Flexible array type external field program control nerve stimulation device, preparation method and application of flexible array type external field program control nerve stimulation device

Abstract

According to the flexible array type external field program control nerve stimulation device, the preparation method and the application thereof, the flexible array type external field program control nerve stimulation device comprises a flexible substrate layer and a stimulation response fiber array layer, and the stimulation response fiber array layer is prepared from a functional material capable of converting external field energy such as ultrasound, magnetism and light into electric energy; the flexible substrate layer with high flexibility is adopted, so that the flexible substrate layer can be matched with the surface of a nerve target tissue in a conformal manner; the stimulation response fiber array layer integrated on the flexible substrate layer in an array arrangement mode can meet the stimulation spatial resolution of neuron and even sub-neuron precision, has the characteristics of excellent flexibility, biocompatibility, passivity and wireless performance, can provide nerve electrical stimulation signals with high spatial resolution, and can be applied to the field of nerve electrical stimulation. The high-resolution nerve electrical stimulation device can be in conformal fit with the irregular surface of nerve soft tissue, and is suitable for high-resolution nerve electrical stimulation of different parts such as eyes, the brain and peripheral nerves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of biomedical engineering technology, and in particular to a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device, its preparation method and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Neuromodulation technology based on electrical nerve stimulation has shown broad application prospects in the treatment of nervous system diseases. Neurostimulation systems, which integrate implantable electrodes, power supplies, and controllers via interconnection, have been widely used in the treatment of various peripheral and central nervous system diseases, achieving breakthroughs particularly in visual restoration, limb motor function reconstruction, intervention for mental illnesses, and auditory reconstruction. For example, the system developed by Second Sight in the United States... Taking the high-density electrode array technology, exemplified by the II artificial retina system, as an example, this device, by integrating modules such as visual signal acquisition, wireless signal transmission, microcontroller chips, and arrayed electrodes, has successfully restored light perception in patients with advanced retinal degeneration, providing an innovative solution for blinding diseases that cannot be treated by traditional clinical methods. However, these traditional neurostimulation systems require multiple modules to work together and involve complex integration processes, resulting in high costs and limiting the large-scale clinical application of such devices.

[0003] In recent years, researchers have begun to explore novel neurostimulation systems based on functional materials that do not require complex system integration, converting external field energy into electricity to achieve passive, wireless neurostimulation. For example, Fabio Benfenati's research team at the Polytechnic University of Italy reported in *Nature Photonics* and *Nature Materials* in 2013 and 2017, respectively, a novel neurostimulation system based on organic photovoltaic semiconductor materials: an organic photovoltaic semiconductor film constructed using poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and fullerene derivatives (PCBM) can convert ambient light into electrical signals, activating retinal ganglion cells and restoring light perception in mice with damaged photoreceptor cells. Furthermore, C@BTO particles, constructed by modifying the surface of piezoelectric barium titanate (BaTiO3) particles with a carbon layer, can achieve ultrasonic stimulation of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain of zebrafish under ultrasonic drive; and a film prepared by mixing piezoelectric polymers poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) and azobenzene liquid crystal polymers can induce specific activation of retinal cells in vitro under 470nm light illumination.

[0004] However, these functional material-based neurostimulation systems are limited by the high modulus of the materials themselves, making interface adaptation with neural target tissues still difficult and greatly affecting the reliability of stimulation. At the same time, how to achieve high spatial resolution patterned stimulation to precisely modulate target nerves remains a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a flexible array-type external field programmable neural stimulation device, its preparation method, and its application that can not only provide high spatial resolution neural electrical stimulation signals but also conformally fit to irregular surfaces of neural soft tissues.

[0006] To solve the above problems, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] One of the objectives of this application is to provide a flexible array-type external field programmed neurostimulation device, comprising: a flexible substrate layer and a stimulation-responsive fiber array layer, wherein the stimulation-responsive fiber array layer is made of a functional material capable of converting external field energy into electrical energy, and is integrated on the flexible substrate layer in an array arrangement, wherein the external field energy includes at least one of ultrasound, magnetism, or light.

[0008] This invention does not impose strict requirements on specific flexible substrate materials; their selection depends on the end use and the desired effect. For example, to ensure that the material can form a thin film substrate that effectively conforms to curved tissues, it must possess good film-forming properties and flexibility, as well as good mechanical properties at high curvature. Simultaneously, to achieve high-resolution electrical stimulation, the flexible substrate material must have good insulation properties to effectively suppress charge diffusion.

[0009] Preferably, the flexible substrate is made of polyimide (PI), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), parylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polylactic acid (PLA), ethyl cellulose (EC), or silk fibroin. Preferably, the flexible substrate may also be made of one or more of the following hydrogel materials: starch, cellulose, lignin, chitosan, chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin, silk fibroin, albumin, soy protein, polypeptides, decellularized matrix, polyglutamic acid, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), polylysine, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polydioxanone, polyphosphate, polyamino acids, oxalic anhydride, polycarbonate, polyphosphazene, polyorthoester, or copolymers or derivatives containing the above units.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the flexible substrate layer is 1μm-3000μm.

[0011] Specifically, the present invention requires the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer to possess good energy conversion efficiency and biocompatibility. Preferably, the transducer material has the ability to convert external field energy such as ultrasound, magnetism, and light into electricity, and the material is at least one of piezoelectric materials, piezoelectric ion gels, magnetocaloric composite pyroelectric materials, magnetostrictive composite piezoelectric materials, photodeformable composite piezoelectric materials, photovoltaic materials, upconversion composite photovoltaic materials, and photothermal or photocooling composite pyroelectric materials.

