Cassette structure and nucleic acid extraction cassette

Abstract

According to the clamping box structure and the nucleic acid extraction clamping box, a clamping box main body is matched with a mounting cavity, an extraction cavity, a buffer cavity, a waste liquid collection cavity, a liquid transfer channel, an eluent input port, a cleaning liquid input port, a combination liquid input port, a lysis solution input port, an extraction pipe interface, a collection pipe interface, a first plunger interface and a second plunger interface; the full-sealing design is achieved, and external pollution is prevented; automatic operation of the clamping box in the nucleic acid extraction instrument is facilitated, complete integration of kit preloading and extraction is realized in the automatic operation process of the clamping box, and the purity and the product concentration of a nucleic acid extraction product are improved; a universal magnetic bead method and a silica gel membrane method are compatible, extracted products can be independently stored, additional liquid transfer operation is not needed, and therefore the method is suitable for various downstream molecular biology experiments; by matching with a plunger structure, air pump equipment such as a vacuum pump does not need to be adopted in the nucleic acid extraction instrument, so that the risk of cross contamination between the interior of the instrument and the interior of the clamping box structure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of nucleic acid extraction, and in particular to a cartridge structure and a nucleic acid extraction cartridge. Background Art

[0002] Fully automatic nucleic acid extraction technology is one of the core supporting technologies in the field of modern biomedicine. Through highly integrated and intelligent equipment, it achieves efficient and precise separation and purification of nucleic acids (DNA / RNA) from biological samples.

[0003] Traditional fully automated nucleic acid extraction systems integrate sample lysis, nucleic acid adsorption, washing, and elution steps through chemical, physical, and mechanical means. The automated process typically utilizes a robotic arm combined with programmed control to achieve standardized, unmanned operation. The core advantages of fully automated nucleic acid extraction systems include: 1) enabling high-throughput sample processing, significantly improving efficiency compared to manual labor; 2) enabling precise control of temperature, time, and liquid volume to reduce human error and ensure consistent results, resulting in high accuracy and repeatability; and 2) being compatible with multiple sample types, including blood, tissue, viruses, and deep-sea microorganisms, and supporting the co-extraction of nucleic acids and proteins, resulting in high adaptability.

[0004] However, the nucleic acid extraction cartridges of traditional fully automatic nucleic acid extraction systems require a lot of manual intervention, and the use of vacuum pumps to provide a negative pressure environment is prone to external contamination. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a cartridge structure and a nucleic acid extraction cartridge.

[0006] One embodiment of the present application is a cartridge structure, comprising a cartridge body and an installation cavity, an extraction cavity, a buffer cavity, a waste liquid collection cavity, a liquid transfer channel, an eluent input port, a cleaning liquid input port, a binding liquid input port, a lysis liquid input port, an extraction tube interface, a collection tube interface, a first plunger interface, and a second plunger interface, which are provided in the cartridge body; the waste liquid collection cavity, the eluent input port, the cleaning liquid input port, the binding liquid input port, the lysis liquid input port, the extraction tube interface, the collection tube interface, and the first plunger interface are respectively connected to the extraction cavity in the installation cavity through the liquid transfer channel; the extraction tube interface is used to connect the extraction tube; the buffer cavity is connected to the first plunger interface, and is used to connect the first plunger structure; the waste liquid collection cavity is also connected to the second plunger interface, and the second plunger interface is used to connect the second plunger structure.

[0007] The above-mentioned cartridge structure, through the cooperation of the cartridge body and the installation chamber, extraction chamber, buffer chamber, waste liquid collection chamber, liquid transfer channel, eluent inlet, cleaning liquid inlet, binding liquid inlet, lysis liquid inlet, extraction tube interface, collection tube interface, first plunger interface, and second plunger interface, is applied to nucleic acid extraction. On the one hand, it realizes a fully sealed design to prevent external contamination, protects the safety of experimental personnel and the environment, simplifies the operation process, reduces manual intervention, and improves the level of automation; on the other hand, it is conducive to the automatic operation of the cartridge in the nucleic acid extraction instrument, and realizes a 1:1 complete integration of reagent kit pre-installation and extraction during the automatic operation of the cartridge. On the one hand, it is also conducive to cooperating with the negative pressure design to realize the drying and flow channel cleaning steps in the cartridge, thereby improving the purity and concentration of the nucleic acid extraction product; on the other hand, it is conducive to being compatible with the processing requirements of liquid sample volumes from 100 microliters to 2000 microliters, and is compatible with the general magnetic bead method and silica gel membrane method. By cooperating with the extraction product collection device, the extraction product can be stored independently without the need for additional liquid transfer operations, and is therefore suitable for a variety of downstream molecular biology experiments; on the other hand, it can be combined with the plunger structure so that there is no need to use air pump equipment such as a vacuum pump inside the nucleic acid extraction instrument, thereby reducing the risk of cross-contamination between the inside of the instrument and the inside of the cartridge structure.

[0008] In some embodiments, a nucleic acid extraction cartridge includes a gate valve assembly and a cartridge structure of any embodiment, wherein the gate valve assembly is disposed in an installation cavity of the cartridge structure for gate at least two liquid transfer channels of the cartridge structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge described in this application.

[0010] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another schematic diagram of the embodiment shown.

[0011] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the embodiment shown.

[0012] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the embodiment shown.

[0013] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the embodiment shown.

[0014] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the embodiment shown.

[0015] Figure 7 for Figure 6Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0016] Figure 8 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 4 Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0017] Figure 9 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0018] Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 10 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 5 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0019] Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 11 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 10 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0020] Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 12 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 10 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0021] Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 13 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 12 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0022] Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 14 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 12 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0023] Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 15 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0024] Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Figure 16 Another direction view of the embodiment shown. Another direction view of the embodiment shown.

