Dibbler suitable for single-seed sowing of long-strip seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a dibbler suitable for single-seed sowing of long-strip seeds, and belongs to the technical field of sowing equipment. The dibbler comprises an annular fixing cylinder, wherein a plurality of through holes are formed in the fixing cylinder in an annular array; the front end cover and the rear end cover are fixedly connected with the two open ends of the fixed cylinder respectively and seal the corresponding open ends, and the rear end cover is annular; the buried seed-metering mechanisms are arranged around the annular outer wall of the fixed cylinder in an annular array manner; an inlet of each buried seed-metering mechanism is communicated with the through hole in the fixed cylinder; the seed guide plates and the seed gathering and scooping spoons are arranged around the annular inner wall of the fixed cylinder in an annular array mode, and the seed guide plates are located on the upstream of the seed gathering and scooping spoons in the rotating direction of the fixed cylinder during sowing and used for guiding the two ends of seeds to move in the direction in which long axes of the seeds are tangent to the rotating direction of the fixed cylinder. Through cooperation of the seed guide plate and the seed gathering and scooping spoon, seed posture adjustment and seed taking are carried out, the miss-seeding rate can be greatly reduced, and the problem of multi-seed entrainment can be greatly solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural power machinery technology, and in particular to agricultural equipment for sowing, specifically a hill seeder adapted for single sowing of long, narrow seeds. This hill seeder is suitable for long, narrow seeds such as sunflower seeds, fennel seeds, pumpkin seeds, and large-seed watermelon seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Long, narrow seeds such as sunflower seeds are prone to problems such as disordered seed-picking posture, multiple seeds being carried along, missed sowing, or deviation of the seed-laying trajectory during mechanical sowing due to their flat shape, offset center of gravity, and smooth surface. These problems seriously affect sowing accuracy and the consistency of crop growth in the later stages.

[0003] Among existing seeding equipment, air suction seed metering devices can achieve high seed picking accuracy through negative pressure adsorption, but they require pneumatic components such as air pumps and pipelines. This not only results in high equipment manufacturing costs (more than 50% higher than mechanical ones), but also high energy consumption and complex maintenance, limiting their application in small and medium-sized growers and low-cost large-scale planting scenarios.

[0004] Traditional mechanical seed metering devices mostly rely on simple grooves or spoon-shaped structures for seed collection, lacking targeted posture control design: First, the seed collection parts (such as ordinary seed scoops) are poorly adapted to the shape of sunflower seeds, and seeds are prone to tipping over or stacking during collection, resulting in a single seed collection rate of less than 70%; Second, there is a lack of effective seed aggregation and guidance structures, resulting in scattered seed distribution in the seed box, unstable seed supply in the seed collection area, and a missed seeding rate of more than 15% during high-speed operation.

[0005] Furthermore, existing seed guides are mostly linear or simply curved, making it impossible to optimize the guiding angle based on the movement trajectory of sunflower seeds, resulting in seed spacing errors of over ±10mm. Therefore, developing a low-cost precision seed metering device that eliminates the need for pneumatic components and achieves posture control through mechanical structures is crucial for solving the problem of efficient sowing of long, narrow seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a hill-planting device adapted for single-seed sowing of long, narrow seeds, aiming to solve the problems of disordered seed picking posture, multiple seeds being caught, and missed sowing caused by the flat and smooth characteristics of long, narrow seeds.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the specific solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An adaptable elongated seed planter, comprising:

[0009] A ring-shaped fixing cylinder with multiple through holes arranged in a ring array on the fixing cylinder;

[0010] The front and rear covers are fixedly connected to and sealed to the two open ends of the fixed cylinder, respectively. The front cover is disc-shaped and the rear cover is ring-shaped.

[0011] A housing that is rotatably connected to and seals the opening in the middle of the rear end cover, and the housing is provided with an inlet.

[0012] A rotating shaft that is fixedly connected to the housing and rotatably connected to the front end cover;

[0013] The soil-planting and seeding mechanism is arranged in a ring array around the annular outer wall of the fixed cylinder, and the inlet of each soil-planting and seeding mechanism is connected to the through hole on the fixed cylinder.

