High-damping low-mobility ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad plate, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of rubber mats, and provides a high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber mat, a preparation method and application thereof, raw materials including, by mass fraction, natural rubber 25-50 parts, halogenated butyl rubber 45-65 parts, epoxy natural rubber 6-12 parts, reinforcing agent 40-50 parts, brominated p-t-octylphenol formaldehyde vulcanized resin 9-15 parts, zinc oxide 4-6 parts, stearic acid 1-3 parts, antioxidant 3.4-4.5 parts, silane coupling agent 3-5 parts, accelerator 4-5 parts, and sulfur 0.8-1.2 parts. The rubber mat has high-frequency high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio characteristics and excellent fatigue resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of rubber pads, and relates to a high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The most core function of the rubber pad is to support the steel rail and the sleeper and stably transmit the static load of the train to the foundation structure. When the train is running, different scenarios will produce different characteristics of vibration: when the wheel passes through the rail joint or the track irregularity, the impact load with relatively low frequency will be generated; when the train is running at high speed, the contact surface of the wheel and the rail will cause high-frequency vibration (usually between several hundred Hz and several thousand Hz), which is the main source of rolling noise. Specifically, high-frequency vibration is related to the core goal of vibration and noise reduction, so high-frequency high-damping characteristics are needed to efficiently dissipate vibration energy, thereby inhibiting the generation and propagation of noise; the vibration in the low-frequency band directly affects the passing ability of the train, which requires low dynamic-static ratio characteristics: low dynamic-static ratio can ensure the smoothness of the train running and avoid the influence of the sharp rise of the dynamic stiffness on the train safety.

[0003] With the development of high-speed and heavy-load railway transportation, the limitations of traditional rubber materials (natural rubber NR, butadiene rubber BR, and styrene-butadiene rubber SBR) in vibration and noise reduction performance are gradually highlighted: natural rubber has high elasticity and excellent fatigue resistance, but has poor ozone aging resistance and insufficient vibration energy dissipation efficiency; the low heat generation characteristic of butadiene rubber is outstanding, but it is difficult to suppress high-frequency noise due to weak self-adhesion and insufficient damping performance; the wear resistance of styrene-butadiene rubber is excellent, but the dynamic heat generation is high, and long-term use can accelerate material aging.

[0004] In contrast, butyl rubber has been widely used in efficient vibration reduction, noise reduction and sealing scenarios due to its excellent damping performance and extremely low gas permeability, such as tire inner tube, damping vibration isolator, building seismic isolation support, pharmaceutical bottle plug, and gas mask seal. Natural rubber has slightly inferior damping performance, but excellent elasticity, and can quickly rebound after stress deformation.

[0005] A Chinese patent application with publication number CN103194010A discloses a damping material based on blending of butyl rubber and natural rubber and a preparation method thereof. The method significantly improves the damping performance of natural rubber by adding butyl rubber, while ensuring good mechanical properties, thereby obtaining a practical damping material with more excellent performance in a wide temperature range. However, the dynamic-static stiffness ratio is not concerned. A Chinese patent application with publication number CN118702973A discloses an elevator damping pad with high flame retardance and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials include the following components in mass fraction: natural rubber 81-95 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 55-95 parts, epoxidized natural rubber 11-45 parts, and rubber reinforcing agent 9-33 parts. The application puts chlorinated butyl rubber and epoxidized natural rubber into an internal mixer at a mass ratio of (3-8):(2-5), controls the internal temperature of the internal mixer at 30-42℃, and mixes for 6-13 minutes under this temperature condition. Then, natural rubber is added to the internal mixer, and the mass ratio of the natural rubber to the previously added chlorinated butyl rubber and epoxidized natural rubber is (3-8):(2-5):(1-3). The temperature of the internal mixer is controlled at 40-53℃, and the mixing is performed for 11-18 minutes to obtain a mixed rubber mass. The prepared mixed rubber mass combines the advantages of the three kinds of rubber, so that the subsequently prepared elevator damping pad has better damping effect and excellent aging resistance. Similarly, the patent application also does not concern and solve the problem of how to simultaneously meet the requirements of damping and dynamic-static stiffness ratio of existing rubber pad. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad, a preparation method and application thereof.

