Coal mine dust concentration over-limit spraying and dust-settling device and control system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine underground dust prevention and control, in particular to a coal mine dust concentration over-limit spraying and dust-settling device and a control system thereof.The coal mine dust concentration over-limit spraying and dust-settling device comprises a dust sensing array composed of a plurality of dust concentration sensors arranged in a spatially separated mode, a main sensor arranged close to a dust generation source, and a dust concentration sensor arranged close to the dust generation source, the at least two auxiliary sensors are sequentially arranged at a set interval; the wind speed sensing unit is mounted in a preset range of the upwind direction of the main sensor and is used for synchronously capturing real-time wind speed; the partition spraying actuator comprises independent spraying units corresponding to the positions of the sensors, and each unit is provided with a quick-response electromagnetic valve and an atomizing nozzle; the multi-source information fusion controller is connected with the dust sensing array, the wind speed sensing unit and the partition spraying actuator through an industrial field bus; through dynamic threshold setting, dust diffusion path monitoring and prediction interception technologies, the problems of response lag and excessive spraying of a traditional fixed threshold system are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology in underground coal mines, and in particular to a dust suppression spray device for excessive dust concentration in coal mines and its control system. Background Technology

[0002] During underground coal mine operations, equipment such as coal mining machines, tunneling machines, and conveyors generate a large amount of dust. This dust not only seriously endangers the respiratory health of underground workers, but may also cause safety accidents such as explosions due to excessive dust concentration. Therefore, dust control is a key aspect of safe coal mine production. Spray dust suppression, as the most commonly used dust control method, captures dust particles in the air by atomizing water droplets. It has the characteristics of low cost and high efficiency and is widely used in various underground coal mine operating areas.

[0003] Traditional coal mine dust suppression spray systems typically employ a fixed concentration threshold triggering mechanism. This involves deploying a single dust concentration sensor in the work area, activating the spray system when the detected dust concentration exceeds a preset fixed value, and shutting off when the concentration drops below the threshold. However, the underground coal mine environment is highly dynamic, with wind speed in the roadway frequently changing due to factors such as ventilation system adjustments and natural wind pressure. Since dust diffusion speed is positively correlated with wind speed, the fixed threshold mechanism cannot adapt to wind speed variations: at low wind speeds, dust diffusion is slow, and by the time the sensor detects an excessive concentration, the dust has already spread to a distant area, resulting in delayed spray activation and persistently excessive dust concentrations in downstream areas. At high wind speeds, dust diffusion is rapid, and the fixed threshold may trigger the spray prematurely before the actual dust reaches the sensor location, leading to water waste. Furthermore, traditional devices only place sensors at fixed locations, failing to cover the dust diffusion path. Even if the source spray is activated, downstream areas may still experience excessive dust concentrations due to uninterrupted dust diffusion, limiting the dust suppression effect.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a dust suppression spray device and its control system for coal mines with excessive dust concentration. By employing dynamic threshold setting, dust diffusion path monitoring, and predictive interception technologies, it solves the response lag and over-spraying issues of traditional fixed threshold systems. Specifically, this invention deploys main and auxiliary sensors along the dust generation source and diffusion path to construct a spatiotemporal monitoring network for dust diffusion. Wind speed data is captured in real time by an upwind wind speed sensor. A multi-source information fusion controller dynamically generates increasing trigger and shutdown thresholds based on real-time wind speed and immediately initiates source spraying when the main sensor detects excessive concentration. Furthermore, it predicts the time window for the dust cloud to reach the downstream auxiliary sensor based on real-time wind speed and sensor spacing. If the auxiliary sensor detects an abnormal concentration within this window, the corresponding downstream spraying is initiated, achieving precise path interception. Finally, the event termination is determined by the concentration decrease rate and the shutdown threshold, quickly shutting down all spray units. This device, through a dual mechanism of wind speed-driven threshold adaptation and dust cloud movement prediction and interception, simultaneously achieves rapid source suppression, precise path interception, and efficient resource shutdown in a single dust event, significantly improving dust suppression efficiency and reducing water consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems of response lag and overspray in the traditional fixed threshold system during the daily operation of traditional coal mine dust spraying dust suppression devices.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a dust suppression spray device for excessive dust concentration in coal mines, comprising: The dust sensing array consists of multiple dust concentration sensors arranged in a spatially separated manner, including: The main sensor is deployed close to the dust source; at least two auxiliary sensors are deployed sequentially at set intervals along the main airflow direction of the roadway. The wind speed sensing unit is installed on the main sensor within a preset wind direction range to synchronously capture real-time wind speed; The zoned spray actuator includes independent spray units corresponding to the positions of each sensor, and each unit is equipped with a fast-response solenoid valve and atomizing nozzle; The multi-source information fusion controller connects to the dust sensor array, wind speed sensor unit, and zoned spray actuator via an industrial fieldbus.

