High-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with spiral runner structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure. The high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve comprises a valve body, a sealing end cover, a needle-shaped valve element and an inlet end cover. A through cavity is formed in the center of the valve body in the axial direction. The sealing end cover, the needle-shaped valve element and the inlet end cover are sequentially and coaxially assembled and connected into the cavity of the valve body from top to bottom. A gas outlet channel is arranged on the side wall of the valve body and located between the sealing end cover and the needle-shaped valve element, a gas inlet channel is arranged at the bottom of the inlet end cover, and gas enters from the gas inlet channel and is exhausted through the gas outlet channel. The needle valve has the advantages of being simple in structure and long in service life, and the two spiral flow channel notches are evenly distributed in the outer surface of the needle valve element; due to the design of the spiral flow channel, the hydrodynamic performance is effectively improved, the reliability of the system is enhanced, and meanwhile the energy utilization rate and the impact resistance are improved; in addition, the pressure of hydrogen at the outlet of the valve body can be effectively controlled through the design of the adjusting channel, and the pressure is still kept relatively stable under extreme conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and more specifically to a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure. Background Technology

[0002] High-pressure hydrogen storage (≥70 MPa) is a key technology for increasing the storage density of gaseous hydrogen. It is technologically advanced and economical, and is an important development direction in the current hydrogen energy field. High-pressure hydrogen valve technology under 70 MPa pressure system is relatively mature abroad, while domestic technology is still mainly based on 35 MPa pressure system. Therefore, the development of 70 MPa-level high-pressure hydrogen valves is not only an inevitable trend in industry development, but also meets the broad market demand.

[0003] However, traditional hydrogen valves struggle to achieve stable hydrogen output under high pressure ratios and high flow rates, easily leading to problems such as vibration, shock, and high energy consumption. These issues can cause mechanical fatigue in the valve core and other critical components under high pressure vibration and shock, even inducing cracks, ultimately resulting in hydrogen leakage and posing a serious threat to the safety of the storage and supply system. Therefore, studying the flow field, noise field, and stress field distribution of hydrogen valves under dynamic high pressure conditions is of great significance for optimizing the valve's key structure and improving its high pressure resistance and shock resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure, which aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure includes a valve body, a sealing end cap, a needle valve core, and an inlet end cap. The valve body has a through cavity along the axial direction at its center; the sealing end cap, the needle valve core, and the inlet end cap are coaxially assembled and connected in the cavity of the valve body from top to bottom. The valve body has an air outlet channel on its side wall, which is located between the sealing end cap and the needle valve core. The bottom of the inlet end cap has an air inlet channel, through which gas enters and exits through the air outlet channel.

[0006] Preferably, the needle valve core includes a valve core body and a valve tip integrally connected to the valve core body; The valve core body has a stepped groove hole along the axial direction at its center, and the valve core body has multiple notches on its side wall, which are connected to the stepped groove hole. The valve tip has a multi-conical structure and is adapted to the air intake channel.

[0007] Preferably, the outer surface of the valve core body is provided with multiple spiral flow channels, all of which are located below the notch; the cross-sectional area of ​​the multiple spiral flow channels gradually increases from the air inlet direction to the air outlet direction.

[0008] Preferably, a baffle is installed in the stepped groove of the valve core body, and the baffle has a plurality of evenly distributed air holes, the diameter of which gradually decreases along the gas flow direction.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a spring end cap, which is located in the stepped groove of the valve core body and above the partition plate. The top of the spring end cap is provided with a stepped hole and a plurality of evenly distributed through holes.

[0010] Preferably, an upper spring is provided between the spring end cap and the partition, and a lower spring is provided between the valve core body and the inlet end cap.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the sealing end cap is provided with a countersunk hole, and a double-ended stud is installed in the countersunk hole. The double-ended stud is fixed to the countersunk hole by a washer and a nut.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes an adjusting rod. The center of the double-ended stud has a through hole along the axial direction. One end of the adjusting rod passes through the sealing end cap and is inserted into the through hole of the double-ended stud. The other end is inserted into the stepped hole of the spring end cap. An elastic body is provided between the adjusting rod and the spring end cap.

[0013] Preferably, a first O-ring is provided between the side wall of the valve core body and the inner wall of the valve body, and a second O-ring is provided between the side wall of the sealing end cap and the inner wall of the valve body.

