Cyperus esculentus harvester and harvesting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a cyperus esculentus harvester and a harvesting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of cyperus esculentus harvesters. The cyperus esculentus crushing device comprises a vehicle frame, a supporting table is arranged on one side of the vehicle frame, a plurality of connecting frames are fixedly connected between the vehicle frame and the supporting table, a crushing assembly is arranged on the supporting table, soil can be crushed conveniently, cyperus esculentus can be turned out of the soil, and a feeding mechanism is arranged at the end, close to the supporting table, of the vehicle frame; crushed soil mixed with cyperus esculentus is conveyed conveniently, meanwhile, large soil is further crushed, follow-up screening is facilitated, a screening and impurity removing structure is arranged on the inner side of the vehicle frame, the screening and impurity removing structure is matched with a discharging opening of the feeding mechanism, the crushed soil is subjected to multi-stage screening conveniently, the cyperus esculentus is screened out of the soil, and therefore the cyperus esculentus can be screened out conveniently. Light impurities such as grass leaves and grass branches mixed in the cyperus esculentus are removed, the impurity removal effect of the cyperus esculentus is effectively improved, and the cyperus esculentus is conveniently harvested.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of cyperus esculentus harvesting machines, and particularly relates to a cyperus esculentus harvesting machine and a harvesting method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cyperus esculentus, also known as tiger nuts and sedge grass, is originally from African and Mediterranean coastal countries and belongs to sedge annual plants. It is a new type of oil and grain crop with high quality, high yield and high comprehensive utilization value, and is also an ornamental plant for beautifying and greening the environment. The growth environment of cyperus esculentus is similar to that of peanuts. The mature cyperus esculentus fruits are generally located at a depth of 10 to 12 cm below the ground. The cyperus esculentus fruits are mixed with the growth stems, the fruit stems, part of the rhizomes and the sand soil. During harvesting, the aboveground seedlings are usually harvested as high-quality forage, and then the soil is turned over to collect the grains.

[0003] At present, during the harvesting of cyperus esculentus, the traditional method is to manually collect the cyperus esculentus, which has high labor intensity and low harvesting efficiency. Some oil cyperus esculentus harvesting machines are used to transport and screen the soil containing cyperus esculentus, so as to screen the cyperus esculentus from the soil and realize the harvesting of the cyperus esculentus. During the harvesting process, only a single-layer or double-layer screening structure is used to screen the cyperus esculentus from the soil, and the screened cyperus esculentus is mixed with light impurities such as grass leaves and branches, which cannot be screened out, so that the screening and impurity removal effect is poor, and the harvesting of the cyperus esculentus is affected.

[0004] To solve the above problems, we design a cyperus esculentus harvesting machine and a harvesting method thereof. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the application is realized by the following technical scheme: The application is a cyperus esculentus harvesting machine, which comprises a frame, a support table is arranged on one side of the frame, two connecting frames are fixedly connected between the frame and the support table, a crushing assembly is arranged on the support table, a feeding mechanism is arranged at one end of the frame close to the support table, a screening and impurity removal structure is arranged on the inner side of the frame, and the screening and impurity removal structure is matched with the feeding mechanism. First fixed rod and second fixed rod, the first fixed rod and second fixed rod are opposite fixed in the inside of frame, and the first fixed rod and second fixed rod are respectively hinged with first sieve plate and second sieve plate at the center of outer wall, the second sieve plate is matched with the discharge end of first sieve plate, the inside of frame is rotatably provided with first support rod and second support rod, the outer wall of first support rod and second support rod is fixedly provided with a plurality of cams, a plurality of cams are matched with the bottom of first sieve plate and second sieve plate respectively, the inside of frame is sequentially provided with first fan, second fan and third fan, first fan, second fan and third fan are matched with the discharge port of feeding mechanism, the discharge end of first sieve plate and the discharge end of second sieve plate respectively.

[0006] The crushing assembly comprises a fixing frame fixed on the top of the support table, a lead screw is arranged between the inner wall of the fixing frame and the support table, a lifting plate is threadedly arranged on the lead screw, two lifting rods are movably arranged on the support table, the upper end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the bottom of the lifting plate, and a mounting frame is fixedly connected between the lower ends of the two lifting rods, a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the inner side of the mounting frame, and a plurality of rotary tillage knives are sleeved on the rotating shaft.