[0025] Reference signs: cartridge structure 100, extraction tube 200, collection tube 300, plunger structure 400, first plunger structure 410, silica column 411, macroporous extraction medium 412, second plunger structure 420, water-resistant and air-permeable membrane 500, first water-resistant and air-permeable membrane 510, second water-resistant and air-permeable membrane 520, third water-resistant and air-permeable membrane 530, gating valve assembly 600, silica membrane 610, rotary valve transfer liquid interface 611, rotary valve 620, rotary valve cover 630, buffer zone 631, nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900; mounting cavity 101, buffer cavity 103, waste liquid collection cavity 104, channel indication site 105, cartridge main body 110, eluent storage area 120, washing liquid storage area 130, first washing liquid storage area 131, second washing liquid storage area 132, binding liquid storage area 140, lysis liquid storage area 150, extraction tube interface 160, collection tube interface 170, collection tube air inlet 171, first plunger interface 181, second plunger interface 182, liquid transfer channel 190, first liquid transfer channel 191, second liquid transfer channel 192, third liquid transfer channel 193, fourth liquid transfer channel 194, fifth liquid transfer channel 195, sixth liquid transfer channel 196, seventh liquid transfer channel 197, eighth liquid transfer channel 198, ninth liquid transfer channel 199. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more readily apparent, a detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application is provided below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a central component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in the present specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features designated "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly defined. In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and defined, the first feature "above" or "below" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly in contact with the second feature, or the first feature and the second feature are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the specification of this application have the same meaning as those generally understood by technicians in the technical field of this application. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and or" used in the specification of this application includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. The following is combined with Figures 1 to 16 , the cartridge structure and nucleic acid extraction cartridge are described in detail.

[0027] Due to the driving force of the microfluidic cartridge, the magnetic beads and liquid in the traditional cartridge are often mixed by transferring liquid and ultrasonic mixing. However, the mixing efficiency of liquid transfer is low, and the solution produces magnetic beads loss; ultrasonic mixing easily generates a large amount of heat and causes certain damage to the extracted nucleic acid, affecting downstream experimental applications; in some embodiments, a nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a gate valve assembly 600 and a cartridge structure 100, wherein the cartridge structure 100 is any embodiment of the cartridge structure 100, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 The gate valve assembly 600 is disposed in the mounting cavity 101 of the cartridge structure 100, and is combined with Figure 4 andFigure 5 , the selection valve assembly 600 is used to select at least two liquid transfer channels 190 of the cartridge structure 100. Since the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 adopts the cartridge structure 100 of any embodiment, the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 also has the beneficial technical effects of the cartridge structure 100, which will not be described in detail here. Moreover, the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 can be used in fully automatic extraction equipment, and provides convenience for downstream applications and ensures experimental safety by integrating multiple modules, such as robotic arm assembly lines, ultraviolet disinfection modules, and negative pressure anti-pollution modules; and in terms of fully automatic extraction consumables, miniaturized chips represented by microfluidic technology integrate lysis and purification, so that their products can be directly used in rapid detection scenarios of molecular diagnosis. Therefore, the nucleic acid extraction cartridges 900 of each embodiment can be called fully automatic nucleic acid extraction cartridges. In conjunction with the design of the cartridge structure 100, the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 optimizes the design and material screening of microfluidic cartridge consumables, achieving 1:1 complete integration of reagent kit pre-installation and extraction, thereby improving the purity and concentration of nucleic acid extraction products; optimizing the design of microfluidic cartridge consumables, compatible with liquid sample volumes from 100 microliters to 2000 microliters; achieving a fully sealed design to prevent external contamination, protecting the safety of experimenters and the environment; simplifying the operating process, reducing manual intervention, and improving the level of automation; adding an extraction product collection device to make the extraction product suitable for a variety of downstream molecular biology experiments.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the selection valve assembly 600 includes a silicone membrane 610, a rotary valve 620 and a rotary valve cover 630; the rotary valve 620 is at least partially arranged in the installation cavity 101, the rotary valve cover 630 is covered on the rotary valve 620, and the silicone membrane 610 is arranged on the rotary valve cover 630; the silicone membrane 610 is provided with a rotary valve transfer liquid interface 611, the rotary valve transfer liquid interface 611 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the liquid transfer channel 190, and the rotary valve transfer liquid interface 611 selects the connected liquid transfer channel 190 through the rotary valve 620. As an example, the silicone membrane 610 is embedded in the rotary valve cover 630. For example, as Figure 3 and Figure 9As shown, one end of each liquid transfer channel 190, i.e., the end away from each interface, is connected to a corresponding rotary valve liquid transfer interface 611 on the silicone membrane 610. The rotary valve 620 is then selected via a buffer area 631 on the rotary valve cover 630, i.e., connected to the valve or valve path of the rotary valve 620, so that each liquid transfer channel 190 can be selected by the rotary valve 620 via the corresponding rotary valve liquid transfer interface 611. For example, the buffer area 631 serves as the extraction chamber. This design, on the one hand, allows the cartridge structure 100 to precisely control the connection and disconnection of the liquid transfer channels 190 during nucleic acid extraction through the rotation of the rotary valve 620, thereby achieving precise transfer and control of different reagents and liquid samples. On the other hand, the use of the silicone membrane 610 not only enhances the sealing performance of the selection valve assembly 600, further preventing liquid leakage and external contamination, but also improves the durability and reliability of the selection valve assembly 600, extending its service life. On the other hand, the cooperation between the rotary valve 620 and the rotary valve cover 630 makes the operation of the selection valve assembly 600 simpler and more efficient, reduces manual intervention, and improves the automation and accuracy of nucleic acid extraction.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 further includes an extraction tube 200, a collection tube 300, a plunger structure 400, and a water-blocking and breathable membrane 500; the extraction tube 200 is connected to the extraction tube interface 160 of the cartridge structure 100; Figure 3 and Figure 8 The collecting tube 300 is connected to the collecting tube interface 170 of the cartridge structure 100; the plunger structure 400 includes a first plunger structure 410 and a second plunger structure 420, the first plunger structure 410 is connected to the buffer chamber 103 of the cartridge structure 100, and the second plunger structure 420 is connected to the second plunger interface 182 of the cartridge structure 100; the water-blocking and breathable membrane 500 includes a first water-blocking and breathable membrane 510 and a second water-blocking and breathable membrane 520, the first water-blocking and breathable membrane 510 is entirely covered on the cartridge structure The first water-blocking, breathable membrane 510 is disposed over the eluent inlet, cleaning liquid inlet, binding liquid inlet, and lysate inlet of the cartridge structure 100, or the first water-blocking, breathable membrane 510 is disposed entirely over the eluent storage area 120, cleaning liquid storage area 130, binding liquid storage area 140, and lysate storage area 150 of the cartridge structure 100; the second water-blocking, breathable membrane 520 is disposed over the collection tube air inlet 171 of the cartridge structure 100; illustratively, the water-blocking, breathable membrane is a polytetrafluoroethylene film, which is breathable but water-impermeable. Exemplarily, the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 further includes a sealing membrane, which is disposed over the second plunger structure 420 or the second plunger interface 182 of the cartridge structure 100. Exemplarily, the first plunger structure 410 is a 10 mL silica gel column or plunger member, and the second plunger structure 420 is a 50 mL or 500 mL plunger member.

