Fuse fault detection method and device of battery system and battery system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuse fault detection method and device of a battery system and the battery system, and relates to the technical field of energy storage systems.The method comprises the steps that for each battery cluster, when a first relay is closed, a first voltage between a positive input end and a negative output end and a second voltage between the positive input end and the negative input end are collected, whether the first fuse breaks down or not is determined; when the second relay is closed, third voltage between the positive input end and the negative input end and fourth voltage between the positive output end and the negative output end are collected, and whether the second fuse breaks down or not is determined; when the first relay and the second relay are both closed, cluster current and bus voltage are collected, and whether the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster break down or not is determined. Through voltage difference detection and cluster current and bus voltage analysis when the relay is closed, the fuse fault can be accurately identified without additional hardware, and the cost and the false alarm rate are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to a method, device and battery system for detecting fuse faults in a battery system. Background Technology

[0002] With the promotion of the "dual-carbon" policy, energy storage battery systems are widely used, placing higher demands on fuse fault detection. Traditional solutions require additional specialized testing equipment such as microswitches, which is costly; however, eliminating these devices makes it difficult to accurately and promptly determine the fuse status, leading to false alarms and missed detections, which affect the safe and reliable operation of the system.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background section is included only to enhance the understanding of the context of this disclosure, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute relevant technology currently known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, and battery system for detecting fuse faults in a battery system, in order to solve the problems of traditional battery energy storage system fuse fault detection requiring additional hardware, high cost, and insufficient detection accuracy.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides a method for detecting fuse faults in a battery system. The method is applied to a battery system comprising multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster including a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a positive output terminal, and a negative output terminal. A first fuse and a first relay are connected in series between the negative input terminal and the negative output terminal, and a second fuse and a second relay are connected in series between the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal. The method includes: For each battery cluster, when the first relay is closed, the first voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative output terminal is collected, and the second voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal is collected. Determine whether the first fuse has failed based on the first voltage and the second voltage; For each battery cluster, when the second relay is closed, the third voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal is collected, and the fourth voltage between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal is collected. Determine whether the second fuse has failed based on the third and fourth voltages; When both the first and second relays of each battery cluster are closed, the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster are collected. Based on the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster, determine whether the first and second fuses in each battery cluster have failed.

[0006] This application combines a static detection method that measures the voltage difference when the relay is closed with a dynamic detection method that measures the cluster current and bus voltage during charging and discharging. This enables accurate identification of fuse fault states without the need for additional sensors or microswitches, effectively reducing equipment costs and false alarm rates. It overcomes the false alarm and missed detection problems in traditional solutions, and significantly improves the accuracy of fuse detection as well as the economy, reliability, and safety of battery system operation.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, determining whether a first and second fuse in each battery cluster has failed is based on the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster, including: The total power is obtained based on the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster; When the total power is greater than the bias current power value, the average current value of a single battery cluster is obtained based on the total power and the number of battery clusters in the battery system. The bias current power value is obtained by the number of battery clusters, the nominal voltage of a single battery cluster, and the preset circulating current value. Based on the average current value and cluster current of a single battery cluster, determine whether the first and second fuses in each battery cluster have failed.

[0008] This application calculates the total power by monitoring the cluster current and bus voltage in real time. When the total power exceeds the bias current power threshold, it further calculates the average current of a single battery cluster and compares it with the actual measured cluster current, thereby accurately determining whether the fuse has failed. No additional hardware is required, which effectively reduces the risk of false alarms and missed detections and improves the safety and reliability of the battery system operation.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, determining whether a first and second fuse in each battery cluster has failed is based on the average current value and cluster current of a single battery cluster, including: Based on the cluster current and average current value of each battery cluster, the current difference of each battery cluster is obtained; The current difference of each battery cluster is compared with a preset current threshold, and the first and second fuses in each battery cluster are determined to be faulty based on the comparison results.

