Waste heat utilization and recovery device and method applied to boiler combustion flue gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of smoke exhaust waste heat recovery devices, and discloses a waste heat utilization and recovery device and method applied to boiler combustion smoke, and the waste heat utilization and recovery device applied to the boiler combustion smoke comprises a bottom frame, and a heat absorption mechanism, a middle section partition plate and a heat release assembly which are fixedly mounted at the top of the bottom frame in sequence; through the arrangement of the heat buffering assembly, when the temperature of smoke is high, the heat absorbing fins can absorb part of heat and conduct the heat to the medium storage cavity, a medium in the medium storage cavity absorbs the heat to be evaporated into gas, and the gas is filled with an inflatable heat conduction film through a gas flowing cavity; the inflatable heat conduction film is expanded to store the gaseous medium, the gaseous medium is dissipated when the smoke temperature is low, the gaseous medium is condensed into liquid after heat dissipation, then the liquid is absorbed by the liquid absorption core plate and returns to the medium storage cavity, and therefore heat transfer and buffering are facilitated, and damage of thermal shock to device parts is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flue gas waste heat recovery devices, in particular to a waste heat utilization and recovery device and method applied to boiler combustion flue gas. BACKGROUND

[0002] In ship operation, marine boilers are key equipment, and the flue gas generated by their combustion contains a large amount of waste heat. If directly discharged, not only will it cause a huge waste of energy, but also will exacerbate environmental pollution. The traditional waste heat recovery method has low efficiency and is difficult to fully extract the heat in the flue gas. Moreover, the marine environment is complex and variable, and the boiler load fluctuates greatly, which requires high stability and adaptability of the recovery device. As a high-efficiency heat transfer method, heat pipe technology has certain application in the field of waste heat recovery, but the existing marine boiler waste heat recovery device based on heat pipe has problems such as insufficient adjustment ability and poor thermal shock resistance when dealing with complex working conditions, and cannot efficiently and stably realize waste heat recovery.

[0003] In the patent with the patent number CN220061804U, a boiler waste heat recovery device is disclosed, which includes a base, a filter box assembly composed of an annular sliding groove, an annular sliding block, a return spring, an arc-shaped filter screen, a rotating shaft, a cam, and a drive motor, and a flue gas treatment box. The arc-shaped filter screen moves back and forth, and the cam hits it to cause vibration. The impurities are filtered through the arc-shaped filter screen, and the filtered impurities fall into the impurity recovery box through the impurity discharge pipe during the vibration of the arc-shaped filter screen, thereby filtering the impurities in the flue gas and self-cleaning the arc-shaped filter screen to prevent pipe blockage. At the same time, the material that is not fully combusted is collected and re-furnaced to improve the combustion utilization rate of the material. The dust-free gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe to achieve dust-free condensation of the flue gas and prevent the direct discharge of impurities and heat in the flue gas, which causes environmental damage.

[0004] The existing technology has the following defects:

[0005] Lack of effective heat buffering mechanism: the existing device lacks an effective heat buffering mechanism, and the temperature of the heat pipe rises or falls sharply, which can cause unstable heat recovery efficiency, affect the performance of the overall waste heat recovery device, and frequent thermal shocks can cause fatigue damage to the components such as the pipe body and the sealing elements in the device, thereby shortening the service life of the equipment. Therefore, a structure containing a heat buffering mechanism is needed to stabilize the temperature of the heat pipe, avoid sharp rises and falls, significantly improve the heat recovery efficiency, make the waste heat recovery device more stable, fully utilize the value of waste heat, greatly reduce the damage of thermal shock to the components of the device, prolong the overall service life of the equipment, reduce replacement and maintenance costs, and achieve the effect of improving the energy recovery sustainability and reliability.

[0006] The existing device cannot automatically adjust the heat absorption range and exhaust resistance according to the change of flue gas flow: the resistance value of the existing device is fixed, and the change of flow is not considered, when the flue gas flow is large, the heat absorption range is small, and the exhaust resistance is large, part of the heat is not absorbed and discharged; when the flue gas flow is small, the heat absorption range is large, and the exhaust resistance is small, which is easy to cause heat waste, unstable heat efficiency, and inappropriate exhaust resistance makes the equipment abnormally stressed for a long time, accelerates the aging and damage of the parts, therefore, it is necessary to set a structure capable of automatically adjusting the heat absorption range and exhaust resistance according to the change of flue gas flow, which can ensure that sufficient heat exchange is realized regardless of the size of the flue gas flow, avoid heat waste or insufficient absorption, improve the overall heat efficiency, and appropriate exhaust resistance can reduce the impact of abnormal pressure on the equipment, reduce the aging and damage speed of the parts, and achieve the effect of ensuring continuous and efficient production process. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the problems of lack of effective heat buffering mechanism and inability to automatically adjust the heat absorption range and exhaust resistance according to the change of flue gas flow in the prior art, a waste heat utilization recovery device and method applied to boiler combustion flue gas are provided.