[0007] Two through grooves are arranged on the fixing frame, a guide rod is fixedly arranged in the through groove, a guide block is movably sleeved on the guide rod, the two guide blocks are fixedly connected with the two ends of the lifting plate respectively, a scale is arranged on one side of the outer wall of the fixing frame, a pointer is fixedly arranged on one of the guide blocks, and the pointer is matched with the scale, a first motor is mounted on the top of the fixing frame, the output end of the first motor is connected with the upper end of the lead screw, a second motor is mounted on one side of the mounting frame, and the output end of the second motor is connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft.

[0008] The feeding mechanism comprises a shovel, a groove is fixed on one side of the inner cavity of the frame close to the support table, the side of the groove close to the support table is fixedly connected with the shovel, two rake claws are rotatably mounted on the shovel through a rotating shaft, a cavity is formed in the inside of the shovel, two servo motors are mounted in the cavity, the output end of the servo motor is connected with the lower end of the rotating shaft, the inner cavity of the groove is funnel-shaped structure, a conveying pipe is embedded on the groove, the lower end of the conveying pipe is located in the inner cavity of the groove, a rotating rod is arranged in the conveying pipe, helical leaves are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod, a discharging pipe is connected on one side of the outer wall of the conveying pipe, the discharge port of the discharging pipe is located on the upper side of the first sieve plate, a third motor is mounted on the upper side of the conveying pipe, and the output end of the third motor is connected with the rotating rod.

[0009] The screening and impurity removal structure further comprises a receiving trough, the receiving trough is arranged in the inner cavity of the frame, and the opening end of the receiving trough is matched with the discharge end of the second sieve plate.

[0010] The inner wall of the frame is rotatably provided with a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft, the fourth motor is mounted on the inner wall of the frame through a support, the output end of the fourth motor is connected with a third connecting shaft, the first fan, the second fan and the third fan are fixedly installed at the front ends of the first connecting shaft, the second connecting shaft and the third connecting shaft respectively, and the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft and the third connecting shaft are provided with first transmission assemblies.

[0011] The outer sides of the first fan, the second fan and the third fan are covered with fan covers, a plurality of connecting rods are fixed between the fan covers and the first fixed rods, the second fixed rods and the adjacent connecting blocks respectively, and a plurality of traction blocks are fixed on the side, away from the frame, of the support table.

[0012] A harvesting method, comprising the following steps: Step one: firstly, the support table is fixedly connected to the agricultural tractor through the traction blocks, and secondly, the first motor and the second motor are started, and under the action of the second motor, the rotating shaft is combined to drive the rotary tiller to rotate, the screw rod is driven to rotate through the first motor, under the action of the lifting plate, the lifting rod is combined to drive the mounting frame to move downward, thereby driving the rotary tiller in the rotating state to rotate into the soil, and under the cooperation of the pointer and the scale, the rotary tiller depth is adjusted, and the soybean rush is scattered together with the soil; Step two: the servo motor and the third motor are started, along with the movement of the agricultural tractor, the bucket is driven to push the soil mixed with soybean rush broken by the rotary tiller, at the same time, under the action of the servo motor, the rake claw is driven to rotate, the soil pushed by the bucket is raked into the groove body, at the same time, under the action of the third motor, the rotating rod is driven to rotate, combined with the spiral blade, the soil entering the groove body is conveyed upward along the inner cavity of the conveying pipe, at the same time, the large pieces of soil in the conveying process are further scattered, the scattered soil is conveyed along the inner cavity of the conveying pipe, discharged through the discharge pipe and falls into the first sieve plate on the lower side; Step three: start the fourth motor, drive the third connecting shaft to rotate through the fourth motor, under the action of the first transmission assembly, drive the second connecting shaft and the first connecting shaft to rotate synchronously, and under the action of the second transmission assembly, drive the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod to rotate synchronously, through the rotation of the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod, drive the cam to rotate synchronously, combined with the hinged installation of the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate, drive the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate to vibrate synchronously, through the vibration of the first sieve plate, the mixture of oil bean and soil is preliminarily screened, and the small particle soil is screened out through the sieve hole on the first sieve plate, and the oil bean after preliminary screening slides along the first sieve plate to the second sieve plate, and with the vibration of the second sieve plate, the oil bean slides into the receiving groove, realizing the purpose of secondary screening of the oil bean, wherein the rotation of the first connecting shaft, the second connecting shaft and the third connecting shaft drives the first fan, the second fan and the third fan to rotate synchronously, the first fan blows the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities in the oil bean discharged from the discharge pipe to the front side, the second fan blows the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities in the oil bean sliding from the first sieve plate to the second sieve plate to the front side, and the third fan blows the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities in the oil bean sliding from the second sieve plate to the receiving groove to the front side, completing the screening and impurity removal of the oil bean, and the screened oil bean slides along the second sieve plate into the receiving groove for collection.

