Feeding feed for lambs in high and cold pasturing area and feeding method of lambs

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lamb feeding, and particularly discloses a feed for feeding lambs in an alpine pasturing area and a feeding method of the lambs. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of oat grass, 20-30 parts of alfalfa, 10-15 parts of highland barley powder, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 3-8 parts of flaxseed cakes, 1-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5-2 parts of mountain flour, 0.3-0.8 part of table salt, 0.1-0.3 part of compound vitamins, 0.1-0.3 part of a trace element premix and 1-3 parts of a digestion promoting additive, the weight ratio of the vitamin A to the vitamin D to the vitamin E to the vitamin K is 5: 2: 3: 1. According to the feed for raising the lambs in the high and cold pasturing area and the raising method thereof, nutritional ingredients such as protein, energy, vitamins and minerals are comprehensively covered, the growth requirements of the lambs in the high and cold environment are met, dyspepsia can be reduced, and the preparation method of the feed is scientific.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sheep and lamb feeding technology, specifically to a feed and feeding method for sheep and lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude pastoral areas present numerous challenges to lamb raising due to their unique natural conditions, including high altitude, cold climate, large diurnal temperature range, and short pasture growth cycle. The lambing stage is a critical period for sheep growth and development. Their digestive system is not yet fully developed, their digestive function is relatively weak, but their nutritional needs are very urgent. The high-altitude environment further exacerbates the difficulty of lamb raising.

[0003] Currently, the traditional feeding methods for sheep and lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas rely heavily on natural pasture. However, natural pasture suffers from seasonal nutritional imbalances. During the peak growing season, pasture has high nutritional value, but as winter and early spring approach, it withers, resulting in a significant drop in nutritional value. The content of crude protein, vitamins, and minerals is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the nutritional needs of lambs during their rapid growth. Simultaneously, traditional feeds are high in crude fiber, which lambs digest and absorb poorly, leading to indigestion, stunted growth, and other problems, resulting in unsatisfactory lamb survival rates and fattening outcomes.

[0004] Furthermore, the cold climate in high-altitude regions increases lambs' energy expenditure. If the energy and protein supply in their feed is insufficient, it will further affect their immunity and cold resistance, increasing their risk of disease. Existing feed additives are mostly designed for livestock and poultry in ordinary environments, lacking digestive and absorption-promoting components specifically tailored for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas, making it difficult to effectively address the problem of decreased digestive function caused by low temperatures in lambs.

[0005] In terms of feeding methods, traditional feeding methods lack scientific phased feeding plans, and the timing and amount of supplementary feeding are unreasonable, often leading to an imbalance in the nutritional supply of lambs. At the same time, problems such as uneven mixing and improper handling of raw materials during feed preparation can also affect the palatability and nutritional value of the feed, thereby restricting the growth and development of lambs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a feed for sheep and lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas and a feeding method thereof, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts oat hay, 20-30 parts alfalfa hay, 10-15 parts highland barley flour, 5-10 parts soybean meal, 3-8 parts flaxseed cake, 1-3 parts dicalcium phosphate, 0.5-2 parts limestone powder, 0.3-0.8 parts salt, 0.1-0.3 parts compound vitamins, 0.1-0.3 parts trace element premix, and 1-3 parts digestive aid additive.

[0007] Preferably, the compound vitamins contain vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and the weight ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K is 5:2:3:1; the trace element premix contains iron, zinc, manganese, and selenium, and the weight ratio of iron, zinc, manganese, and selenium is 4:3:2:1.

[0008] Preferably, the prebiotic is composed of xylooligosaccharide and galactooligosaccharide, and the weight ratio of xylooligosaccharide to galactooligosaccharide is 3:2; the natural plant extract is composed of hawthorn powder, tangerine peel powder, and atractylodes powder, and the weight ratio of hawthorn powder, tangerine peel powder, and atractylodes powder is 2:2:1; and the carrier is defatted rice bran with a fineness of 80 mesh.

[0009] Preferably, the oat grass and alfalfa grass are both sun-dried and crushed to a length of 2 cm, and the barley flour has a fineness of 80 mesh.