[0012] Preferably, the piezoelectric material is at least one of the following materials: poly(vinylidene fluoride), vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-TrFE)], vinylidene fluoride-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-CFE)], vinylidene fluoride-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-CTFE)], vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer [P(VDF-HFP)], vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene trimer [P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)], vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene trimer [P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)], and vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene trimer [P(VDF-TrFE-HFP)], nylon with an odd number of carbon atoms, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, and polyethylene oxide. Ferroelectric polymers represented by dicyandiamide and its copolymers, polyurea, polyphenyl cyano ether, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polylactic acid; inorganic oxide ferroelectrics represented by lead titanate, lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth titanate, strontium ruthenate, and bismuth ferrite; hydrogen-bonded ferroelectrics represented by potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium triglycine sulfate; molecular-based ferroelectric compounds represented by Roche salts; organic small-molecule ferroelectrics represented by thiourea, ketone acid, benzimidazole, β-glycine, γ-glycine, and 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro-1,5-pentanediol (HFPD); metal-organic hybrid ferroelectrics; bismuth layered perovskite structure ferroelectrics; tungsten bronze type ferroelectrics; perovskite type organometal halide ferroelectrics; and composite materials based on the above materials.

[0013] Preferably, the piezoelectric ionogel is at least one of the following materials: polyacrylic acid gel, polyacrylamide gel, polyacrylonitrile gel, chitosan gel, PSS-PEDOT composite gel, Na... + K + , Ca 2+ Composite gels combining metal ions and polymers, composite gels combining choline plasma liquids and polymers, and composite gel materials based on the above materials.

[0014] Preferably, the magnetocaloric composite pyroelectric material comprises any combination of magnetocaloric materials and pyroelectric materials; wherein, the magnetocaloric material is at least one of the following materials: ferromagnetic metals and alloys represented by iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, nickel, Ni-Co alloy, Ni-Co-Cr alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Al alloy, Fe-Co-V alloy, and Nd-Fe-B alloy; ferromagnetic ferrite materials represented by iron(III) oxide, cobalt ferrite, zinc ferrite, Ni-Co, and Ni-Co-Cu ferrite materials; rare earth magnetic materials represented by Tb-Dy-Fe; and composite materials based on the above materials; the pyroelectric material is at least one of the following materials:

[0015] Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), PVDF-trifluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-TrFE)], PVDF-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-CFE)], PVDF-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-CTFE)], PVDF-hexafluoropropylene copolymer [P(VDF-HFP)], PVDF-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene trimer [P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)], PVDF-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene trimer

[0016] Ferroelectric polymers, such as [P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)] and vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene trimer [P(VDF-TrFE-HFP)], nylon with an odd number of carbon atoms, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyvinyl dicyanide and its copolymers, polyurea, polyphenyl cyano ether, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polylactic acid, and those represented by lead titanate, lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth titanate, strontium ruthenate, and bismuth ferrite, are also mentioned. Inorganic oxide ferroelectrics, hydrogen-bonded ferroelectrics represented by potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium triglycine sulfate, molecular-based ferroelectric compounds represented by Roche salts, organic small-molecule ferroelectrics represented by thiourea, ketoacid, benzimidazole, β-glycine, γ-glycine, 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro-1,5-pentanediol (HFPD), metal-organic hybrid ferroelectrics, bismuth layered perovskite structure ferroelectrics, tungsten bronze type ferroelectrics, perovskite type organometal halide ferroelectrics, and composite materials based on the above materials.

[0017] Preferably, the magnetostrictive composite piezoelectric material is any combination of the following magnetocaloric materials and the pyroelectric materials; wherein, the magnetostrictive material is at least one of the following materials: magnetostrictive metals and alloys represented by iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, nickel, Ni-Co alloy, Ni-Co-Cr alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Al alloy, Fe-Co-V alloy, and Nd-Fe-B alloy; ferrite magnetostrictive materials represented by iron(III) oxide, cobalt ferrite, zinc ferrite, Ni-Co, and Ni-Co-Cu ferrite materials; rare earth super magnetostrictive materials represented by Tb-Dy-Fe; and composite materials based on the above materials.

[0018] Preferably, the photodeformation material composite piezoelectric material includes any combination of photodeformation materials and piezoelectric materials; wherein, the photodeformation material is at least one of photodeformation isomers or ferroelectric inorganic photodeformation materials, the photodeformation isomers include at least one of azobenzene and its derivatives, and spiropyran and its derivatives; the ferroelectric inorganic photodeformation material includes at least one of lead titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth layered perovskite ferroelectric, tungsten bronze ferroelectric, bismuth ferrite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium triglycate sulfate, Roche salt, and perovskite-type organometal halide ferroelectric.

[0019] Preferably, the photovoltaic material is at least one of the following: inorganic thin-film photovoltaic materials represented by monocrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, copper indium gallium selenide thin films, and cadmium telluride thin films; dye-sensitized photovoltaic materials represented by titanium dioxide and its composites; perovskite photovoltaic materials based on perovskite-type organometal halide; and organic photovoltaic materials represented by polyacetylene, polythiophene, polyaniline, polypyrrole and its derivatives and copolymers.