[0030] Such a design, on the one hand, the extraction tube 200 is connected to the extraction chamber, and the collection tube 300 is connected to the collection tube interface 170. This design allows the sample and extraction product during the nucleic acid extraction process to be accurately transferred and collected in the cartridge structure 100. Moreover, through this connection method, it can be ensured that the sample will not leak during the extraction process, and the extraction product can be accurately collected, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of nucleic acid extraction. Moreover, the connection method of the extraction tube 200 and the collection tube 300 is also convenient for docking with external equipment such as automatic nucleic acid extractors, further improving the degree of automation of nucleic acid extraction, reducing manual operation steps, and reducing human errors. On the other hand, the first plunger structure 410 is connected to the buffer chamber 103, and the second plunger structure 420 is connected to the second plunger interface 182. This design allows the cartridge structure 100 to achieve precise control and transfer of liquid through the plunger structure 400 during the nucleic acid extraction process. The plunger structure 400 can provide stable liquid pressure, ensuring that the liquid flows smoothly and controllably in the cartridge, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of nucleic acid extraction; and the application of the plunger structure 400 also avoids the use of air pump equipment such as a vacuum pump, reducing the risk of cross-contamination between the inside of the instrument and the inside of the cartridge structure 100, and improving the safety and reliability of nucleic acid extraction. On the other hand, the first water-blocking and breathable membrane 510 is entirely covered on the eluent input port, the cleaning liquid input port, the binding liquid input port and the lysis liquid input port, or is covered on the eluent storage area 120, the cleaning liquid storage area 130, the binding liquid storage area 140 and the lysis liquid storage area 150. This design can effectively prevent liquid leakage during the input process, while allowing gas to pass freely, ensuring that the liquid can smoothly enter the interior of the cartridge structure 100, thereby improving the stability and safety of nucleic acid extraction; and, the second water-blocking and breathable membrane 520 is covered on the collection tube air inlet 171, which can prevent liquid from entering the collection tube air inlet 171, while allowing gas to pass freely, ensuring pressure balance in the collection tube 300, avoiding liquid reflux or leakage caused by pressure changes, further improving the reliability and safety of nucleic acid extraction, and realizing full sealing, automation, high efficiency and high purity of the nucleic acid extraction process, while reducing the risk of cross contamination, improving the safety and reliability of nucleic acid extraction, and being suitable for a variety of molecular biology experiments. On the other hand, for the embodiment with a sealing film, the sealing film is covered on the second plunger structure 420 or the second plunger interface 182. This design can further enhance the sealing performance of the cartridge structure 100, prevent liquid leakage during the operation of the plunger structure 400, ensure the full sealing of the nucleic acid extraction process, and improve the purity and quality of the nucleic acid extraction; and the use of the sealing film can also extend the service life of the cartridge structure 100, reduce equipment damage and maintenance costs caused by liquid leakage, and improve the economy and practicality of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900.

[0031] In some embodiments, a cartridge structure 100 is as follows Figure 9 As shown, it includes a card box body 110 and a mounting cavity 101 opened in the card box body 110, combined with Figure 8 The cartridge structure 100 further includes an extraction chamber, a buffer chamber 103, a waste liquid collection chamber 104, a liquid transfer channel 190, an eluent input port, a cleaning liquid input port, a binding liquid input port, a lysate input port, an extraction tube interface 160, a collection tube interface 170, a first plunger interface 181, and a second plunger interface 182, which are provided in the cartridge body 110; the waste liquid collection chamber 104, the eluent input port, the cleaning liquid input port, the binding liquid input port, the lysate input port, the extraction tube interface 160, the collection tube interface 170, the first plunger interface 181, and the second plunger interface 182. Interface 170 and first plunger interface 181 are connected to the extraction chamber in mounting chamber 101 via liquid transfer channel 190, meaning the extraction chamber is part of mounting chamber 101 and is located within mounting chamber 101. Extraction tube interface 160 is used to connect to extraction tube 200. The buffer chamber 103 is connected to first plunger interface 181 and is used to connect to first plunger structure 410. The waste liquid collection chamber 104 is also connected to second plunger interface 182, which is used to connect to second plunger structure 420. As an example, mounting chamber 101 is used to install a selection valve assembly 600 to select each liquid transfer channel 190. Such a design, through the cooperation of the cartridge body 110 and the installation cavity 101, the extraction cavity, the buffer cavity 103, the waste liquid collection cavity 104, the liquid transfer channel 190, the eluent input port, the cleaning liquid input port, the binding liquid input port, the lysis liquid input port, the extraction tube interface 160, the collection tube interface 170, the first plunger interface 181, and the second plunger interface 182, is applied to nucleic acid extraction. On the one hand, a fully sealed design is realized to prevent external contamination, protect the safety of the experimenter and the environment, simplify the operation process, reduce manual intervention, and improve the level of automation; on the other hand, it is conducive to the automatic operation of the cartridge in the nucleic acid extraction instrument, and the pre-installation of the reagent kit is realized during the automatic operation of the cartridge. The 1:1 full integration of extraction and extraction is also beneficial for cooperating with the negative pressure design to realize the drying and flow channel cleaning steps in the cartridge, thereby improving the purity and concentration of the nucleic acid extraction product; on the other hand, it is beneficial to be compatible with the processing requirements of liquid sample volumes from 100 microliters to 2000 microliters, and is compatible with the general magnetic bead method and silica gel membrane method. By cooperating with the extraction product collection device, the extraction product can be stored independently without the need for additional liquid transfer operations, and is therefore suitable for a variety of downstream molecular biology experiments; on the other hand, it can be combined with the plunger structure so that there is no need to use air pump equipment such as a vacuum pump inside the nucleic acid extraction instrument, thereby reducing the risk of cross-contamination between the inside of the instrument and the inside of the cartridge structure 100.