[0010] A method for preparing feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas includes the following steps:

[0011] Raw material pretreatment: Oat grass and alfalfa grass are crushed to a length of 1-3 cm, barley flour is sieved through an 80-100 mesh sieve, soybean meal and flaxseed cake are crushed to 80 mesh, and dicalcium phosphate and stone powder are ground to 100 mesh;

[0012] Premix: Add the premix of compound vitamins and trace elements to 1 / 3 of the weight of barley flour into a V-type mixer and mix at 150 r / min for 8 minutes to prepare the trace component premix.

[0013] Mixing the main ingredients: Put oat grass, alfalfa hay, remaining barley flour, soybean meal, and flaxseed cake into a horizontal ribbon mixer and mix at 200 r / min for 10 minutes. Add dicalcium phosphate, limestone powder, and salt and continue mixing for 10 minutes to obtain the main ingredient mixture.

[0014] Total mixing: Add the trace component premix and digestive aid to the main ingredient mixture, mix at 200 r / min for 15 minutes, and control the temperature and humidity during the mixing process to ≤40℃ and ≤35%;

[0015] Testing and Packaging: After sampling and testing for moisture content ≤12% and mixing uniformity (coefficient of variation CV≤7%), the samples are packaged in woven bags, each weighing 25kg.

[0016] Preferably, the method for preparing the digestive aid includes the following steps:

[0017] Raw material pretreatment:

[0018] Probiotic activation: freeze-dried Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into sterilized nutrient broth medium and cultured at 37°C with shaking for 20 hours. The bacterial sludge was collected by centrifugation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inoculated into malt extract medium and cultured at 30°C for 24 hours. The bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation.

[0019] Enzyme purification: The crude enzyme solutions of cellulase, protease, amylase and lipase were purified by ultrafiltration membrane separation technology, and then pulverized into 80-mesh powder after vacuum freeze-drying.

[0020] Preparation of plant extracts: Hawthorn, tangerine peel and atractylodes macrocephala were washed, dried and then ultra-finely pulverized to 100 mesh. They were mixed in proportion and extracted twice by reflux with 70% ethanol solution. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure and then spray-dried to obtain extract powder.

[0021] Mixing: Add prebiotics and carrier to a double helix conical mixer at a weight ratio of 1:1 and mix at 300r / min for 10 minutes to make a premixed base. Then add compound enzyme preparation and mix for 15 minutes, natural plant extract and mix for 10 minutes, and compound probiotic powder and mix for 20 minutes. Control the temperature ≤35℃ and humidity ≤40% during the mixing process to finally obtain a digestive aid additive.

[0022] A method for feeding lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas using the feed described in claim 6, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Lambs are fed only with their mother's milk for the first 7 days after birth, 5 times a day, with each feeding lasting 15 minutes.

[0024] Within 8-21 days after birth, in addition to breastfeeding 4 times a day, lambs should be supplemented with the above-mentioned feed. The initial supplementary feed amount is 60 grams per lamb per day, and then the amount should be increased by 10 grams per day. The supplementary feed should be mixed with 35℃ warm water at a weight ratio of 1:2 and left to stand for 10 minutes to soften.

[0025] Within 22-45 days after birth, gradually reduce the number of times the lambs are fed with their mother's milk to twice a day, while increasing the amount of feed to 200 grams per lamb per day, divided into 3 feedings.

[0026] After 46 days of age, lambs should be stopped from breastfeeding and fed only the feed described above. Each lamb should be fed 450 grams per day, divided into 3 feedings. When feeding, ensure that the feed is well mixed and fresh, provide plenty of clean drinking water, clean the feed troughs and water troughs daily, and disinfect the feeding area once a week.