[0010] This application performs real-time comparative analysis of the actual cluster current and average current of each battery cluster, accurately calculates the current difference, and determines the fault status of the fuse based on a preset current threshold. This eliminates the need for additional hardware detection equipment, effectively reducing the false alarm rate and missed detection rate in the fuse fault diagnosis process, thereby significantly improving the safety, stability, and reliability of the battery system operation.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, the preset current threshold includes a first current threshold and a second current threshold; the first current threshold is less than the second current threshold. The current difference of each battery cluster is compared with a preset current threshold, and based on the comparison results, it is determined whether the first and second fuses in each battery cluster have failed, including: When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is less than the first current threshold, the battery cluster is designated as the first battery cluster. When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is greater than the second current threshold, the battery cluster is designated as the second battery cluster. When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is greater than or equal to the first current threshold and less than or equal to the second current threshold, the battery cluster is regarded as the third battery cluster and the third battery cluster is re-inspected. When the cluster current of the first battery cluster is greater than zero and the cluster current of the second battery cluster is zero, it is determined that both the first fuse and the second fuse in the first battery cluster are in normal condition, and at least one of the first fuse and the second fuse in the second battery cluster is in fault condition.

[0012] This application effectively improves the accuracy and reliability of fuse fault diagnosis, reduces maintenance costs, and enhances the safety and stability of battery system operation by setting a first current threshold and a second current threshold, and by finely dividing and re-examining the current difference.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, determining whether the first fuse has failed based on the first voltage and the second voltage includes: Obtain the first voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage; When the absolute value of the first voltage difference is greater than the preset voltage threshold, the first fuse is determined to be in a fault state.

[0014] This application achieves rapid and accurate judgment of the fault state of the first fuse by detecting the voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage and comparing it with a preset voltage threshold, thereby effectively improving the fault diagnosis efficiency and reliability of the system and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the battery system.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, determining whether the second fuse has failed based on the third and fourth voltages includes: Obtain the second voltage difference between the third voltage and the fourth voltage; When the absolute value of the second voltage difference is greater than the preset voltage threshold, the second fuse is determined to be in a fault state.

[0016] This application achieves rapid and accurate judgment of the fault state of the second fuse by detecting the voltage difference between the third and fourth voltages and comparing it with a preset voltage threshold, thereby effectively improving the fault diagnosis efficiency and reliability of the system and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the battery system.

[0017] Secondly, this application provides a fuse fault detection device. The fuse fault detection device includes modules for performing the fuse fault detection method for a battery system in the first aspect or any optional implementation of the first aspect. For example, the fuse fault detection device includes: The battery system includes multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster including a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, a first fuse and a first relay connected in series between the negative input terminal and the negative output terminal, and a second fuse and a second relay connected in series between the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal. The control module is configured to, for each battery cluster, acquire a first voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative output terminal, and a second voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal, when the first relay is closed; determine whether the first fuse has failed based on the first and second voltages; for each battery cluster, acquire a third voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal, and a fourth voltage between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal, when the second relay is closed; determine whether the second fuse has failed based on the third and fourth voltages; and acquire the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster when both the first and second relays of each battery cluster are closed; determine whether the first and second fuses in each battery cluster have failed based on the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster.

[0018] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation, the battery system further includes a first disconnect switch, a second disconnect switch, a pre-charge resistor, and a pre-charge relay, wherein: The first disconnecting switch is connected in series between the negative input terminal and the negative output terminal, and is used to disconnect when the first fuse is in a fault state; The second disconnecting switch is connected in series between the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal, and is used to disconnect when the second fuse is in a fault state; The pre-charge resistor is connected in series with the pre-charge relay and then in parallel with the second relay to limit the inrush current when the battery system is powered on.

[0019] For more detailed implementation information on the fuse fault detection device, please refer to the description of any of the implementation methods in the first aspect above.

[0020] Thirdly, this application provides a fuse fault detection device. The fuse fault detection device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores computer programs or instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0021] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0022] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0023] The beneficial effects of aspects two through five above can be referenced to aspect one or any possible implementation thereof, and will not be elaborated upon here. Based on the implementations provided in the above aspects, this application can also be further combined to provide more implementations.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives and features of this application will be partly apparent from the description below, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the battery system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts of the battery system fuse fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is the second flowchart of the battery system fuse fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is the third flowchart of the battery system fuse fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is the fourth flowchart of the battery system fuse fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the fuse fault detection device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the battery system in the fuse fault detection device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 8 This is the second schematic diagram of the fuse fault detection device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being described as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0028] The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms "first," "second," and other ordinal terms used in this application may be used to describe various constituent elements, but these constituent elements are not limited by these terms. The purpose of using these terms is solely to distinguish one constituent element from others and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first constituent element may be named a second constituent element, and similarly, a second constituent element may be named a first constituent element.