[0014] Preferably, a first sealing ring is provided between the side wall of the valve core body and the inlet end cover, the first sealing ring being located above the notch, and a second sealing ring is provided between the adjusting rod and the sealing end cover.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention relates to a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure. Based on the optimization of existing structures, it has the advantages of simple structure and long service life. The needle valve core of this pressure reducing valve has two spiral flow channel notches evenly distributed on its outer surface, and the pitch and height of the two spiral flow channels are the same. The spiral flow channel design effectively improves the fluid dynamics performance, enhances the reliability of the system, and improves energy utilization and shock resistance. In addition, the design of the regulating channel can effectively control the pressure of hydrogen at the valve body outlet and maintain relative stability even under extreme conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the needle valve core structure provided by the present invention; Figure 3 The attached figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the needle valve core provided by the present invention. Figure 4 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the partition structure provided by the present invention; Figure 5 The attached figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the partition provided by the present invention. Figure 6 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the spring end cap structure provided by the present invention; Figure 7 The attached figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the spring end cap provided by the present invention. in: 1. Valve body; 2. Sealing end cap; 3. Needle valve core; 301. Valve core body; 302. Valve tip; 303. Notched hole; 304. Spiral flow channel; 4. Inlet end cap; 5. Screw; 6. Washer; 7. Double-ended stud; 8. Nut; 9. Adjusting rod; 10. First O-ring seal; 11. Upper spring; 12. Lower spring; 13. First sealing ring; 14. Elastomer; 15. Spring end cap; 16. Partition plate; 17. Inlet passage; 18. Outlet passage; 19. Second O-ring seal; 20. Second sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See Figure 1 The present invention discloses a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel 304 structure, including a valve body 1, a sealing end cap 2, a needle valve core 3, and an inlet end cap 4. The valve body 1 has a through cavity along the axial direction at its center; the sealing end cover 2, the needle valve core 3, and the inlet end cover 4 are coaxially assembled and connected in the cavity of the valve body 1 from top to bottom. The valve body 1 has an air outlet channel 18 on its side wall. The air outlet channel 18 is connected to the outside and is used to transport the regulated fluid. The air outlet channel 18 is located between the sealing end cover 2 and the needle valve core 3. The bottom of the inlet end cover 4 has an air inlet channel 17. Gas enters through the air inlet channel 17 and is discharged through the air outlet channel 18.

[0020] See Figure 1-3 To further optimize the above-mentioned technical effects, the needle valve core 3 includes a valve core body 301 and a valve tip 302 integrally connected to the valve core body 301; The valve core body 301 has a stepped groove hole along the axial direction at its center, and the valve core body 301 has multiple notches 303 on its side wall, which are connected to the stepped groove hole. The valve tip 302 has a multi-conical structure and is adapted to the intake passage 17.

[0021] The outer surface of the valve core body 301 is provided with multiple spiral flow channels 304, all of which are located below the notch 303; the cross-sectional area of ​​the multiple spiral flow channels 304 gradually increases from the air inlet direction to the air outlet direction.

[0022] In this embodiment, the valve tip 302 has a multi-conical structure, with the cone angle gradually increasing along the airflow direction and the inner diameter of the air inlet channel 17 gradually decreasing along the airflow direction. The valve tip 302 is adapted to the air inlet channel 17. The multi-conical structure provides a progressively varying flow channel cross-sectional area, making the fluid flow regulation more precise and stable. Moreover, this structure reduces the fluid velocity and pressure difference in stages, avoiding direct impact of high-speed fluid on the valve core and valve seat, thereby reducing the risk of cavitation and erosion. This design disperses fluid pressure on different cross-sections, avoiding excessive stress on a single cone surface, thereby improving the overall strength and durability of the valve core. In this example, the valve tip 302 is designed with only two cone angles. In practical applications, these cone angles can be increased as needed, and are not limited here. To prevent the valve tip 302 from being impacted and corroded by high-pressure hydrogen for a long time, a nickel-based alloy coating can be used on the valve tip 302. This can effectively prevent the tip of the high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve from being impacted and corroded, ensuring reliable performance.

[0023] The outer surface of the valve core body 301 is provided with multiple spiral flow channels 304. In this embodiment, two spiral flow channel notches are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the valve core body 301, and the pitch and height of the two spiral flow channels 304 are the same. The fluid flows in a rotating manner in the spiral channel, which can effectively disperse the fluid pressure and velocity, making the flow field distribution more uniform and reducing flow instability. The spiral flow channel 304 reduces the chance of the fluid directly impacting the wall, reducing noise caused by turbulence and pressure fluctuations. The spiral structure can evenly distribute the fluid pressure throughout the channel, reduce stress concentration in local structures, and extend the equipment life. The spiral channel has self-cleaning properties, reducing blockage caused by the accumulation of particles or impurities in the channel. The spiral flow channel 304 is optimized with a gradual structure of small inlet and large outlet, which can realize fluid decompression and smooth flow.