[0027] It has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] This feed and feeding method for lambs raised in high-altitude pastoral areas are specifically designed based on the nutritional needs and digestive characteristics of lambs in these regions. It comprehensively covers nutrients such as protein, energy, vitamins, and minerals, meeting the growth needs of lambs in cold environments. The special digestibility-enhancing additives include compound probiotics to regulate intestinal flora, compound enzymes to break down macromolecular nutrients, prebiotics to provide energy for probiotics, and natural plant extracts to promote gastrointestinal motility. These synergistic effects significantly improve feed digestibility and reduce indigestion. The feed preparation method is scientific, involving multiple processes such as raw material pretreatment, premixing, main ingredient mixing, and final mixing to ensure uniform mixing of all components, improving palatability and nutritional value. Strict temperature and humidity control ensures stable quality. The preparation process of the digestibility-enhancing additives is rigorously controlled to maintain the activity of probiotics and enzymes, helping the additives to fully exert their effects. The feeding methods are tailored to different growth stages of lambs, rationally arranging the time and amount of breastfeeding and supplemental feeding, emphasizing a clean and hygienic feeding environment, effectively improving lamb survival rates, promoting healthy growth, and enhancing immunity and cold resistance. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the first embodiment, the present invention provides a technical solution: a feed for sheep and lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts oat hay, 20 parts alfalfa hay, 10 parts highland barley flour, 5 parts soybean meal, 3 parts flaxseed cake, 1 part dicalcium phosphate, 0.5 parts limestone powder, 0.3 parts salt, 0.1 parts compound vitamins, 0.1 parts trace element premix, and 1 part digestive aid additive. The compound vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and the weight ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K is 5:2. The trace element premix contains iron, zinc, manganese, and selenium, with a weight ratio of 4:3:2:1. The prebiotic is composed of xylooligosaccharides and galactooligosaccharides, with a weight ratio of 3:2. The natural plant extract is composed of hawthorn powder, tangerine peel powder, and atractylodes powder, with a weight ratio of 2:2:1. The carrier is defatted rice bran with a fineness of 80 mesh. The oat grass and alfalfa grass are both sun-dried and pulverized to a length of 2 cm. The barley flour has a fineness of 80 mesh.

[0031] A method for preparing feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas includes the following steps:

[0032] Raw material pretreatment: oat grass and alfalfa grass are crushed to a length of 2 cm, barley flour is sieved through a 90-mesh sieve, soybean meal and flaxseed cake are crushed to 80 mesh, and dicalcium phosphate and stone powder are ground to 100 mesh.

[0033] Preparation of digestive aid additives:

[0034] Probiotic activation: freeze-dried Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into sterilized nutrient broth medium and cultured at 37°C with shaking for 20 hours. The bacterial sludge was collected by centrifugation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inoculated into malt extract medium and cultured at 30°C for 24 hours. The bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation.

[0035] Enzyme purification: The crude enzyme solutions of cellulase, protease, amylase and lipase were purified by ultrafiltration membrane separation technology, and then pulverized into 80-mesh powder after vacuum freeze-drying.

[0036] Preparation of plant extracts: Hawthorn, tangerine peel and atractylodes macrocephala were washed, dried and then ultra-finely pulverized to 100 mesh. They were mixed in proportion and extracted twice by reflux with 70% ethanol solution. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure and then spray-dried to obtain extract powder.

[0037] Mixing: Add prebiotics and carrier to a double helix conical mixer at a weight ratio of 1:1 and mix at 300r / min for 10 minutes to make a premixed base. Then add compound enzyme preparation and mix for 15 minutes, natural plant extract and mix for 10 minutes, and compound probiotic powder and mix for 20 minutes. Control the temperature ≤35℃ and humidity ≤40% during the mixing process to finally obtain a digestive aid additive.

[0038] Premix: Add the premix of compound vitamins and trace elements to 1 / 3 of the weight of barley flour into a V-type mixer and mix at 150 r / min for 8 minutes to prepare the trace component premix.

[0039] Mixing the main ingredients: Put oat grass, alfalfa hay, remaining barley flour, soybean meal, and flaxseed cake into a horizontal ribbon mixer and mix at 200 r / min for 10 minutes. Add dicalcium phosphate, limestone powder, and salt and continue mixing for 10 minutes to obtain the main ingredient mixture.

[0040] Total mixing: Add the trace component premix and digestive aid to the main ingredient mixture, mix at 200 r / min for 15 minutes, and control the temperature and humidity during the mixing process to ≤40℃ and ≤35%;

[0041] Testing and Packaging: After sampling and testing for moisture content ≤12% and mixing uniformity (coefficient of variation CV≤7%), the samples are packaged in woven bags, each weighing 25kg.

[0042] A method for raising lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas includes the following steps:

[0043] Lambs are fed only with their mother's milk for the first 7 days after birth, 5 times a day, with each feeding lasting 15 minutes.