[0008] The present application provides a waste heat utilization recovery device applied to boiler combustion flue gas, which aims to: by setting the heat absorption mechanism and pipe body assembly, the heat pipe temperature can be stabilized, the sharp rise and fall can be avoided, the heat recovery efficiency can be significantly improved, the performance of the waste heat recovery device can be more stable, the waste heat utilization value can be fully utilized, the damage of heat shock to the device parts can be greatly reduced, the overall service life of the equipment can be prolonged, the replacement and maintenance costs can be reduced, the energy recovery sustainability and reliability can be improved, sufficient heat exchange can be realized regardless of the size of the flue gas flow, heat waste or insufficient absorption can be avoided, the overall heat efficiency can be improved, appropriate exhaust resistance can reduce the impact of abnormal pressure on the equipment, the aging and damage speed of the parts can be reduced, and the effect of ensuring continuous and efficient production process can be achieved.

[0009] The technical scheme of the present application is: a waste heat utilization recovery device applied to boiler combustion flue gas, comprising a chassis, a heat absorption mechanism, a middle partition and a heat release assembly fixedly installed in sequence on the top of the chassis, and a plurality of pipe body assemblies arranged in the heat absorption mechanism and the heat release assembly; the heat absorption mechanism comprises a waste heat recovery cavity fixedly installed on the top of the chassis, and a heat buffering assembly and an adjusting assembly are arranged in the waste heat recovery cavity;

[0010] The heat buffer assembly comprises a sealed buffer cavity fixedly connected to the inner wall of the waste heat recovery cavity, two limiting racks symmetrically arranged inside the sealed buffer cavity, an absorbent core plate fixedly connected between the two limiting racks, and a plurality of heat absorbing fins, the top of each of the plurality of heat absorbing fins being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealed buffer cavity, two adjacent heat absorbing fins forming a medium storage cavity, a gaseous flow cavity being further formed in the inside of the sealed buffer cavity and being in communication with the medium storage cavity, and a plurality of inflatable heat conducting films being fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealed buffer cavity, the medium in the medium storage cavity being evaporated and guided to the inner surface of the inflatable heat conducting film through the gaseous flow cavity.

[0011] By adopting the above scheme, when the temperature of the flue gas is relatively high, the heat absorbing fins absorb part of the heat and conduct it to the medium storage cavity, the medium in the medium storage cavity absorbs the heat and evaporates into gas which fills the inflatable heat conducting film through the gaseous flow cavity, the inflatable heat conducting film expands to store the gaseous medium, and when the temperature of the flue gas is relatively low, the gaseous medium is radiated and condensed into liquid which is then absorbed by the absorbent core plate and returned to the medium storage cavity, forming a cycle, and when the inflatable heat conducting film expands, even if the flue gas flow is small, the inflatable heat conducting film can squeeze the adjusting assembly to expand the heat absorbing range, thereby facilitating heat transfer and buffering and reducing the damage of heat shock to the device components.

[0012] Further, the adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of receiving grooves formed in the bottom frame, the inner wall of each receiving groove being fixedly connected with an extension spring, the top of each of the plurality of extension springs being fixedly connected with a lifting plate, and the outer wall of the lifting plate being in sliding connection with the inner wall of the waste heat recovery cavity.

[0013] By adopting the above scheme, when the boiler load is high, the flue gas flow is large, and a large amount of flue gas can squeeze the lifting plate to make it descend, the descending of the lifting plate expands the heat absorbing range, so that more heat pipes participate in the heat absorption process, ensuring that the heat in the flue gas can be fully absorbed and avoiding that part of the heat is discharged without being absorbed.

[0014] Further, the two ends of the waste heat recovery cavity are respectively in communication with a flue gas input pipe and a flue gas output pipe, the inside of the flue gas output pipe is in communication with an auxiliary exhaust pipe, and the auxiliary exhaust pipe is in communication with the waste heat recovery cavity.

[0015] By adopting the above scheme, when the lifting plate descends, the auxiliary exhaust pipe leaks out, the auxiliary exhaust pipe guides the uniform flow of the flue gas, avoids excessive local resistance, and ensures that the device can maintain stable exhaust resistance under different flue gas flows, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0016] Further, the pipe body assembly comprises a second pipe shell fixedly connected to the inner wall of the middle section partition plate, and a first pipe shell is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second pipe shell, and a heat exchange cavity is formed between the second pipe shell and the first pipe shell.