[0032] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the cartridge structure 100 further includes an eluent storage area 120, a cleaning solution storage area 130, a binding solution storage area 140, and a lysate storage area 150, all disposed within the cartridge body 110. The eluent storage area 120 is connected to the eluent input port, the cleaning solution storage area 130 is connected to the cleaning solution input port, the binding solution storage area 140 is connected to the binding solution input port, and the lysate storage area 150 is connected to the lysate input port. In some embodiments, there are two cleaning solution input ports, with the cleaning solution storage area 130 including a first cleaning solution storage area 131 and a second cleaning solution storage area 132, the first cleaning solution storage area 131 being connected to one cleaning solution input port, and the second cleaning solution storage area 132 being connected to the other cleaning solution input port. Alternatively, the eluent storage area 120 is integrally provided with the eluent input port, the cleaning solution storage area 130 is integrally provided with the cleaning solution input port, the binding solution storage area 140 is integrally provided with the binding solution input port, and the lysate storage area 150 is integrally provided with the lysate input port. On the one hand, such a design improves the integration of the cartridge. By directly opening the eluent storage area 120, the cleaning liquid storage area 130, the binding liquid storage area 140 and the lysis liquid storage area 150 in the cartridge body 110 and connecting them to the corresponding input ports, this integrated design enables the cartridge structure 100 to realize the pre-installation and storage of reagents, reduces the use of external reagent containers, simplifies the experimental operation process, and improves the automation level of nucleic acid extraction; and the integrated reagent storage area not only saves space, but also reduces the loss and contamination risk of reagents during the transfer process, ensures the purity and stability of the reagents, and thus improves the accuracy and reliability of nucleic acid extraction. On the other hand, there are two cleaning liquid input ports, and the cleaning liquid storage area 130 is divided into a first cleaning liquid storage area 131 and a second cleaning liquid storage area 132. This design can store different types of cleaning liquids according to different cleaning steps and needs; for example, the first cleaning liquid can be used for preliminary cleaning, and the second cleaning liquid can be used for deep cleaning, thereby improving the cleaning effect and ensuring the purity and quality during the nucleic acid extraction process; and the design of multiple cleaning liquid storage areas also increases the flexibility and adaptability of the card box structure 100, which can meet different experimental conditions and requirements, and improves the versatility and practicality of the card box. On the other hand, the integrated arrangement of the eluent storage area 120 and the eluent input port, the cleaning liquid storage area 130 and the cleaning liquid input port, the binding liquid storage area 140 and the binding liquid input port, and the lysis liquid storage area 150 and the lysis liquid input port further simplifies the design and manufacturing process of the cartridge structure 100, reduces the use of connecting components, reduces the risk of leakage, and improves the sealing performance and reliability of the cartridge; and the integrated design also reduces the transfer steps of the liquid during the input and storage process, improves operational efficiency, reduces human errors, and further improves the degree of automation and accuracy of nucleic acid extraction.On the other hand, by directly setting up a reagent storage area in the cartridge body 110 and connecting it to the corresponding input port, the cartridge structure 100 can realize the instant supply of reagents, reduce the time for reagent preparation and transfer, and improve the efficiency of nucleic acid extraction; and the integrated reagent storage area and fully sealed design effectively prevent external contamination and liquid leakage, protect the safety of experimental personnel and the environment, while also ensuring the purity and quality of the nucleic acid extraction product, realizing the pre-installation and storage of reagents, improving the automation level, efficiency and safety of nucleic acid extraction, and increasing the flexibility and adaptability of the cartridge, making it suitable for a variety of experimental conditions and requirements, and suitable for a variety of molecular biology experiments. That is, such a design, combined with the plunger structure 400 to provide negative pressure, enables the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 to enhance the fully sealed design, which is conducive to preventing external contamination and protecting the safety of experimental personnel and the environment; and simplifies the operating process, reduces manual intervention, and improves the level of automation; it can also be applied to a variety of types of samples and dosages, and is suitable for a variety of downstream molecular biology experiments.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the eluent storage area 120, the cleaning liquid storage area 130, the binding liquid storage area 140, and the lysate storage area 150 are arranged side by side and are configured to be arranged side by side with the extraction tube 200 and the first plunger structure 410. In other embodiments, the eluent storage area 120, the cleaning liquid storage area 130, the binding liquid storage area 140, and the lysate storage area 150 can also be respectively arranged at other locations in the cartridge body 110, simply by cooperating with the liquid transfer channel 190 and the selection valve assembly 600 to select each liquid transfer channel 190. This design, on the one hand, the side-by-side arrangement layout makes the internal space of the cartridge structure 100 more rational, facilitates the transfer and operation of liquids, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of nucleic acid extraction. At the same time, this layout also facilitates docking and integration with external equipment such as automatic nucleic acid extraction instruments, further improving the automation level of nucleic acid extraction. On the other hand, this flexible layout increases the adaptability and versatility of the cartridge structure 100, can meet the requirements of different experimental conditions and operating procedures, and improves the flexibility and practicality of the cartridge.

[0034] In some embodiments, the extraction chamber is configured as a pre-installed mixing rotor; this allows the sample and reagents to be fully mixed and homogenized in the extraction chamber during the nucleic acid extraction process, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of nucleic acid extraction; in addition, the pre-installed mixing rotor reduces the number of operating steps, simplifies the experimental process, and reduces the risk of cross-contamination.

[0035] In some of these embodiments, the eluent storage area 120 is configured to be pre-loaded with eluent; this allows the eluent to be stored in the cartridge structure 100 in advance, reducing the preparation time before the experiment and improving the convenience of operation; and, the pre-loaded eluent ensures the timeliness and accuracy of the elution step, thereby improving the efficiency and purity of nucleic acid extraction.