[0007] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0008] Technical subject one

[0009] A high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad, the raw materials include the following components in mass fraction: natural rubber 25-50 parts, halogenated butyl rubber 45-65 parts, epoxidized natural rubber 6-12 parts, reinforcing agent 40-50 parts, brominated p-t-octylphenol formaldehyde vulcanized resin 9-15 parts, zinc oxide 4-6 parts, stearic acid 1-3 parts, antioxidant 3.4-4.5 parts, silane coupling agent 3-5 parts, accelerator 4-5 parts, and sulfur 0.8-1.2 parts.

[0010] Preferably, the halogenated butyl rubber is chlorinated butyl rubber and / or brominated butyl rubber.

[0011] Preferably, the halogenated butyl rubber is chlorinated butyl rubber.

[0012] Preferably, the raw materials include, by mass fraction: natural rubber 25-50 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 45-55 parts, epoxy natural rubber 6-12 parts, reinforcing agent 40-50 parts, brominated p-t octyl phenolic aldehyde vulcanization resin 9-15 parts, zinc oxide 4-6 parts, stearic acid 1-3 parts, antioxidant 3.4-4.5 parts, silane coupling agent 3-5 parts, accelerator 4-5 parts, sulfur 0.8-1.2 parts.

[0013] Preferably, the raw materials include, by mass fraction: natural rubber 25-50 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 45-55 parts, epoxy natural rubber 6-12 parts, reinforcing agent 40-50 parts, brominated p-t octyl phenolic aldehyde vulcanization resin 9-15 parts, zinc oxide 4-6 parts, stearic acid 1-3 parts, antioxidant 3.4-4.5 parts, silane coupling agent 3-5 parts, accelerator 4-5 parts, sulfur 0.8-1.2 parts.

[0014] Preferably, the silane coupling agent is selected from one or more of silane coupling agent Si-69, silane coupling agent KH550 and silane coupling agent KH560.

[0015] Preferably, the silane coupling agent consists of, by mass fraction: silane coupling agent Si-69 1.5-2.5 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 1.5-2.5 parts.

[0016] Preferably, the reinforcing agent is selected from one or more of carbon black N330, kaolin and fumed white carbon black.

[0017] Preferably, the reinforcing agent consists of, by mass fraction: 10-14 parts of carbon black N330, 8-14 parts of kaolin, 18-22 parts of fumed white carbon black.

[0018] Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from one or more of antioxidant TMQ, antioxidant H71 and antioxidant 4010NA.

[0019] Preferably, the antioxidant consists of, by mass fraction: 1.2-1.6 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.2-1.6 parts of antioxidant 4010NA.

[0020] Preferably, the accelerator is selected from one or more of accelerator DTDM, accelerator TMTD, accelerator CZ and accelerator DM.

[0021] Preferably, the accelerator consists of, by mass fraction: 1.2-1.6 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.2-0.4 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.3-2.6 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.3-0.6 parts of accelerator DM.

[0022] Preferably, the fumed white carbon black has a particle size of 10-40 nm.

[0023] Preferably, the epoxy rate of the epoxy natural rubber is 20%~60%.

[0024] Preferably, the brand of the natural rubber is selected from one or more of RSS3, RSS2 and RSS1.

[0025] Preferably, the chlorine content of the chlorinated butyl rubber is 1.15%~1.3%, and the bromine content of the brominated butyl rubber is 1.9%~2.1%.

[0026] Preferably, the preferred brominated p,p'-octainyl phenol formaldehyde curing resin has a hydroxymethyl content of 9.5%-13.0% and a bromine content of 4.8%-7.0%.

[0027] Technical subject two

[0028] The application also provides a preparation method of the high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration-reducing and noise-reducing rubber pad, comprising the following steps:

[0029] A, step-by-step mixing

[0030] The reinforcing agent, antioxidant, silane coupling agent, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur are respectively divided into a first part and a second part, i.e. the reinforcing agent, antioxidant, silane coupling agent, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur are all divided into two parts and added to the mixing process of the halogenated butyl rubber and the mixing process of the natural rubber and the epoxy natural rubber;

[0031] The halogenated butyl rubber is blended with the first part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant and silane coupling agent through a banbury mixer, and after uniform blending, the rubber compound is cooled for 4h. After cooling, the first part of the stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur is added through an open mill, and after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is discharged to obtain the CIIR rubber compound;

[0032] The natural rubber and the epoxy natural rubber are blended with the second part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant and silane coupling agent through a banbury mixer, and after uniform blending, the rubber compound is cooled for 4h. After cooling, the second part of the stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur is added through an open mill, and after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is discharged to obtain the NR rubber compound;

[0033] B, blending and processing

[0034] The CIIR rubber compound, the NR rubber compound and the brominated p,p'-octainyl phenol formaldehyde curing resin obtained in step A are added to a banbury mixer, and the temperature is controlled to be ≤90℃ during the process, and the rubber compound is mixed for 5-10min. After uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is discharged through an open mill at a discharge temperature ≤100℃ to obtain the rubber compound;

[0035] C, vulcanization

[0036] The rubber compound to be vulcanized is placed in a flat vulcanizing machine for vulcanization treatment.