[0013] The present application has the following beneficial effects: The second motor drives the rotary blade to rotate through the rotating shaft, and the first motor drives the screw to rotate, under the action of the lifting plate, combined with the lifting rod, drives the mounting bracket to move downward, and then drives the rotary rotary blade to rotate into the soil, under the cooperation of the pointer and the scale, adjusts the rotary depth of the rotary blade, and scatters the oil bean together with the soil; Meanwhile, the rotary soil is sent to the groove by the rake claw, wherein the third motor drives the rotating rod to rotate, combined with the spiral blade, the soil entering the groove is conveyed upward along the inner cavity of the conveying pipe, and the large block of soil in the conveying process is further scattered, the scattered soil is conveyed along the inner cavity of the conveying pipe, and is discharged through the discharge pipe and falls into the first sieve plate on the lower side; The fourth motor drives the third connecting shaft to rotate, and under the action of the first transmission assembly, the second connecting shaft and the first connecting shaft are driven to rotate synchronously, and under the action of the second transmission assembly, the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod are driven to rotate synchronously, and then the cam is driven to rotate synchronously, so that the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate are shaken synchronously, the mixture of oil bean and soil is preliminarily screened through the shaking of the first sieve plate, and the oil bean screened preliminarily slides along the first sieve plate to the second sieve plate, and with the shaking of the second sieve plate, the oil bean slides into the material receiving groove, so that the oil bean is screened twice. The first connecting shaft, the second connecting shaft and the third connecting shaft are rotated to drive the first fan, the second fan and the third fan to rotate synchronously, the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities in the oil bean discharged from the feeding pipe are blown forward by the first fan, the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities in the oil bean sliding from the first sieve plate to the second sieve plate are blown forward by the second fan, and the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities in the oil bean sliding from the second sieve plate to the material receiving groove are blown forward by the third fan, so that the oil bean is screened and impurities are removed, and the screened oil bean slides along the second sieve plate to the material receiving groove for collection, thereby solving the problems of high labor intensity and low harvesting efficiency of manual oil bean harvesting, and solving the problems of poor screening and impurity removal effect of the oil bean harvester with a single-layer or double-layer screening structure.

[0014] Of course, implementing any product of the present application does not necessarily need to achieve all the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed for the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application. Figure 2 It is a top view of the present application. Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application. Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application. Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application. Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application. Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application.Figure 2 Structure diagram of the middle section C-C; Figure 6 As Figure 3 Structure diagram of the middle section D-D; Figure 7 As Figure 3 Enlarged structure diagram at E; Figure 8 As Figure 4 Enlarged structure diagram at F; Figure 9 As Figure 1 Structure diagram from another perspective; Figure 10 As Figure 9 Enlarged structure diagram at G; Figure 11 As Figure 9 Structure diagram from another perspective; Figure 12 As Figure 11 Enlarged structure diagram at H.

[0017] In the drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows: 1, frame; 2, connecting frame; 3, support table; 4, fixing frame; 5, screw rod; 6, lifting plate; 7, lifting rod; 8, mounting frame; 9, rotating shaft; 10, rotary blade; 11, guide block; 12, guide rod; 13, pointer; 14, scale; 15, first motor; 16, second motor; 17, bucket; 18, rake claw; 19, groove body; 20, conveying pipe; 21, discharging pipe; 22, rotating rod; 23, spiral blade; 24, third motor; 25, first fixed rod; 26, second fixed rod; 27, first sieve plate; 28, second sieve plate; 29, first support rod; 30, second support rod; 31, cam; 32, receiving groove; 33, connecting block; 34, first connecting shaft; 35, second connecting shaft; 36, third connecting shaft; 37, first fan; 38, second fan; 39, third fan; 40, first transmission assembly; 41, second transmission assembly; 42, fan cover; 43, fourth motor; 44, traction block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0019] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "middle", "outer", "inner" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1-12 As shown in the drawings, the present application is a chufa harvester, comprising a frame 1, one side of the frame 1 is provided with a support table 3, two connecting frames 2 are fixedly connected between the frame 1 and the support table 3, a crushing assembly is arranged on the support table 3, an upper feeding mechanism is arranged on one end of the frame 1 close to the support table 3, a screening and impurity removing structure is arranged on the inner side of the frame 1, the screening and impurity removing structure is matched with the upper feeding mechanism, and the screening and impurity removing structure comprises: A first fixed rod 25 and a second fixed rod 26 are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the frame 1, and a first sieve plate 27 and a second sieve plate 28 are respectively hinged to the center of the outer wall of the first fixed rod 25 and the second fixed rod 26, the second sieve plate 28 is matched with the discharge end of the first sieve plate 27, a first support rod 29 and a second support rod 30 are rotatably arranged in the frame 1, a plurality of cams 31 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first support rod 29 and the second support rod 30, and the plurality of cams 31 are matched with the bottom of the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28, respectively, the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28 are driven to shake synchronously through the cams 31, the purpose of multi-stage screening of chufa is achieved, a first fan 37, a second fan 38 and a third fan 39 are arranged in sequence on the inner side of the frame 1, the first fan 37, the second fan 38 and the third fan 39 are matched with the discharge port of the upper feeding mechanism, the discharge end of the first sieve plate 27 and the discharge end of the second sieve plate 28, respectively, the first fan 37, the second fan 38 and the third fan 39 facilitate the removal of light-weight impurities such as grass leaves and branches mixed in the falling chufa, effectively improve the impurity removing effect of chufa, and facilitate the harvesting of chufa.