[0020] Preferably, the upconversion material composite photovoltaic material is any combination of the following upconversion materials and the piezoelectric material; the upconversion material composite photovoltaic material is any combination of the following upconversion materials and the piezoelectric material; wherein, the upconversion material includes yttrium oxide, yttrium sulfide, lanthanum fluoride, sodium yttrium fluoride, sodium gadolinium fluoride, and yttrium oxide. 3+ ZBLANP doping

[0021] (ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF-PbF2), Yb 3+ KGd(WO4)2 crystal, Yb 3+ Doped lithium yttrium fluoride (YLF) crystals, Yb 3+ Doped KPb2Cl5 crystals, Yb 3+ Y3Al5O doped 12 (YAG) crystal, Tm 3+ Doping with ZBLANP, Tm3+ Doped KGd(WO4)2 crystal, Tm 3+ Doped YLF crystal, Tm 3+ Doped KPb2Cl5 crystal, Tm 3+ Rare earth ion-doped heavy metal glasses or crystal materials with anti-Stokes effect, represented by doped YAG crystals, and composite materials based on the above materials.

[0022] Preferably, the photothermal or photocooling composite pyroelectric material is any combination of the following photothermal or photocooling materials and the pyroelectric material; wherein, the photothermal material is at least one of the following materials: carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, black phosphorus, polydopamine, gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods, gallium indium alloy liquid metal, black titanium dioxide, supramolecular metal-organic framework (MOF) materials, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), transition metal carbide nitrides and carbonitride two-dimensional materials (MXene), small molecule photothermal reagents represented by fluorine boron complexes (BF2), and composite materials based on the above materials; the photocooling material is at least one of the following materials: Yb 3+ Doped ZBLANP (ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF-PbF2), Yb 3+ KGd(WO4)2 crystal, Yb 3+ Doped lithium yttrium fluoride (YLF) crystals, Yb 3+ Doped KPb2Cl5 crystals, Yb 3+ Y3Al5O doped 12 (YAG) crystal, Tm 3+ Doping with ZBLANP, Tm 3+ Doped KGd(WO4)2 crystal, Tm 3+ Doped YLF crystal, Tm 3+ Doped KPb2Cl5 crystal, Tm 3+ Rare earth ion-doped heavy metal glasses or crystal materials with anti-Stokes effect, represented by doped YAG crystals, and composite materials based on the above materials.

[0023] The stimulus-responsive fiber array layer is embedded in the flexible substrate, forming a fiber array with the long axis of the fibers perpendicular to the substrate; the fiber diameter of the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer is 0.2μm-100μm, and the fiber density is 10 fibers / mm². 2 ~10 5 fiber / mm 2 The range is 1μm-2000μm in fiber protrusion height.

[0024] Accordingly, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for fabricating a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device, comprising the following steps: fabricating the stimulation-responsive fiber array layer on the surface of the flexible substrate layer, wherein: the stimulation-responsive fiber array layer is made of a functional material capable of converting external field energy into electrical energy, and is integrated on the flexible substrate layer in an array arrangement, wherein the external field energy includes at least one of ultrasound, magnetism, or light, and the fabrication method includes using electrospinning, template replication, 3D printing, or laser processing etching technology.

[0025] A third objective of this application is to provide an application of a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device in visual restoration, brain nerve modulation, or nerve regeneration.

[0026] The present application adopts the above technical solution, and its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0027] The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device, its fabrication method, and its application provided in this application include a flexible base layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fiber array layer is made of functional materials capable of converting external field energy such as ultrasound, magnetism, and light into electrical energy, and is integrated on the flexible base layer in an array arrangement. Due to the use of a highly flexible base layer, conformal matching with the surface of nerve target tissue can be achieved. The stimulation-response fiber array layer integrated on the flexible base layer in an array arrangement can meet the stimulation spatial resolution of neurons and even sub-neurons. It has excellent flexibility, biocompatibility, and passive and wireless characteristics. It can not only provide high spatial resolution neuroelectric stimulation signals, but also conformally fit the irregular surface of nerve soft tissue. It is suitable for high-resolution neuroelectric stimulation applications in different parts such as the eyes, brain, and peripheral nerves. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 A typical cross-sectional view of the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment 1 provides a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device includes a flexible polymer substrate layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fibers are embedded in the flexible substrate in an array arrangement perpendicular to the long axis, forming a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0037] The flexible polymeric substrate is polydimethylsiloxane, and the stimulation-responsive fiber is polylactic acid based on piezoelectric materials. This multi-field coupled neural stimulation array system can be converted into electrical signals for neural stimulation under the external field stimulation of focused ultrasound.

[0038] The flexible polymer substrate layer has a thickness of 20 μm, and the stimulus-responsive fiber array has a height of 40 μm, a diameter of 1 μm, and a fiber array density of approximately 10. 5 fiber / mm 2 .

[0039] The method for fabricating the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device provided in Embodiment 1 of this application includes the following steps:

[0040] 1) Silicon substrate surface treatment

[0041] Take a single-crystal silicon wafer and clean its surface to remove organic and inorganic impurities. The specific cleaning steps are as follows: ultrasonically clean it in acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water in sequence, blow it dry with nitrogen and then put it in an oven to dry it to remove the water vapor attached to the substrate itself; then oxygen plasma treatment is performed on the treated silicon wafer to make its surface hydrophilic.

[0042] 2) Preparation of flexible polymer substrate layer

[0043] A layer of polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer liquid was uniformly spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. By adjusting the spin speed, a polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer liquid film with a thickness of 20 μm was obtained. The film was then heated at 70 °C for 5 min to pre-cur it.