[0007] Preferably, the dust sensing array consists of a main sensor and at least two auxiliary sensors. The main sensor is located close to the dust source, and the auxiliary sensors are deployed at intervals along the airflow direction to form a dust diffusion path monitoring network. The wind speed sensing unit is installed within a certain distance upwind of the main sensor to ensure that the wind speed data is dynamically correlated with the dust source. Each spray unit of the zoned spray actuator is equipped with a high-pressure atomizing nozzle and a solenoid valve. The nozzle cone angle covers the entire cross-section of the roadway. The multi-source information fusion controller integrates all units through an industrial bus to achieve real-time data interaction. The hardware layout of this device establishes the foundation for spatiotemporal perception of dust diffusion, and the zoned independent spraying supports precise targeted dust suppression.

[0008] Preferably, the deployment spacing of the auxiliary sensors is dynamically adjustable according to the tunnel cross-sectional dimensions and historical dust diffusion rate, with an adjustment range of 10–50 meters. In use, the spacing of the auxiliary sensors is dynamically adjusted between 10 and 50 meters according to the tunnel cross-section and dust type to adapt to different tunnel conditions and balance monitoring accuracy and cost.

[0009] Preferably, the installation positions of the wind speed sensing unit and the main sensor are such that they are located in the same roadway cross section or in a stable airflow area. In use, the wind speed sensing unit and the main sensor are located in the same roadway cross section or in a stable airflow area, eliminating wind speed measurement deviation and ensuring spatiotemporal consistency between real-time wind speed and dust concentration data.

[0010] Preferably, the spray cone angle of the atomizing nozzle is configured to cover the entire cross-section of the tunnel at the corresponding sensor location, avoiding spray blind spots and improving single-point dust suppression efficiency.

[0011] The control system for the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device is applied to the aforementioned coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device, wherein the multi-source information fusion controller is used to execute: a. Dynamic threshold setting: Based on real-time wind speed values, generate dust concentration trigger thresholds and shutdown thresholds that increase with increasing wind speed; b. Source trend response: When the main sensor detects that the concentration rise rate exceeds the critical slope and the concentration value is higher than the current trigger threshold, the source spray unit is immediately activated; c. Downstream Prediction and Interception: After activating the source spray unit, the dust cloud propagation time window is calculated based on the real-time wind speed and sensor spacing. If any auxiliary sensor detects that the concentration rise rate exceeds the limit or the concentration value is higher than the current trigger threshold within this window, the corresponding downstream spray unit is activated. d. Event termination determination: When the rate of decrease in concentration of the main sensor exceeds the set threshold, and the concentration of the sensors corresponding to all active spray units is lower than the current shutdown threshold, all spray units are shut down.

[0012] During the dynamic threshold calculation process, real-time data from wind speed sensors is used. Dust concentration trigger threshold With the closing threshold The trigger threshold increases with increasing wind speed; During the source trend trigger control process, when the concentration change rate of the main sensor exceeds the set slope threshold and its real-time concentration value is higher than the dynamic trigger threshold, the corresponding spray unit is immediately activated. During downstream predictive interception, after activating the corresponding spray unit, the predicted time window for the dust cloud to reach the auxiliary sensor is calculated based on real-time wind speed. If the concentration change rate of any auxiliary sensor exceeds the set slope threshold or its concentration value is higher than the dynamic trigger threshold within this window, the corresponding downstream spray unit will be activated. During the event termination determination control process, when the concentration change rate of the main sensor turns negative and exceeds the set threshold, and the sensor concentrations corresponding to all activated spray units are lower than the dynamic shutdown threshold, all spray units are shut down.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the trigger threshold setting logic in step a is as follows: the baseline threshold is dynamically scaled according to a proportional relationship positively correlated with the real-time wind speed.