[0017] Further, the inner wall of the second pipe shell is fixedly connected with a second sealing ring, and the outer wall of the first pipe shell is fixedly connected with a first sealing ring, and the second pipe shell and the first pipe shell are sealed by the second sealing ring and the first sealing ring.

[0018] Further, the inner wall of the sealing buffer cavity is also provided with a plurality of penetrating grooves, the inner walls of the plurality of penetrating grooves are respectively slidably connected to the outer walls of the plurality of first pipe shells, and the bottoms of the plurality of first pipe shells are respectively abutted to the top of the lifting plate.

[0019] By adopting the above scheme, the first pipe shell slides downward in the second pipe shell while the lifting plate descends, thereby expanding the heat absorption range, and the heat in the flue gas is conducted to the inside of the heat exchange cavity through the first pipe shell, so that the medium in the heat exchange cavity is evaporated, the gaseous medium carrying heat rises to the second pipe shell, and the medium is condensed into liquid after being heated, and falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity under the action of gravity, thereby forming a circulating heat exchange process.

[0020] Further, the heat release assembly comprises a heat release cavity fixedly connected to the top of the middle section partition plate, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat release cavity, and the inner walls of the plurality of heat dissipation fins are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of second pipe shells.

[0021] Further, the two ends of the heat release cavity are respectively communicated with a cold air input pipe and a hot air output pipe, the cold air input pipe is located above the flue gas output pipe, and the hot air output pipe is located above the flue gas input pipe.

[0022] By adopting the above scheme, the cold air is input into the heat release cavity through the cold air input pipe, the heat dissipation fins in the heat release cavity are closely connected with the second pipe shell, the cold air exchanges heat with the second pipe shell through the heat dissipation fins, absorbs the heat in the gaseous medium, the flue gas after heat release is discharged through the flue gas output pipe, and the cold air after heat absorption is discharged through the hot air output pipe, thereby realizing effective recovery and utilization of waste heat.

[0023] In another aspect of the present application, a recovery method applied to a waste heat utilization recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas is provided, and the recovery method comprises the following steps:

[0024] Step one: introducing the flue gas generated by the marine boiler combustion into the waste heat recovery cavity through the flue gas input pipe;

[0025] Step two: when the boiler load is less than 1.5 tons / hour, the flue gas flow is low, and only the upper half of the waste heat recovery cavity is used for heat pipe heat absorption;

[0026] Step three: when the boiler load is higher than 1.5 tons / hour, the flue gas flow is high, and the extrusion lifting plate expands the heat absorption range;

[0027] Step four: the heat buffer component absorbs part of the heat for storage, avoiding the rapid rise and fall of the heat pipe temperature and reducing the heat shock;

[0028] Step five: when the lifting plate is lowered, the auxiliary exhaust pipe leaks out to guide the uniform flow of flue gas, avoiding excessive local resistance;

[0029] Step six: the flue gas heat is conducted to the evaporation medium in the heat exchange cavity through the first tube shell;

[0030] Step seven: the cold air input pipe inputs cold air for heat exchange with the second tube shell through the heat dissipation fins;

[0031] Step eight: the medium is condensed into liquid after being heated and falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity under the action of gravity;

[0032] Step nine: the heat-released flue gas is discharged through the flue gas output pipe, and the heat-absorbed cold air is discharged through the hot air output pipe.

[0033] By adopting the above scheme, the flue gas generated by the combustion of the marine boiler is introduced into the waste heat recovery cavity through the flue gas input pipe to provide a heat source for subsequent heat recovery; when the boiler load is low, the flue gas flow is small, at this time, only the upper half of the waste heat recovery cavity is used for heat pipe heat absorption, and the small heat absorption range is sufficient to complete heat absorption, avoiding heat waste; when the boiler load is high, the flue gas flow is large, and a large amount of flue gas will extrude the lifting plate, causing it to drop, and the dropping of the lifting plate expands the heat absorption range, so that more heat pipes participate in the heat absorption process, ensuring that the heat in the flue gas can be fully absorbed, avoiding that part of the heat is discharged without being absorbed; when the temperature of the flue gas is high, the heat buffer component absorbs part of the heat for storage, avoiding the rapid rise and fall of the heat pipe temperature and reducing the heat shock; when the lifting plate is lowered, the auxiliary exhaust pipe leaks out, the auxiliary exhaust pipe guides the uniform flow of flue gas, avoiding excessive local resistance, ensuring that the device can maintain stable exhaust resistance under different flue gas flows, and improving the heat exchange efficiency; the cold air is input into the heat dissipation cavity through the cold air input pipe, the heat dissipation fins in the heat dissipation cavity are tightly connected with the second tube shell, the cold air is heat-exchanged with the second tube shell through the heat dissipation fins, absorbs the heat in the gaseous medium, the medium is condensed into liquid after being heated, falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity under the action of gravity, forms a circulating heat exchange process, the heat-released flue gas is discharged through the flue gas output pipe, and the heat-absorbed cold air is discharged through the hot air output pipe, realizing the effective recovery and utilization of waste heat.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0035] 1. When the temperature of the flue gas is high, the heat-absorbing fins absorb part of the heat and conduct it to the medium storage cavity, the medium in the medium storage cavity absorbs the heat and evaporates into gas, which fills the air-filled heat-conducting film through the gaseous flow cavity, so that the air-filled heat-conducting film expands to store gaseous medium, and when the temperature of the flue gas is low, the gaseous medium is discharged and condensed into liquid, which is then absorbed by the liquid-absorbing core plate and returned to the medium storage cavity, forming a cycle. When the air-filled heat-conducting film expands, even if the flue gas flow is small, the air-filled heat-conducting film can still squeeze the adjusting assembly to expand the heat-absorbing range, thereby facilitating heat transfer and buffering and reducing the damage of thermal shock to device components.