[0044] 3) Preparation of stimulus-responsive fiber array layer

[0045] A 20 w / v polylactic acid solution was prepared using N'N dimethylformamide:acetone (3:2) as a solvent. Electrospinning was performed under conditions of a 20 kV high-voltage electric field, a needle tip distance of 12 cm from the collector, and a flow rate of 3 mL / h. The fiber fabric with a high orientation diameter of 1 μm was collected by a cylindrical collector at 2500 rpm. The obtained high-orientation fiber fabric was cut into 1 cm × 1 cm pieces and stacked in the same direction to form 3 mm thick blocks. The spinning blocks were frozen and sliced ​​perpendicular to the long axis of the fibers to obtain a fiber array layer with a height of 40 μm. The obtained fiber array layer was attached to the upper surface of a pre-cured polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer film and heated at 60 °C for 10 h to cure the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer film, so that the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer and the flexible substrate formed an integral structure.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Embodiment 2 of this application provides a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device includes a flexible polymer substrate layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fibers are embedded in the flexible substrate in an array arrangement perpendicular to the long axis, forming a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown.

[0048] The flexible polymeric substrate is polyimide, and the stimulation-responsive fiber is a transducer material based on piezoelectric ion gel. This multi-field coupled neural stimulation array system can be converted into electrical signals for neural stimulation under the external field stimulation of focused ultrasound.

[0049] The flexible polymer substrate has a thickness of 1000 μm, and the stimulus-responsive fiber array has a height of 200 μm, a diameter of 100 μm, and a fiber array density of approximately 10 fibers / mm².2 .

[0050] The method for fabricating the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device provided in Embodiment 2 of this application includes the following steps:

[0051] 1) Silicon substrate surface treatment

[0052] Take a single-crystal silicon wafer and clean its surface to remove organic and inorganic impurities. The specific cleaning steps are as follows: ultrasonically clean it in acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water in sequence, blow it dry with nitrogen and then put it in an oven to dry it to remove the water vapor attached to the substrate itself; then oxygen plasma treatment is performed on the treated silicon wafer to make its surface hydrophilic.

[0053] 2) Preparation of flexible polymer substrate layer

[0054] A layer of polyimide prepolymer liquid was uniformly spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. By adjusting the spin speed, a polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer liquid film with a thickness of 1000 μm was obtained. The film was then heated at 100°C for 3 min to pre-cur it.

[0055] 3) Preparation of stimulus-responsive fiber array layer

[0056] Using deionized water as a solvent, solutions of acrylic acid and acrylamide with concentrations of 3 w / v% and 3 w / v% were prepared, respectively, and then a free radical photoinitiator was added. The solution was poured into a microporous array mold with aluminum foil at the bottom and crosslinked under ultraviolet light irradiation. After demolding, a stimulus-responsive fiber array was obtained. The obtained fiber array layer was attached to the upper surface of a pre-cured polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer film, and heated at 300°C for 0.5 h to cure the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer film, so that the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer and the flexible substrate form an integral structure.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] Embodiment 3 of this application provides a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device includes a flexible polymer substrate layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fibers are embedded in the flexible substrate in an array arrangement perpendicular to the long axis, forming a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown;

[0059] The flexible polymer substrate is polydimethylsiloxane, and the stimulation-responsive fiber is a transducer material based on magnetocaloric and pyroelectric materials. The magnetocaloric material constituting the transducer material is iron(III) oxide, and the pyroelectric material is P(VDF-TrFE). This multi-field coupled neural stimulation array system can be converted into an electrical signal for neural stimulation under the external field stimulation of a magnetic field.

[0060] The flexible polymer substrate layer has a thickness of 20 μm, and the stimulus-responsive fiber array has a height of 60 μm, a diameter of 1 μm, and a fiber array density of approximately 10. 5 fiber / mm 2 .

[0061] Embodiment 3 of this application also provides a method for fabricating the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device, including the following steps:

[0062] 1) Silicon substrate surface treatment

[0063] Take a single-crystal silicon wafer and clean its surface to remove organic and inorganic impurities. The specific cleaning steps are as follows: ultrasonically clean it in acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water in sequence, blow it dry with nitrogen and then put it in an oven to dry it to remove the water vapor attached to the substrate itself; then oxygen plasma treatment is performed on the treated silicon wafer to make its surface hydrophilic.

[0064] 2) Preparation of flexible polymer substrate layer

[0065] A layer of polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer liquid was uniformly spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. By adjusting the spin speed, a polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer liquid film with a thickness of 20 μm was obtained. The film was then heated at 70 °C for 5 min to pre-cur it.

[0066] 3) Preparation of stimulus-responsive fiber array layer

[0067] Using N'N dimethylformamide:acetone (3:2) as a solvent, 5 w / v% iron oxide particles were ultrasonically dispersed to prepare a 20 w / v% P(VDF-TrFE) solution. Electrospinning was performed under conditions of a 20 kV high-voltage electric field, a needle tip distance of 12 cm from the collector, and a flow rate of 3 mL / h. The high-orientation fiber fabric with a diameter of 1 μm was collected by a cylindrical collector at 2500 rpm. The obtained high-orientation fiber fabric was cut into 1 cm × 1 cm pieces and stacked in the same direction to form 3 mm thick blocks. The spinning blocks were frozen and sliced ​​perpendicular to the long axis of the fibers to obtain a fiber array layer with a height of 60 μm. The obtained fiber array layer was attached to the upper surface of a pre-cured polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer film and heated at 60 °C for 10 h to cure the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer film, so that the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer and the flexible substrate formed an integral structure.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] Embodiment 4 of this application provides a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device includes a flexible polymer substrate layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fibers are embedded in the flexible substrate in an array arrangement perpendicular to the long axis, forming a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown;

[0070] The flexible polymer substrate is sodium alginate, and the stimulation-responsive fiber is a transducer material based on magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials. The magnetostrictive material constituting the transducer material is cobalt ferrite, and the piezoelectric material is P(VDF-TrFE). This multi-field coupled neural stimulation array system can be converted into an electrical signal for neural stimulation under the external field stimulation of a magnetic field.