[0044] Within 8-21 days after birth, in addition to breastfeeding 4 times a day, lambs should be supplemented with the above-mentioned feed. The initial supplementary feed amount is 60 grams per lamb per day, and then the amount should be increased by 10 grams per day. The supplementary feed should be mixed with 35℃ warm water at a weight ratio of 1:2 and left to stand for 10 minutes to soften.

[0045] Within 22-45 days after birth, gradually reduce the number of times the lambs are fed with their mother's milk to twice a day, while increasing the amount of feed to 200 grams per lamb per day, divided into 3 feedings.

[0046] After 46 days of age, lambs should be stopped from breastfeeding and fed only the feed described above. Each lamb should be fed 450 grams per day, divided into 3 feedings. When feeding, ensure that the feed is well mixed and fresh, provide plenty of clean drinking water, clean the feed troughs and water troughs daily, and disinfect the feeding area once a week.

[0047] In a second embodiment, the present invention provides a technical solution: a feed for sheep and lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts oat hay, 25 parts alfalfa hay, 12 parts highland barley flour, 7 parts soybean meal, 5 parts flaxseed cake, 2 parts dicalcium phosphate, 1 part limestone powder, 0.5 parts salt, 0.2 parts compound vitamins, 0.2 parts trace element premix, and 2 parts digestive aid additive. The compound vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and the weight ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K is 5:2. The trace element premix contains iron, zinc, manganese, and selenium in a weight ratio of 4:3:2:1. The prebiotic is composed of xylooligosaccharides and galactooligosaccharides in a weight ratio of 3:2. The natural plant extract is composed of hawthorn powder, tangerine peel powder, and atractylodes powder in a weight ratio of 2:2:1. The carrier is defatted rice bran with a fineness of 80 mesh. The oat grass and alfalfa grass are sun-dried and pulverized to a length of 2 cm. The barley flour has a fineness of 80 mesh.

[0048] A method for preparing feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas includes the following steps:

[0049] Raw material pretreatment: oat grass and alfalfa grass are crushed to a length of 2 cm, barley flour is sieved through a 90-mesh sieve, soybean meal and flaxseed cake are crushed to 80 mesh, and dicalcium phosphate and stone powder are ground to 100 mesh.

[0050] Preparation of digestive aid additives:

[0051] Probiotic activation: freeze-dried Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into sterilized nutrient broth medium and cultured at 37°C with shaking for 20 hours. The bacterial sludge was collected by centrifugation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inoculated into malt extract medium and cultured at 30°C for 24 hours. The bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation.

[0052] Enzyme purification: The crude enzyme solutions of cellulase, protease, amylase and lipase were purified by ultrafiltration membrane separation technology, and then pulverized into 80-mesh powder after vacuum freeze-drying.

[0053] Preparation of plant extracts: Hawthorn, tangerine peel and atractylodes macrocephala were washed, dried and then ultra-finely pulverized to 100 mesh. They were mixed in proportion and extracted twice by reflux with 70% ethanol solution. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure and then spray-dried to obtain extract powder.

[0054] Mixing: Add prebiotics and carrier to a double helix conical mixer at a weight ratio of 1:1 and mix at 300r / min for 10 minutes to make a premixed base. Then add compound enzyme preparation and mix for 15 minutes, natural plant extract and mix for 10 minutes, and compound probiotic powder and mix for 20 minutes. Control the temperature ≤35℃ and humidity ≤40% during the mixing process to finally obtain a digestive aid additive.

[0055] Premix: Add the premix of compound vitamins and trace elements to 1 / 3 of the weight of barley flour into a V-type mixer and mix at 150 r / min for 8 minutes to prepare the trace component premix.

[0056] Mixing the main ingredients: Put oat grass, alfalfa hay, remaining barley flour, soybean meal, and flaxseed cake into a horizontal ribbon mixer and mix at 200 r / min for 10 minutes. Add dicalcium phosphate, limestone powder, and salt and continue mixing for 10 minutes to obtain the main ingredient mixture.

