Multiphase ceramic composite board and preparation method thereof, metal-based ceramic composite lining plate for ball mill and preparation method of metal-based ceramic composite lining plate

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic metal composite materials, and particularly relates to a multiphase ceramic composite plate and a preparation method thereof, and a metal-based ceramic composite lining plate for a ball mill and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of zirconium oxide, 5-10 parts of silicon carbide, 5-10 parts of aluminum oxide, 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2-5 parts of tungsten carbide, 2-4 parts of scandium oxide, 2-4 parts of cobalt oxide, 1-3 parts of potassium tantalate, 1-3 parts of potassium titanate, 1-2 parts of bismuth trioxide and 1-2 parts of erbium oxide. A compact ceramic plate is obtained through mixing, wet grinding, drying, pressing and high-temperature sintering, and the special-shaped ceramic sheet is formed through further crushing and screening. The special-shaped sheet is laid in a mold and filled with high-chromium cast iron powder, and the integrated metal-based ceramic composite lining plate with a stable structure is formed through compaction and high-temperature sintering. The prepared lining plate has the high hardness of ceramic and the toughness of metal, and is suitable for high-abrasion equipment such as a ball mill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic-metal composite materials, and in particular relates to a multiphase ceramic composite plate and a preparation method thereof, and a metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ball mills are widely used in mining, building materials, metallurgy, chemical engineering, and other fields as grinding equipment. Their internal liners play an important role in protecting the cylinder, preventing wear, and enhancing grinding efficiency during long-term operation. Currently, commonly used liner materials on the market include high-manganese steel, high-chromium cast iron, rubber liners, and ceramic liners. Each of these materials has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, high-manganese steel liners have high impact toughness but insufficient wear resistance. Ceramic liners, while offering excellent wear and corrosion resistance, are brittle, have poor load-bearing capacity, and are prone to breakage, limiting their application in heavy-load ball milling conditions.

[0003] To improve the overall performance of liner plates, some research has proposed the use of metal-matrix composites or ceramic-metal composites, combining the high strength of metal with the wear resistance of ceramics. Typical methods involve embedding ceramic particles or strips within a metal matrix, employing processes such as casting, hot pressing, and thermal spraying. However, existing technologies still suffer from issues such as a weak ceramic-metal interface, significant differences in thermal expansion coefficients leading to detachment, and complex or costly composite processes, making it difficult to achieve a balanced balance of wear resistance, reliability, and manufacturing economics.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a metal-based ceramic composite liner and its preparation method with reasonable structure, firm interface bonding, simple manufacturing process, excellent wear resistance and adaptability to the harsh working environment of the ball mill, so as to make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology and improve the operating efficiency and service life of the ball mill equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose: a multiphase ceramic composite plate, whose composition includes the following components, by weight: 70-90 parts of zirconium oxide, 5-10 parts of silicon carbide, 5-10 parts of aluminum oxide, 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2-5 parts of tungsten carbide, 2-4 parts of scandium oxide, 2-4 parts of cobalt oxide, 1-3 parts of potassium tantalate, 1-3 parts of potassium titanate, 1-2 parts of bismuth trioxide, and 1-2 parts of erbium oxide; the composition is wet-milled, pressed, and sintered to obtain the multiphase ceramic composite plate.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the following components are included by weight: 80 parts of zirconium oxide, 9 parts of silicon carbide, 6 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 3 parts of tungsten carbide, 3 parts of scandium oxide, 3 parts of cobalt oxide, 1.5 parts of potassium tantalate, 1.5 parts of potassium titanate, 1.5 parts of bismuth trioxide, and 1.5 parts of erbium oxide.