[0036] 2. When the boiler load is high, the flue gas flow is large, and a large amount of flue gas will squeeze the lifting plate down, which expands the heat-absorbing range and allows more heat pipes to participate in the heat absorption process, ensuring that the heat in the flue gas can be fully absorbed and avoiding the discharge of part of the heat. When the lifting plate is lowered, the auxiliary exhaust pipe will leak out, and the auxiliary exhaust pipe guides the uniform flow of flue gas to avoid excessive local resistance, ensuring that the device can maintain stable exhaust resistance under different flue gas flows and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0037] 3. Through the pipe body assembly, the first pipe shell slides downward in the second pipe shell while the lifting plate is lowered, expanding the heat-absorbing range. The heat in the flue gas is conducted to the inside of the heat exchange cavity through the first pipe shell, causing the medium in the heat exchange cavity to evaporate. The gaseous medium carries heat and rises to the second pipe shell, preparing for the subsequent heat release process. The medium condenses into liquid after being heated and falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity under the action of gravity, forming a circulating heat exchange process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the heat release assembly of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the heat-absorbing mechanism of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary exhaust pipe of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the heat buffering assembly of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the medium storage cavity of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the air-filled heat-conducting film of the present application;

[0045] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the heat absorption process of the heat buffer assembly of the present application;

[0046] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the gaseous flow cavity of the present application;

[0047] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the adjusting assembly of the present application;

[0048] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the pipe body assembly of the present application;

[0049] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the flue gas flow change process of the present application.

[0050] In the figure:

[0051] 1, base frame; 2, heat absorption mechanism; 21, flue gas input pipe; 22, waste heat recovery cavity; 23, flue gas output pipe; 24, auxiliary exhaust pipe; 25, heat buffer assembly; 251, sealed buffer cavity; 252, limiting frame; 253, liquid absorption core plate; 254, penetration groove; 255, heat absorption fin; 256, medium storage cavity; 257, gaseous flow cavity; 258, air-filled heat-conducting film; 26, adjusting assembly; 261, lifting plate; 262, extension spring; 263, storage groove; 3, middle partition; 4, heat release assembly; 41, cold air input pipe; 42, heat release cavity; 43, hot air output pipe; 44, heat dissipation fin; 5, pipe body assembly; 51, first pipe shell; 52, heat exchange cavity; 53, first sealing ring; 54, second pipe shell; 55, second sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Example 1, refer to Figure 1 - Figure 12 The first embodiment of the present application provides a waste heat utilization and recovery device applied to boiler combustion flue gas, which comprises a base frame 1, a heat absorption mechanism 2, a middle partition 3 and a heat release assembly 4 fixed and installed in sequence on the top of the base frame 1, and a plurality of pipe body assemblies 5 arranged inside the heat absorption mechanism 2 and the heat release assembly 4. The heat absorption mechanism 2 comprises a waste heat recovery cavity 22 fixed and installed on the top of the base frame 1, and the waste heat recovery cavity 22 is internally provided with a heat buffer assembly 25 and an adjusting assembly 26.

[0054] Refer to Figure 4 -Figure 9 The heat buffer assembly 25 includes a sealed buffer cavity 251 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the waste heat recovery cavity 22, and two limiting racks 252 symmetrically arranged inside the sealed buffer cavity 251. The two limiting racks 252 are fixedly connected with a liquid absorption core plate 253 and a plurality of heat absorption fins 255. The top of each of the plurality of heat absorption fins 255 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sealed buffer cavity 251. Adjacent two heat absorption fins 255 form a medium storage cavity 256. The inner part of the sealed buffer cavity 251 is also provided with a gaseous flow cavity 257, which is in communication with the medium storage cavity 256. The bottom of the sealed buffer cavity 251 is fixedly connected with a plurality of inflatable heat-conducting films 258. The medium in the medium storage cavity 256 evaporates and is guided to the inner surface of the inflatable heat-conducting film 258 through the gaseous flow cavity 257.