[0014] A seed guide plate and a seed-gathering scoop are arranged in a ring array around the inner wall of a fixed cylinder. The seed guide plate, located upstream of the seed-gathering scoop along the direction of rotation of the fixed cylinder during sowing, guides the two ends of the seeds to move in a direction tangential to the long axis of the seed and the rotation direction of the fixed cylinder. The seed-gathering scoop includes a wing plate, a scoop, a bridging groove, and a seed chamber. The two ends of the bridging groove connect the seed chamber and the scoop, respectively. The side of the bridging groove closest to the wing plate is spaced a certain distance from the fixed cylinder, forming a gap for the seeds to enter the bridging groove. The length of the gap is greater than the length of one seed but less than the length of two seeds. One sidewall of the wing plate faces the outer wall of the seed chamber, and the other sidewall faces the opening of the bridging groove. The distance between the outer wall of the wing plate and the outer wall of the seed chamber gradually decreases along the direction away from the seed guide plate. A partition is provided on the side of the bridging groove away from the wing plate, and the gap between the partition and the fixed cylinder is less than the thickness and width of the seeds.

[0015] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the seed guide plate is arranged in an array of multiple guide posts extending radially along the fixed cylinder. The guide posts are arranged in an equilateral triangle array, with the distance between the outer walls of adjacent guide posts being 1.75 to 2.25 times the seed width. This arrangement prevents bridging between the guide posts, ensures good seed posture, and results in a high seed retrieval success rate.

[0016] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder, the minimum distance between the outer wall of the end of the wing plate facing the seed guide plate and the outer wall of the seed chamber is 1.35 to 1.7 times the seed width, and the minimum distance between the outer wall of the end of the wing plate facing away from the seed guide plate and the outer wall of the seed chamber is 0.7 to 0.9 times the seed width. This creates a narrow interval between the wing plate and the seed chamber that is smaller than the seed width, preventing some seeds from entering the bridging groove when the seed scoop passes through the seed cluster, thereby reducing the probability of multiple seeds being entrained.

[0017] Furthermore, the height of the guide column is equal to the thickness of the seed. In this way, only the attitude adjustment of the layer of seeds that are close to the seed guide plate is performed, while the attitude adjustment of the remaining seeds is not performed. The attitude of the remaining seeds is more chaotic, which means that when the seeds between the wing plate and the seed chamber rotate along their long axis, more seeds need to be pushed, and the resistance is greater. This avoids some seeds entering the bridge groove when passing through the seed group, and further reduces the probability of multiple seeds being entrained.

[0018] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the side walls adjacent to the wing plate and the seed chamber are inclined, so that the distance between them increases radially inward along the fixed cylinder. This allows multiple seeds to form a bridge, and the bridge structure collapses and disintegrates during the flipping process, avoiding the formation of a permanent blockage structure and thus improving the seed retrieval success rate.

[0019] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the bridge groove is V-shaped, and the distance from the lowest point of the inner wall of the bridge groove to the line connecting the two vertices of the V shape is between 0.8 and 1.1 times the seed thickness, that is, less than the width of the seed. This allows multiple seeds in the bridge groove to stack up with each other when the seed scoop rotates to the highest point with the fixed cylinder, but the seeds on top will fall off due to lack of support, thereby playing a role in clearing seeds and reducing the probability of multiple seeds being carried away.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages:

[0021] This invention uses a seed guide plate and a seed-collecting spoon to adjust the posture of long strip seeds and collect them, which can greatly reduce the missed sowing rate and the problem of multiple seeds being carried along, and achieve single-seed sowing. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of the hill-seeding device of the present invention adapted for single-seed sowing of long strips of seeds;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle fixed cylinder;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the combined structure of the seed guide plate and the seed scoop;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Another three-dimensional schematic diagram of the combined structure;

[0026] In the diagram, the components are: fixed cylinder 100; front end cover 210; rear end cover 220; shell 300; seed feeding mechanism 400; seed guide plate 500; seed scooping spoon 600; rotating shaft 700; and seed inlet tube 800.

[0027] Guide column 510; wing plate 610; seed scoop 620; bridge groove 630; seed chamber 640. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0029] The elongated seeds in the following embodiments are sunflower seeds. The seeds are irregularly elongated in shape, and their length, width, and height are not exactly the same at different positions. In this invention, the length, width, and height of a seed refer to the maximum length, maximum width, and maximum height of a single seed. The length is greater than the width, and the width is greater than the height. In actual work, the size of each seed varies. A certain number of seeds are taken and the average value is taken as the length, width, and height of that type of seed. The major axis of the seed is the length direction of the seed, and the minor axis of the seed is the width direction of the seed.