[0071] The flexible polymer substrate layer has a thickness of 20 μm, and the stimulus-responsive fiber array has a height of 100 μm, a diameter of 1 μm, and a fiber array density of approximately 10. 5 fiber / mm 2 .

[0072] The fabrication method of the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device provided in this embodiment 4 includes the following steps:

[0073] 1) Silicon substrate surface treatment

[0074] Take a single-crystal silicon wafer and clean its surface to remove organic and inorganic impurities. The specific cleaning steps are as follows: ultrasonically clean it in acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water in sequence, blow it dry with nitrogen and then put it in an oven to dry it to remove the water vapor attached to the substrate itself; then oxygen plasma treatment is performed on the treated silicon wafer to make its surface hydrophilic.

[0075] 2) Preparation of flexible polymer substrate layer

[0076] A layer of sodium alginate solution was uniformly spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. By adjusting the spin speed, a sodium alginate film with a thickness of 20 μm was obtained and then air-dried at room temperature for later use.

[0077] 3) Preparation of stimulus-responsive fiber array layer

[0078] Using N'N dimethylformamide:acetone (3:2) as a solvent, 5 w / v% cobalt ferrite particles were ultrasonically dispersed to prepare a 20 w / v% P(VDF-TrFE) solution. Electrospinning was performed under conditions of a 20 kV high-voltage electric field, a needle tip distance of 12 cm from the collector, and a flow rate of 3 mL / h. The fiber fabric with a highly oriented diameter of 1 μm was collected by a cylindrical collector at 2500 rpm. The obtained highly oriented fiber fabric was cut into 1 cm × 1 cm pieces and stacked in the same direction to form 3 mm thick squares. The spinning squares were frozen and sliced ​​perpendicular to the long axis of the fibers to obtain a fiber array layer with a height of 100 μm. The obtained fiber array layer was attached to the upper surface of a sodium alginate film, and calcium chloride solution was added to crosslink the sodium alginate, so that the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer and the flexible substrate formed an integrated structure.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] Embodiment 5 of this application provides a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device includes a flexible polymer substrate layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fibers are embedded in the flexible substrate in an array arrangement perpendicular to the long axis, forming a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown;

[0081] The flexible polymer substrate is parylene, and the stimulus-responsive fiber is a transducer material based on photodeformable material and piezoelectric material. The photodeformable material constituting the transducer material is azobenzene, and the piezoelectric material is P(VDF-TrFE). This multi-field coupled neural stimulation array system can be converted into electrical signals for neural stimulation under ultraviolet light external field stimulation.

[0082] The flexible polymer substrate layer has a thickness of 20 μm, and the stimulus-responsive fiber array has a height of 60 μm, a diameter of 1 μm, and a fiber array density of approximately 10. 5 fiber / mm 2 .

[0083] The method for fabricating the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device provided in Embodiment 4 of this application includes the following steps:

[0084] 1) Silicon substrate surface treatment

[0085] Take a single-crystal silicon wafer and clean its surface to remove organic and inorganic impurities. The specific cleaning steps are as follows: ultrasonically clean it in acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water in sequence, blow it dry with nitrogen and then put it in an oven to dry it to remove the water vapor attached to the substrate itself; then oxygen plasma treatment is performed on the treated silicon wafer to make its surface hydrophilic.

[0086] 2) Preparation of flexible polymer substrate layer

[0087] A layer of parylene solution was uniformly spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. By adjusting the spin speed, a parylene prepolymer film with a thickness of 20 μm was obtained.

[0088] 3) Preparation of stimulus-responsive fiber array layer

[0089] Using N'N dimethylformamide:acetone (3:2) as a solvent, 5 w / v% azobenzene was ultrasonically dispersed to prepare a 20 w / v% P(VDF-TrFE) solution. Electrospinning was performed under conditions of a 20 kV high-voltage electric field, a needle tip distance of 12 cm from the collector, and a flow rate of 3 mL / h. The high-orientation fiber fabric with a diameter of 1 μm was collected by a cylindrical collector at 2500 rpm. The obtained high-orientation fiber fabric was cut into 1 cm × 1 cm pieces and stacked in the same direction to form 3 mm thick blocks. The spinning blocks were frozen and sliced ​​perpendicular to the long axis of the fibers to obtain a fiber array layer with a height of 60 μm. The obtained fiber array layer was attached to the upper surface of a pre-cured parylene prepolymer film and dried to cure the parylene prepolymer film, so that the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer and the flexible substrate formed an integral structure.

[0090] Example 6

[0091] Embodiment 6 of this application provides a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device includes a flexible polymer substrate layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fibers are embedded in the flexible substrate in an array arrangement perpendicular to the long axis, forming a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown;

[0092] The flexible polymer substrate is polydimethylsiloxane, and the stimulus-responsive fiber is monocrystalline silicon, the energy transducer material of photovoltaic materials. This multi-field coupled neural stimulation array system can be converted into electrical signals for neural stimulation under ultraviolet light external field stimulation.