[0037] Preferably, the mass ratio of the first part and the second part is 1:1.

[0038] Preferably, the blending temperature in step A is 130±5℃.

[0039] Preferably, the temperature of the open mill in step A is 60±5℃.

[0040] Preferably, the vulcanization temperature in step C is 160±2℃, the vulcanization time is 12±1min, and the vulcanization pressure is 15±2MPa.

[0041] Technical subject three

[0042] The application also provides application of the high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration-reducing and noise-reducing rubber pad in high-speed railways, railway lines, bridges and turnouts.

[0043] The beneficial effects generated by the technical scheme of the application are as follows:

[0044] 1. The rubber pad of the application can break through the bottleneck of butyl rubber pad in dynamic performance, processing efficiency and cost through blending modification, process improvement and nanometer reinforcement technology cooperation, realize low dynamic-static stiffness ratio, high frequency high damping and long service life characteristics, meet the high-end demand of railway, building and other fields for vibration-reducing and noise-reducing materials, and has wide application prospect.

[0045] 2. The high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration-reducing and noise-reducing rubber pad provided by the application is a high-performance vibration-reducing and noise-reducing product for railway with chlorinated butyl rubber as the main body, and exhibits unique damping performance advantages due to the high saturated structure of isobutene main chain: in the typical high-frequency vibration range (above 200Hz) of rail transit, the high damping characteristics can effectively inhibit the wheel-rail noise; meanwhile, the low dynamic-static stiffness ratio can be maintained to ensure the stiffness stability of the rail structure under the train load, and the influence of the sharp rise of dynamic stiffness on the driving safety is avoided. In the typical high-frequency vibration range (above 200Hz) of rail transit, the outstanding high damping characteristics can efficiently absorb the wheel-rail vibration energy. On one hand, the vibration transmission to the environment can be directly weakened, thereby effectively inhibiting the wheel-rail noise; on the other hand, the generation and development of the wave-shaped wear (i.e. "rail corrugation") on the surface of the rail can be delayed or even blocked by greatly reducing the high-frequency vibration excitation of the wheel-rail contact interface, thereby significantly prolonging the service life of the rail.

[0046] 3. The application realizes the breakthrough of multi-dimensional performance of the rubber pad:

[0047] Compared with traditional rubber mats (NR / SBR / BR): on the basis of maintaining the same mechanical strength (tensile strength ≥ 15 MPa, friction coefficient ≥ 0.8), high-frequency high-damping low-dynamic-static ratio is realized through formula and process optimization, ensuring the safety of butyl rubber mats at low frequency (dynamic-static ratio ≤ 1.5) and the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect at high frequency.

[0048] Compared with traditional butyl rubber (IIR): compared with pure butyl rubber products, the compression permanent set is ≤ 20%, and the performance attenuation is less after 3 million times of fatigue test, while ensuring good anti-aging performance.

[0049] Process differentiation from conventional butyl rubber products: using high-efficiency vulcanization system and step-by-step pre-vulcanization mixing process to realize 160℃ rapid vulcanization while maintaining damping performance, greatly improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Figure 1 The frequency spectrum analysis data of the existing conventional rubber mat and the rubber mat prepared in Example 1 in actual application field.

[0052] Figure 2 The rail corrugation situation after laying the existing conventional rubber mat and the rubber mat prepared in Example 1 for 50 days after rail grinding; in the figure, A represents the rail corrugation situation after laying the existing conventional rubber mat for 50 days after rail grinding, and B represents the rail corrugation situation after laying the rubber mat prepared in Example 1 for 50 days after rail grinding.