[0029] Each circuit or other component may be described or referred to as "for" performing one or more tasks. In this context, "for" is used to imply a structure by indicating that the circuit / component includes a structure (e.g., a circuit system) that performs one or more tasks during operation. Therefore, even when the specified circuit / component is currently inoperable (e.g., not turned on), it can still be referred to as "for performing that task." Circuits / components used with the term "for" include hardware, such as circuits that perform operations.

[0030] Before introducing the embodiments of this application, the background technology involved in this application will be introduced first.

[0031] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the application of battery energy storage systems is becoming increasingly widespread and its scale is constantly expanding. As a key protective component in battery systems, fuses are used to disconnect faulty circuits during short circuits or overloads, ensuring the safe operation of the system. Traditional fuse fault detection methods typically require additional microswitches or dedicated sensors, which not only increases system costs but also enhances equipment complexity and potential failure risks. If additional detection hardware is eliminated and only simple electrical parameter detection is relied upon, false alarms or missed detections are prone to occur, affecting system safety and reliability. Therefore, how to accurately detect fuse fault states without adding extra hardware has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in this field.

[0032] In summary, the existing battery system fuse fault detection methods suffer from high cost, complex structure, and insufficient detection accuracy. The technical solution of this application is described below through several embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0033] It should be noted that this specification provides the method operation steps as shown in the embodiments or flowcharts, but based on conventional or non-inventive labor, more or fewer operation steps may be included. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one of many possible execution orders and does not represent the only execution order. In practice, when the method program is executed, it can be executed in the order shown in the embodiments or drawings or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment). This method can be executed by an industrial controller (PLC), microcontroller unit (MCU), digital signal processor (DSP), FPGA / CPLD programmable logic chip, embedded computer, or industrial control computer. The embodiments of this application do not limit this; the following embodiments use the example of a battery system fuse fault detection method executed by a microcontroller unit (MCU) for illustrative purposes.

[0034] The battery system fuse fault detection method provided in this application is applied to battery systems, and references... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the battery system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery system includes multiple battery clusters. Each battery cluster includes a positive input terminal 102, a negative input terminal 101, a positive output terminal 104, and a negative output terminal 103. A first fuse 105 and a first relay 106 are connected in series between the negative input terminal 101 and the negative output terminal 103. A second fuse 107 and a second relay 108 are connected in series between the positive input terminal 102 and the positive output terminal 104.

[0036] In addition, the battery system may also include a pre-charge resistor 109, a pre-charge relay 110, an isolating switch group 111, and a current sensor 112. The pre-charge resistor 109 is connected in series with the pre-charge relay, and then in parallel with the second relay 108 to limit the instantaneous inrush current and achieve safe pre-charge protection. The current sensor 112 is connected in series between the negative input terminal 101 and the negative output terminal 103 to measure the current in the circuit. The isolating switch is used to reliably isolate the power supply in the event of a fault.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts for the battery system fuse fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the method for detecting fuse faults in a battery system includes at least the following steps: It should be noted that steps S201 to S207 below are static testing steps, during which the battery system is not being charged or discharged.

[0039] S201: For each battery cluster, when the first relay is closed, the first voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative output terminal is collected, and the second voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal is collected.

[0040] Step S201 is a static detection step, which involves measuring two voltages for each battery cluster when the first relay is closed and the battery cluster is not charging or discharging: a first voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative output terminal of the battery cluster, and a second voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the battery cluster. Under normal circumstances, these two voltages should be basically the same or have minimal difference; however, if the fuse malfunctions, such as blowing, the difference between these two voltages can be used to determine whether the fuse has malfunctioned.

