A type of anti-runaway screw drill bit

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of oil and gas extraction technology, and in particular to an anti-runaway screw drill bit to solve the problems of motor damage, reduced lifespan, and reduced drilling efficiency during runaway. The invention provides an anti-runaway screw drill bit, including a drill pipe, an upper connector, an anti-drop section, and a motor, and also includes an anti-runaway mechanism. The drill pipe is disposed on the upper part of the upper connector; the anti-drop section is disposed on the lower part of the upper connector; the anti-runaway mechanism is inserted into the anti-drop section; the motor is disposed below the anti-runaway mechanism; the drill pipe, upper connector, anti-drop section, and motor are sequentially connected to form a gas chamber. In the event of a runaway, the anti-runaway mechanism 500 can promptly divert the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber 001, reducing the gas flow rate used to drive the motor 400, thereby reducing the motor speed, reducing motor wear, and ultimately improving drilling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas extraction technology, and in particular to a screw drill bit designed to prevent runaway. Background Technology

[0002] Air drilling refers to a drilling technique that uses compressed gas or a gas-liquid mixture containing compressed gas as the drilling medium, or uses compressed gas as both the power source for rock-breaking tools and the well-washing medium. It is a form of underbalanced drilling. Screw drills, as a downhole power tool, are widely used in oil drilling engineering to provide downhole power and wellbore trajectory control for drilling directional and horizontal wells. The magnitude and duration of their power output directly affect drilling efficiency. In air drilling, the screw drill transmits compressed gas or a gas-liquid mixture containing compressed gas to the rotor of the downhole drive motor, causing it to rotate in the stator to provide downhole power.

[0003] During drilling, the motor rotates at a constant speed, and the high-pressure gas flow rate remains constant. When the drill string is lifted off the bottom of the well, the resistance experienced by the drill string decreases rapidly, causing the motor speed to increase suddenly.

[0004] This sudden increase in motor speed is called "runaway." Runaway causes a corresponding increase in the operating frequency of the universal joint, drive shaft bearings, and motor stator and rotor inside the air screw drill bit, leading to accelerated wear, shortened lifespan, and ultimately affecting overall drilling efficiency. Therefore, a mechanism is needed to prevent runaway in the screw drill bit, reduce motor wear, extend its lifespan, improve safety, and ensure smooth drilling operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an anti-runaway screw drill bit to solve the problems of motor damage, reduced lifespan, and reduced drilling efficiency during runaway.

[0006] To alleviate the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides an anti-runaway screw drill, including a drill rod, an upper connector, an anti-drop section, and a motor, and also includes an anti-runaway mechanism; the drill rod is disposed on the upper part of the upper connector; the anti-drop section is disposed on the lower part of the upper connector; the anti-runaway mechanism is inserted into the anti-drop section; the motor is disposed on the lower part of the anti-runaway mechanism; the drill rod, upper connector, anti-drop section, and motor are sequentially connected to form a gas chamber; the anti-runaway mechanism can exhaust gas to reduce the high-pressure gas flow rate in the gas chamber, thereby reducing the motor speed.

[0008] Furthermore, the anti-runaway mechanism includes a pull rod, a fixing block, a sliding sleeve, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a pendulum ball; the fixing block and the sliding sleeve are respectively disposed on the side wall of the pull rod; the fixing block is disposed on the upper part of the sliding sleeve; one end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the fixing block, and the other end is provided with a pendulum ball; one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod; the pendulum ball can rotate with the pull rod and drive the sliding sleeve to move upward.

[0009] Furthermore, the anti-runaway mechanism also includes a spring; the two ends of the spring are connected to the fixed block and the sliding sleeve respectively; the spring is a compression spring, which always has the ability to drive the sliding sleeve to move away from the fixed block.

[0010] Furthermore, the connection between the second link and the slide has a gradually upward-opening trumpet-shaped opening.

[0011] Furthermore, the pull rod sidewall is equipped with vent holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the motor includes a stator and a rotor; the stator is fixedly connected to the lower part of the tie rod; the rotor is rotatably connected to the lower part of the stator; the tie rod, stator, and rotor are hollow inside and are connected in sequence to form a flow distribution channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-runaway mechanism has a first action and a second action; in the first action, the pendulum rotates and drives the sliding sleeve to move upward, so that the exhaust port connects the gas chamber with the diversion channel; in the second action, the spring drives the sliding sleeve to move downward to the exhaust port, so that the gas chamber is disconnected from the diversion channel.

[0014] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the sliding sleeve and the pull rod.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are analyzed as follows:

[0016] This invention provides an anti-runaway screw drill, including a drill rod, an upper connector, an anti-drop section, and a motor, and also includes an anti-runaway mechanism; the drill rod is disposed on the upper part of the upper connector; the anti-drop section is disposed on the lower part of the upper connector; the anti-runaway mechanism is inserted into the anti-drop section; the motor is disposed on the lower part of the anti-runaway mechanism; the drill rod, upper connector, anti-drop section, and motor are sequentially connected to form a gas chamber; the anti-runaway mechanism can exhaust gas to reduce the high-pressure gas flow rate in the gas chamber, thereby reducing the motor speed.