[0053] Figure 3 The rail corrugation situation when laying the existing conventional rubber mat and the mat of Example 1; in the figure, A represents the rail corrugation situation when laying the existing conventional rubber mat in the ungrounded section, and B represents the rail corrugation situation after replacing the existing conventional rubber mat with the rubber mat of Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental or testing methods involved in the embodiments of this invention are conventional methods in the prior art, and their names and / or abbreviations are conventional names in the art, clearly defined in their respective fields of application. Those skilled in the art can understand the conventional process steps based on these names and apply the corresponding equipment, implementing them under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The various instruments, equipment, raw materials, or reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are not subject to any special restrictions on their source; they are all conventional products that can be purchased through legitimate commercial channels and can be prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0056] In the following examples and comparative examples, the specific surface area (BET method) of fumed silica was 80-120 m² / g, and the nano-sized AEROSIL R202 with a particle size of 10-40 nm was purchased from Evonik Degussa GmbH, Germany.

[0057] The grade of natural rubber is RSS3.

[0058] The grade of chlorinated butyl rubber is Exxon 1066 from the United States.

[0059] The grade of brominated p-tert-octylphenol aldehyde resin is HY-2055.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] A high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-reducing and noise-reducing rubber pad, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 38 parts natural rubber RSS3, 50 parts chlorinated butyl rubber 1066, 12 parts epoxy natural rubber ENR50, 42 parts reinforcing agent, 12 parts brominated p-tert-octylphenol aldehyde vulcanizate HY 2055, 5 parts zinc oxide, 2 parts stearic acid, 4 parts antioxidant, 4 parts silane coupling agent, 4.8 parts accelerator, and 1 part sulfur (masterbatch S-80); wherein the reinforcing agent consists of 12 parts carbon black N330, 10 parts kaolin, and 20 parts fumed silica; the antioxidant consists of 1.5 parts antioxidant TMQ, 1 part antioxidant H71, and 1.5 parts antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent consists of 2 parts silane coupling agent Si-69 and silane coupling agent KH560. Composition: 2 parts; the accelerator consists of 1.5 parts DTDM, 0.3 parts TMTD, 2.5 parts CZ and 0.5 parts DM.

[0062] The preparation method of this high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-reducing and noise-reducing rubber pad is a step-by-step pre-vulcanization mixing method, which includes the following steps:

[0063] A, step mixing

[0064] The reinforcing agent, antioxidant, silane coupling agent, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur are all divided into a first part and a second part, the mass ratio of the first part and the second part is 1:1;

[0065] The chlorinated butyl rubber and the first part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant and silane coupling agent are blended by a banbury mixer, the blending temperature is 130℃, after uniform blending, the rubber is cooled for 4h, then the first part of stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur are added by an open mill, the open mill temperature is 60℃, after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is obtained, and the CIIR rubber is obtained;

[0066] The natural rubber and the second part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant and silane coupling agent are blended by a banbury mixer, the blending temperature is 130℃, after uniform blending, the rubber is cooled for 4h, then the second part of stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur are added by an open mill, the open mill temperature is 60℃, after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is obtained, and the NR rubber is obtained;

[0067] B, blending process

[0068] The CIIR rubber, NR rubber and brominated p-t-octylphenol formaldehyde vulcanized resin obtained in step A are added into a banbury mixer, the temperature is controlled to be ≤90℃ during the process, the rubber is mixed for 8min, the discharge temperature is ≤100℃, after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is obtained by thin passing of an open mill, and the rubber is obtained;

[0069] C, vulcanization

[0070] The rubber to be vulcanized is placed in a flat vulcanizing machine for vulcanization treatment, and the vulcanization temperature is 160℃, the vulcanization time is 12min, and the vulcanization pressure is 15MPa.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] A high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration-reducing and noise-reducing rubber pad, according to mass fraction, raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 35 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 55 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 10 parts, reinforcing agent 40 parts, brominated p-t-octyl phenolic formaldehyde vulcanized resin HY 205 5 15 parts, zinc oxide 4 parts, stearic acid 3 parts, antioxidant 3.8 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.5 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 0.8 parts; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 10 parts of carbon black N330, 8 parts of kaolin, and 22 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.2 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71, and 1.6 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of 1.5 parts of silane coupling agent Si-69 and 2.5 parts of silane coupling agent KH560; and the accelerator is composed of 1.2 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.4 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.3 parts of accelerator CZ, and 0.6 parts of accelerator DM.