[0041] S203: Determine whether the first fuse has failed based on the first voltage and the second voltage.

[0042] Step S203, based on the first and second voltages measured in step S201, determines whether the first fuse has failed by analyzing the difference between them. Specifically, if the first fuse is not faulty, the first and second voltages should be approximately equal or have a very small difference; however, when the first fuse fails to blow, a significant difference will appear between these two voltages. For example, under normal circumstances, if the battery pack voltage is 100V, both the first and second voltages are approximately 99.9V, with a very small difference, indicating that the fuse is normal; however, when the fuse blows, the first voltage may drop significantly to 20V, while the second voltage remains approximately 99.9V. In this case, the voltage difference indicates that the first fuse has failed.

[0043] S205: For each battery cluster, when the second relay is closed, the third voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal is collected, and the fourth voltage between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal is collected.

[0044] Step S205 is a static detection step, similar to step S201, both involving voltage measurement and detection under the closed state of a specific relay. The difference between step S205 and step S201 is that step S205 involves closing a second relay before measurement. At this point, a third voltage between the positive and negative input terminals of each battery cluster, and a fourth voltage between the positive and negative output terminals, are collected. The difference between the third and fourth voltages can then be used to determine whether the fuse has malfunctioned.

[0045] Although the first and second relays are closed simultaneously in step S205, the external load or charging device connected to the battery system is not started or connected to the system, resulting in no current flowing through the battery system and thus no charging or discharging occurs.

[0046] S207: Determine whether the second fuse has failed based on the third and fourth voltages.

[0047] Step S207 is a static detection step, which analyzes the third and fourth voltages measured in step S205. By judging whether there is an abnormal difference between these two voltage values, it is determined whether the second fuse is faulty.

[0048] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is the second flowchart of the battery system fuse fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the method for detecting fuse faults in a battery system includes at least the following steps: It should be noted that steps S301 to S303 below are dynamic detection steps, during which the battery system is in a charging and discharging state. The aforementioned static detection method and the dynamic detection method described here can be used individually or in combination for cross-validation, thereby further improving the accuracy of fuse fault diagnosis and reducing the false alarm rate and the risk of missed detection. For example, in static detection, when the relay is closed but the battery system is not charging or discharging, by measuring the voltage between the positive and negative terminals of the battery cluster, a preliminary judgment can be made that a certain fuse may be faulty. Next, dynamic detection can be performed, that is, the battery system is allowed to enter the actual charging and discharging state, and the cluster current and bus voltage of the battery cluster are measured again to confirm whether the fuse has indeed failed. If the results of static detection and dynamic detection are consistent, the existence of the fault can be confirmed; if the results are inconsistent, further localization analysis can be performed to eliminate false alarms or missed detections, thereby achieving effective cross-validation of the detection results and maximizing the accuracy of fault diagnosis.

[0050] S301: When both the first and second relays of each battery cluster are closed, collect the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster.

[0051] Step S301 is the dynamic detection step, which refers to the system collecting the current (called cluster current) of each battery cluster and the overall bus voltage in real time when the battery system is in a charging and discharging state, that is, when the first and second relays of each battery cluster are simultaneously closed. This data acquisition process is to use the real-time monitoring data to analyze whether there is a fault in the fuse inside each battery cluster. When the relay is closed, each battery cluster is connected to the bus through the fuse and provides power or receives charging current. If the fuse is normal, the battery cluster current and bus voltage should be within the expected range; if the fuse is faulty, it may cause abnormal current or voltage. Real-time monitoring can detect and locate the fault in time.

[0052] Both steps S301 and S205 close the first and second relays, but the difference is that in step S301, current flows through the battery system, and charging and discharging occur.

[0053] S303: Determine whether the first and second fuses in each battery cluster have failed based on the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster.

[0054] Step S303 is a dynamic detection step, which analyzes and judges the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster collected in step S301. By detecting abnormal changes or deviations in current and voltage, it determines whether the first and second fuses in each battery cluster are operating normally, and then determines whether the fuses have blown or other faults have occurred, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the battery system.