[0055] Specifically, the liquid absorption core plate 253 has good liquid absorption performance and can store and transfer the medium required in the heat exchange process. The plurality of heat absorption fins 255 greatly increases the contact area with the flue gas and improves the efficiency of heat absorption. The medium storage cavity 256 is an important place for heat storage and exchange. When the flue gas temperature is high, the medium absorbs heat and changes state in the medium storage cavity 256. When the flue gas temperature decreases, the stored heat can be released, which plays a role in stabilizing the temperature of the heat pipe. The inflatable heat-conducting film 258 has good heat-conducting performance and expandability. When the medium absorbs heat and becomes gaseous and fills it, it will expand and expand, further enhancing the heat transfer and buffering effect, effectively reducing the damage of thermal shock to the device components.

[0056] Through the heat buffer assembly 25, when the temperature of the flue gas is high, the heat absorption fins 255 will absorb part of the heat and conduct it to the medium storage cavity 256. The medium in the medium storage cavity 256 absorbs heat and evaporates into gas, which fills the inflatable heat-conducting film 258 through the gaseous flow cavity 257, expands the inflatable heat-conducting film 258, and expands the inflatable heat-conducting film 258. The gaseous medium is scattered and condensed into liquid and is absorbed by the liquid absorption core plate 253 back to the medium storage cavity 256, forming a cycle. When the inflatable heat-conducting film 258 expands, even if the flue gas flow is small, the inflatable heat-conducting film 258 can also squeeze the adjusting assembly 26 to expand the heat absorption range, thereby helping to transfer and buffer heat and reducing the damage of thermal shock to the device components.

[0057] Referring to Figure 4 - Figure 10 The adjusting assembly 26 includes a plurality of receiving grooves 263 formed in the inner part of the chassis 1. The inner wall of the receiving groove 263 is fixedly connected with a telescopic spring 262. The top of the plurality of telescopic springs 262 is fixedly connected with a lifting plate 261. The outer wall of the lifting plate 261 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the waste heat recovery cavity 22.

[0058] When the boiler load is high, the flue gas flow is large, and a large amount of flue gas will extrude the lifting plate 261 to make it descend. The descending of the lifting plate 261 expands the heat absorption range, so that more heat pipes participate in the heat absorption process, ensuring that the heat in the flue gas can be fully absorbed, avoiding that part of the heat is discharged without being absorbed.

[0059] With reference to Figure 3 The two ends of the waste heat recovery cavity 22 are respectively communicated with the flue gas input pipe 21 and the flue gas output pipe 23. The inside of the flue gas output pipe 23 is communicated with the auxiliary exhaust pipe 24, and the auxiliary exhaust pipe 24 is communicated with the waste heat recovery cavity 22.

[0060] When the lifting plate 261 descends, the auxiliary exhaust pipe 24 will leak out. The auxiliary exhaust pipe 24 guides the uniform flow of flue gas, avoids excessive local resistance, and ensures that the device can maintain stable exhaust resistance under different flue gas flow, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0061] With reference to Figure 10 - Figure 11 The pipe body assembly 5 includes a second tube shell 54 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the middle partition plate 3. The inner wall of the second tube shell 54 is slidingly connected with a first tube shell 51. The heat exchange cavity 52 is formed between the second tube shell 54 and the first tube shell 51. The inner wall of the second tube shell 54 is fixedly connected with a second sealing ring 55. The outer wall of the first tube shell 51 is fixedly connected with a first sealing ring 53. The second tube shell 54 and the first tube shell 51 are sealed by the second sealing ring 55 and the first sealing ring 53. The inner wall of the sealing buffer cavity 251 is also provided with a plurality of penetrating grooves 254. The inner walls of the plurality of penetrating grooves 254 are respectively slidingly connected with the outer walls of the plurality of first tube shells 51. The bottoms of the plurality of first tube shells 51 are respectively abutted with the top of the lifting plate 261.

[0062] Specifically, in the working process, the heat absorbed from the flue gas generated by the boiler combustion is conducted to the inside of the heat exchange cavity 52 through the first tube shell 51, so that the medium in the heat exchange cavity 52 absorbs heat and evaporates, and the heat is stored in the form of gas, preparing for the subsequent heat release process. In order to ensure the sealing property of the heat exchange cavity 52 and prevent the medium from leaking, the inner wall of the second tube shell 54 is fixedly connected with the second sealing ring 55, and the outer wall of the first tube shell 51 is fixedly connected with the first sealing ring 53. The two sealing rings are tightly attached, effectively preventing the leakage of the medium, and ensuring the efficiency and stability of the heat exchange process.