[0073] The preparation method of the high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration-reducing and noise-reducing rubber pad comprises the following steps:

[0074] A, step-by-step mixing

[0075] The reinforcing agent, antioxidant, silane coupling agent, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator, and sulfur are all divided into a first part and a second part, and the mass ratio of the first part to the second part is 1:1;

[0076] The chlorinated butyl rubber is blended with the first part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant, and silane coupling agent through a banbury mixer, the blending temperature is 135℃, after uniform blending, the rubber compound is cooled for 4h, and then the first part of the stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator, and sulfur is added through an open mill, the open mill temperature is 55℃, after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is taken out, and the CIIR rubber compound is obtained;

[0077] The natural rubber and epoxy natural rubber are blended with the second part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant, and silane coupling agent through a banbury mixer, the blending temperature is 135℃, after uniform blending, the rubber compound is cooled for 4h, and then the second part of the stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator, and sulfur is added through an open mill, the open mill temperature is 55℃, after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is taken out, and the NR rubber compound is obtained;

[0078] B, blending processing

[0079] The CIIR rubber compound, NR rubber compound, and brominated p-t-octyl phenolic formaldehyde vulcanized resin obtained in step A are added to a banbury mixer, the temperature is controlled ≤90℃ during the process, mixing for 5min, the rubber discharge temperature is ≤100℃, after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is taken out through an open mill, and the rubber compound is obtained;

[0080] C, vulcanization

[0081] The rubber compound to be vulcanized is placed on a flat vulcanizing machine for vulcanization treatment, the vulcanization temperature is 160℃, the vulcanization time is 12 min, and the vulcanization pressure is 15 MPa.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] A high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad, in terms of mass fraction, raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 49 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 47 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 8 parts, reinforcing agent 40 parts, brominated p-t-octyl phenolic formaldehyde vulcanized resin HY 2055 9 parts, zinc oxide 6 parts, stearic acid 1 part, antioxidant 3.8 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.7 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1.2 parts; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 10 parts of carbon black N330, 12 parts of kaolin, and 18 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.6 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71, and 1.2 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2.5 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 1.5 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.6 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.2 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.6 parts of accelerator CZ, and 0.3 parts of accelerator DM.

[0084] The preparation method of the high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad includes the following steps:

[0085] A, step-by-step mixing

[0086] The reinforcing agent, antioxidant, silane coupling agent, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator, and sulfur are all divided into a first part and a second part, and the mass ratio of the first part to the second part is 1:1;

[0087] The chlorinated butyl rubber is blended with the first part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant, and silane coupling agent through a banbury mixer, the blending temperature is 125℃, after uniform blending, the rubber compound is cooled for 4h, and then the first part of the stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator, and sulfur is added through an open mill, the open mill temperature is 65℃, after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is taken out, and the CIIR rubber compound is obtained;

[0088] The natural rubber and epoxy natural rubber are blended with the second part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant, and silane coupling agent through a banbury mixer, the blending temperature is 125℃, after uniform blending, the rubber compound is cooled for 4h, and then the second part of the stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator, and sulfur is added through an open mill, the open mill temperature is 65℃, after uniform mixing, the rubber sheet is taken out, and the NR rubber compound is obtained;

[0089] B, blending and processing

[0090] The CIIR rubber compound, NR rubber compound and brominated p-t- octylphenolic aldehyde vulcanized resin obtained in step A are added into an internal mixer, and the temperature is controlled to be ≤90℃ during the process, and the rubber compound is mixed for 10 min, and the discharge temperature is ≤100℃, and the rubber compound is uniformly mixed, and then the rubber compound is extruded into a sheet by an open mill to obtain a mixed rubber compound;

[0091] C. vulcanization

[0092] The rubber compound to be vulcanized is placed in a flat vulcanizing machine for vulcanization treatment, and the vulcanization temperature is 160℃, the vulcanization time is 12 min, and the vulcanization pressure is 15 MPa.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] A high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad, according to mass parts, raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 26 parts, brominated butyl rubber 2255 65 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 9 parts, reinforcing agent 44 parts, brominated p-t-octylphenolic aldehyde vulcanized resin HY 2055 11 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 14 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, and 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71, and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of 2 parts of silane coupling agent Si-69 and 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH560; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ, and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM.