[0014] The dynamic trigger threshold calculation in step a satisfies: ; in, As the baseline concentration threshold, For wind speed sensitivity coefficient, The offset constant is calibrated using measured data from the tunnel.

[0015] As a preferred option, the dust cloud propagation time window in step c is determined by the ratio of real-time wind speed value to sensor spacing, and a minimum wind speed limit is introduced to prevent calculation overflow.

[0016] Predicting event window in step c Determined by the following formula: ; in, For sensor spacing, This is the diffusion correction factor. To prevent the minimum wind speed from being reduced to zero.

[0017] As a preferred option, the logic for setting the closing threshold in step d is as follows: the threshold is adjusted proportionally based on the trigger threshold, and this proportional coefficient increases as the wind speed increases.

[0018] The dynamic shutdown threshold in step d is generated proportionally from the dynamic trigger threshold, specifically as follows: ; Among them, the proportionality coefficient It increases linearly from 0.5 to 0.8 as wind speed increases.

[0019] Preferably, the multi-source information fusion controller is also used to perform a parameter optimization step, specifically: By comparing the deviation between the actual time it takes for the dust cloud to reach the downstream sensor and the predicted time window, the propagation time calculation parameters are dynamically corrected.

[0020] Record the actual concentration rise time difference between the main sensor and the auxiliary sensor. , and the prediction time window In contrast, the coefficients are dynamically adjusted using the PID algorithm. or To minimize prediction error.

[0021] Preferably, the control system of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device establishes a dust diffusion time sequence model and determines the mapping relationship between wind speed and dust propagation delay through historical data training.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are: A dust diffusion spatiotemporal monitoring network is constructed by deploying main and auxiliary sensors along the dust source and diffusion path using a dust sensor array. A wind speed sensor unit synchronously captures real-time wind speed upwind from the main sensor. A multi-source information fusion controller dynamically generates increasing dust concentration trigger and shutdown thresholds based on real-time wind speed. When the main sensor detects an excessive rate of concentration increase and the concentration value exceeds the dynamic trigger threshold, the source spray unit is immediately activated. After activating the source unit, a dust cloud propagation time window is calculated based on real-time wind speed and sensor spacing. If the auxiliary sensor detects an abnormal concentration within this window, the corresponding downstream spray unit is activated. When the main sensor's concentration decrease rate exceeds the limit and the concentration in all activated areas falls below the dynamic shutdown threshold, all spray units are quickly shut down. Thus, through a dual control mechanism of dust cloud movement prediction and interception combined with wind speed-driven threshold adaptation, rapid source suppression, precise path interception, and efficient resource shutdown are simultaneously achieved in a single dust event response. This solves the response lag and over-spraying problems of traditional fixed threshold systems, improving dust suppression efficiency and reducing water consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the dust suppression spray device for excessive dust concentration in coal mines according to the present invention. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a layout schematic of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device of the present invention. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic of the control system architecture of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device of the present invention; Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the control system of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Main sensor; 2. Auxiliary sensor; 3. Wind speed sensing unit; 4. Atomizing nozzle; 5. Solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 This invention provides an embodiment of a coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device, comprising: The dust sensing array consists of multiple dust concentration sensors arranged in a spatially separated manner, including: The main sensor 1 is deployed close to the dust source; at least two auxiliary sensors 2 are deployed sequentially at set intervals along the main airflow direction of the roadway. Wind speed sensing unit 3 is installed on the main sensor 1 within the preset wind direction range to synchronously capture real-time wind speed; The zoned spray actuator includes an independent spray unit corresponding to the position of each sensor, and each unit is equipped with a fast-response solenoid valve 5 and an atomizing nozzle 4; The multi-source information fusion controller connects to the dust sensor array, wind speed sensor unit 3, and zoned spray actuator via an industrial fieldbus.

[0026] The dust sensing array consists of a main sensor 1 and at least two auxiliary sensors 2. The main sensor 1 is located close to the dust source, and the auxiliary sensors 2 are deployed at intervals along the airflow direction to form a dust diffusion path monitoring network. The wind speed sensing unit 3 is installed within a certain distance upwind of the main sensor 1 to ensure that the wind speed data is dynamically correlated with the dust source. Each spray unit of the zoned spray actuator is equipped with a high-pressure atomizing nozzle 4 and a solenoid valve 5. The nozzle cone angle covers the entire cross-section of the tunnel. The multi-source information fusion controller integrates all units through an industrial bus to achieve real-time data interaction. The hardware layout of this device establishes the foundation for spatiotemporal perception of dust diffusion, and the zoned independent spraying supports precise targeted dust suppression.