[0055] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is the third flowchart of the battery system fuse fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the fault status of the first fuse can be determined by calculating the voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage (i.e., steps S401-403). When the absolute value of the difference between the first voltage and the second voltage exceeds a preset voltage threshold (e.g., 5V), the first fuse can be determined to be in a fault state. For example, when the first voltage and the second voltage are measured to be 400V and 380V respectively, the voltage difference is 20V. If the preset voltage threshold is 5V, then since 20V is greater than 5V, it can be determined that the first fuse has faulted.

[0057] In some embodiments, the fault status of the second fuse can be determined by calculating the voltage difference between the third voltage and the fourth voltage (i.e., steps S405-407). When the absolute value of the difference between the third voltage and the fourth voltage exceeds a preset voltage threshold, the second fuse can be determined to be in a fault state.

[0058] This can be used as a reference. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is the fourth flowchart of the battery system fuse fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, determining whether a first and second fuse in each battery cluster has failed is based on the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster, including: S501: Obtain the total power based on the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster; S503: When the total power is greater than the bias current power value, the average current value of a single battery cluster is obtained based on the total power and the number of battery clusters in the battery system. The bias current power value is obtained by the number of battery clusters, the nominal voltage of a single battery cluster, and the preset circulating current value. Based on the average current value and cluster current of a single battery cluster, determine whether the first and second fuses in each battery cluster have failed.

[0060] Specifically, the total power of the battery system can be calculated by measuring the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster. Then, it is determined whether this total power exceeds a preset threshold, i.e., the bias current power value. This threshold can be obtained by multiplying the number of battery clusters N, the nominal voltage U of a single battery cluster, and the preset circulating current value I. The nominal voltage refers to the rated operating voltage specified in the design when the battery or electrical equipment is operating normally. The preset circulating current value actually refers to the maximum current deviation (e.g., 40A) that may occur between battery clusters in the battery system due to voltage differences, internal resistance differences, or line impedance imbalances. This deviation current does not flow to the load but circulates among the battery clusters, which is the maximum allowable circulating current between multiple parallel battery clusters in the battery system.

[0061] If the total power is greater than the bias current power value, it indicates that the system is effectively charging and discharging. In this case, the average current value of a single battery cluster can be calculated, which is the total current divided by the number of battery clusters. Conversely, if the total power is less than or equal to the bias current power value, it indicates that the system is not effectively charging and discharging, i.e., it is in an unloaded or low-power state. In this case, it is impossible to accurately calculate the average current value of a single battery cluster, and it is not suitable to conduct comparative analysis of current differences. The judgment of abnormal battery cluster current should be temporarily stopped or delayed to avoid misjudgment.

[0062] Finally, by comparing the difference between the actual measured cluster current and the calculated average current value for each battery cluster, it is determined whether the first or second fuse in that cluster is faulty. For example, assuming the system has four battery clusters with a total measured power of 40kW and a bias current power value set at 5kW, the total power significantly exceeds the bias current power value, indicating that the system is operating in an effective charge-discharge state. In this case, the calculated average current value is 25A. If the actual measured current of a battery cluster is 0A or much lower than 25A, such as only 2A, it indicates that the fuse of that battery cluster may have blown or is faulty, requiring further investigation and maintenance.

[0063] In some embodiments, determining whether a first fuse and a second fuse in each battery cluster have failed is based on the average current value and cluster current of a single battery cluster, including: S505: Based on the cluster current and average current value of each battery cluster, obtain the current difference of each battery cluster; The current difference of each battery cluster is compared with a preset current threshold, and the first and second fuses in each battery cluster are determined to be faulty based on the comparison results.

[0064] Specifically, the average current of each battery cluster under normal conditions can be calculated first, and then the actual current value of each battery cluster can be measured. Next, the actual current of each battery cluster can be compared with its corresponding average current to obtain a current difference. If this difference exceeds a pre-set safe current value, i.e., a preset current threshold, it can be determined that the first or second fuse in this battery cluster may have failed. For example, the normal average current of a battery cluster is 50A, but the actual measured current is only 10A, a difference of 40A from the average. If the preset safe threshold is 30A, then the fuse of this battery cluster may have a problem and needs to be inspected or replaced. In this way, it is possible to quickly and effectively identify which specific battery cluster's fuse is faulty.