[0095] The preparation method of the high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad, comprising the following steps:

[0096] A. Step-by-step mixing

[0097] The reinforcing agent, antioxidant, silane coupling agent, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur are all divided into a first part and a second part, and the mass ratio of the first part to the second part is 1:1;

[0098] The brominated butyl rubber is blended with the first part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant and silane coupling agent by an internal mixer, the blending temperature is 130℃, and after the rubber compound is uniformly blended, it is cooled for 4h, and then the first part of the stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur is added by an open mill, the temperature of the open mill is 60℃, and after the rubber compound is uniformly mixed, the rubber sheet is obtained, and the CIIR rubber compound is obtained;

[0099] The natural rubber and epoxy natural rubber are blended with the second part of the reinforcing agent, antioxidant and silane coupling agent through the internal mixer, the blending temperature is 130℃, the rubber is cooled for 4h after uniform blending, then the stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur in the second part are added through the open mill, the open mill temperature is 60℃, the rubber sheet is obtained after uniform mixing, and the NR rubber is obtained;

[0100] B, blending process

[0101] The CIIR rubber sheet obtained in step A, the NR rubber sheet and brominated p-t-octyl phenolic formaldehyde vulcanized resin are added into the internal mixer, the temperature is controlled to be ≤90℃ during the process, the rubber is mixed for 8min, the rubber is discharged at a temperature ≤100℃, and the rubber sheet is obtained after thin passing through the open mill, and the rubber sheet is obtained;

[0102] C, vulcanization

[0103] The rubber to be vulcanized is placed in a flat vulcanizing machine for vulcanization treatment, and the vulcanization temperature is 160℃, the vulcanization time is 12min, and the vulcanization pressure is 15MPa.

[0104] Example 5

[0105] A high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad, according to mass fraction, the raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 39 parts, brominated butyl rubber 2255 55 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 6 parts, reinforcing agent 44 parts, brominated p-t-octyl phenolic formaldehyde vulcanized resin HY 2055 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 14 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, and 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM.

[0106] The preparation method of the high-damping low-dynamic-static-ratio vibration and noise reduction rubber pad is the same as that of example 4.

[0107] Comparative example 1

[0108] A rubber pad, the formula is similar to example 1, the only difference is that the chlorinated butyl rubber is replaced by ordinary butyl rubber 268, the specific raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 38 parts, butyl rubber 268 50 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR5012 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, brominated p-t octyl phenolic vulcanization resin HY 2055 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 12 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, and the pad preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0109] Comparative example 2

[0110] A rubber pad, the formula is similar to example 1, the only difference is that the chlorinated butyl rubber is replaced by ordinary butyl rubber 268, the specific raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 38 parts, butyl rubber 268 50 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR5012 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, brominated p-t octyl phenolic vulcanization resin HY 2055 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 12 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, and the pad preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0111] Comparative example 3

[0112] A rubber mat, the formula is similar to example 1, the only difference is that the fumed white carbon black is omitted, the amount of carbon black N330 is increased to 32 parts, the specific raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 38 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 50 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 12 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, brominated p-t octyl phenolic vulcanizing resin HY 2055 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 32 parts of carbon black N330 and 10 parts of kaolin; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, the mat preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0113] Comparative example 4

[0114] A rubber mat, the formula is similar to example 1, the only difference is that the fumed white carbon black is omitted, the amount of carbon black N330 is increased to 32 parts, the specific raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 38 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 50 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 12 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, brominated p-t octyl phenolic vulcanizing resin HY 2055 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 10 parts of kaolin, 32 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, the mat preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0115] Comparative example 5

[0116] A rubber pad, the formula is similar to example 1, the only difference is that the amount of natural rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber and epoxy natural rubber is different, the specific raw material includes: natural rubber RSS3 34 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 50 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 16 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, brominated p-t octyl phenolic formaldehyde vulcanizing resin HY 2055 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 12 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, the pad preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0117] Comparative example 6

[0118] A rubber pad, the formula is similar to example 1, the only difference is that the amount of natural rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber and epoxy natural rubber is different, the specific raw material includes: natural rubber RSS3 46 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 50 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 4 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, brominated p-t octyl phenolic formaldehyde vulcanizing resin HY 2055 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 12 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, the pad preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0119] Comparative example 7

[0120] A rubber pad, the formula is similar to example 1, the only difference is that octyl phenolic vulcanized resin 1045 is replaced by brominated p-t-octyl phenolic vulcanized resin HY 2055, the specific raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 38 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 50 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR50 12 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, octyl phenolic vulcanized resin 1045 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 12 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, and the pad preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0121] Comparative example 8

[0122] A rubber pad, the formula is similar to example 1, the only difference is that natural rubber and epoxy natural rubber are omitted, and 100 parts of chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 are used, the specific raw materials include: chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 100 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, brominated p-t-octyl phenolic vulcanized resin HY 2055 12 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 12 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71 and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, and the pad preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0123] Comparative example 9