[0007] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a multiphase ceramic composite plate, comprising the following steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials: weigh in order by weight: 70-90 parts of zirconium oxide ceramic powder, 5-10 parts of silicon carbide ceramic powder, 5-10 parts of aluminum oxide ceramic powder, 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide powder, 2-5 parts of tungsten carbide alloy powder, 2-4 parts of scandium oxide powder, 2-4 parts of cobalt oxide powder, 1-3 parts of potassium tantalate powder, 1-3 parts of potassium titanate powder, 1-2 parts of bismuth trioxide powder, and 1-2 parts of erbium oxide powder; S2, mixing process: all the weighed powders are placed in a mixing device in a dry state, and stirred and mixed continuously for 1-2 hours to form an initial mixture; S3, wet grinding dispersion: add ethanol to the initial mixture to prepare a slurry state, transfer to a ball mill and ball mill for 4-6 hours, maintaining an inert atmosphere during the process; S4, drying and screening: drying the milled slurry at a temperature of 80-120°C, and then screening the particle size through a sieve to obtain a composite ceramic powder; S5. Plate pressing: The screened ceramic powder is placed into a mold of a preset size and pressed to a thickness of 2-5 mm under a pressure of 100-200 MPa to form a plate-shaped green body; S6. High-temperature sintering: Place the plate-shaped green body in a high-temperature furnace and heat it continuously at 1900-2100°C for 3-5 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere. After sintering, a multiphase ceramic plate is obtained.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, in step S1, the particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is 100-200 nm; the particle size of the silicon carbide powder, aluminum oxide powder, titanium dioxide powder, tungsten carbide alloy powder, scandium oxide powder, cobalt oxide powder, potassium tantalate powder, potassium titanate powder, bismuth trioxide powder and erbium oxide powder are all 100-150 nm.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, in step S1, the particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is 120-150 nm; the particle sizes of the remaining components are all 100-120 nm.

[0010] The present invention also provides a metal-based ceramic composite lining for a ball mill, comprising a wear-resistant panel layer and a high-chromium cast iron backing layer. The wear-resistant panel layer contains special-shaped sheets obtained by crushing and screening the multi-phase ceramic composite plate.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, crushing refers to using a chain crusher or a hammer crusher to crush the multi-phase ceramic composite plate to obtain plate fragments.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, screening means passing the plate fragments through sieves with apertures of 10 mm and 50 mm in sequence to obtain multi-phase ceramic special-shaped sheets with a size of 10-50 mm.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill, comprising the following steps: A1. Bottom laying: evenly lay the multi-phase ceramic special-shaped sheets on the bottom of the refractory mold. The thickness of the layer should be controlled at 10-20mm. Natural gaps should be kept between the particles to avoid overlapping and stacking. After laying, the surface should be mechanically leveled to ensure that the surface is basically level and stable. A2. Metal powder filling: Add high chromium cast iron powder into the mold and slowly pour it onto the special-shaped ceramic particles. The filling thickness is controlled at 40-80mm. Then apply mechanical vibration with a frequency of 30-60Hz and a duration of 30-90 seconds to ensure that the powder fully fills the gaps between the ceramic particles and is evenly distributed. After vibration, use a scraper to level the surface. A3. Overall sintering: Place the filled mold into a high-temperature sintering furnace and sinter under an argon or nitrogen protective atmosphere. The sintering heating rate is 5-10℃ / min, the target temperature is 1450-1500℃, and the holding time is 60-120 minutes. A4. Cooling and demoulding: After sintering, it is naturally cooled to room temperature in the furnace. After demoulding, a metal-based ceramic composite lining with an integral structure is obtained.

[0014] Beneficial effects The present invention provides a multiphase ceramic composite plate. This system is composed of a combination of various ceramic powders, such as zirconium oxide, silicon carbide, and aluminum oxide, along with high-melting-point metal compounds and rare earth oxides. The resulting composite material achieves a balanced combination of high toughness, high hardness, high thermal stability, and good formability. Zirconia, as the primary crystalline phase, imparts excellent crack resistance and thermal shock stability. Silicon carbide and tungsten carbide enhance overall wear resistance and compressive strength. Components such as scandium oxide, cobalt oxide, and potassium tantalate contribute to phase boundary control and grain refinement, further enhancing the material's density and service stability.