[0024] In this embodiment, the valve core body 301 has two notches 303 on its side wall. The two notches 303 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the valve core body 301. The two notches 303 are located above the notches of the two spiral flow channels 304. After the gas flows out from the notches of the two spiral flow channels, it enters the stepped groove in the valve core body 301 through the two notches 303.

[0025] See Figure 4-5 A baffle 16 is installed in the stepped groove of the valve core body 301. The baffle 16 has multiple evenly distributed air holes, and the diameter of the air holes gradually decreases along the gas flow direction.

[0026] The baffle 16 is a two-stage pressure reducing structure of the pressure reducing valve. The surface of the baffle 16 is provided with multiple air holes. The number of air holes can be adjusted as needed. The multiple air holes are arranged in a honeycomb pattern. The honeycomb pattern has high symmetry, which can evenly distribute the external force, reduce stress concentration, and improve the strength and rigidity of the baffle 16. The honeycomb arrangement is compact and can provide a large flow area in a limited area, thereby improving the fluid flow efficiency.

[0027] The pore diameter of the baffle 16 gradually decreases along the gas flow direction. The progressive design from large pores to small pores helps to reduce the gas flow rate, gradually release pressure, and reduce the impact of gas caused by sudden pressure changes.

[0028] See Figure 1-7 It also includes a spring end cap 15, which is located in the stepped groove of the valve core body 301 and above the partition plate 16. The top of the spring end cap 15 is provided with a stepped hole and a number of evenly distributed through holes.

[0029] The through holes can further reduce the pressure of the gas, and their number can be adjusted according to the specific usage conditions; while the stepped holes are mainly used to cooperate with the elastomer 14 and the adjusting rod 9.

[0030] An upper spring 11 is provided between the spring end cap 15 and the partition plate 16, and a lower spring 12 is provided between the valve core body 301 and the inlet end cap 4.

[0031] The inlet end cap 4 and the sealing end cap 2 are assembled and sealed to the valve body 1 by screws 5. The top of the sealing end cap 2 is provided with a countersunk hole, and a double-ended stud 7 is installed in the countersunk hole. The double-ended stud 7 is fixed to the countersunk hole by washers 6 and nuts 8.

[0032] It also includes an adjusting rod 9. The center of the double-ended stud 7 has a through hole along the axial direction. One end of the adjusting rod 9 passes through the sealing end cover 2 and is inserted into the through hole of the double-ended stud 7. The other end is inserted into the stepped hole of the spring end cover 15. An elastic body 14 is provided between the adjusting rod 9 and the spring end cover 15.

[0033] An elastic body 14 and an adjusting rod 9 are sequentially arranged in the stepped hole of the spring end cap 15. The adjusting rod 9 has an inverted T-shaped structure and cooperates with the elastic body 14. The elastic body 14 mainly plays a buffering role to make the adjusting rod 9 less prone to wear.

[0034] The double-ended stud 7 has a through hole in the center, which is consistent with the diameter of the regulating gas channel of the sealing end cover 2. The adjusting rod 9 passes through the regulating gas channel and is inserted into the through hole of the double-ended stud 7. The height of the adjusting rod 9 does not exceed that of the double-ended stud 7. The adjusting rod 9 can move up and down in the regulating gas channel of the sealing end cover 2.

[0035] A first O-ring 10 is provided between the side wall of the valve core body 301 and the inner wall of the valve body 1, and the position of the first O-ring 10 is lower than the air outlet channel 18; a second O-ring 19 is provided between the side wall of the sealing end cover 2 and the inner wall of the valve body 1 to achieve sealing.

[0036] A first sealing ring 13 is provided between the side wall of the valve core body 301 and the inlet end cover 4, adopting a double-layer sealing structure to cope with the large gas flow at this position, ensuring that the gas can completely enter the stepped groove of the valve core body 301 through the notch 303 after passing through the spiral flow channel 304; the first sealing ring 13 is located above the notch 303, and a second sealing ring 20 is provided between the adjusting rod 9 and the sealing end cover 2; it also adopts a double-layer sealing structure, and its position is located below the double-headed stud 7, further improving the sealing performance and preventing gas leakage.

[0037] Gas enters the spiral flow channel 304 through the air inlet channel 17, then passes through the notched hole 303, the stepped groove hole of the valve core body 301, multiple air holes on the surface of the partition plate 16, and multiple through holes of the spring end cap 15, and is then discharged through the air outlet channel 18. This gas flow channel is a medium channel.