[0093] The flexible polymer substrate layer has a thickness of 20 μm, and the stimulus-responsive fiber array has a height of 60 μm, a diameter of 1 μm, and a fiber array density of approximately 10. 5 fiber / mm 2 .

[0094] The method for fabricating the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device provided in Embodiment 6 of this application includes the following steps:

[0095] 1) Silicon substrate surface treatment

[0096] Take a single-crystal silicon wafer and clean its surface to remove organic and inorganic impurities. The specific cleaning steps are as follows: ultrasonically clean it in acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water in sequence, blow it dry with nitrogen and then put it in an oven to dry it to remove the water vapor attached to the substrate itself; then oxygen plasma treatment is performed on the treated silicon wafer to make its surface hydrophilic.

[0097] 2) Preparation of flexible polymer substrate layer

[0098] A layer of parylene solution was uniformly spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. By adjusting the spin speed, a parylene prepolymer film with a thickness of 20 μm was obtained.

[0099] 3) Preparation of stimulus-responsive fiber array layer

[0100] SU-8 photoresist is coated on a single-crystal silicon wafer, and a nanowire mask is formed by photolithography or electron beam exposure. Anisotropic wet etching (such as KOH solution) is used to remove unprotected areas.

[0101] The mask is removed to obtain a single-crystal silicon nanowire array; the obtained nanowire array is attached to the surface of a pre-cured parylene prepolymer film, and dried to cure the parylene prepolymer film, so that the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer and the flexible substrate form an integrated structure.

[0102] Example 7

[0103] Embodiment 7 of this application provides a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device includes a flexible polymer substrate layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fibers are embedded in the flexible substrate in an array arrangement perpendicular to the long axis, forming a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown;

[0104] The flexible polymer substrate is parylene, and the stimulus-responsive fiber is a transducer material made of photovoltaic material and upconversion material. The photovoltaic material constituting the transducer material is P3HT, and the upconversion material is lanthanum fluoride. This multi-field coupled neural stimulation array system can be converted into an electrical signal for neural stimulation under the external field stimulation of infrared light with a wavelength of 1700nm.

[0105] The flexible polymer substrate layer has a thickness of 20 μm, and the stimulus-responsive fiber array has a height of 60 μm, a diameter of 1 μm, and a fiber array density of approximately 10. 5 fiber / mm 2 .

[0106] Embodiment 7 of this application provides a method for fabricating the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device, including the following steps:

[0107] 1) Silicon substrate surface treatment

[0108] Take a single-crystal silicon wafer and clean its surface to remove organic and inorganic impurities. The specific cleaning steps are as follows: ultrasonically clean it in acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water in sequence, blow it dry with nitrogen and then put it in an oven to dry it to remove the water vapor attached to the substrate itself; then oxygen plasma treatment is performed on the treated silicon wafer to make its surface hydrophilic.

[0109] 2) Preparation of flexible polymer substrate layer

[0110] A layer of parylene solution was uniformly spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. By adjusting the spin speed, a parylene prepolymer film with a thickness of 20 μm was obtained.

[0111] 3) Preparation of stimulus-responsive fiber array layer

[0112] Using N'N dimethylformamide:acetone (3:2) as a solvent, 5 w / v lanthanum fluoride particles were ultrasonically dispersed to prepare a 20 w / v P3HT solution. Electrospinning was performed under conditions of a 20 kV high-voltage electric field, a needle tip distance of 12 cm from the collector, and a flow rate of 3 mL / h. The high-orientation fiber fabric with a diameter of 1 μm was collected by a cylindrical collector at 2500 rpm. The obtained high-orientation fiber fabric was cut into 1 cm × 1 cm pieces and stacked in the same direction to form 3 mm thick squares. The spinning squares were frozen and sliced ​​perpendicular to the long axis of the fibers to obtain a fiber array layer with a height of 60 μm. The obtained fiber array layer was attached to the upper surface of a pre-cured parylene prepolymer film and dried to cure the parylene prepolymer film, so that the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer and the flexible substrate formed an integral structure.

[0113] Example 8

[0114] Embodiment 8 of this application provides a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device includes a flexible polymer substrate layer and a stimulation-response fiber array layer. The stimulation-response fibers are embedded in the flexible substrate in an array arrangement perpendicular to the long axis, forming a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown;

[0115] The flexible polymer substrate is polyethylene terephthalate, and the stimulus-responsive fiber is a transducer material made of photothermal and pyroelectric materials. The photothermal material constituting the transducer material is polydopamine, and the pyroelectric material is P(VDF-TrFE). This multi-field coupled neural stimulation array system can be converted into electrical signals for neural stimulation under external field stimulation of infrared light with a wavelength of 808nm.

[0116] The flexible polymer substrate layer has a thickness of 20 μm, and the stimulus-responsive fiber array has a height of 60 μm, a diameter of 1 μm, and a fiber array density of approximately 10. 5 fiber / mm 2 .

[0117] Embodiment 8 of this application provides a method for fabricating the flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device, comprising the following steps:

[0118] 1) Silicon substrate surface treatment

[0119] Take a single-crystal silicon wafer and clean its surface to remove organic and inorganic impurities. The specific cleaning steps are as follows: ultrasonically clean it in acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water in sequence, blow it dry with nitrogen and then put it in an oven to dry it to remove the water vapor attached to the substrate itself; then oxygen plasma treatment is performed on the treated silicon wafer to make its surface hydrophilic.

[0120] 2) Preparation of flexible polymer substrate layer

[0121] A layer of polyethylene terephthalate solution was uniformly spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. By adjusting the spin speed, a polyethylene terephthalate prepolymer film with a thickness of 20 μm was obtained.