[0015] Through ball milling, drying, pressing, and high-temperature sintering, the resulting multiphase ceramic sheet exhibits a uniform microstructural distribution with no apparent grain aggregation. Its thickness is controlled at 2-5 mm, making it suitable for subsequent directional crushing and screening. Furthermore, the resulting ceramic shaped sheets are combined with high-chromium cast iron powder in the same mold to form a layered structure. This structure is then uniformly sintered to form an integrated ceramic-metal composite liner. This structure effectively combines the high hardness of the ceramic material with the toughness of the metal matrix, avoiding the problems of ceramic shedding or interfacial delamination found in traditional embedded liners.

[0016] This invention utilizes rational process parameter control, with the ceramic particle size controlled between 10 and 50 mm, the thickness of the paving layer and the metal layer being stably matched, and the entire sintering process completed in a protective atmosphere, ensuring interfacial bonding quality and structural integrity. The resulting metal-based ceramic composite liner exhibits excellent wear resistance and impact toughness, making it suitable for high-wear and high-impact load scenarios. It is particularly well-suited for medium- and long-term service in heavy-duty equipment such as ball mills, extending the liner replacement cycle and improving equipment operating efficiency and cost-effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a SEM photo of the special-shaped ceramic sheet prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of comparative experimental results (average wear weight loss) of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of comparative experimental results (impact breakage rate) of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of comparative experimental results (number of thermal shock tolerance cycles) of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 (T1) This embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based ceramic composite lining plate, wherein the multiphase ceramic plate involved is prepared from the following raw materials in the following proportions, and the specific process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown: S1. Weigh the raw materials: weigh in order by weight: Take 80 parts zirconium oxide, 9 parts silicon carbide, 6 parts aluminum oxide, 3 parts titanium dioxide, 3 parts tungsten carbide, 3 parts scandium oxide, 3 parts cobalt oxide, 1.5 parts potassium tantalate, 1.5 parts potassium titanate, 1.5 parts bismuth trioxide, and 1.5 parts erbium oxide. The raw material particle size is controlled to be 120-150nm for zirconium oxide and 100-120nm for the other components.

[0020] S2. Mixing process: All the weighed powders are put into a mixer, mixed and stirred in a dry environment for 1 hour to ensure that all components are fully and evenly contacted to form an initial mixture.

[0021] S3. Wet grinding dispersion: The initial mixture was mixed with ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:0.4 to form a slurry, which was transferred to a ball mill and ball milled for 4 hours using zirconia grinding balls as the grinding medium. A nitrogen protective atmosphere was maintained during the ball milling process to control the oxygen content to less than 0.5%.

[0022] S4. Drying and sieving: The ball-milled slurry is dried using a vacuum drying device at a drying temperature of 100° C. After drying, it is sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a composite ceramic powder with uniform particle size.

[0023] S5. Plate pressing: The screened ceramic powder is placed into a 200 mm × 200 mm mold and cold pressed at a pressure of 120 MPa to form a ceramic plate-shaped green body with a thickness of 3 mm.

[0024] S6. High-temperature sintering: Place the green body in a high-temperature sintering furnace, and heat it to 1900°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min in a hydrogen protective atmosphere. Keep it at this temperature for 5 hours and then cool it in the furnace to obtain a dense multiphase ceramic plate.

[0025] The multiphase ceramic plates are mechanically crushed and then sieved through sieves with apertures of 10 mm and 50 mm respectively, and the special-shaped ceramic sheets with a particle size of 10-50 mm are retained and used as the ceramic wear-resistant layer of the metal-based composite lining.

[0026] Then, a composite structure is constructed: the obtained special-shaped ceramic particles are evenly laid on the bottom of the refractory mold with a layer thickness of 10 mm. After the particles are naturally spread, the surface is scraped flat; then high-chromium cast iron powder is slowly poured into the mold. The powder particle size is controlled in the range of 200-300 μm, and the filling thickness is 40 mm. A vibration method with a frequency of 30 Hz and a duration of 90 seconds is used to ensure that the metal powder fully fills the ceramic gaps.

[0027] After filling, the mold is placed in a high-temperature furnace and sintered under an argon protective atmosphere at a heating rate of 5°C / min, a target temperature of 1450°C, and a holding time of 60 minutes. After sintering, the mold is cooled to room temperature and demolded to obtain a metal-based ceramic composite liner.