[0030] Example

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The seed planter of the present invention, adapted for single-seed sowing of long strips, includes a fixed cylinder 100, a front end cap 210, a rear end cap 220, a housing 300, a seed-feeding mechanism 400, a seed guide plate 500, a seed-gathering scoop 600, and a rotating shaft 700. The fixed cylinder 100 is annular, with multiple through holes arranged in a circular array on its annular wall surface. The front end cap 210 is disc-shaped, and the rear end cap 220 is annular. The two end caps are fixedly connected to the two open ends of the fixed cylinder 100 and seal the corresponding open ends, thereby forming a chamber for containing seeds. The housing 300 is rotatably connected to the rear end cap 220 and seals the opening in the middle of the rear end cap 220. The housing 300 is provided with a seed inlet, and a seed inlet tube 800 communicates with this seed inlet for replenishing seeds into the chamber. The rotating shaft 700 is fixedly connected to the housing 300 and rotatably connected to the front cover 210. Therefore, when the front cover 210 and the rear cover 220 rotate with the fixed cylinder 100, it is only necessary to fix the rotating shaft 700 to ensure that the housing 300 does not rotate, thereby keeping the inlet of the seed inlet tube 800 facing upward and preventing the seeds in the chamber from overflowing. The seed inlet and metering mechanism 400, the seed guide plate 500, and the seed scoop 600 are all arranged in a circular array around the annular wall of the fixed cylinder 100. The seed inlet and metering mechanism 400 can be a duckbill type opener and closer or a seed guide tube. The inlet of each seed inlet and metering mechanism 400 is connected to the outlet of the seed chamber 640 of the corresponding seed scoop 600 through the corresponding through hole on the fixed cylinder 100.

[0032] When in use, the fixed cylinder 100 contacts the ground, pushing the seeder to move in a straight line. The fixed cylinder 100 rotates due to the force of its interaction with the ground, and the seeds in the chamber roll down to the lowest point in the chamber due to their own gravity, forming a seed cluster. The fixed cylinder 100 drives the seed guide plate 500 and the seed-gathering spoon 600 to rotate. When the seed-gathering spoon 600 comes into contact with the seed cluster, it captures the seeds. As the seed-gathering spoon 600 rotates, the captured seeds move along the seed-gathering spoon 600 under the action of gravity and eventually pass through the through hole on the fixed cylinder 100 into the soil-feeding and seed-discharging mechanism 400, which then delivers them into the soil to complete the sowing.

[0033] This invention primarily utilizes the cooperation of a seed guide plate 500 and a seed-collecting scoop 600 to adjust seed posture and collect seeds. Along the rotation direction of the fixed cylinder 100 during sowing, the seed guide plate 500 is positioned upstream of the seed-collecting scoop 600, allowing it to contact the seed cluster first. This guides the two ends of the seeds to move in a direction tangential to the long axis of the seed and the rotation direction of the fixed cylinder 100 (i.e., the two ends of the seeds move closer to the rotation plane of the fixed cylinder 100), thereby adjusting the seed posture for entry into the downstream seed-collecting process. A seed scoop 600 collects seeds; the seed scoop 600 includes a wing plate 610, a seed scoop 620, a bridging groove 630, and a seed chamber 640. The two ends of the bridging groove 630 are connected to the seed chamber 640 and the seed scoop 620, respectively. The side of the bridging groove 630 near the wing plate 610 is spaced a certain distance from the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 100, forming a gap for seeds to enter the bridging groove 630. The length of this gap is greater than the length of one seed but less than the length of two seeds to reduce the probability of introducing multiple seeds. The width of this gap (… Figure 4 The width of the seed is 1-1.3 times that of the seed. One side wall of the wing plate 610 faces the outer wall of the seed chamber 640, and the other side wall faces the opening of the bridge groove 630. Along the direction away from the seed guide plate 500, the distance between the outer wall of the wing plate 610 and the outer wall of the seed chamber 640 gradually decreases, thereby guiding the seeds to move into the gap between the bridge groove 630 and the fixed cylinder 100, and finally into the seed scoop 620. A partition is provided on the side of the bridge groove 630 away from the wing plate 610. The gap between the partition and the fixed cylinder 100 is smaller than the thickness and width of the seed, thereby preventing the seeds from entering the seed scoop 620 from this side. At the same time, the partition can also guide the seeds entering the bridge groove 630 to move along the axial direction of the bridge groove 630, further adjusting the seed posture. In use, the seed guide plate 500 first contacts the seed cluster, guiding both ends of the seeds toward the rotating surface of the fixed cylinder 100, thereby achieving posture adjustment. When such seeds enter the gap between the wing plate 610 and the outer wall of the seed chamber 640, both ends of the seeds are guided by the wing plate 610 and the outer wall of the seed chamber 640, making it easier for them to be tilted and inserted into the bridge groove 630 after being guided by the wing plate 610. Then, they are guided by both the partition plate and the wing plate 610, and the seed scoop 620 scoops up the seeds. After ensuring single-seed cleaning with gravity assistance, the seed-discharging mechanism 400 accurately places the seeds into the seed hole. This design, through the posture pre-adjustment of the seed guide plate 500, the integrated seed scoop 600, and the coordinated cleaning and discharging of seeds, successfully achieves single-seed picking and sowing, solves the problems of missed sowing and multiple seeds being carried along, and realizes high-precision pure mechanical operation, effectively meeting the needs of precise and efficient sowing of sunflower seeds.