[0122] 3) Preparation of stimulus-responsive fiber array layer

[0123] Using N'N dimethylformamide:acetone (3:2) as a solvent, 2 w / v% polydopamine particles were ultrasonically dispersed to prepare a 20 w / v% P(VDF-TrFE) solution. Electrospinning was performed under a 20 kV high-voltage electric field, a needle tip distance of 12 cm from the collector, and a flow rate of 3 mL / h. A cylindrical collector was used to collect the highly oriented fiber fabric with a diameter of 1 μm at 2500 rpm. The obtained highly oriented fiber fabric was cut into 1 cm × 1 cm pieces and stacked in the same direction to form 3 mm thick squares. The spun squares were cryogenically sliced ​​perpendicular to the long axis of the fibers to obtain a fiber array layer with a height of 60 μm. The obtained fiber array layer was attached to the surface of a pre-cured polyethylene terephthalate prepolymer film, and dried to cure the polyethylene terephthalate prepolymer film, thus forming an integrated structure between the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer and the flexible substrate.

[0124] It is understood that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0125] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, and only specifically describe the technical principles of this application. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application in any way. Based on this explanation, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application, as well as other specific embodiments of this application that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without creative effort, should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A flexible array-type external field programmable neural stimulation device, characterized in that, It includes a flexible substrate layer and a stimulus-responsive fiber array layer. The stimulus-responsive fiber array layer is made of a functional material that can convert external field energy into electrical energy and is integrated on the flexible substrate layer in an array arrangement. The external field energy includes at least one of ultrasound, magnetism, or light.

2. The flexible array-type external field programmable neural stimulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible substrate includes flexible device substrate materials or a group of hydrogel materials. The flexible device substrate materials include at least one of polyimide, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, poly(p-xylene), polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene naphthalate, polylactic acid, ethyl cellulose, and silk fibroin fibers. The group of hydrogel materials includes at least one of starch, cellulose, lignin, chitin, chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin, silk fibroin, albumin, soy protein, polypeptide, decellularized matrix, polyglutamic acid, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), polylysine, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polydioxanone, polyphosphate, polyamino acid, oxalic anhydride, polycarbonate, polyphosphazene, and polyorthoesters or copolymers or derivatives containing the above units.

3. The flexible array-type external field programmable neural stimulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the flexible substrate layer is 1μm–3000μm.

4. The flexible array-type external field programmable neural stimulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The functional materials include at least one of the following: piezoelectric materials, piezoelectric ion gels, magnetocaloric composite pyroelectric materials, magnetostrictive composite piezoelectric materials, photovoltaic materials, upconversion composite photovoltaic materials, photodeformation composite piezoelectric materials, and photothermal or photocooling composite pyroelectric materials.

5. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The piezoelectric material includes at least one of ferroelectric polymers, inorganic oxide ferroelectrics, hydrogen-bonded ferroelectrics, molecular-based ferroelectric compounds, organic small-molecule ferroelectrics, metal-organic hybrid ferroelectrics, bismuth layered perovskite structure ferroelectrics, tungsten bronze type ferroelectrics, and perovskite type organometal halide ferroelectrics. The ferroelectric polymer includes poly(vinylidene fluoride), vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene trimer, vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene trimer, and vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene trimer with an odd number of carbon atoms. The ferroelectric material comprises at least one of the following: nylon, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyvinyl dicyandiamide and its copolymers, polyurea, polyphenyl cyano ether, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and polylactic acid; the inorganic oxide ferroelectric material comprises at least one of lead titanate, lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth titanate, strontium ruthenate and bismuth ferrite; the hydrogen-bonded ferroelectric material comprises at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or ammonium triglycine sulfate; the molecular-based ferroelectric compound comprises Roche salt; and the organic small molecule ferroelectric material comprises at least one of thiourea, ketone acid, benzimidazole, β-glycine, γ-glycine and 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro-1,5-pentanediol.

6. The flexible array-type external field programmable neural stimulation device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The piezoelectric ionogel includes at least one of polyacrylic acid gel, polyacrylamide gel, polyacrylonitrile gel, chitosan gel, and composite gel. The composite gel includes at least one of PSS-PEDOT composite gel, a composite gel combining metal ions and polymers, and a composite gel combining ionic liquids and polymers. The metal ions include Na+. + K + and Ca 2+ At least one of the following, the ionic liquid includes choline.

7. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetocaloric composite pyroelectric material includes at least one of magnetocaloric / mechanical and pyroelectric materials. The magnetocaloric / mechanical material includes at least one of ferromagnetic metals and alloys, ferromagnetic ferrite materials, or rare-earth magnetic materials. The ferromagnetic metals and alloys include at least one of iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, nickel, Ni-Co alloy, Ni-Co-Cr alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Al alloy, Fe-Co-V alloy, and Nd-Fe-B alloy. The ferromagnetic ferrite material includes four... The rare earth magnetic material includes at least one of the following: iron oxide, cobalt ferrite, zinc ferrite, Ni-Co, and Ni-Co-Cu ferrite materials; the pyroelectric material includes at least one of the following: ferroelectric polymer, inorganic oxide ferroelectric, hydrogen-bonded ferroelectric, molecular-based ferroelectric compound, organic small molecule ferroelectric, metal-organic hybrid ferroelectric, bismuth layered perovskite structure ferroelectric, and tungsten bronze type ferroelectric perovskite type organometal halide ferroelectric; the ferroelectric polymer includes poly(vinylidene fluoride). Vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-chlorinated trifluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene terpolymer, vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorinated trifluoroethylene terpolymer, vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene terpolymer, nylon with an odd number of carbon atoms, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyvinyl dicyanide and its copolymers, polyurea, polyphenyl cyano ether, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and... The inorganic oxide ferroelectric includes at least one of polylactic acid, and the inorganic oxide ferroelectric includes at least one of lead titanate, lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth titanate, strontium ruthenate, and bismuth ferrite. The hydrogen-bonded ferroelectric includes at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and amino triglycine sulfate. The molecular-based ferroelectric compound includes Roche salt. The organic small molecule ferroelectric includes at least one of thiourea, ketone acid, benzimidazole, β-glycine, γ-glycine, and 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro-1,5-pentanediol.