[0028] Example 2 (T2) This embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based ceramic composite lining plate. The multiphase ceramic plate involved is prepared from the following raw materials in the following proportions. The specific process is as follows: S1. Weigh the raw materials: weigh in order by weight: 70 parts zirconium oxide, 5 parts silicon carbide, 5 parts aluminum oxide, 2 parts titanium dioxide, 2 parts tungsten carbide, 2 parts scandium oxide, 2 parts cobalt oxide, 1 part potassium tantalate, 1 part potassium titanate, 1 part bismuth trioxide, and 1 part erbium oxide. The particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is controlled to be 120-150 nm, and the particle size of the remaining components is controlled to be 100-120 nm.

[0029] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1 (T1).

[0030] Example 3 (T3) This embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based ceramic composite lining plate. The multiphase ceramic plate involved is prepared from the following raw materials in the following proportions. The specific process is as follows: S1. Weigh the raw materials: weigh in order by weight: 90 parts of zirconium oxide, 10 parts of silicon carbide, 10 parts of aluminum oxide, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 5 parts of tungsten carbide, 4 parts of scandium oxide, 4 parts of cobalt oxide, 3 parts of potassium tantalate, 3 parts of potassium titanate, 2 parts of bismuth trioxide, and 2 parts of erbium oxide. The particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is controlled to be 120-150 nm, and the particle size of the remaining components is controlled to be 100-120 nm.

[0031] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1 (T1).

[0032] Comparative Example 1 (C1) In order to verify the technical effect of the parameters of the present invention, this comparative example provides a multi-phase ceramic plate preparation scheme that does not adopt the ratio of the present invention. The specific process is as follows: S1. Weigh the raw materials: weigh in order by weight: 65 parts zirconium oxide, 11 parts silicon carbide, 6 parts aluminum oxide, 3 parts titanium dioxide, 3 parts tungsten carbide, 3 parts scandium oxide, 3 parts cobalt oxide, 1.5 parts potassium tantalate, 1.5 parts potassium titanate, 1.5 parts bismuth trioxide, and 1.5 parts erbium oxide. The zirconium oxide powder has a particle size of 120-150 nm, and the particle sizes of the remaining components are all 100-120 nm.

[0033] S2. Mixing process: all raw materials are placed in a mixing device and dry mixed for 1.5 hours to form a uniform initial mixture.

[0034] S3. Wet grinding dispersion: The mixture was mixed with ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:0.4 to form a slurry, and wet milled in a ball mill for 5 hours using zirconia balls as grinding media. Nitrogen protection was introduced during the ball milling process.

[0035] S4. Drying and sieving: The slurry is vacuum dried at a temperature of 100° C. The dried powder is sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain ceramic powder.

[0036] S5. Plate pressing: The ceramic powder is placed into a 200 mm × 200 mm mold and cold pressed at a pressure of 150 MPa to obtain a plate-shaped green body with a thickness of 4 mm.

[0037] S6. High-temperature sintering: Place the green body in a high-temperature furnace, heat it to 2000°C in a hydrogen atmosphere, keep it warm for 3 hours, and cool it to room temperature to obtain a ceramic plate.

[0038] S7. Crushing and screening: Crush the ceramic plates and pass them through 10mm and 50mm sieves in turn to screen out 10-50mm ceramic special-shaped particles.

[0039] S8. Bottom paving: evenly lay the special-shaped particles on the bottom of the refractory mold with a layer thickness of 15mm and a smooth surface.

[0040] S9. Metal powder filling: Slowly add high chromium cast iron powder into the mold, control the powder particle size in the range of 200-300μm, and fill with a thickness of 60mm. Use mechanical vibration at a frequency of 45Hz and for 60 seconds to ensure uniform filling.

[0041] S10. Overall sintering: Place the mold in a high-temperature furnace with argon protective atmosphere, heat to 1480°C at a heating rate of 6°C / min, keep warm for 90 minutes, cool and demould to obtain a metal-based ceramic composite liner.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 (C2) In order to verify the technical effect of the components of the present invention, this comparative example provides a ceramic composite lining board preparation scheme with a raw material composition different from that of the present invention. The specific process is as follows: S1. Weigh the raw materials: Weigh 60 parts of aluminum oxide, 20 parts of magnesium oxide, 10 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of calcium oxide, 3 parts of iron oxide, and 2 parts of zinc oxide in order by weight. The particle size of all powder raw materials used is controlled within the range of 100-150 nm.