[0034] In some embodiments, a plurality of guide posts 510 extending radially along the fixed cylinder 100 are arranged in an array on the seed guide plate 500. The arrangement of all guide posts 510 allows for adjustment of the seed's orientation using the gaps between adjacent guide posts 510. The specific arrangement of each guide post 510 can be selected as needed, for example, it can be a triangular array or a matrix array. It is known that along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder 100, as long as the distance between the outer walls of two adjacent guide posts 510 is ensured (…), the seed orientation can be adjusted accordingly. Figure 4 If the guide post 510 is larger than the seed width but smaller than the seed length, it can guide the seeds arranged axially along the fixed cylinder 100 to rotate, causing the two ends of the seed to move closer to the rotation surface of the fixed cylinder 100. Reducing the distance between the outer walls of two adjacent guide posts 510 allows the two ends of the seed to be closer to the rotation surface of the fixed cylinder 100, resulting in a better seed posture and improved seed retrieval success rate. However, this can also easily lead to bridging problems (multiple seeds being squeezed and jammed between the guide posts 510, thus blocking the gaps between the guide posts 510). In some embodiments, the guide posts 510 are arranged in an equilateral triangle array, and the distance between the outer walls of adjacent guide posts 510 is 1.75 to 2.25 times the seed width. This makes it less likely for bridging to occur, and the seed posture is well adjusted, resulting in a high seed retrieval success rate.

[0035] In this invention, seeds not guided by the guide post 510 have a more disordered posture (the distance between the two ends of the seed and the rotation surface of the fixed cylinder 100 is farther). Compared with guided seeds, the probability that both ends of the seed are located in the gap between the wing plate 610 and the seed chamber 640 is lower. Therefore, the probability of the seed being guided into the bridge groove 630 is also lower. Seeds with adjusted posture have a closer distance between the two ends of the seed and the rotation surface of the fixed cylinder 100, and the probability that both ends are located in the gap between the wing plate 610 and the seed chamber 640 is greater. This can improve the success rate of seed retrieval. However, if too many seeds are introduced into the bridge groove 630, multiple seeds may be trapped. To address this, in some embodiments, the minimum distance between the outer wall of the end of the wing plate 610 directly opposite the seed guide plate and the outer wall of the seed chamber 640 along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder 100 is (…). Figure 4 The distance between the outer wall of the wing plate 610 (the end opposite the seed guide plate) and the outer wall of the seed chamber 640 is 1.35 to 1.7 times the seed width. Figure 4The width of the seed (l3) is 0.7 to 0.9 times that of the seed. This creates a narrow section between the wing plate 610 and the seed chamber 640. The seed must rotate a certain angle along its long axis and then pass through the narrow section in an inclined posture. When the seed scoop 600 passes through the seed group, the seeds after posture adjustment are in a flat state (the height direction coincides with the radial direction of the fixed cylinder 100), and many seeds are piled up on top. Even if the seeds upstream give it a push along the long axis, it is still difficult for it to pass through the narrow section. After passing through the seed group, as the fixed cylinder 100 rotates, the inclination of the seeds between the wing plate 610 and the seed chamber 640 continuously increases, and the seeds piled up on top continuously slide off and fall off, reducing the pressure on them. They can slide down under their own gravity and thus pass through the section smoothly and enter the bridge groove 630, thereby reducing the probability of multiple seeds entering the bridge groove 630 when passing through the seed group. Furthermore, to increase the resistance of the seeds between the wing plate 610 and the seed chamber 640 as they rotate along their long axis when the seed scoop 600 passes through the seed cluster, the height of the guide post 510 is equal to the thickness of the seeds. In this way, only the attitude adjustment is performed on the layer of seeds that are close to the guide plate, while the attitude adjustment is not performed on the remaining seeds. Their attitudes are more chaotic, which means that more seeds need to be pushed when the seeds between the wing plate 610 and the seed chamber 640 rotate along their long axis, i.e., the resistance is greater. This avoids some seeds entering the bridge groove 630 when passing through the seed cluster, thus preventing the collection of multiple seeds.