[0063] Through the pipe body assembly 5, the first pipe shell 51 slides downward in the second pipe shell 54 while the lifting plate 261 is lowered, which expands the heat absorption range, and the heat in the flue gas is conducted to the inside of the heat exchange cavity 52 through the first pipe shell 51, so that the medium in the heat exchange cavity 52 is evaporated, the gaseous medium carries heat to rise to the second pipe shell 54, and prepares for the subsequent heat release process, and the medium is condensed into liquid after being heated, and falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity 52 under the action of gravity, forming a circulating heat exchange process.

[0064] With reference to Figure 2 - Figure 3 The heat release assembly 4 includes a heat release cavity 42 fixedly connected to the top of the middle partition plate 3, the inner wall of the heat release cavity 42 is fixedly connected with a plurality of heat dissipation fins 44, the inner walls of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 44 are respectively fixedly connected with the outer walls of the plurality of second pipe shells 54, and the two ends of the heat release cavity 42 are respectively communicated with a cold air input pipe 41 and a hot air output pipe 43. The cold air input pipe 41 is located above the flue gas output pipe 23, and the hot air output pipe 43 is located above the flue gas input pipe 21.

[0065] Through the heat release assembly 4, the cold air is input into the heat release cavity 42 through the cold air input pipe 41, the heat dissipation fins 44 in the heat release cavity 42 are tightly connected with the second pipe shells 54, the cold air is heat exchanged with the second pipe shells 54 through the heat dissipation fins 44, absorbs the heat in the gaseous medium, the flue gas after heat release is discharged through the flue gas output pipe 23, and the cold air after heat absorption is discharged through the hot air output pipe 43, so that the effective recovery and utilization of waste heat are realized.

[0066] During use, the flue gas generated by the marine boiler combustion is introduced into the waste heat recovery cavity 22 through the flue gas input pipe 21 to provide a heat source for subsequent heat recovery; when the boiler load is low, the flue gas flow is small, at this time, only the upper half of the waste heat recovery cavity 22 is used for heat pipe heat absorption, and the small heat absorption range is sufficient to complete heat absorption, avoiding waste of heat; when the boiler load is high, the flue gas flow is large, and a large amount of flue gas will squeeze the lifting plate 261 to make it descend, the descending of the lifting plate 261 expands the heat absorption range, so that more heat pipes participate in the heat absorption process, ensuring that the heat in the flue gas can be fully absorbed, avoiding that part of the heat is discharged without being absorbed; when the temperature of the flue gas is high, the heat buffer assembly 25 absorbs part of the heat for storage, avoiding the rapid rise and fall of the temperature of the heat pipe, and reducing heat shock; when the lifting plate 261 descends, the auxiliary exhaust pipe 24 leaks out, the auxiliary exhaust pipe 24 guides the uniform flow of the flue gas, avoiding excessive local resistance, ensuring that the device can maintain stable exhaust resistance under different flue gas flows, and improving the heat exchange efficiency; the cold wind is input into the heat release cavity 42 through the cold wind input pipe 41, the heat dissipation fins 44 in the heat release cavity 42 are tightly connected with the second tube shell 54, the cold wind exchanges heat with the second tube shell 54 through the heat dissipation fins 44, absorbs the heat in the gaseous medium, and the medium is condensed into a liquid after being heated, and falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity 52 under the action of gravity, forming a circulating heat exchange process, the flue gas after heat release is discharged through the flue gas output pipe 23, and the cold wind after heat absorption is discharged through the hot wind output pipe 43, realizing effective recovery and utilization of waste heat.

[0067] Embodiment 2, refer to Figure 1 Figure 12 The second embodiment of the present application provides a recovery method of a waste heat utilization recovery device applied to boiler combustion flue gas, which adopts a waste heat utilization recovery device applied to boiler combustion flue gas, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Step one: introducing the flue gas generated by the marine boiler combustion into the waste heat recovery cavity 22 through the flue gas input pipe 21;

[0069] Step two: when the boiler load is less than 1.5 tons / hour, the flue gas flow is low, and only the upper half of the waste heat recovery cavity 22 is used for heat pipe heat absorption;

[0070] Step three: when the boiler load is higher than 1.5 tons / hour, the flue gas flow is high, and the lifting plate 261 is squeezed to expand the heat absorption range;

[0071] Step four: the heat buffer assembly 25 absorbs part of the heat for storage, avoiding the rapid rise and fall of the temperature of the heat pipe, and reducing heat shock;

[0072] Step five: when the lifting plate 261 descends, the auxiliary exhaust pipe 24 leaks out to guide the uniform flow of the flue gas, avoiding excessive local resistance; ​

[0073] Step 6: The flue gas heat is transferred through the first tube shell 51 to the evaporating medium inside the heat exchange chamber 52. The gaseous medium carries the heat and rises to the second tube shell 54.