8. The flexible array-type external field programmable neural stimulation device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The magnetostrictive composite piezoelectric material includes at least one of a magnetocaloric material and a pyroelectric material; wherein, the magnetostrictive material includes at least one of a magnetostrictive metal and alloy, a ferrite magnetostrictive material, and a rare-earth super magnetostrictive material; the magnetostrictive metal and alloy includes at least one of iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, nickel, Ni-Co alloy, Ni-Co-Cr alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Al alloy, Fe-Co-V alloy, and Nd-Fe-B alloy; the ferrite magnetostrictive material includes at least one of magnetite, cobalt ferrite, zinc ferrite, Ni-Co, and Ni-Co-Cu ferrite materials; and the rare-earth super magnetostrictive material includes Tb-Dy-Fe.

9. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The photodeformation material composite piezoelectric material includes at least one of the photodeformation material and the piezoelectric material; wherein, the photodeformation material is at least one of the photodeformation isomer material or ferroelectric inorganic photodeformation material, the photodeformation isomer material includes at least one of azobenzene and its derivatives, spiropyran and its derivatives; the ferroelectric inorganic photodeformation material includes at least one of lead titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth layered perovskite ferroelectric, tungsten bronze type ferroelectric, bismuth ferrite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium triglycate sulfate, Roche salt and perovskite type organometal halide ferroelectric.

10. The flexible array-type external field programmable neural stimulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic material includes at least one of inorganic thin-film photovoltaic materials, dye-sensitized photovoltaic materials, perovskite photovoltaic materials, and organic photovoltaic materials. The inorganic thin-film photovoltaic material includes at least one of monocrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, copper indium gallium selenide thin film, and cadmium telluride thin film. The dye-sensitized photovoltaic material includes titanium dioxide and its composites. The perovskite photovoltaic material includes perovskite-based organometallic halides. The organic photovoltaic material includes at least one of polyacetylene, polythiophene, polyaniline, polypyrrole and its derivatives and copolymers.

11. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upconversion material is a combination of any one of the photovoltaic upconversion material and the piezoelectric material; wherein the upconversion material includes at least one of rare earth ion-doped heavy metal glass and crystalline material, and the rare earth ion-doped heavy metal glass includes yttrium oxide, yttrium sulfide, lanthanum fluoride, sodium yttrium fluoride, sodium gadolinium fluoride, and Yb 3+ The crystal material is doped with at least one of ZBLANP, wherein the ZBLANP is ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF-PbF2, and the crystal material includes Yb. 3+ KGd(WO4)2 crystal, Yb 3+ Doped YLF crystals, Yb 3+ Doped KPb2Cl5 crystals, Yb 3+ Y3Al5O doped 12 Crystal, Tm 3+ Doping with ZBLANP, Tm 3+ Doped KGd(WO4)2 crystal, Tm 3+ Doped YLF crystal, Tm 3+ Doped KPb2Cl5 crystals and Tm 3+ At least one of the following: doped YAG crystals.

12. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The photothermal or photocooling composite pyroelectric material includes a photothermal material, a photocooling material, and a composite material formed from the pyroelectric material. The photothermal material includes at least one of the following: carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, black phosphorus, purple phosphorus, polydopamine, gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods, gallium-indium alloy liquid metal, black titanium dioxide, supramolecular metal-organic framework, molybdenum disulfide, transition metal carbide nitrides, carbonitride two-dimensional materials, and fluorine-boron complexes. The photocooling material includes Yb. 3+ ZBLANP doping, wherein the ZBLANP is ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF-PbF2, Yb 3+ KGd(WO4)2 crystal, Yb 3+ Doped YLF crystals, Yb 3+ Doped KPb2Cl5 crystals, Yb 3+ Y3Al5O doped 12 Crystal, Tm 3+ Doping with ZBLANP, Tm 3+ Doped KGd(WO4)2 crystal, Tm 3+ Doped YLF crystal, Tm 3+ Doped KPb2Cl5 crystal, Tm 3+ At least one of the following: doped YAG crystals.

13. The flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer is 1μm-2000μm, the diameter of a single fiber in the stimulus-responsive fiber array is 0.2μm-100μm, and the fiber density is 10 fibers / mm². 2 -10 5 fiber / mm 2 .

14. A method for fabricating a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: preparing the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer on the surface of the flexible substrate layer, wherein: the stimulus-responsive fiber array layer is made of a functional material capable of converting external field energy into electrical energy, and is integrated on the flexible substrate layer in an array arrangement, wherein the external field energy includes at least one of ultrasound, magnetism, or light, and the preparation method includes using electrospinning, template replication, 3D printing, or laser processing etching technology.

15. Application of a flexible array-type external field programmable neurostimulation device in visual restoration, brain nerve modulation, or nerve regeneration.

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