[0036] In some embodiments, the sidewalls adjacent to the wing plate 610 and the seed chamber 640 are inclined, so that the distance between them increases radially inward along the fixed cylinder 100, so that after multiple seeds form a bridge here, the bridge structure collapses and disintegrates during the flipping process, avoiding the formation of a permanent blockage structure.

[0037] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the bridge groove 630 is V-shaped, and the distance from the lowest point of the inner wall of the bridge groove 630 to the line connecting the two vertices of the V-shape is between 0.8 and 1.1 times the seed thickness, that is, less than the width of the seed. This allows multiple seeds in the bridge groove 630 to stack up with each other when the seed scoop 600 rotates to the highest point with the fixed cylinder 100, but the seeds on top will fall off due to lack of support, thus playing a role in gravity-assisted seed cleaning.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hill-seeding device adapted for single-seed sowing of long strips of seeds, characterized in that, include: A ring-shaped fixing cylinder, wherein multiple through holes are arranged in a ring array on the fixing cylinder; A front cover and a rear cover are fixedly connected to and sealed to the two open ends of the fixed cylinder, respectively, wherein the front cover is disc-shaped and the rear cover is annular; A housing that is rotatably connected to and seals the opening in the middle of the rear end cover, and the housing is provided with an inlet. A rotating shaft that is fixedly connected to the housing and rotatably connected to the front end cover; The soil-feeding and seeding mechanisms are arranged in a ring array around the annular outer wall of the fixed cylinder, and the inlet of each soil-feeding and seeding mechanism is connected to the through hole on the fixed cylinder; A seed guide plate and a seed-gathering scoop are arranged in a ring array around the inner wall of the fixed cylinder. The seed guide plate is located upstream of the seed-gathering scoop in the direction of rotation of the fixed cylinder during sowing, guiding both ends of the seeds to move in a direction tangential to the long axis of the seeds and the rotation direction of the fixed cylinder. The seed-gathering scoop includes a wing plate, a scoop, a bridging groove, and a seed chamber. The two ends of the bridging groove are connected to the seed chamber and the scoop, respectively. The side of the bridging groove closest to the wing plate is spaced a certain distance from the fixed cylinder, forming a gap for the seeds to enter the bridging groove. The length of the gap is greater than the length of one seed but less than the length of two seeds. One sidewall of the wing plate faces the outer wall of the seed chamber, and the other sidewall faces the opening of the bridging groove. The distance between the outer wall of the wing plate and the outer wall of the seed chamber gradually decreases in the direction away from the seed guide plate. A partition is provided on the side of the bridging groove away from the wing plate, and the gap between the partition and the fixed cylinder is less than the thickness and width of the seeds.

2. The hill-planting device adapted for single-seed sowing of long strips of seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder, the minimum distance between the outer wall of the end of the wing plate facing the seed guide plate and the outer wall of the seed chamber is 1.35 to 1.7 times the seed width, and the minimum distance between the outer wall of the end of the wing plate facing away from the seed guide plate and the outer wall of the seed chamber is 0.7 to 0.9 times the seed width.

3. A hill-planting device adapted for single-seed sowing of long strips of seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seed guide plate is arranged in an array of multiple guide posts extending radially along the fixed cylinder. Each guide post is arranged in an equilateral triangle array, and the distance between the outer walls of adjacent guide posts is 1.75 to 2.25 times the width of the seed.

4. A hill-planting device adapted for single-seed sowing of long strips of seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the guide post is equal to the thickness of the seed.

5. A hill-planting device adapted for single-seed sowing of long strips of seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewalls adjacent to the wing plate and the seed chamber are inclined, so that the distance between them increases radially inward along the fixed cylinder.

6. A hill-planting device adapted for single-seed sowing of long strips of seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the bridge groove is V-shaped, and the distance from the lowest point of the inner wall of the bridge groove to the line connecting the two vertices of the V-shape is between 0.8 and 1.1 times the seed thickness and is lower than the seed width.

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