[0124] A rubber pad, the difference between the formula and example 1 is only that brominated para-t octyl phenolic vulcanized resin HY-2055 is omitted, and the specific raw materials include: natural rubber RSS3 38 parts, chlorinated butyl rubber 1066 50 parts, epoxy natural rubber ENR5012 parts, reinforcing agent 42 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, silane coupling agent 4 parts, accelerator 4.8 parts, sulfur (masterbatch S-80) 1 part; wherein the reinforcing agent is composed of 12 parts of carbon black N330, 10 parts of kaolin, and 20 parts of fumed white carbon black; the antioxidant is composed of 1.5 parts of antioxidant TMQ, 1 part of antioxidant H71, and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 4010NA; the silane coupling agent is composed of silane coupling agent Si-69 2 parts and silane coupling agent KH560 2 parts; the accelerator is composed of 1.5 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.3 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.5 parts of accelerator CZ, and 0.5 parts of accelerator DM, and the pad preparation method is the same as example 1.

[0125] Test example 1

[0126] The pads prepared in the examples and comparative examples are tested for strength and loss factor, and the results are as shown in Tables 1-2.

[0127] The loss factor is tested according to T / CCTAS 76 2023 Track Damping Effect Laboratory Evaluation Method.

[0128] The tensile strength and elongation at break are tested according to the method described in GB / T528, the laboratory environment temperature is (23±2)℃, the relative humidity is (50±5)%, the standard tensile clamp of dumbbell type sample is used for the tensile test, the sample type is 1, the gauge length is 25mm, and the tensile rate is 500mm / min.

[0129] The dynamic-static stiffness ratio is tested according to the method described in TB / T 3395.1, the laboratory environment temperature is (23±2)℃, the relative humidity is (50±5)%, wherein the static stiffness of the pad is tested according to the provisions of Appendix A of TB / T3395.1, and the dynamic stiffness is tested according to the provisions of Appendix B of TB / T3395.1. The maximum loading force value of the pad in the test is 80kN, F1 is the compression amount of the pad when loaded with 20kN, F2 is the compression amount of the pad when loaded with 70kN, and the dynamic stiffness cyclic load is 70kN~20kN.

[0130] Table 1

[0131]

[0132] Table 2

[0133]

[0134] Test example 2

[0135] The fatigue performance and aging performance tests of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 2, 5, 6, 8 are carried out, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0136] The fatigue performance test method is carried out according to TB / T3395.1 Appendix C, wherein the loading force range of the pad is 20kN~60kN.

[0137] The post-aging test is carried out according to GB / T 528, using a hot air aging test box, the temperature is (100±2)℃, the aging time is 24h, and the post-aging is placed in a standard environment for 4h before testing.

[0138] Table 3

[0139]

[0140] Application Example 1

[0141] The existing conventional pad: prepared mainly from natural rubber, butadiene rubber or styrene-butadiene rubber, the performance meets the requirements of TB / T3395. The conventional rubber pad used in the following application examples 1-3 includes: natural rubber 60 parts, butadiene rubber 40 parts, carbon black N330 20 parts, carbon black N550 20 parts, kaolin 10 parts, precipitated white carbon black 20 parts, zinc oxide 5 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, antioxidant TMQ 1 part, antioxidant MB 1.5 parts, antioxidant H71 1 part, accelerator TMTD 0.4 part, accelerator CZ 1 part, vulcanizing agent D 0.5 part, vulcanizing agent DM 1.5 part, masterbatch S-80 0.8 part.

[0142] As Figure 1 , the spectrum analysis data of the existing conventional rubber pad and the actual application site of Example 1 can be seen, the amplitude of the pad prepared in Example 1 is lower than that of the existing rubber pad, which helps to prolong the fatigue life of the rail.

[0143] As Figure 2 , on the same railway line, the minimum curve radius of the test section is 600m, the rail is polished, and then the comparative test is carried out, and the corrugation after 50 days is compared, Figure 2 A in the middle represents the corrugation after 50 days of the existing conventional rubber pad, Figure 2 B in the middle represents the corrugation after 50 days of the pad of Example 1, from the development speed, the DT-III type pad prepared in Example 1 is laid, a stable contact light band is formed, and the rail corrugation does not develop. Figure 3 A in the middle represents the corrugation of the rail when the existing conventional rubber pad is laid in the unpolished section, the existing conventional rubber pad is replaced with the rubber pad of Example 1, and then the before and after comparative test is carried out, such as Figure 3Medium B, after replacing the pad, due to the change of wheel-rail interaction, the rail forms a new contact light band on the existing corrugation, and the existing corrugation is gradually controlled.