[0043] S2. Mixing process: all the weighed powders are put into a mixing device, mixed and stirred for 1.5 hours in a dry environment to form an initial mixture.

[0044] S3. Wet grinding dispersion: The mixture was mixed with ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:0.4 to form a slurry, and the mixture was transferred to a ball mill and ball milled for 5 hours using alumina balls as the grinding medium. Nitrogen protection was introduced during the ball milling process.

[0045] S4. Drying and sieving: The slurry is dried by vacuum drying equipment at a temperature controlled at 100° C. The dried powder is sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain ceramic powder.

[0046] S5. Plate pressing: The ceramic powder is placed into a 180 mm × 180 mm mold and cold pressed at a pressure of 150 MPa to form a plate-shaped green body with a thickness of 3 mm.

[0047] S6. High-temperature sintering: Place the pressed green body in a high-temperature furnace, heat it to 1700°C in a hydrogen atmosphere, keep it at this temperature for 3 hours, and then cool it to obtain a ceramic plate.

[0048] S7. Crushing and screening: The obtained plates are mechanically crushed and screened through 10 mm and 50 mm aperture sieves in turn to obtain 10-50 mm ceramic special-shaped sheets.

[0049] S8. Bottom paving: evenly lay the screened special-shaped sheets on the bottom of the refractory mold with a layer thickness of 15mm. Smooth the surface after laying.

[0050] S9. Metal powder filling: Slowly add high chromium cast iron powder into the mold with a filling thickness of 60mm. Use a vibration method with a frequency of 45Hz and a duration of 60 seconds to ensure that the metal powder fully fills the gaps between the ceramic sheets.

[0051] S10. Overall sintering: Place the filled mold in a high-temperature furnace, heat it to 1480°C at 6°C / min under an argon atmosphere, keep it warm for 90 minutes, then naturally cool it to room temperature. After demoulding, a metal-based ceramic composite liner is obtained.

[0052] Comparative Example 3 (C3) This comparative example provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant liner using a traditional structure. Its structural form is different from that of the present invention. It does not contain multi-phase ceramic special-shaped sheets, and the entire structure is a single material laminated structure. The specific process is as follows: S1. Raw material preparation: Weigh 100 parts of high chromium cast iron powder, control the powder particle size to be in the range of 200-300 μm, and pre-dry for 4 hours to remove moisture and adsorbed gas.

[0053] S2. Mould filling: Pour high chromium cast iron powder directly into the refractory mould and fill it in batches. The filling height is controlled to 75mm. During the process, a vibration platform is used to vibrate the mould. Each vibration time is 30 seconds and the frequency is set to 40Hz.

[0054] S3. Overall sintering: Place the filled mold in a high-temperature furnace and heat it to 1450°C in an argon protective atmosphere at a heating rate of 8°C / min and a holding time of 90 minutes to melt the high chromium cast iron and self-organize into a block structure.

[0055] S4. Cooling and demoulding: After the insulation is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature with the furnace, and demoulding is performed to obtain a high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant lining with an integral structure.

[0056] Comparative experiment In order to verify the superiority of the metal-based ceramic composite liner prepared by the present invention in terms of wear resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties, the composite liner samples prepared by Example 1 (T1), Example 2 (T2), Example 3 (T3) and Comparative Example 1 (C1), Comparative Example 2 (C2), and Comparative Example 3 (C3) were selected and the following three performance tests were performed respectively: 1. Wear test: Each set of lining samples was processed into a 100mm×100mm×10mm standard specimen, and a comparative wear test was carried out on a dry wear tester with a load of 50N and a sliding distance of 5000m. The wear loss was measured after the test.

[0057] 2. Impact damage rate test: Place the sample on the impact test platform and perform 10 repeated impacts under the same impact energy (60J), and record the breakage, cracks and peeling.