[0074] Step 7: The cold air input pipe 41 inputs cold air to pass through the heat dissipation fins 44 and exchange heat with the second tube shell 54;

[0075] Step 8: After absorbing heat, the medium condenses into liquid and falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange chamber 52 under the action of gravity;

[0076] Step nine: the smoke after releasing heat is discharged through the smoke output pipe 23, and the cold air after absorbing heat is discharged through the hot air output pipe 43.

[0077] Working principle of the present invention:

[0078] During operation, the flue gas generated by combustion of the marine boiler is introduced into the waste heat recovery chamber 22 through the flue gas inlet pipe 21, providing a heat source for subsequent heat recovery.

[0079] When the boiler load is low, the flue gas flow is small. At this time, heat is absorbed by the heat pipe only through the upper half of the waste heat recovery chamber 22. Due to the presence of the telescopic spring 262, the lifting plate 261 is pressed against the first tube shell 51 to prevent the first tube shell 51 from sliding down, thereby ensuring the initial heat absorption range. The initial small heat absorption range is sufficient to complete heat absorption and avoid heat waste.

[0080] When the boiler load is high, the flow velocity and dynamic pressure of the flue gas in the waste heat recovery chamber 22 will increase significantly. A large amount of flue gas flows in the waste heat recovery chamber 22 and squeezes the lifting plate 261, causing it to descend. When the lifting plate 261 descends, the first tube shell 51 slides downward in the second tube shell 54, expanding the heat absorption range and allowing more heat pipes to participate in the heat absorption process, ensuring that the heat in the flue gas can be fully absorbed and avoiding the discharge of some heat without being absorbed.

[0081] When the temperature of the flue gas is high, the heat-absorbing fins 255 will absorb part of the heat and conduct it to the medium storage chamber 256. The medium in the medium storage chamber 256 absorbs the heat and evaporates into gas, which passes through the gas flow chamber 257 to fill the inflatable heat-conductive film 258, causing the inflatable heat-conductive film 258 to expand and store the gaseous medium, and dissipate it when the flue gas temperature is low. After the gaseous medium dissipates heat, it condenses into liquid and is then absorbed by the liquid-absorbing core plate 253 back into the medium storage chamber 256, forming a cycle.

[0082] When the inflatable heat-conductive film 258 expands, even if the smoke flow is small, the inflatable heat-conductive film 258 can squeeze the lifting plate 261 to expand the heat absorption range, thereby facilitating heat transfer and buffering, and reducing damage to device components caused by thermal shock.

[0083] When the lifting plate 261 is lowered, the auxiliary exhaust pipe 24 will leak out, and the auxiliary exhaust pipe 24 guides the uniform flow of flue gas, avoids excessive local resistance, ensures that the device can maintain stable exhaust resistance under different flue gas flow, and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0084] The heat in the flue gas is conducted to the inside of the heat exchange cavity 52 through the first tube shell 51, so that the medium in the heat exchange cavity 52 evaporates, the gaseous medium carries heat to rise to the second tube shell 54, and the subsequent heat release process is prepared, the cold wind is input into the heat release cavity 42 through the cold wind input pipe 41, the heat dissipation fins 44 in the heat release cavity 42 are tightly connected with the second tube shell 54, the cold wind exchanges heat with the second tube shell 54 through the heat dissipation fins 44, absorbs the heat in the gaseous medium, and achieves waste heat recovery.

[0085] The medium is condensed into liquid after being heated, falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity 52 under the action of gravity, forms a circulating heat exchange process, the flue gas after heat release is discharged through the flue gas output pipe 23, and the cold wind after heat absorption is discharged through the hot wind output pipe 43, so that the effective recovery and utilization of waste heat are realized.