[0017] In the event of a runaway, the anti-runaway mechanism 500 can promptly divert the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber 001, reducing the gas flow rate used to drive the motor 400 to rotate, thereby reducing the motor speed, reducing motor wear, and thus improving drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0022] icon:

[0023] 100-Drill pipe;

[0024] 200-Upper connector;

[0025] 300 - Prevents short sections from falling off;

[0026] 400 - Motor; 410 - Stator; 420 - Rotor;

[0027] 500 - Anti-runaway mechanism; 510 - Tie rod; 520 - Fixing block; 530 - Sliding sleeve; 531 - Trumpet-shaped opening; 540 - First connecting rod; 550 - Second connecting rod; 560 - Pendulum ball; 570 - Spring; 580 - Vent hole; 590 - Sealing ring;

[0028] 001 - Gas chamber;

[0029] 002 - Diversion Channel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] During drilling, the motor rotates at a constant speed, and the high-pressure gas flow remains constant. When the drill string is lifted off the bottom of the well, the resistance it experiences decreases rapidly, causing a sudden increase in motor speed. This sudden increase in motor speed is called "runaway." Runaway causes a corresponding increase in the operating frequency of the universal joint, drive shaft bearings, and motor stator and rotor inside the air screw drill string, leading to accelerated wear, shortened lifespan, and ultimately affecting the overall drilling efficiency.

[0031] In view of this, this solution provides an anti-runaway screw drill bit to solve the above problems. The following will combine... Figures 1 to 3 The shape and structure of this scheme are described in detail:

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, this solution provides an anti-runaway screw drill bit, including a drill rod 100, an upper connector 200, an anti-drop section 300, and a motor 400, and also includes an anti-runaway mechanism 500; the drill rod 100 is disposed on the upper part of the upper connector 200; the anti-drop section 300 is disposed on the lower part of the upper connector 200; the anti-runaway mechanism 500 is inserted into the anti-drop section 300; the motor 400 is disposed on the lower part of the anti-runaway mechanism 500; the drill rod 100, the upper connector 200, the anti-drop section 300, and the motor 400 are sequentially connected to form a gas chamber 001; the anti-runaway mechanism 500 can exhaust gas to reduce the high-pressure gas flow rate in the gas chamber 001, thereby reducing the speed of the motor 400.

[0033] When a runaway occurs, the anti-runaway mechanism 500 can promptly divert the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber 001, reducing the gas flow used to drive the motor 400 to rotate, thereby reducing the motor speed and preventing the runaway phenomenon from occurring.

[0034] The shape and structure of the anti-flying vehicle mechanism 500 are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown:

[0035] The anti-runaway mechanism 500 includes a pull rod 510, a fixing block 520, a sliding sleeve 530, a first connecting rod 540, a second connecting rod 550, and a pendulum ball 560. The fixing block 520 and the sliding sleeve 530 are respectively disposed on the side wall of the pull rod 510. The fixing block 520 is disposed on the upper part of the sliding sleeve 530. One end of the first connecting rod 540 is rotatably connected to the fixing block 520, and the other end is provided with the pendulum ball 560. One end of the second connecting rod 550 is rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve 530, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 540. The pendulum ball 560 can rotate with the pull rod 510 and drive the sliding sleeve 530 to move upward.

[0036] Specifically, the pendulum 560 has a certain weight. As the rotational speed of the pull rod 510 increases, the pendulum 560 gradually moves away from the pull rod 510 under the action of centrifugal force. With the cooperation of the first link 540 and the second link 550, it gradually pulls the sliding sleeve 530 upward. In this scheme, the first link 540, the second link 550 and the pendulum 560 constitute a linkage mechanism. Those skilled in the art know the basic principle of implementing the above scheme, and it will not be described in detail here.

[0037] Preferably, the fixing block 520 is fixed to the side wall of the pull rod 510 by welding or threaded connection; the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 530 is made of a smooth material, which greatly reduces the frictional resistance between the sliding sleeve 530 and the pull rod 510; in addition, in order to improve the sensitivity of the anti-runaway mechanism 500, multiple sets of first connecting rods 540, second connecting rods 550 and pendulum balls 560 can be arranged along the axis of the pull rod 510 on the side wall of the fixing block 520 and the sliding sleeve 530 to enhance the ability to pull the sliding sleeve 530 upward.

[0038] In this scheme, the anti-runaway mechanism 500 also includes a spring 570; the two ends of the spring 570 are connected to the fixed block 520 and the sliding sleeve 530 respectively; the spring 570 is a compression spring and always has the ability to drive the sliding sleeve 530 to move away from the fixed block 520.

[0039] Preferably, the connection between the second link 550 and the sliding sleeve 530 has a gradually opening flared opening 531, which makes way for the rotation trajectory of the second link 550. This can effectively improve the smoothness of the rotation of the second link 550 and avoid jamming that would affect the sensitivity of the anti-runaway mechanism 500.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the pull rod 510 has an exhaust hole 580 on its side wall. The exhaust hole 580 connects the gas chamber 001 with the central exhaust channel and can divert the high-pressure gas flow in the gas chamber 001 when exhausting.