[0027] The deployment spacing of auxiliary sensor 2 is dynamically adjustable according to the cross-sectional size of the roadway and the historical dust diffusion rate. The adjustment range is 10-50 meters. In use, the spacing of auxiliary sensor 2 is dynamically adjusted between 10-50m according to the cross-sectional size of the roadway and the type of dust to adapt to different roadway conditions and balance monitoring accuracy and cost.

[0028] The installation positions of the wind speed sensing unit 3 and the main sensor 1 are such that they are located in the same roadway cross section or in a stable airflow area. During use, the wind speed sensing unit 3 and the main sensor 1 are located in the same roadway cross section or in a stable airflow area to eliminate wind speed measurement deviation and ensure the spatiotemporal consistency of real-time wind speed and dust concentration data.

[0029] The spray cone angle of the atomizing nozzle 4 is configured to cover the entire cross-section of the tunnel at the corresponding sensor location, avoiding spray blind spots and improving the efficiency of single-point dust suppression.

[0030] The control system for a coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device is applied to coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device. The multi-source information fusion controller is used for execution: a. Dynamic threshold setting: Based on real-time wind speed values, generate dust concentration trigger thresholds and shutdown thresholds that increase with increasing wind speed; b. Source trend response: When the main sensor 1 detects that the concentration rise rate exceeds the critical slope and the concentration value is higher than the current trigger threshold, the source spray unit is immediately activated; c. Downstream Prediction and Interception: After activating the source spray unit, the dust cloud propagation time window is calculated based on the real-time wind speed and sensor spacing. If any auxiliary sensor 2 detects that the concentration rise rate exceeds the limit or the concentration value is higher than the current trigger threshold within this window, the corresponding downstream spray unit is activated. d. Event termination determination: When the concentration decrease rate of main sensor 1 exceeds the set threshold, and the sensor concentrations corresponding to all activated spray units are lower than the current shutdown threshold, all spray units are shut down.

[0031] During the dynamic threshold calculation process, real-time data from wind speed sensors is used. Dust concentration trigger threshold With the closing threshold The trigger threshold increases with increasing wind speed; During the source trend trigger control process, when the concentration change rate of the main sensor 1 exceeds the set slope threshold and its real-time concentration value is higher than the dynamic trigger threshold, the corresponding spray unit is immediately activated. During the downstream predictive interception process, after activating the corresponding spray unit, the predicted time window for the dust cloud to reach auxiliary sensor 2 is calculated based on real-time wind speed. If the concentration change rate of any auxiliary sensor 2 exceeds the set slope threshold or its concentration value is higher than the dynamic trigger threshold within this window, the corresponding downstream spray unit will be activated. During the event termination control process, when the concentration change rate of the main sensor 1 turns negative and exceeds the set threshold, and the sensor concentrations corresponding to all activated spray units are lower than the dynamic shutdown threshold, all spray units are shut down.

[0032] The trigger threshold setting logic in step a is as follows: the baseline threshold is dynamically scaled according to a proportional relationship positively correlated with the real-time wind speed.

[0033] The dynamic trigger threshold calculation in step a satisfies: ; in, As the baseline concentration threshold, For wind speed sensitivity coefficient, The offset constant is calibrated using measured data from the tunnel.

[0034] The dust cloud propagation time window in step c is determined by the ratio of real-time wind speed to sensor spacing, and a minimum wind speed limit is introduced to prevent calculation overflow.

[0035] Predicting event window in step c Determined by the following formula: ; in, For sensor spacing, This is the diffusion correction factor. To prevent the minimum wind speed from being reduced to zero.

[0036] The logic for setting the shutdown threshold in step d is as follows: the threshold is adjusted proportionally based on the trigger threshold, and this proportional coefficient increases as the wind speed increases.

[0037] The dynamic shutdown threshold in step d is generated proportionally from the dynamic trigger threshold, specifically as follows: ; Among them, the proportionality coefficient It increases linearly from 0.5 to 0.8 as wind speed increases.

[0038] The multi-source information fusion controller is also used to perform parameter optimization steps, specifically: By comparing the deviation between the actual time it takes for the dust cloud to reach the downstream sensor and the predicted time window, the propagation time calculation parameters are dynamically corrected.