[0021] The crushing assembly comprises a fixed frame 4 fixedly arranged on the top of the support table 3, a lead screw 5 arranged between the inner wall of the fixed frame 4 and the support table 3, a lifting plate 6 threadedly arranged on the lead screw 5, two lifting rods 7 movably arranged on the support table 3, the lifting rods 7 being fixedly connected with the bottom of the lifting plate 6 at the upper end, an installation frame 8 fixedly arranged between the lower ends of the two lifting rods 7, a rotating shaft 9 rotatably arranged on the inner side of the installation frame 8, and a plurality of rotary tillage knives 10 sleeved on the rotating shaft 9.

[0022] Two through grooves are oppositely formed on the fixed frame 4, a guide rod 12 is fixed in the through grooves, a guide block 11 is movably sleeved on the guide rod 12, the two guide blocks 11 are fixedly connected with the two ends of the lifting plate 6 respectively, through the sliding cooperation of the guide block 11 and the guide rod 12, the lifting plate 6 is effectively limited and guided, the stability of the lifting plate 6 in the up-down movement process is ensured, a scale 14 is arranged on one side of the outer wall of the fixed frame 4, a pointer 13 is fixed on one of the guide blocks 11, the pointer 13 cooperates with the scale 14, a first motor 15 is installed on the top of the fixed frame 4, the output end of the first motor 15 is connected with the upper end of the lead screw 5, a second motor 16 is installed on one side of the mounting frame 8, the output end of the second motor 16 is connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft 9.

[0023] The feeding mechanism comprises a shovel 17, a groove 19 is fixed on one side of the inner cavity of the vehicle frame 1 close to the support table 3, one side of the groove 19 close to the support table 3 is fixedly connected with the shovel 17, two rake claws 18 are rotatably installed on the shovel 17 through rotating shafts, a cavity is formed in the inside of the shovel 17, two servo motors are installed in the cavity, the output ends of the servo motors are connected with the lower ends of the rotating shafts, the inner cavity of the groove 19 is funnel-shaped structure, the servo motor is convenient for driving the rake claws 18 to rotate, in combination with the shovel 17, it is convenient to scrape the mixed Cyperus esculentus with soil after rotary tillage and scattering to the inside of the groove 19, in combination with the funnel-shaped structure of the inner cavity of the groove 19, the mixed Cyperus esculentus with soil entering the groove 19 is gathered to the lower end of the conveying pipe 20, which is convenient for subsequent conveying, the conveying pipe 20 is embedded on the groove 19, the lower end of the conveying pipe 20 is located in the inner cavity of the groove 19, a rotating rod 22 is arranged in the conveying pipe 20, helical blades 23 are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod 22, a discharging pipe 21 is connected with one side of the outer wall of the conveying pipe 20, the discharge port of the discharging pipe 21 is located on the upper side of the first sieve plate 27, a third motor 24 is installed on the upper side of the conveying pipe 20, the output end of the third motor 24 is connected with the rotating rod 22.

[0024] The screening and impurity removing structure further comprises a receiving groove 32, the receiving groove 32 is arranged in the inner cavity of the vehicle frame 1, and the opening end of the receiving groove 32 cooperates with the discharge end of the second sieve plate 28, through the receiving groove 32, the Cyperus esculentus after the screening and impurity removing is conveniently collected, and the connecting blocks 33 are fixed between the two ends of the receiving groove 32 and the inner walls of the vehicle frame 1.