[0036] In some embodiments, the cleaning liquid storage area 130 is configured to be pre-loaded with cleaning liquid; this allows the cleaning liquid to be stored in the cartridge structure 100 in advance, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the cleaning step; and, the pre-loaded cleaning liquid simplifies the experimental process, reduces the number of operating steps, and reduces the risk of cross-contamination, thereby improving the purity and quality of nucleic acid extraction.

[0037] In some embodiments, the binding fluid storage area 140 is configured as a pre-loaded binding fluid. With this design, the binding fluid can be stored in the cartridge structure 100 in advance, reducing the preparation time before the experiment and improving the convenience of operation. Moreover, the pre-loaded binding fluid ensures the timeliness and accuracy of the binding step, thereby improving the efficiency and purity of nucleic acid extraction.

[0038] In some of the embodiments, the lysis solution storage area 150 is configured to be pre-loaded with lysis solution. As an example, the extraction chamber is configured to be pre-loaded with a mixing rotor; the eluent storage area 120 is configured to be pre-loaded with eluent; the cleaning solution storage area 130 is configured to be pre-loaded with cleaning solution; the binding solution storage area 140 is configured to be pre-loaded with binding solution; the lysis solution storage area 150 is configured to be pre-loaded with lysis solution; and the remaining embodiments are similar and will not be described in detail. With such a design, the lysis solution can be stored in the cartridge structure 100 in advance, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the lysis step. The pre-loaded lysis solution simplifies the experimental process, reduces the number of operating steps, reduces the risk of cross-contamination, and improves the efficiency and quality of nucleic acid extraction. In the above-mentioned related embodiments, the extraction chamber is pre-installed with a mixing rotor, and the eluent storage area 120, the cleaning liquid storage area 130, the binding liquid storage area 140 and the lysis liquid storage area 150 are pre-installed with corresponding reagents. These designs improve the efficiency, purity and quality of nucleic acid extraction, while simplifying the experimental process, reducing the number of operating steps, reducing the risk of cross-contamination, and improving the convenience of operation and the practicality of the cartridge structure 100.

[0039] As an example, the extraction tube interface 160 can be used as a sample loading port directly in addition to accessing the extraction tube 200, by adding raw sample through the extraction tube 200 or directly adding raw sample such as blood, tissue lysate, etc. at the extraction tube interface 160, which is usually equipped with a water-resistant and air-permeable membrane to allow gas to escape but prevent liquid leakage. The to-be-extracted substance in the extraction tube 200 enters the extraction chamber for preliminary lysis of the sample, such as cell disruption and mixing, to release target molecules such as DNA, etc. The rotary valve 620 controls the flow of liquid to ensure that different reagents enter the extraction chamber in sequence to achieve automation of the process. The plunger interface includes a first plunger interface 181 and a second plunger interface 182 to achieve quantitative transfer of liquid in a plunger-driven manner. The first plunger interface 181 is connected to the first plunger structure 410, which can be small in volume, such as 10 ml, for sample loading. The second plunger interface 182 is connected to the second plunger structure 420, which can be large in volume, such as 50 ml or 100 ml, for providing negative pressure. The waste liquid collection chamber 104 collects waste liquid for separation of waste liquid, including lysate residues and impurities, etc. The eluted and collected target product after elution by the elution liquid in the elution liquid storage area 120 is collected into a separate collection tube 300, such as a PCR tube or an EP tube.

[0040] The lysate storage area 150 is used to store lysate for destroying cell membranes or cell walls to release nucleic acids. The binding liquid storage area 140 is used to store binding liquid for adsorbing nucleic acids to extraction media such as silica gel membrane, etc. The washing liquid storage area 130 is used to store washing liquid, such as the first washing liquid storage area 131 for storing first washing liquid and the second washing liquid storage area 132 for storing second washing liquid, for removing impurities such as proteins and salts. The elution liquid storage area 120 is used to store elution liquid such as low ionic strength solution for eluting purified nucleic acids from extraction media such as silica gel membrane. As an example, the reagent cavities and capacities on the cartridge structure 100 or the cartridge body 110 thereof are highly matched with conventional nucleic acid extraction reagent kit components, and all reagents are preloaded to enhance universality. In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 9As shown, the cartridge structure 100 further comprises passage indication sites 105 disposed on the cartridge body 110, each passage indication site 105 is disposed in one-to-one correspondence with each liquid transfer passage 190, and each passage indication site 105 is configured to surround the mounting cavity 101 for identifying the position of each liquid transfer passage 190. That is, there are as many passage indication sites 105 as there are liquid transfer passages 190, each passage indication site 105 corresponds to one liquid transfer passage 190, and each liquid transfer passage 190 also corresponds to one passage indication site 105. Such a design, on the one hand, enables the operator to quickly and accurately identify the position of each liquid transfer passage 190, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of operation. On the other hand, the setting of the passage indication site 105 reduces the liquid transfer error caused by misoperation, ensures the smooth progress of the nucleic acid extraction process, and also facilitates the maintenance and cleaning of the cartridge structure 100.