[0041] The motor 400 includes a stator 410 and a rotor 420; the stator 410 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the tie rod 510; the rotor 420 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the stator 410; the tie rod 510, the stator 410 and the rotor 420 are hollow inside and are connected in sequence to form a flow distribution channel 002.

[0042] It should be noted that the method of outputting high-pressure gas from the gas chamber 001 to drive the stator 410 and rotor 420 to rotate is a conventional method known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] In this scheme, the anti-flying vehicle mechanism 500 has a first action and a second action; under the first action, the pendulum ball 560 rotates and drives the sliding sleeve 530 to move upward, so that the exhaust port 580 connects the gas chamber 001 with the diversion channel 002; under the second action, the spring 570 drives the sliding sleeve 530 to move downward to the exhaust port 580, so that the gas chamber 001 is disconnected from the diversion channel 002.

[0044] Specifically, when the speed of motor 400 suddenly increases, the anti-runaway mechanism 500 performs the first action: the pull rod 510 drives the pendulum ball 560 to rotate rapidly, causing the sliding sleeve 530 to move upward, so that the exhaust port 580 connects the gas chamber with the diversion channel 002, thereby reducing the high-pressure gas flow in the gas chamber 001, and thus reducing the speed of motor 400 to avoid damage to related transmission components; when the speed of motor 400 decreases, the anti-runaway mechanism 500 performs the second action: the speed of pull rod 510 and pendulum ball 560 decreases, and the sliding sleeve 530 moves downward under its own weight and the combined action of spring 570 and blocks the exhaust port 580, so that the gas chamber 001 is disconnected from the diversion channel 002.

[0045] Preferably, a sealing ring 590 is provided at the connection between the sliding sleeve 530 and the pull rod 510 to improve the sealing effect of the sliding sleeve 530 during the second action.

[0046] This solution has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0047] By setting up the anti-runaway mechanism 500, the rotational speed of the motor 400 when runaway occurs can be effectively reduced, the wear of internal components can be reduced, and the damage to components caused by runaway can be reduced. This can effectively reduce the maintenance cost of parts and downtime, and improve production efficiency and operational safety.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screw drill bit with anti-runaway mechanism, comprising a drill rod (100), an upper connector (200), an anti-drop short section (300), and a motor (400), characterized in that: It also includes a vehicle-avoidance mechanism (500); The drill pipe (100) is disposed on the upper part of the upper connector (200); The anti-drop short section (300) is located at the lower part of the upper connector (200); The anti-flying mechanism (500) is plugged into the anti-falling section (300); The motor (400) is located at the lower part of the anti-flying vehicle mechanism (500); The drill pipe (100), the upper connector (200), the anti-drop short section (300) and the motor (400) are connected in sequence to form a gas chamber (001). The anti-runaway mechanism (500) can exhaust gas to reduce the flow rate of high-pressure gas in the gas chamber (001), thereby reducing the speed of the motor (400); The anti-flying vehicle mechanism (500) includes a pull rod (510), a fixing block (520), a sliding sleeve (530), a first connecting rod (540), a second connecting rod (550), and a pendulum ball (560). The fixing block (520) and the sliding sleeve (530) are respectively disposed on the side wall of the pull rod (510); The fixing block (520) is disposed on the upper part of the sliding sleeve (530); One end of the first connecting rod (540) is rotatably connected to the fixed block (520), and the other end is provided with a pendulum ball (560). One end of the second connecting rod (550) is rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve (530), and the other end is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod (540); The pendulum ball (560) can rotate with the pull rod (510) and drive the sliding sleeve (530) to move upward; The anti-flying vehicle mechanism (500) also includes a spring (570); The two ends of the spring (570) are respectively connected to the fixed block (520) and the sliding sleeve (530); The spring (570) is a compression spring and always has the ability to drive the sliding sleeve (530) to move away from the fixed block (520).

2. The anti-runaway screw drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the second link (550) and the sliding sleeve (530) has a funnel-shaped opening (531) that gradually opens upward.

3. The anti-runaway screw drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pull rod (510) has an exhaust hole (580) on its side wall.

4. The anti-runaway screw drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The motor (400) includes a stator (410) and a rotor (420). The stator (410) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the tie rod (510); The rotor (420) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the stator (410); The tie rod (510), the stator (410) and the rotor (420) are hollow inside and are connected in sequence to form a diversion channel (002).

5. The anti-runaway screw drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-flying vehicle mechanism (500) has a first action and a second action; Under the first action, the pendulum ball (560) rotates and drives the sliding sleeve (530) to move upward, so that the exhaust hole (580) connects the gas chamber (001) with the diversion channel (002); Under the second action, the spring (570) drives the sliding sleeve (530) to move downward to the exhaust port (580), thereby disconnecting the gas chamber (001) from the diversion channel (002).

6. The anti-runaway screw drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sealing ring (590) is provided at the connection between the sliding sleeve (530) and the pull rod (510).

Images