[0065] In some embodiments, the preset current threshold includes a first current threshold and a second current threshold; the first current threshold is less than the second current threshold. The current difference of each battery cluster is compared with a preset current threshold, and based on the comparison results, it is determined whether the first and second fuses in each battery cluster have failed, including: S507: When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is less than the first current threshold, the battery cluster is designated as the first battery cluster. S509: When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is greater than the second current threshold, the battery cluster is designated as the second battery cluster. S511: When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is greater than or equal to the first current threshold and less than or equal to the second current threshold, the battery cluster is regarded as the third battery cluster and the third battery cluster is re-inspected. S513: When the cluster current of the first battery cluster is greater than zero and the cluster current of the second battery cluster is zero, it is determined that the first fuse and the second fuse in the first battery cluster are both in normal condition, and at least one of the first fuse and the second fuse in the second battery cluster is in fault condition.

[0066] Specifically, the status of fuses in a battery cluster can be determined by setting two different current thresholds: First, the current difference 505 of each battery cluster obtained in step S505 is compared with a first current threshold and a second current threshold. When the current difference is less than the smaller first current threshold (e.g., 30A), the battery cluster is considered normal and is recorded as the first battery cluster. When the current difference is greater than the larger second current threshold (e.g., 50A), the battery cluster is considered faulty and is recorded as the second battery cluster. When the current difference is between the two thresholds, the status of the battery cluster is uncertain and cannot be directly determined as normal or faulty. It should be recorded as the third battery cluster and further confirmation and analysis through re-inspection or other auxiliary methods are needed to clarify whether a fault exists. Finally, based on the actual current situation, such as the current of the normal battery cluster (i.e., the first battery cluster) being greater than zero and the current of the faulty battery cluster (i.e., the second battery cluster) being zero, it is determined which specific battery cluster's fuse has failed.

[0067] For example, the re-inspection of the third battery cluster can be carried out in, but is not limited to, the following five ways: (1) Measure the current value and difference of the battery cluster again within a short period of time to eliminate the influence of instantaneous interference or measurement error and determine whether the problem persists.

[0068] (2) Multi-parameter cross-validation: Simultaneously monitor other parameters such as voltage, temperature, internal resistance or SOC (state of charge) of the battery cluster, and comprehensively analyze whether there are any abnormalities to help determine whether the cluster has a fuse failure.

[0069] (3) Historical data comparison: Compare the current measurement data with the previous historical operating data of the battery cluster, analyze whether the current difference continues to deviate from the normal range, and determine whether there is indeed a fault trend.

[0070] (4) Manual inspection and on-site confirmation: If automatic detection cannot determine the problem, technical personnel can be dispatched to the site to confirm whether the fuse is blown or has poor contact through visual inspection, instrument measurement or physical touch.

[0071] (5) System operating condition switching verification: Within the safe range, adjust the battery system operating conditions (e.g., charging, discharging or suspending the load), observe the changes in the battery cluster current difference, and verify the authenticity and stability of the abnormal phenomenon.

[0072] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a fuse fault detection device, see reference. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the fuse fault detection device provided in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the device includes a battery system 601 and a control module 602.

[0073] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the battery system in the fuse fault detection device provided in this application embodiment.

[0074] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery system 601 includes multiple battery clusters, a first disconnect switch 709, a second disconnect switch 710, a precharge resistor, a precharge relay 712, and a Hall sensor 713, wherein: Each battery cluster includes a negative input terminal 701, a positive input terminal 702, a negative output terminal 703, and a positive output terminal 704. A first fuse 705 and a first relay 706 are connected in series between the negative input terminal 701 and the negative output terminal 703. A second fuse 707 and a second relay 708 are connected in series between the positive input terminal 702 and the positive output terminal 704. The first disconnect switch 709 is connected in series between the negative input terminal 701 and the negative output terminal 703, and is used to disconnect when the first fuse 705 is in a fault state; the second disconnect switch 710 is connected in series between the positive input terminal 702 and the positive output terminal 704, and is used to disconnect when the second fuse 707 is in a fault state; the pre-charge resistor 711 is connected in series with the pre-charge relay 712 and then in parallel with the second relay 708, and is used to limit the inrush current when the battery system is powered on; the Hall sensor 713 is connected in series between the negative input terminal 701 and the negative output terminal 703, and is used to measure the current in each battery cluster circuit.