[0041] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the mounting cavity 101 has a target circular shape; as an example, the size of the target circle is set according to the size of the gating valve assembly 600 or its rotary valve 620, or according to the valve position of the rotary valve 620. In combination with Figure 12 and Figure 13 , the liquid transfer passage 190 connected by the first plunger interface 181 communicates with the center position of the target circle; the remaining liquid transfer passages 190 communicate with the circumferential position of the target circle, for cooperation with the gating valve assembly 600 to select each liquid transfer passage 190 in a rotating manner. In combination with Figure 14As an example and not a limitation, the liquid transfer channel 190 includes a first liquid transfer channel 191 to a ninth liquid transfer channel 199. The first plunger interface 181 is connected to the first liquid transfer channel 191, the extraction tube interface 160 is connected to the second liquid transfer channel 192, the lysate input port is connected to the third liquid transfer channel 193, the combined liquid input port is connected to the fourth liquid transfer channel 194, the first cleaning liquid storage area 131 is connected to the fifth liquid transfer channel 195 through the first cleaning liquid input port, the second cleaning liquid storage area 132 is connected to the sixth liquid transfer channel 196 through the second cleaning liquid input port, the eluent input port is connected to the seventh liquid transfer channel 197, the collection tube interface 170 is connected to the eighth liquid transfer channel 198, and the waste liquid collection chamber 104 is connected to the ninth liquid transfer channel 199. The remaining embodiments are similar and will not be described in detail. This design, on the one hand, by designing the mounting cavity 101 into a target circular shape and positioning the liquid transfer channel 190 connected to the first plunger interface 181 at the center of the circle, and the remaining liquid transfer channels 190 at the circumference, enables the selection valve assembly 600 to accurately select each liquid transfer channel 190 through a rotational action; and this design improves the accuracy and reliability of liquid transfer, ensuring the smooth progress of each step in the nucleic acid extraction process. On the other hand, the target circular mounting cavity 101 design makes the layout of the liquid transfer channels 190 more compact and reasonable, making full use of the space within the cartridge body 110. This compact design not only reduces the overall size of the cartridge structure 100, but also improves space utilization, making the cartridge structure 100 more suitable for integration into automated nucleic acid extraction equipment. On the other hand, by selecting each liquid transfer channel 190 through the rotation of the rotary valve 620, this design enables the cartridge structure 100 to better cooperate with automated equipment, reducing manual intervention and improving the degree of automation of nucleic acid extraction. This automated operation not only improves efficiency, but also reduces human error, improving the accuracy and repeatability of nucleic acid extraction. On the other hand, the size of the target circle can be adjusted based on the size of the gate valve assembly 600 or its rotary valve 620, or set based on the valve position of the rotary valve 620. This flexibility allows the cartridge structure 100 to adapt to gate valve assemblies 600 of different sizes and types, improving the versatility and adaptability of the cartridge structure 100 and meeting different experimental conditions and equipment requirements. Furthermore, the simple rotation of the rotary valve 620 controls the connection and disconnection of the liquid transfer channel 190. This design simplifies the operating process, reduces the number of operating steps, and improves operational convenience and efficiency. Operators can complete liquid transfer operations more quickly, thereby improving the overall efficiency of nucleic acid extraction.

[0042] As an example, the plunger structure 400 is a syringe, an iron ball is provided in the buffer area 631 , and the material of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 is shown in Table 1 below.

[0043] Table 1

[0044] Among them, the iron ball is a 2*2mm PTFE-wrapped iron ball, which is stored in the extraction chamber and used for liquid mixing and magnetic bead mixing.

[0045] The following example illustrates the operation process of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900: S101, sample loading: the extract to be extracted in the extraction tube 200 enters the extraction chamber through the sample injection port; or the extract to be extracted is directly added to the extraction chamber through the sample injection port. This step can be automatically performed by the instrument or manually added. S102, lysis and binding: the lysis solution in the lysis solution storage area 150 and the binding solution in the binding solution storage area 140 are injected in sequence to lyse the cells and fix the nucleic acid. This step can be automatically performed by the instrument. S103, multi-step cleaning: the cleaning solutions in the first cleaning solution storage area 131 and the second cleaning solution storage area 132 are added step by step to remove impurities, and the waste liquid is discharged to the waste liquid collection chamber 104. This step can be automatically performed by the instrument. S104, drying step: negative pressure drive is provided by the second plunger structure 420, such as a 50ml plunger, to enhance the volatilization of ethanol in the extraction tube 200. This step can be automatically performed by the instrument. S105, flow channel cleaning: pre-load 2 to 3 times the amount of eluent, and after drying, clean the rotary valve 620 and the flow channel at the bottom of the extraction chamber with the eluent. This step can be automatically performed by the instrument. S106, elution collection: the eluent in the eluent storage area 120 releases the purified nucleic acid, and the final product enters the collection tube 300. This step can be automatically performed by the instrument. S107, take out for standby use: remove the collection tube, mark it, and store the nucleic acid solution separately; this step can be automatically performed by an instrument such as a robot, or it can be manually operated by the user.

[0046] The following example illustrates the fluid control principle of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900. The extraction method of the silica gel column is as follows: Figure 15 The figure below shows the core process of the nucleic acid extraction system based on silica gel columns. The core steps of the process are explained below.

[0047] Lysate processing: The lysate enters the silica gel column 411 in the 10mL plunger buffer chamber through a rotary valve. The nucleic acids released after cell lysis are adsorbed by the silica gel column, and the waste liquid is discharged through the waste liquid collection chamber at the bottom. A 50mL plunger provides negative pressure driving force, and after the negative pressure is released, the syringe returns to its initial position.

[0048] Binding and capture phase: The binding solution enters the buffer chamber through a rotary valve and then enters the silica gel column 411. The high salt content of the binding solution promotes specific binding of nucleic acids to the silica gel membrane, and impurities are flushed to waste. The 50mL plunger provides negative pressure driving force, and after the negative pressure is released, the syringe returns to its initial position.

[0049] During the multi-stage cleaning phase, the first cleaning solution, the second cleaning solution, and the eluent (i.e., the flow channel cleaning solution) sequentially pass through the rotary valve and enter the buffer chamber to clean the silica gel column. As the cleaning solution passes through silica gel column 411, the water-blocking, breathable membrane allows gas to pass but blocks liquid, preventing cross-contamination. The 50mL plunger provides negative pressure driving the syringe, and once the negative pressure is removed, the syringe returns to its initial position.

[0050] Elution and collection: The eluent enters the 10ml plunger collection chamber through a rotary valve, where the final product is collected. The low-salt eluent disrupts the nucleic acid-silica gel membrane, allowing high-purity nucleic acids to enter the collection chamber.

[0051] The technical implementation principle is described as follows.

[0052] Precise flow control with rotary valves: The rotary valve switches the flow paths of different reagents through mechanical seals, preventing liquid mixing. The valve body uses corrosion-resistant TPE seals to achieve a leak-proof design, and liquids are released sequentially.

[0053] Anti-pollution mechanism: A water-blocking, breathable membrane is used to allow gas to escape but block liquid, ensuring that waste liquid is isolated from the product. As an example, the water-blocking, breathable membrane can be made of ePTFE with a pore size of 0.2μm.

