable mobile power supply, photographers can focus on creation without worrying about equipment power supply issues, improving the efficiency and reliability of outdoor live broadcasts and shooting.

[0117] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprising a reference structure" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0118] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Sp1: Provides a main power module with a modular locking interface. The main power module includes a physically reconfigurable energy storage array unit, an energy partition isolation management system integrated on the main printed circuit board, and a multi-node energy routing core with self-adjusting energy load channels. Sp2: Provides multiple independent functional expansion modules. Each expansion module has a mechanical locking structure, a multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit, a unique function code and life cycle label, and is connected to the main power module through a magnetic alignment structure. Sp3. The energy routing core of the main power module integrates a variable structure path fusion chip array and is equipped with a topology evolution engine. It automatically establishes an energy topology distribution map based on the multimodal sensor data, function coding and response characteristics of the expansion module, autonomously evolves a multi-path fault-tolerant energy supply network and dynamically defines energy supply priorities; Sp4. The energy storage array unit is composed of multiple independent battery cell clusters, each of which has a reversible polarity path construction unit, supports dynamic access to heterogeneous batteries and automatic control of energy direction, and is connected to the bus through a power management chip, and combined with a partitioned temperature sensing network to achieve distributed energy scheduling in temperature zones; Sp5. Users can set different energy supply strategy combinations through the rotary encoder on the main power module. The combination mechanism has a limit interlocking circuit structure to avoid misoperation; the panel is identified by mechanical dialing and knob rotation; Sp6. After the expansion module is connected, it can automatically identify its type and current environmental status through the multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit in the expansion module. If abnormal current, abnormal heat source or physical connection abnormality is detected, the misconnection self-blocking mechanism in the main power module is automatically activated; Sp7. The main power module supports the structural thermal response self-calibration mechanism of the expansion module. The expansion module shell is equipped with a multi-order phase change micro-cavity cooling structure and a temperature-controlled expansion cavity limit compensation device, which can automatically adjust the module plug-in posture during high-load thermal expansion.

2. The multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular locking interface includes a pair of inclined guide rails, which cooperate with the electrical contacts provided at the end of the main power module. A positioning guide slot structure is formed between the inclined surface of the guide rail and the plug-in module. The electrical contacts are encapsulated on a plastic shell, forming an integrated plug-in self-positioning contact assembly.

3. The multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy partition isolation management system consists of a main power supply sub-unit, a signal transmission sub-unit and a redundant protection sub-unit. The three are logically isolated through a directional on-off channel located on the inner side of the printed circuit board. A low-power heterogeneous switch tube array is embedded in the channel. The switch tube is controlled to open and close by a unidirectional capacitor charging and discharging module.

4. The multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bypass switching module is connected in series between the output end of each battery cell cluster in the energy storage array unit and the bus. The bypass switching module includes a magnetically controlled relay contact and a bidirectional voltage detection branch circuit. The voltage detection branch circuit is provided with a redundant conduction circuit, and a full-bridge circuit is connected between the two ends of any battery cell cluster.

5. The multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The path fusion chip array in the multi-node energy routing core is encapsulated with multiple micro-electromechanical system controllable conductive elements, and each conductive element is arranged into a micro-electromechanical system switch matrix. Each node is interconnected through an integrated silicon substrate connection bridge, and a local reverse bias resistor matrix is ​​encapsulated on the outside.

6. The multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management chip consists of a bidirectional MOS transistor connected in parallel and a T-shaped embedded thermistor ceramic sheet. A metal heat sink is provided at the pin of the MOS transistor. The thermistor ceramic sheet is fixed on an insulating support plate. A thermal threshold conduction coupling circuit is provided on the outside of the structure.

7. The multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary encoder includes a multi-section elastic eccentric wheel arranged axially. The eccentric wheel is driven by the central rotating shaft and pushes the interlocking limit spring located on the back of the control panel in sequence during rotation. The limit spring relies on the stepped grooves of adjacent sections to generate physical alignment feedback, and the bottom of the groove is integrated with a contact terminal array.

8. The multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multimodal bio-inspired sensor fusion unit includes: a piezoelectric film sensor, which is arranged on the contact surface of the expansion module interface; an electronic component temperature sensor, which is deployed in the key hot spot area and near the interface of the expansion module; the unique function code and life cycle tag is a near-field communication NFC tag, which is built into the expansion module.

9. The multifunctional combined use method of a highly expandable mobile power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage phase change microcavity cooling structure includes a porous metal microstructure skeleton, a layer of flaky thermal conductive graphite material is filled inside the skeleton, the surface of the graphite material is coated with a solid phase change polymer, the phase change material and the skeleton are bonded via a fine thermal interface coating and embedded in the groove of the module shell.

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