[0025] The first connecting shaft 34 and the second connecting shaft 35 are rotatably arranged on one side of the inner wall of the frame 1, the fourth motor 43 is mounted on the inner wall of the frame 1 through a support, the output end of the fourth motor 43 is connected with the third connecting shaft 36, the first fan 37, the second fan 38 and the third fan 39 are fixedly installed at the front ends of the first connecting shaft 34, the second connecting shaft 35 and the third connecting shaft 36 respectively, the first transmission assembly 40 is arranged between the first connecting shaft 34 and the second connecting shaft 35 and between the second connecting shaft 35 and the third connecting shaft 36, the second transmission assembly 41 is arranged between the first connecting shaft 34 and the first supporting rod 29 and between the second connecting shaft 35 and the second supporting rod 30, through the cooperation of the first transmission assembly 40 and the second transmission assembly 41, the first fan 37, the second fan 38 and the third fan 39 are conveniently driven to rotate synchronously, the first supporting rod 29 and the second supporting rod 30 are conveniently driven to rotate synchronously, the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28 are conveniently shaken synchronously, and the screening and impurity removal of the Cyperus esculentus are facilitated.

[0026] The fan covers 42 are arranged on the outer sides of the first fan 37, the second fan 38 and the third fan 39, the first fan 37, the second fan 38 and the third fan 39 are conveniently isolated and protected through the fan covers 42, the connecting rods are fixed between the fan covers 42 and the first fixed rod 25, the second fixed rod 26 and the adjacent connecting blocks 33 respectively, and the traction blocks 44 are fixed on the side, away from the frame 1, of the support table 3, so that the support table 3 and the agricultural tractor are conveniently fixedly connected together.

[0027] A harvesting method, comprising the following steps: Step one: firstly, the support table 3 is fixedly connected to the agricultural tractor through the traction blocks 44, secondly, the first motor 15 and the second motor 16 are started, under the action of the second motor 16, the rotating shaft 9 is combined, the rotating tiller 10 is driven to rotate, the lead screw 5 is driven to rotate through the first motor 15, under the action of the lifting plate 6, the lifting rod 7 is combined, the mounting frame 8 is driven to move downwards, and then the rotating tiller 10 in the rotating state is driven to rotate into the soil, the rotating tiller depth is adjusted through the cooperation of the pointer 13 and the scale 14, and the Cyperus esculentus is scattered together with the soil; Step two: the servo motor and the third motor 24 are started, along with the movement of the agricultural tractor, the bucket 17 is driven to push the soil mixed with the Cyperus esculentus which is broken by the tiller, the rake claw 18 is driven to rotate under the action of the servo motor, the soil pushed by the bucket 17 is raked and sent into the groove 19, the rotating rod 22 is driven to rotate under the action of the third motor 24, the soil entering the groove 19 is conveyed upwards along the inner cavity of the conveying pipe 20 in combination with the spiral blade 23, the soil after being broken is further broken during the conveying process, the broken soil is conveyed along the inner cavity of the conveying pipe 20, is discharged through the discharge pipe 21 and falls into the first sieve plate 27 below. Step three: start the fourth motor 43, drive the third connecting shaft 36 to rotate through the fourth motor 43, under the action of the first transmission assembly 40, drive the second connecting shaft 35 and the first connecting shaft 34 to rotate synchronously, at the same time, under the action of the second transmission assembly 41, drive the first support rod 29 and the second support rod 30 to rotate synchronously, through the rotation of the first support rod 29 and the second support rod 30, drive the cam 31 to rotate synchronously, combined with the hinged installation of the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28, drive the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28 to vibrate synchronously, through the vibration of the first sieve plate 27, the mixture of oil bean and soil is preliminarily screened, the small particle soil is screened out through the sieve hole on the first sieve plate 27, the oil bean after preliminary screening slides along the first sieve plate 27 to the second sieve plate 28, with the vibration of the second sieve plate 28, the oil bean slides into the receiving groove 32, realizing the purpose of secondary screening of the oil bean, wherein the rotation of the first connecting shaft 34, the second connecting shaft 35 and the third connecting shaft 36 drives the first fan 37, the second fan 38 and the third fan 39 to rotate synchronously, through the first fan 37, the grass leaves and branches with lighter weight in the oil bean discharged from the discharge pipe 21 are blown to the front side, through the second fan 38, the grass leaves and branches with lighter weight in the oil bean sliding from the first sieve plate 27 to the second sieve plate 28 are blown to the front side, at the same time, through the third fan 39, the grass leaves and branches with lighter weight in the oil bean sliding from the second sieve plate 28 to the receiving groove 32 are blown to the front side, completing the screening and impurity removal of the oil bean, the screened oil bean slides along the second sieve plate 28 into the receiving groove 32 for collection. Embodiment