[0058] 3. High-temperature thermal shock cycle test: Each group of samples is heated in a high-temperature furnace at 1000℃ for 10 minutes and then quickly immersed in room temperature water. One cycle is considered one round, and the number of cycles when obvious cracks or structural detachment occur is recorded.

[0059] The experimental results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Comparative test results Grouping Average weight loss due to wear (mg) Impact damage rate (%) Thermal shock tolerance rounds T1 18.4 3.2 18 T2 23.7 5.7 13 T3 15.2 2.4 21 C1 39.5 4.9 11 C2 56.8 7.9 18 C3 72.3 5.9 23 Data Analysis: The following is a comparison of the performance differences between Examples T1-T3 and Comparative Examples C1-C3 from four dimensions: micromorphology, average wear weight loss, impact breakage rate, and number of thermal shock resistance cycles: 1. Micromorphology: Micromorphology can reflect the dispersion uniformity and bonding degree of the material. Figure 2 As shown, the special-shaped ceramic sheet prepared in Example 1 of the present invention has uniform ceramic particles, and different ceramic particles are embedded in each other to form a uniform structure without the problem of agglomeration.

[0060] 2. Average wear weight loss analysis: This index reflects the wear resistance of the material. The lower the value, the better the wear resistance. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, T3 has the lowest weight loss due to wear (15.2 mg), followed by T1 (18.4 mg), and T2 has the highest weight loss (23.7 mg), indicating that the preferred ratio (T3) can significantly improve the wear resistance. In the comparative example, C3 (72.3 mg) has the most serious wear, followed by C2 (56.8 mg) and C1 (39.5 mg), which are much higher than those in the examples, indicating that the composite ceramic structure of the present invention is significantly superior to the traditional single material structure.

[0061] Conclusion: T3 > T1 > T2, which is better than all comparison examples, reflecting the synergistic anti-wear advantages of the composite ratio and organizational structure.

[0062] 3. Impact damage rate analysis: This index measures the impact toughness of the material. The lower the value, the stronger the crack resistance. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, T3 has the lowest impact breakage rate of only 2.4%, showing the best impact resistance; T1 and T2 are 3.2% and 5.7% respectively, both better than the comparative examples; C2 has the highest breakage rate (7.9%), C3 is 5.9%, and C1 is 4.9%, indicating that the comparative examples that do not adopt the structure or raw material system of the present invention have significant disadvantages in impact resistance.

[0063] Conclusion: T3 has the strongest crack resistance, and T1 and T2 are significantly better than group C samples.

[0064] 4. Analysis of thermal shock tolerance cycles: This index reflects the material's resistance to sudden changes in temperature. The higher the value, the more stable the structure. Figure 5 As shown, T3 performs best and can withstand 21 rounds of thermal shock cycles; T1 and T2 are 18 and 13 rounds respectively; in the comparative example, C3 can withstand 23 rounds, but it is an all-metal structure. Although it has strong thermal shock performance, it lacks wear resistance and structural rigidity; C1 is only 11 rounds, indicating that the insufficient proportion of zirconia makes the structure easy to crack; although C2 reaches 18 rounds, it suffers from severe wear.

[0065] Conclusion: Although C3 performs better in this indicator, its overall performance is significantly inferior to T3. T3 has the best overall performance among the three indicators, balancing wear resistance, impact resistance and thermal stability.

[0066] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multiphase ceramic composite plate, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components by weight: 70-90 parts of zirconium oxide, 5-10 parts of silicon carbide, 5-10 parts of aluminum oxide, 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2-5 parts of tungsten carbide, 2-4 parts of scandium oxide, 2-4 parts of cobalt oxide, 1-3 parts of potassium tantalate, 1-3 parts of potassium titanate, 1-2 parts of bismuth trioxide, and 1-2 parts of erbium oxide; the composition is wet-ground, pressed, and sintered to obtain the multiphase ceramic composite plate.