[0038] A lower spring 12 is provided between the valve core body 301 and the inlet end cover 4. The lower spring 12 cooperates with the lower surface of the disc-shaped structure on the top of the valve core body 301. An upper spring 11 is provided on the upper surface of the partition 16. When no gas is introduced, both the upper spring 11 and the lower spring 12 are in a compressed state, and the medium passage of the entire pressure reducing valve is closed. In this design, the inlet passage 17 and the regulating passage are simultaneously supplied with gas of the same pressure. When the gas flows in normally, the needle valve core 3 begins to move upward under the impact force of the airflow, the lower spring 12 is released, the medium passage is opened, and the gas passes through each passage in sequence and is finally discharged from the outlet passage 18. During normal operation, when the gas pressure in the regulating channel decreases, the gas pressure in the inlet channel also decreases because the gas pressure in the regulating channel is the same. At this time, the pressure in the outlet channel 18 also tends to decrease. Then, the force exerted by the regulating rod 9 on the spring end cap 15 gradually decreases, thereby reducing the pressure of the spring end cap 15 on the upper spring 11, causing the upper spring 11 to release. The force exerted by the partition 16 on the upper end of the needle valve core 3 decreases, and the needle valve core 3 tends to move upward. At this time, the opening of the multi-conical tip of the needle valve core 3 and the stepped hole of the inlet channel gradually increases, and the amount of gas introduced increases accordingly, thereby maintaining the stability of the outlet flow rate.

[0039] When the gas pressure in the regulating channel increases, since the gas pressure in the inlet channel 17 is the same as that in the regulating channel, the pressure in the outlet channel 18 also increases. At this time, the upper spring 11 is subjected to greater pressure, causing the upper spring 11 to be compressed. The force exerted by the baffle 16 on the upper end of the needle valve core 3 increases, and the needle valve core 3 tends to move downward. As the multi-conical tip of the needle valve core 3 and the opening of the stepped hole in the inlet channel 17 gradually become smaller, the gas flow rate decreases, thereby maintaining the stability of the outlet flow rate and ensuring the normal operation of the system under different pressure conditions.

[0040] The high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel 304 structure designed in this invention has the advantages of simple structure, long service life, and stable outlet flow rate, based on the optimization of the existing structure. The needle valve core 3 of this pressure reducing valve has two spiral flow channel notches evenly distributed on its outer surface, and the pitch and height of the two spiral flow channels 304 are the same. The spiral flow channel 304 design effectively improves the fluid dynamics performance, enhances the reliability of the system, and improves energy utilization and shock resistance. In addition, the design of the regulating channel can effectively control the pressure of hydrogen at the outlet of valve body 1 and maintain relative stability.

[0041] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0042] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure, characterized in that, Includes valve body, sealing end cap, needle valve core and inlet end cap; The valve body has a through cavity along the axial direction at its center; the sealing end cap, the needle valve core, and the inlet end cap are coaxially assembled and connected in the cavity of the valve body from top to bottom. The valve body has an air outlet channel on its side wall, which is located between the sealing end cap and the needle valve core. The bottom of the inlet end cap has an air inlet channel, through which gas enters and exits through the air outlet channel.

2. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The needle valve core includes a valve core body and a valve tip integrally connected to the valve core body; The valve core body has a stepped groove hole along the axial direction at its center, and the valve core body has multiple notches on its side wall, which are connected to the stepped groove hole. The valve tip has a multi-conical structure and is adapted to the air intake channel.

3. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer surface of the valve core body is provided with multiple spiral flow channels, all of which are located below the notch; the cross-sectional area of ​​the multiple spiral flow channels gradually increases from the air inlet direction to the air outlet direction.

4. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A baffle is installed in the stepped groove of the valve core body. The baffle has multiple evenly distributed air holes, and the diameter of the air holes gradually decreases along the gas flow direction.

5. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a spring end cap, which is located in the stepped groove of the valve core body and above the partition plate. The top of the spring end cap is provided with a stepped hole and a plurality of evenly distributed through holes.

6. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, An upper spring is provided between the spring end cap and the partition plate, and a lower spring is provided between the valve core body and the inlet end cap.

7. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the sealing end cap is provided with a countersunk hole, and a double-ended stud is installed in the countersunk hole. The double-ended stud is fixed in the countersunk hole by a washer and a nut.

8. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an adjusting rod. The center of the double-ended stud has a through hole along the axial direction. One end of the adjusting rod passes through the sealing end cap and is inserted into the through hole of the double-ended stud. The other end is inserted into the stepped hole of the spring end cap. An elastic body is provided between the adjusting rod and the spring end cap.

9. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first O-ring is provided between the side wall of the valve core body and the inner wall of the valve body, and a second O-ring is provided between the side wall of the sealing end cap and the inner wall of the valve body.

10. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve with a spiral flow channel structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first sealing ring is provided between the side wall of the valve core body and the inlet end cap, the first sealing ring being located above the notch, and a second sealing ring is provided between the adjusting rod and the sealing end cap.

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