[0028] When the oil bean is harvested, after the seedlings are harvested, first, the support table 3 is fixedly connected to the agricultural tractor through the traction block 44, second, the first motor 15 and the second motor 16 are started, the rotating shaft 9 is driven to rotate through the second motor 16, and then the rotary blade 10 is driven to rotate, the screw rod 5 is driven to rotate through the first motor 15, under the thread cooperation of the lifting plate 6 and the screw rod 5, combined with the sliding cooperation of the guide block 11 and the guide rod 12, the lifting plate 6 is stably driven to move downward, under the action of the lifting rod 7, the mounting frame 8 is synchronously and stably driven to move downward, and then the rotary blade 10 in the rotating state is driven to rotate into the soil; Under the cooperation of the pointer 13 and the scale 14, the rotary blade 10 is adjusted to rotate in the soil, and the soil planted with oil bean is scattered; Secondly, the agricultural tractor is driven to move, and the servo motor, the third motor 24 and the fourth motor 43 are started, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the servo motor, and then the rake claw 18 is driven to rotate; With the movement of the agricultural tractor, the frame 1 is pulled to move forward synchronously, thereby driving the shovel 17 to push the soil scattered by the rotary plough, and under the action of the rake claw 18, the soil is sent to the inside of the groove body 19 along the shovel 17, and under the action of the funnel-shaped structure of the inner cavity of the groove body 19, the soil entering the groove body 19 is gathered to the lower end of the conveying pipe 20; At this time, under the action of the third motor 24, the rotating rod 22 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the spiral blade 23 to rotate, the soil discharged from the lower end of the conveying pipe 20 is conveyed upward, and the large pieces of soil are further scattered in the conveying process, until the scattered soil is discharged through the discharge pipe 21 and falls into the first sieve plate 27 below; The fourth motor 43 drives the third connecting shaft 36 to rotate, under the action of the first transmission assembly 40, the second connecting shaft 35 and the first connecting shaft 34 are driven to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the first fan 37, the second fan 38 and the third fan 39 to rotate synchronously, and under the action of the second transmission assembly 41, the first support rod 29 and the second support rod 30 are driven to rotate synchronously, through the rotation of the first support rod 29 and the second support rod 30, the cam 31 is driven to rotate synchronously, combined with the hinged installation of the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28, when the protruding parts of the plurality of cams 31 are close to the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28, the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28 are lifted upward, when the protruding parts of the plurality of cams 31 are away from the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28, the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28 fall down, thereby realizing the shaking of the first sieve plate 27 and the second sieve plate 28; The mixture of soil and cyperus esculentus is discharged through the discharge pipe 21 until it falls on the first sieve plate 27, in the process, the grass leaves and branches in the mixture of soil and cyperus esculentus are blown forward by the first fan 37, and the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities are blown out, the mixture of soil and cyperus esculentus falling on the first sieve plate 27 is shaken by the first sieve plate 27, and the small particles of soil and other impurities are leaked through the sieve holes of the first sieve plate 27, the cyperus esculentus and the remaining soil and other impurities that cannot pass through the sieve holes slide along the first sieve plate 27 to the left and fall on the second sieve plate 28, in the process, the grass leaves and branches in the mixture of soil and cyperus esculentus are blown forward by the second fan 38, and the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities are blown out, the mixture of soil and cyperus esculentus falling on the second sieve plate 28 is shaken by the second sieve plate 28, and the small particles of soil and other impurities are further leaked through the sieve holes of the second sieve plate 28, and the larger particles of cyperus esculentus slide along the second sieve plate 28 to the left and fall into the receiving groove 32 for unified collection, in the process, the grass leaves and branches mixed in the cyperus esculentus are blown forward by the third fan 39, and the grass leaves and branches and other light impurities are blown out for the third time, effectively improving the screening and impurity removal effect of cyperus esculentus, facilitating the harvesting of cyperus esculentus, solving the problem of high labor intensity and low harvesting efficiency caused by manual harvesting of cyperus esculentus, and solving the problem of poor screening and impurity removal effect caused by the single-layer or double-layer screening structure of some cyperus esculentus harvesters during harvesting, and the grass leaves and branches mixed in the screened cyperus esculentus cannot be screened out.