[0144] Application Example 2

[0145] On the high-speed railway track, the surface of the steel rail is first standardized and polished for pretreatment, and then the WJ8 type damping rubber pad prepared by Example 1 is laid on the corresponding track section. The minimum curve radius of the test paving section is 3000m, and the corrugation condition of the test paving site is observed after 55 days. From the results, the WJ8 type damping rubber pad prepared from the existing conventional rubber pad has a corrugation depth of 0.05 (mm) and a wavelength of 115mm. The WJ8 type damping rubber pad prepared by Example 1 has a corrugation depth of 0.02 (mm) and a wavelength of 121mm, indicating that the corrugation develops more gently and the track surface is smoother. This means that the rubber pad of Example 1 has more excellent damping performance, can more effectively absorb the dynamic load and vibration impact generated by the train running, reduce the alternating stress on the rail, thereby delaying the formation and development of corrugation, and is beneficial to improve the track operation stability, prolong the service life of the rail and reduce the track maintenance cost.

[0146] Application Example 3

[0147] On the high-speed railway track, the surface of the steel rail is first standardized and polished for pretreatment, and then the WJ7 type damping rubber pad prepared by Example 1 is laid on the target track section. The minimum curve radius of the test paving section is 2500m, and the corrugation condition of the test paving site is observed after 57 days. From the results, the pad prepared by Example 1 forms a stable contact light band, and the rail corrugation does not develop.

[0148] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad, characterized in that, By weight, the raw materials include: 25-50 parts natural rubber, 45-65 parts halogenated butyl rubber, 6-12 parts epoxy natural rubber, 40-50 parts reinforcing agent, 9-15 parts brominated p-tert-octylphenolic vulcanizing resin, 4-6 parts zinc oxide, 1-3 parts stearic acid, 3.4-4.5 parts antioxidant, 3-5 parts silane coupling agent, 4-5 parts accelerator, and 0.8-1.2 parts sulfur. The reinforcing agent, by weight, consists of 10-14 parts carbon black N330, 8-14 parts kaolin, and 18-22 parts fumed silica.

2. The high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The halogenated butyl rubber is chlorinated butyl rubber and / or brominated butyl rubber.

3. The high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The halogenated butyl rubber is chlorinated butyl rubber.

4. The high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silane coupling agent is selected from one or more of silane coupling agents Si-69, KH550, and KH560.

5. The high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant is selected from one or more of antioxidants TMQ, H71, and 4010NA.

6. The high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accelerator is selected from one or more of accelerators DTDM, TMTD, CZ, and DM.

7. The high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accelerator, by weight, consists of 1.2-1.6 parts of accelerator DTDM, 0.2-0.4 parts of accelerator TMTD, 2.3-2.6 parts of accelerator CZ, and 0.3-0.6 parts of accelerator DM.

8. The method for preparing the high-damping, low-dynamic-to-static-ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A. Step-by-step mixing The reinforcing agent, antioxidant, silane coupling agent, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur are divided into the first part and the second part, respectively; Halogenated butyl rubber is blended with the reinforcing agent, antioxidant and silane coupling agent in Part 1 through a mixer. After the mixture is evenly blended, the rubber compound is cooled for 4 hours. After cooling, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur in Part 1 are added through a two-roll mill. After the mixture is evenly blended, rubber sheets are produced to obtain CIIR compound. Natural rubber and epoxy natural rubber are blended with the reinforcing agent, antioxidant and silane coupling agent in Part 2 through a mixer. After the mixture is evenly blended, the rubber compound is cooled for 4 hours. After cooling, stearic acid, zinc oxide, accelerator and sulfur in Part 2 are added through a two-roll mill. After the mixture is evenly blended, rubber sheets are produced to obtain NR compound. B. Blending Processing Add the CIIR compound, NR compound and brominated p-octylphenol aldehyde vulcanizing resin obtained in step A into a mixer, control the temperature to ≤90℃ during the process, mix for 5-10 minutes, discharge temperature ≤100℃, and after uniform mixing, use a two-roll mill to pass out thin sheets of rubber to obtain the compound. C. Vulcanization The rubber compound to be vulcanized is obtained by placing it in a flat vulcanizing machine for vulcanization.

9. The application of the high-damping, low dynamic-to-static ratio vibration-damping and noise-reducing rubber pad as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Used on railway lines, bridges and turnouts.

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