[0075] The battery system 601 provided in this embodiment, by setting fuses, relays, disconnect switches and Hall sensors in each battery cluster circuit, and using both static and dynamic methods to detect fuse faults, can accurately monitor the current status in real time, quickly identify and isolate the fault location, avoid false alarms, and significantly improve the safety, reliability and economy of the battery system.

[0076] The control module 602 is configured to, for each battery cluster, when the first relay is closed, acquire a first voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative output terminal, and acquire a second voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal; determine whether the first fuse has failed based on the first voltage and the second voltage; for each battery cluster, when the second relay is closed, acquire a third voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal, and acquire a fourth voltage between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal; determine whether the second fuse has failed based on the third voltage and the fourth voltage; and when both the first and second relays of each battery cluster are closed, acquire the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster; determine whether the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster have failed based on the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster.

[0077] In short, this application uses a control module to collect voltage and current information from specific nodes within a battery cluster to determine whether the fuse is functioning correctly. Specifically, each battery cluster in the device includes positive and negative input / output terminals, with a fuse and a relay positioned between these terminals. The control module controls the closing or opening of each relay and collects voltage values ​​from different nodes within the battery cluster, using the voltage difference to determine if the fuse has malfunctioned. Furthermore, when all relays are closed simultaneously, the control module collects current and bus voltage information from the battery cluster when the battery system is charging or discharging, thereby analyzing or verifying the fuse's status.

[0078] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a fuse fault detection device, see reference. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a second schematic diagram of the fuse fault detection device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the device includes a memory 801 and a processor 802. The memory 801 is used to store computer instructions; when the processor 802 executes the computer instructions, it implements the method steps in any method embodiment.

[0079] The memory 801 includes at least one type of computer-readable storage medium, including flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as the hard disk or memory of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in hard disk, secure digital card (SD card), flash memory card, etc., equipped on the electronic device. Of course, the computer-readable storage medium may include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the electronic device. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is typically used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the electronic device, such as the program code of the data processing method in the embodiment. In addition, the computer-readable storage medium may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or will be output.

[0080] In some embodiments, processor 802 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other chip. Processor 802 is typically used to control the overall operation of the processing device, such as performing control and processing related to data interaction or communication with other entities. In this embodiment, processor 802 is used to run program code stored in memory 801 or process data.

[0081] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a computer program or instructions stored in the storage medium. When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processing device, they implement the method steps in any method embodiment. Further details can be found in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium includes flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as the hard disk or memory of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in hard disk, secure digital card (SD card), flash memory card, etc., equipped on the electronic device. Of course, the computer-readable storage medium can also include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the electronic device. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is typically used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the electronic device, such as the program code of the data processing method in the embodiment. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or will be output.

[0082] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product or computer program, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the data processing method provided in the above-described method embodiments.

[0083] The above description involves various modules and units. It should be noted that the division of these modules and units in the description is for clarity. However, in actual implementation, the boundaries between various modules and units may be blurred. For example, any or all functional modules and units in this application may share various hardware and / or software elements. As another example, any and / or all functional modules in this application may be wholly or partially implemented by a shared processor executing software instructions. Furthermore, various software sub-modules executed by one or more processors may be shared among various software modules. Accordingly, unless expressly required, the scope of this application is not limited by mandatory boundaries between various hardware and / or software elements.

[0084] It should be noted that the order of description of the embodiments in this application is not intended to limit the priority of the embodiments.

[0085] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application and in its specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0086] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the term "connected" or "linked" in this application includes not only directly connecting two entities, but also indirectly connecting them through other entities that have beneficial improvement effects.