[0029] It should be further explained that the mounting structure, connection mode or setting mode of each component in the present application are common mechanical modes, as long as the beneficial effects can be achieved, and the first motor 15, the second motor 16, the third motor 24 and the fourth motor 43 are purchased on the market, and the person skilled in the art can install and use them according to requirements. The first transmission assembly 40 and the second transmission assembly 41 are both composed of a belt pulley and a transmission belt, which are common transmission structures, and their specific structure, mounting mode, working principle and use method will not be described here.

[0030] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the application disclosed above are only to help explain the present application. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. It is intended that the scope of the application be limited not with this detailed description, but rather by the claims and the full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

Claims

1. A chufa harvesting machine comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a support table (3) on one side, and two connecting frames (2) are fixedly connected between the frame (1) and the support table (3). A crushing assembly is arranged on the support table (3). An upper mechanism is arranged on one end of the frame (1) close to the support table (3). A screening and impurity removing structure is arranged on the inner side of the frame (1) and cooperates with the upper mechanism. The screening and impurity removing structure comprises: A first fixed rod (25) and a second fixed rod (26) are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the frame (1), and a first sieve plate (27) and a second sieve plate (28) are hingedly connected to the outer wall centers of the first fixed rod (25) and the second fixed rod (26), respectively. The discharge end of the second sieve plate (28) cooperates with the discharge end of the first sieve plate (27). A first support rod (29) and a second support rod (30) are rotatably arranged in the frame (1). A plurality of cams (31) are fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the first support rod (29) and the second support rod (30). The plurality of cams (31) cooperates with the bottoms of the first sieve plate (27) and the second sieve plate (28), respectively. A first fan (37), a second fan (38), and a third fan (39) are arranged in sequence on the inner side of the frame (1). The first fan (37), the second fan (38), and the third fan (39) cooperates with the discharge port of the upper mechanism, the discharge end of the first sieve plate (27), and the discharge end of the second sieve plate (28), respectively.

2. A cyperus esculentus harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The crushing assembly comprises a fixed frame (4) fixed on the top of the support table (3). A lead screw (5) is arranged between the inner wall of the fixed frame (4) and the support table (3). A lifting plate (6) is threadedly arranged on the lead screw (5). Two lifting rods (7) are movably arranged on the support table (3). The upper ends of the lifting rods (7) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (6). An installation frame (8) is fixedly connected between the lower ends of the two lifting rods (7). A rotating shaft (9) is rotatably arranged in the inner side of the installation frame (8). A plurality of rotary tillage knives (10) are sleeved on the rotating shaft (9).

3. A cyperus esculentus harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterised in that, Two through grooves are arranged on the fixed frame (4) and penetrate through the fixed frame (4). A guide rod (12) is fixedly arranged in the through grooves. A guide block (11) is movably sleeved on the guide rod (12). The two guide blocks (11) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the lifting plate (6), respectively. A scale (14) is arranged on one side of the outer wall of the fixed frame (4). A pointer (13) is fixedly arranged on one of the guide blocks (11). The pointer (13) cooperates with the scale (14). A first motor (15) is arranged on the top of the fixed frame (4). The output end of the first motor (15) is connected to the upper end of the lead screw (5). A second motor (16) is arranged on one side of the installation frame (8). The output end of the second motor (16) is connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft (9).

4. A cyperus esculentus harvesting machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The upper feeding mechanism includes a shovel (17), the inner cavity of the frame (1) is fixed with a groove (19) on the side close to the support table (3), the side surface of the groove (19) close to the support table (3) is fixedly connected with the shovel (17), two rabble claws (18) are rotatably installed on the shovel (17) through a rotating shaft, a cavity is formed in the shovel (17), two servo motors are installed in the cavity, the output end of the servo motor is connected with the lower end of the rotating shaft, the inner cavity of the groove (19) is funnel-shaped, a conveying pipe (20) is embedded on the groove (19), the lower end of the conveying pipe (20) is located in the inner cavity of the groove (19), a rotating rod (22) is arranged in the conveying pipe (20), a spiral blade (23) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod (22), a discharging pipe (21) is connected to one side of the outer wall of the conveying pipe (20), the discharge port of the discharging pipe (21) is located on the upper side of the first sieve plate (27), a third motor (24) is installed on the upper side of the conveying pipe (20), and the output end of the third motor (24) is connected with the rotating rod (22).

5. A cyperus esculentus harvesting machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The screening and impurity removing structure further comprises a receiving groove (32), which is arranged in the inner cavity of the frame (1), and the opening end of the receiving groove (32) is matched with the discharge end of the second sieve plate (28), and the connecting blocks (33) are fixed between the two ends of the receiving groove (32) and the inner wall of the frame (1).