[0086] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limited. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas, comprising a base frame (1), a heat absorbing mechanism (2) fixedly mounted on the top of the base frame (1), a middle partition (3) and a heat releasing component (4), and a plurality of pipe body components (5) arranged inside the heat absorbing mechanism (2) and the heat releasing component (4), characterized in that: The heat absorption mechanism (2) comprises a waste heat recovery chamber (22) fixedly mounted on the top of the base frame (1), wherein a heat buffer component (25) and an adjustment component (26) are provided inside the waste heat recovery chamber (22); The heat buffer assembly (25) comprises a sealed buffer chamber (251) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the waste heat recovery chamber (22) and two limiting frames (252), the two limiting frames (252) are symmetrically arranged inside the sealed buffer chamber (251), a liquid absorption core plate (253) and a plurality of heat absorption fins (255) are fixedly connected between the two limiting frames (252), the tops of the plurality of heat absorption fins (255) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealed buffer chamber (251), and two adjacent limiting frames (252) are fixedly connected to each other. A medium storage cavity (256) is formed between the heat-absorbing fins (255), and a gas flow cavity (257) is further provided inside the sealed buffer cavity (251). The gas flow cavity (257) is communicated with the medium storage cavity (256). A plurality of inflatable heat-conducting films (258) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealed buffer cavity (251). After the medium in the medium storage cavity (256) evaporates, it is guided to the inner surface of the inflatable heat-conducting film (258) through the gas flow cavity (257).

2. The waste heat recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (26) includes a plurality of receiving grooves (263) provided inside the base frame (1), the inner walls of the receiving grooves (263) are fixedly connected with telescopic springs (262), a lifting plate (261) is fixedly connected between the tops of the plurality of telescopic springs (262), and the outer wall of the lifting plate (261) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the waste heat recovery chamber (22).

3. The waste heat recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The two ends of the waste heat recovery chamber (22) are respectively connected to a smoke input pipe (21) and a smoke output pipe (23); the interior of the smoke output pipe (23) is connected to an auxiliary exhaust pipe (24); and the auxiliary exhaust pipe (24) is connected to the waste heat recovery chamber (22).

4. The waste heat recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The tube body assembly (5) comprises a second tube shell (54) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the middle partition (3); the inner wall of the second tube shell (54) is slidably connected to the first tube shell (51); a heat exchange cavity (52) is formed between the second tube shell (54) and the first tube shell (51).

5. The waste heat recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the second tube shell (54) is fixedly connected to a second sealing ring (55), the outer wall of the first tube shell (51) is fixedly connected to a first sealing ring (53), and the second tube shell (54) and the first tube shell (51) are sealed by the second sealing ring (55) and the first sealing ring (53).

6. The waste heat recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the sealed buffer cavity (251) is further provided with a plurality of penetration grooves (254), the inner walls of the plurality of penetration grooves (254) are respectively slidably connected to the outer walls of the plurality of first tube shells (51), and the bottoms of the plurality of first tube shells (51) are all in contact with the top of the lifting plate (261).

7. The waste heat recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The heat release component (4) comprises a heat release cavity (42) fixedly connected to the top of the middle partition (3); the inner wall of the heat release cavity (42) is fixedly connected to a plurality of heat dissipation fins (44); and the inner walls of the plurality of heat dissipation fins (44) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of second tube shells (54).

8. The waste heat recovery device for boiler combustion flue gas according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The two ends of the heat release chamber (42) are respectively connected to a cold air input pipe (41) and a hot air output pipe (43), wherein the cold air input pipe (41) is located above the smoke output pipe (23), and the hot air output pipe (43) is located above the smoke input pipe (21).

9. A method for recovering waste heat from boiler combustion flue gas using a waste heat recovery device, comprising: The following steps are involved: Step 1: introducing the flue gas generated by combustion of the marine boiler into the waste heat recovery chamber (22) through the flue gas inlet pipe (21); Step 2: When the boiler load is lower than 1.5 tons / hour, the flue gas flow is low, and heat is absorbed by the heat pipe only through the upper half of the waste heat recovery chamber (22); Step 3: When the boiler load is higher than 1.5 tons / hour and the flue gas flow is high, the lifting plate (261) is squeezed to expand the heat absorption range; Step 4: The thermal buffer component (25) absorbs part of the heat and stores it to prevent the heat pipe temperature from rising and falling sharply and reduce thermal shock; Step 5: When the lifting plate (261) descends, the auxiliary exhaust pipe (24) leaks out to guide the smoke to flow evenly, avoiding excessive local resistance; Step 6: The heat of the flue gas is transferred to the evaporating medium inside the heat exchange chamber (52) through the first tube shell (51), and the gaseous medium carries the heat and rises to the second tube shell (54); Step 7: The cold air input pipe (41) inputs cold air to exchange heat with the second tube shell (54) through the heat dissipation fins (44); Step 8: After absorbing heat, the medium condenses into liquid and falls back to the bottom of the heat exchange chamber (52) under the action of gravity; Step 9: The smoke after releasing heat is discharged through the smoke output pipe (23), and the cold air after absorbing heat is discharged through the hot air output pipe (43).

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