[0087] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the claims. All equivalent transformations made under the inventive concept of this application using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting fuse faults in a battery system, characterized in that, The method is applied to a battery system comprising multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster comprising a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a positive output terminal, and a negative output terminal. A first fuse and a first relay are connected in series between the negative input terminal and the negative output terminal, and a second fuse and a second relay are connected in series between the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal. The method includes: For each battery cluster, when the first relay is closed, a first voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative output terminal is collected, and a second voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal is collected; Based on the first voltage and the second voltage, determine whether the first fuse has malfunctioned; For each battery cluster, when the second relay is closed, a third voltage is collected between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal, and a fourth voltage is collected between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal; Based on the third voltage and the fourth voltage, determine whether the second fuse has malfunctioned; When both the first and second relays of each battery cluster are closed, the cluster current and bus voltage of each battery cluster are collected. Based on the cluster current of each battery cluster and the bus voltage, determine whether the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster have failed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster have failed based on the cluster current of each battery cluster and the bus voltage includes: The total power is obtained based on the cluster current of each battery cluster and the bus voltage; When the total power is greater than the bias current power value, the average current value of a single battery cluster is obtained based on the total power and the number of battery clusters in the battery system. The bias current power value is obtained by the number of battery clusters, the nominal voltage of a single battery cluster, and a preset circulating current value. Based on the average current value of the individual battery cluster and the cluster current, it is determined whether the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster have failed.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster have failed based on the average current value of the individual battery cluster and the cluster current includes: Based on the cluster current of each battery cluster and the average current value, the current difference of each battery cluster is obtained; The current difference of each battery cluster is compared with a preset current threshold, and the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster are determined to be faulty based on the comparison results.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset current threshold includes a first current threshold and a second current threshold; the first current threshold is less than the second current threshold. The step of comparing the current difference of each battery cluster with a preset current threshold, and determining whether the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster have failed based on the comparison result, includes: When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is less than the first current threshold, the battery cluster is designated as the first battery cluster. When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is greater than the second current threshold, the battery cluster is designated as the second battery cluster. When the absolute value of the current difference of a battery cluster is greater than or equal to the first current threshold and less than or equal to the second current threshold, the battery cluster is designated as the third battery cluster and the third battery cluster is re-inspected. When the cluster current of the first battery cluster is greater than zero and the cluster current of the second battery cluster is zero, it is determined that both the first fuse and the second fuse in the first battery cluster are in normal condition, and at least one of the first fuse and the second fuse in the second battery cluster is in fault condition.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the first fuse has malfunctioned based on the first voltage and the second voltage includes: Obtain the first voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage; When the absolute value of the first voltage difference is greater than a preset voltage threshold, the first fuse is determined to be in a fault state.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the second fuse has malfunctioned based on the third voltage and the fourth voltage includes: Obtain the second voltage difference between the third voltage and the fourth voltage; When the absolute value of the second voltage difference is greater than the preset voltage threshold, the second fuse is determined to be in a fault state.

7. A fuse fault detection device, characterized in that, include: A battery system includes multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster including a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, a first fuse and a first relay connected in series between the negative input terminal and the negative output terminal, and a second fuse and a second relay connected in series between the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal. The control module is configured to, for each battery cluster, when the first relay is closed, acquire a first voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative output terminal, and acquire a second voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal; determine whether the first fuse has failed based on the first voltage and the second voltage; for each battery cluster, when the second relay is closed, acquire a third voltage between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal, and acquire a fourth voltage between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal; determine whether the second fuse has failed based on the third voltage and the fourth voltage; and when both the first relay and the second relay of each battery cluster are closed, acquire the cluster current and the bus voltage of each battery cluster; determine whether the first fuse and the second fuse in each battery cluster have failed based on the cluster current and the bus voltage of each battery cluster.

8. The fuse fault detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery system also includes a first disconnect switch, a second disconnect switch, a pre-charge resistor, and a pre-charge relay, wherein: The first disconnecting switch is connected in series between the negative input terminal and the negative output terminal, and is used to disconnect when the first fuse is in a fault state; The second disconnecting switch is connected in series between the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal, and is used to disconnect when the second fuse is in a fault state; The pre-charge resistor is connected in series with the pre-charge relay and then in parallel with the second relay to limit the inrush current when the battery system is powered on.

9. A fuse fault detection device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store computer programs or instructions; when the computer programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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