6. A cyperus esculentus harvesting machine according to claim 5, characterised in that, A first connecting shaft (34) and a second connecting shaft (35) are rotatably arranged on one side of the inner wall of the frame (1), a fourth motor (43) is installed on the inner wall of the frame (1) through a support, a third connecting shaft (36) is connected with the output end of the fourth motor (43), the first fan (37), the second fan (38) and the third fan (39) are fixedly installed on the front ends of the first connecting shaft (34), the second connecting shaft (35) and the third connecting shaft (36) respectively, the first transmission assembly (40) is arranged between the first connecting shaft (34) and the second connecting shaft (35) and between the second connecting shaft (35) and the third connecting shaft (36), and the second transmission assembly (41) is arranged between the first connecting shaft (34) and the first support rod (29) and between the second connecting shaft (35) and the second support rod (30).

7. A cyperus esculentus harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterised in that, The outer sides of the first fan (37), the second fan (38) and the third fan (39) are covered with fan covers (42), the connecting rods are fixed between the fan covers (42), the first fixed rod (25), the second fixed rod (26) and the adjacent connecting blocks (33), and a plurality of traction blocks (44) are fixed on the side of the support table (3) away from the frame (1).

8. A harvesting method based on the Cyperus esculentus harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: first, the support table (3) is fixedly connected to the agricultural tractor through the traction block (44), secondly, the first motor (15) and the second motor (16) are started, under the action of the second motor (16), the rotary tillage blade (10) is driven to rotate in combination with the rotating shaft (9), the screw rod (5) is driven to rotate through the first motor (15), under the action of the lifting plate (6), the mounting frame (8) is driven to move downwards in combination with the lifting rod (7), and then the rotary tillage blade (10) in the rotary state is driven to rotate into the soil, under the cooperation of the pointer (13) and the scale (14), the rotary tillage depth of the rotary tillage blade (10) is adjusted, and the carex is scattered together with the soil; Step two: the servo motor and the third motor (24) are started, along with the movement of the agricultural tractor, the bucket (17) is driven to push the soil mixed with carex which is broken by rotary tillage, under the action of the servo motor, the rake claw (18) is driven to rotate, the soil pushed by the bucket (17) is raked and sent into the groove body (19), under the action of the third motor (24), the rotating rod (22) is driven to rotate, in combination with the spiral blade (23), the soil entering the groove body (19) is upwardly conveyed along the inner cavity of the conveying pipe (20), meanwhile, the large pieces of soil in the conveying process are further scattered, the scattered soil is conveyed along the inner cavity of the conveying pipe (20), is discharged through the discharge pipe (21), and falls into the first sieve plate (27) on the lower side. Step three: start the fourth motor (43), drive the third connecting shaft (36) to rotate through the fourth motor (43), under the action of the first transmission assembly (40), drive the second connecting shaft (35) and the first connecting shaft (34) to rotate synchronously, at the same time under the action of the second transmission assembly (41), drive the first support rod (29) and the second support rod (30) to rotate synchronously, through the rotation of the first support rod (29) and the second support rod (30), drive the cam (31) to rotate synchronously, combined with the hinged installation of the first sieve plate (27) and the second sieve plate (28), drive the first sieve plate (27) and the second sieve plate (28) to vibrate synchronously, through the vibration of the first sieve plate (27), the mixture of oil bean and soil is preliminarily screened, the small particles of soil are screened out through the sieve hole on the first sieve plate (27), the oil bean screened preliminarily slides along the first sieve plate (27) to the second sieve plate (28), with the vibration of the second sieve plate (28), the oil bean slides into the receiving groove (32), realizing the purpose of secondary screening of oil bean, wherein the rotation of the first connecting shaft (34), the second connecting shaft (35) and the third connecting shaft (36) drives the first fan (37), the second fan (38) and the third fan (39) to rotate synchronously, through the first fan (37), the grass and branches with lighter weight in the oil bean discharged from the discharge pipe (21) are blown to the front side, through the second fan (38), the grass and branches with lighter weight in the oil bean sliding from the first sieve plate (27) to the second sieve plate (28) are blown to the front side, at the same time, through the third fan (39), the grass and branches with lighter weight in the oil bean sliding from the second sieve plate (28) to the receiving groove (32) are blown to the front side, completing the screening and impurity removal of oil bean, the screened oil bean slides along the second sieve plate (28) to the receiving groove (32) for collection.

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