[0039] Record the actual concentration rise time difference between main sensor 1 and auxiliary sensor 2 , and the prediction time window In contrast, the coefficients are dynamically adjusted using the PID algorithm. or To minimize prediction error.

[0040] The control system of the dust suppression spray device for excessive dust concentration in coal mines establishes a dust diffusion time series model, and determines the mapping relationship between wind speed and dust propagation delay through training with historical data.

[0041] Through the above steps, a dust diffusion path monitoring network is formed using the main sensor 1 and the auxiliary sensor 2. The wind speed sensing unit 3 is installed within a certain distance upwind of the main sensor 1 to ensure that the wind speed data is dynamically correlated with the dust source. Each spray unit of the zoned spray actuator is equipped with a high-pressure atomizing nozzle 4 and a solenoid valve 5. The nozzle cone angle covers the entire cross-section of the roadway. The multi-source information fusion controller integrates all units using an industrial bus to achieve real-time data interaction. The hardware layout of this device establishes the foundation for spatiotemporal perception of dust diffusion, and the zoned independent spraying supports precise targeted dust suppression.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression spray device for excessive dust concentration in coal mines, characterized in that: include: The dust sensing array consists of multiple dust concentration sensors arranged in a spatially separated manner, including: A main sensor (1) is deployed close to the dust source; at least two auxiliary sensors (2) are deployed sequentially at set intervals along the main airflow direction of the roadway. The wind speed sensing unit (3) is installed on the main sensor (1) within the preset wind direction range to synchronously capture real-time wind speed; The zoned spray actuator includes an independent spray unit corresponding to each sensor position, and each unit is equipped with a fast-response solenoid valve (5) and an atomizing nozzle (4). The multi-source information fusion controller is connected to the dust sensor array, wind speed sensor unit (3) and zone spray actuator via industrial fieldbus.

2. The dust suppression spray device for excessive coal mine dust concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deployment spacing of the auxiliary sensor (2) is dynamically adjustable according to the cross-sectional size of the roadway and the historical dust diffusion rate, with an adjustment range of 10–50 meters.

3. The dust suppression spray device for excessive coal mine dust concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation positions of the wind speed sensing unit (3) and the main sensor (1) are such that they are located in the same roadway cross section or in a stable airflow area.

4. The dust suppression spray device for excessive coal mine dust concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray cone angle of the atomizing nozzle (4) is configured to cover the entire cross section of the roadway at the corresponding sensor location.

5. A control system for a coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device, applied to the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The multi-source information fusion controller is used to perform: a. Dynamic threshold setting: Based on real-time wind speed values, generate dust concentration trigger thresholds and shutdown thresholds that increase with increasing wind speed; b. Source trend response: When the main sensor (1) detects that the concentration rise rate exceeds the critical slope and the concentration value is higher than the current trigger threshold, the source spray unit is immediately activated; c. Downstream prediction and interception: After activating the source spray unit, the dust cloud propagation time window is calculated based on the real-time wind speed and sensor spacing. If any auxiliary sensor (2) detects that the concentration rise rate exceeds the limit or the concentration value is higher than the current trigger threshold within this window, the corresponding downstream spray unit is activated. d. Event termination determination: When the concentration decrease rate of the main sensor (1) exceeds the set threshold, and the concentration of the sensors corresponding to all activated spray units is lower than the current shutdown threshold, all spray units are shut down.

6. The control system of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trigger threshold setting logic in step a is as follows: the baseline threshold is dynamically scaled according to a proportional relationship positively correlated with the real-time wind speed.

7. The control system of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dust cloud propagation time window in step c is determined by the ratio of real-time wind speed to sensor spacing, and a minimum wind speed limit is introduced to prevent calculation overflow.

8. The control system of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The logic for setting the shutdown threshold in step d is as follows: the threshold is adjusted proportionally based on the trigger threshold, and this proportional coefficient increases as the wind speed increases.

9. The control system of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-source information fusion controller is also used to perform parameter optimization steps, specifically: By comparing the deviation between the actual time it takes for the dust cloud to reach the downstream sensor and the predicted time window, the propagation time calculation parameters are dynamically corrected.

10. The control system of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that: The control system of the coal mine dust concentration exceeding the limit spray dust suppression device establishes a dust diffusion time sequence model, and determines the mapping relationship between wind speed and dust propagation delay through historical data training.

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