2. The multiphase ceramic composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components by weight: 80 parts of zirconium oxide, 9 parts of silicon carbide, 6 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 3 parts of tungsten carbide, 3 parts of scandium oxide, 3 parts of cobalt oxide, 1.5 parts of potassium tantalate, 1.5 parts of potassium titanate, 1.5 parts of bismuth trioxide, and 1.5 parts of erbium oxide.

3. A method for preparing a multiphase ceramic composite plate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Weigh the raw materials: weigh in order by weight: 70-90 parts of zirconium oxide ceramic powder, 5-10 parts of silicon carbide ceramic powder, 5-10 parts of aluminum oxide ceramic powder, 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide powder, 2-5 parts of tungsten carbide alloy powder, 2-4 parts of scandium oxide powder, 2-4 parts of cobalt oxide powder, 1-3 parts of potassium tantalate powder, 1-3 parts of potassium titanate powder, 1-2 parts of bismuth trioxide powder, and 1-2 parts of erbium oxide powder; S2, mixing process: all the weighed powders are placed in a mixing device in a dry state, and stirred and mixed continuously for 1-2 hours to form an initial mixture; S3, wet grinding dispersion: add ethanol to the initial mixture to prepare a slurry state, transfer to a ball mill and ball mill for 4-6 hours, maintaining an inert atmosphere during the process; S4, drying and screening: drying the milled slurry at a temperature of 80-120°C, and then screening the particle size through a sieve to obtain a composite ceramic powder; S5. Plate pressing: The screened ceramic powder is placed into a mold of a preset size and pressed to a thickness of 2-5 mm under a pressure of 100-200 MPa to form a plate-shaped green body; S6. High-temperature sintering: Place the plate-shaped green body in a high-temperature furnace and heat it continuously at 1900-2100°C for 3-5 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere. After sintering, a multiphase ceramic plate is obtained.

4. The method for preparing a multiphase ceramic composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S1, the particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is 100-200 nm; the particle size of the silicon carbide powder, aluminum oxide powder, titanium dioxide powder, tungsten carbide alloy powder, scandium oxide powder, cobalt oxide powder, potassium tantalate powder, potassium titanate powder, bismuth trioxide powder and erbium oxide powder are all 100-150 nm.

5. The method for preparing a multiphase ceramic composite plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is 120-150 nm; the particle sizes of the remaining components are all 100-120 nm.

6. A metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill, characterized in that: include: A wear-resistant panel layer and a high-chromium cast iron backing layer, wherein the wear-resistant panel layer contains special-shaped sheets obtained by crushing and screening the multi-phase ceramic composite plate material according to claim 1 or 2.

7. The metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill according to claim 6, characterized in that: Crushing refers to using a chain crusher or a hammer crusher to crush the multi-phase ceramic composite plate to obtain plate fragments.

8. The metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill according to claim 7, characterized in that: Screening means that the plate fragments are passed through sieves with apertures of 10 mm and 50 mm in succession to obtain multi-phase ceramic special-shaped sheets with a size of 10-50 mm.

9. The method for preparing a metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill according to claim 8, wherein: The following steps are involved: A1. Bottom laying: evenly lay the multi-phase ceramic special-shaped sheets on the bottom of the refractory mold. The thickness of the layer should be controlled at 10-20mm. Natural gaps should be kept between the particles to avoid overlapping and stacking. After laying, the surface should be mechanically leveled to ensure that the surface is basically level and stable. A2. Metal powder filling: Add high chromium cast iron powder into the mold and slowly pour it onto the special-shaped ceramic particles. The filling thickness is controlled at 40-80mm. Then apply mechanical vibration with a frequency of 30-60Hz and a duration of 30-90 seconds to ensure that the powder fully fills the gaps between the ceramic particles and is evenly distributed. After vibration, use a scraper to level the surface. A3. Overall sintering: Place the filled mold into a high-temperature sintering furnace and sinter under an argon or nitrogen protective atmosphere. The sintering heating rate is 5-10℃ / min, the target temperature is 1450-1500℃, and the holding time is 60-120 minutes. A4. Cooling and demoulding: After sintering, it is naturally cooled to room temperature in the furnace. After demoulding, a metal-based ceramic composite lining with an integral structure is obtained.

Images