[0054] Plunger buffer chamber pressure balance: 10ml buffer chamber controls liquid flow rate through plunger movement, and 50ml plunger provides negative pressure driving force;

[0055] Anti-bubble design: A gas expansion space is reserved at the top of the cavity to prevent bubbles from interfering with the adsorption of the silica gel column.

[0056] Compatibility: For example, commercial reagents from various companies can be used directly without custom development.

[0057] The following is an example of the fluid control principle of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900. The extraction method of the macroporous extraction medium or magnetic bead method is as follows: Figure 16 As shown, the core process of the nucleic acid extraction system based on macroporous extraction media or magnetic beads is described below.

[0058] Lysate processing: The lysate enters the 10ml plunger buffer chamber via a rotary valve. Nucleic acids released after cell lysis are absorbed by the macroporous extraction medium 412 or magnetic beads, and the waste liquid is discharged through the waste liquid collection chamber at the bottom. The following description uses magnetic beads as an example, but the same process is applicable to macroporous extraction media.

[0059] Binding and capture stage: the binding liquid enters the buffer cavity through the rotary valve, and then under the action of the magnetic beads, the high-salt condition in the binding liquid promotes the specific binding of the nucleic acid and the magnetic beads, and the impurities are washed into the waste liquid. Under the action of the third water-blocking and air-permeable membrane 530, the waste liquid enters the waste liquid collection cavity 104, and the liquid in the waste liquid collection cavity 104 will not overflow under the action of the third water-blocking and air-permeable membrane 530.

[0060] Multi-stage washing stage: the first washing liquid, the second washing liquid and the elution liquid sequentially pass through the rotary valve and sequentially enter the buffer cavity to wash the magnetic beads. In this embodiment, the washing liquid passes through the extraction cavity, and the water-blocking and air-permeable membrane allows gas to pass through but blocks liquid, thereby preventing contamination.

[0061] Elution and collection stage: the elution liquid enters the 10ml plunger collection cavity through the rotary valve, elutes the substances on the magnetic beads, and collects the final product. Among them, the low-salt elution liquid destroys the nucleic acid-magnetic bead combination, and the high-purity nucleic acid enters the collection cavity.

[0062] The technical implementation principle is similar to the previous embodiment, and the main difference is the application of the macroporous extraction medium and the magnetic bead method. The magnetic bead method and other commercial reagents can be directly used without custom development.

[0063] The following takes the magnetic bead method as an example to illustrate the operation of the nucleic acid extraction card box 900 as a microfluidic card box. The reagent is taken as the Genewiz extraction kit DP329, which is applied to the full-automatic microfluidic nucleic acid extraction instrument.

[0064] Pre-treatment steps of human blood samples:

[0065] 1. Add 20 μL Proteinase K to a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube.

[0066] 2. Add 200 μL blood sample and 300 μL lysis solution to the 1.5 mL centrifuge tube in turn, the lysis solution is Gendow Lysis Buffer, vortex for 40 seconds after mixing, and then use the centrifuge to centrifuge for about 5 seconds to make the liquid on the centrifuge tube wall centrifuged down. It should be noted that when the number of samples is large, the proportion of 300 μL GLB Buffer and 20 μL Proteinase K can be mixed in advance, and the use amount of each sample after mixing is 320 μL. The mixed solution is placed at room temperature for no more than 30 minutes, and it is preferred to be prepared and used immediately.

[0067] 3. Place the above centrifuge tube in a pre-set constant temperature metal bath with a temperature of 65°C, and incubate for 15 minutes with shaking at a shaking parameter of about 1200 rpm / min; during the period, invert the sample 3 to 5 times every 3 minutes to ensure that the sample is fully lysed.

[0068] 4. The lysed sample is left at room temperature for 3-5 min to cool down.

[0069] The manual operation steps are performed according to the instructions of the TIANGEN extraction kit DP329. The operation and running of the cartridge are performed according to Table 2 below, and the total running time is 33 min.

[0070] Table 2

[0071] The collected nucleic acid products are respectively evaluated for purity and concentration by Nanodrop and Qubit, and the test results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0072] Table 3

[0073] It can be seen that the extraction effect of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 is better in terms of purity and concentration under the premise of meeting the automatic extraction.

[0074] Next, taking the silica gel membrane method as an example, the operation of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 as a microfluidic cartridge is further illustrated. The reagent is taken as the TIANGEN extraction kit DP329, which is applied to the fully automatic microfluidic nucleic acid extractor.

[0075] The pretreatment steps of the human blood sample are the same as in the previous embodiment.

[0076] The manual operation steps are performed according to the instructions of the TIANGEN extraction kit DP329. The operation and running of the cartridge are performed according to Table 4 below, and the total running time is 31 min.

[0077] Table 4

[0078] The collected nucleic acid products are respectively evaluated for purity and concentration by Nanodrop and Qubit, and the test results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0079] Table 5

[0080] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 900 and the cartridge structure 100 thereof can meet the sample volume requirements in a large range of 100 to 2000 μL by connecting the nucleic acid extraction cavity with the extraction tube through designing a suitable structure on the cartridge main body 110; as an example, the liquid is quantitatively transferred by driving the liquid with a 10 ml and 50 ml plunger, avoiding the use of negative pressure equipment inside the instrument, and reducing the cross-contamination risk between the instrument and the cartridge; moreover, the cartridge extraction cavity can be preloaded with nucleic acid extraction magnetic beads and silica gel membranes, and the reserved cavity hole and capacity are highly matched with the components of the conventional nucleic acid extraction kit, which can meet the extraction reagents of the commonly used magnetic bead method and silica gel column method on the market, greatly improving the compatibility of the cartridge; the embodiment of setting the mixing rotor in the extraction cavity of the cartridge can quickly mix the liquid and the magnetic beads; it can be seen from the above embodiments that the nucleic acid extraction cartridge can realize 1:1 complete integration of the mature extraction steps of the kit on the market during the automatic operation of the cartridge, while increasing the drying and flow channel cleaning steps in the cartridge, improving the purity and product concentration of the nucleic acid extraction product; moreover, by preloading reagents and extraction media on the cartridge, the operation process is simplified, manual intervention is reduced, and the automation level is improved; and by designing the extraction product collection device on the cartridge, the extraction product can be stored independently without additional liquid transfer operation, which is suitable for various molecular biology experiments downstream; and by designing the water-blocking and air-permeable membrane on the cartridge, the gas is allowed to be discharged but the liquid is blocked, ensuring that the waste liquid and the product are isolated.

[0081] It should be noted that other embodiments of the present application also include the cartridge structure and the nucleic acid extraction cartridge formed by the combination of the technical features in the above embodiments.

[0082] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way, and to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist contradictory, it should be considered as the scope of the present application. The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A card box structure (100), characterized in that: The invention comprises a cartridge body (110) and an installation cavity (101), an extraction cavity, a buffer cavity (103), a waste liquid collection cavity (104), a liquid transfer channel (190), an eluent input port, a cleaning liquid input port, a binding liquid input port, a lysis liquid input port, an extraction tube interface (160), a collection tube interface (170), a first plunger interface (181), and a second plunger interface (182) provided in the cartridge body (110); The waste liquid collection chamber (104), the eluent input port, the cleaning liquid input port, the binding liquid input port, the lysis liquid input port, the extraction tube interface (160), the collection tube interface (170) and the first plunger interface (181) are respectively connected to the extraction chamber in the installation chamber (101) through the liquid transfer channel (190); The extraction tube interface (160) is used to connect the extraction tube (200); The buffer cavity (103) is in communication with the first plunger interface (181) and is used for connecting to the first plunger structure (410); The waste liquid collection chamber (104) is also connected to the second plunger interface (182), and the second plunger interface (182) is used to connect to the second plunger structure (420).

2. The card box structure (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cartridge structure (100) further includes an eluent storage area (120), a cleaning solution storage area (130), a binding solution storage area (140), and a lysis solution storage area (150) provided in the cartridge body (110); The eluent storage area (120) is connected to the eluent input port; The cleaning liquid storage area (130) is connected to the cleaning liquid input port; The binding liquid storage area (140) is connected to the binding liquid input port; The lysis solution storage area (150) is connected to the lysis solution input port.

3. The card box structure (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the cleaning liquid input ports is two, and the cleaning liquid storage area (130) includes a first cleaning liquid storage area (131) and a second cleaning liquid storage area (132), wherein the first cleaning liquid storage area (131) is connected to one of the cleaning liquid input ports, and the second cleaning liquid storage area (132) is connected to the other of the cleaning liquid input ports; or, The eluent storage area (120) is integrally provided with the eluent input port; The cleaning liquid storage area (130) is integrally provided with the cleaning liquid input port; The binding liquid storage area (140) is integrally provided with the binding liquid input port; The lysis solution storage area (150) is integrally arranged with the lysis solution input port.

4. The card box structure (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The eluent storage area (120), the cleaning solution storage area (130), the binding solution storage area (140) and the lysis solution storage area (150) are arranged side by side and are configured to be arranged side by side with the extraction tube (200) and the first plunger structure (410).

5. The card box structure (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extraction chamber is configured as a pre-installed mixing rotor; or, The eluent storage area (120) is configured to be pre-filled with eluent; or, The cleaning liquid storage area (130) is configured to be pre-filled with cleaning liquid; or, The binding fluid storage area (140) is configured to be pre-filled with binding fluid; or, The lysis solution storage area (150) is configured to be pre-filled with lysis solution.

6. The card box structure (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cartridge structure (100) further includes a channel indicator position (105) provided on the cartridge body (110), each channel indicator position (105) being provided in one-to-one correspondence with each liquid transfer channel (190), and each channel indicator position (105) being configured to surround the mounting cavity (101) for identifying the position of each liquid transfer channel (190).

7. The card box structure (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The mounting cavity (101) has a target circular shape; The liquid transfer channel (190) connected to the first plunger interface (181) is in communication with the center position of the target circle; The remaining liquid transfer channels (190) are connected to the circumferential positions of the target circle and are used to cooperate with the selection valve assembly (600) to select each of the liquid transfer channels (190) in a rotational manner.

8. A nucleic acid extraction cartridge (900), characterized in that: It comprises a selection valve assembly (600) and a cartridge structure (100) as described in any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the selection valve assembly (600) is arranged in a mounting cavity (101) of the cartridge structure (100) and is used to select at least two liquid transfer channels (190) of the cartridge structure (100).

9. The nucleic acid extraction cartridge (900) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gate valve assembly (600) comprises a silicone membrane (610), a rotary valve (620) and a rotary valve cover (630); The rotary valve (620) is at least partially disposed in the installation cavity (101), the rotary valve cover (630) is disposed on the rotary valve (620), and the silicone membrane (610) is disposed on the rotary valve cover (630); The silicone membrane (610) is provided with a rotary valve liquid transfer interface (611), and the rotary valve liquid transfer interface (611) is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the liquid transfer channel (190), and the rotary valve liquid transfer interface (611) selects the liquid transfer channel (190) connected thereto through the rotary valve (620).

10. The nucleic acid extraction cartridge (900) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The nucleic acid extraction cartridge (900) further comprises an extraction tube (200), a collection tube (300), a plunger structure (400), and a water-blocking, breathable membrane (500); The extraction tube (200) is connected to the extraction tube interface (160) of the cartridge structure (100); The collection tube (300) is connected to the collection tube interface (170) of the cartridge structure (100); The plunger structure (400) comprises a first plunger structure (410) and a second plunger structure (420), wherein the first plunger structure (410) is connected to the buffer chamber (103) of the cartridge structure (100), and the second plunger structure (420) is connected to the second plunger interface (182) of the cartridge structure (100); The water-blocking and breathable membrane (500) comprises a first water-blocking and breathable membrane (510) and a second water-blocking and breathable membrane (520). The first water-blocking and breathable membrane (510) is entirely covered on the eluent input port, the cleaning liquid input port, the binding liquid input port and the lysis liquid input port of the cartridge structure (100), or on the eluent storage area (120), the cleaning liquid storage area (130), the binding liquid storage area (140) and the lysis liquid storage area (150) of the cartridge structure (100); and the second water-blocking and breathable membrane (520) is covered on the collection tube air inlet (171) of the cartridge structure (100).

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