[0057] Total mixing: Add the trace component premix and digestive aid to the main ingredient mixture, mix at 200 r / min for 15 minutes, and control the temperature and humidity during the mixing process to ≤40℃ and ≤35%;

[0058] Testing and Packaging: After sampling and testing for moisture content ≤12% and mixing uniformity (coefficient of variation CV≤7%), the samples are packaged in woven bags, each weighing 25kg.

[0059] A method for raising lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas includes the following steps:

[0060] Lambs are fed only with their mother's milk for the first 7 days after birth, 5 times a day, with each feeding lasting 15 minutes.

[0061] Within 8-21 days after birth, in addition to breastfeeding 4 times a day, lambs should be supplemented with the above-mentioned feed. The initial supplementary feed amount is 60 grams per lamb per day, and then the amount should be increased by 10 grams per day. The supplementary feed should be mixed with 35℃ warm water at a weight ratio of 1:2 and left to stand for 10 minutes to soften.

[0062] Within 22-45 days after birth, gradually reduce the number of times the lambs are fed with their mother's milk to twice a day, while increasing the amount of feed to 200 grams per lamb per day, divided into 3 feedings.

[0063] After 46 days of age, lambs should be stopped from breastfeeding and fed only the feed described above. Each lamb should be fed 450 grams per day, divided into 3 feedings. When feeding, ensure that the feed is well mixed and fresh, provide plenty of clean drinking water, clean the feed troughs and water troughs daily, and disinfect the feeding area once a week.

[0064] In the third embodiment, the present invention provides a technical solution: a feed for sheep and lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts oat hay, 30 parts alfalfa hay, 15 parts highland barley flour, 10 parts soybean meal, 8 parts flaxseed cake, 3 parts dicalcium phosphate, 2 parts limestone powder, 0.8 parts salt, 0.3 parts compound vitamins, 0.3 parts trace element premix, and 3 parts digestive aid additives. The compound vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and the weight ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K is 5:2. The trace element premix contains iron, zinc, manganese, and selenium in a weight ratio of 4:3:2:1. The prebiotic is composed of xylooligosaccharides and galactooligosaccharides in a weight ratio of 3:2. The natural plant extract is composed of hawthorn powder, tangerine peel powder, and atractylodes powder in a weight ratio of 2:2:1. The carrier is defatted rice bran with a fineness of 80 mesh. The oat grass and alfalfa grass are sun-dried and pulverized to a length of 2 cm. The barley flour has a fineness of 80 mesh.

[0065] A method for preparing feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas includes the following steps:

[0066] Raw material pretreatment: oat grass and alfalfa grass are crushed to a length of 2 cm, barley flour is sieved through a 90-mesh sieve, soybean meal and flaxseed cake are crushed to 80 mesh, and dicalcium phosphate and stone powder are ground to 100 mesh.

[0067] Preparation of digestive aid additives:

[0068] Probiotic activation: freeze-dried Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into sterilized nutrient broth medium and cultured at 37°C with shaking for 20 hours. The bacterial sludge was collected by centrifugation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inoculated into malt extract medium and cultured at 30°C for 24 hours. The bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation.

[0069] Enzyme purification: The crude enzyme solutions of cellulase, protease, amylase and lipase were purified by ultrafiltration membrane separation technology, and then pulverized into 80-mesh powder after vacuum freeze-drying.

[0070] Preparation of plant extracts: Hawthorn, tangerine peel and atractylodes macrocephala were washed, dried and then ultra-finely pulverized to 100 mesh. They were mixed in proportion and extracted twice by reflux with 70% ethanol solution. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure and then spray-dried to obtain extract powder.

[0071] Mixing: Add prebiotics and carrier to a double helix conical mixer at a weight ratio of 1:1 and mix at 300r / min for 10 minutes to make a premixed base. Then add compound enzyme preparation and mix for 15 minutes, natural plant extract and mix for 10 minutes, and compound probiotic powder and mix for 20 minutes. Control the temperature ≤35℃ and humidity ≤40% during the mixing process to finally obtain a digestive aid additive.

[0072] Premix: Add the premix of compound vitamins and trace elements to 1 / 3 of the weight of barley flour into a V-type mixer and mix at 150 r / min for 8 minutes to prepare the trace component premix.

[0073] Mixing the main ingredients: Put oat grass, alfalfa hay, remaining barley flour, soybean meal, and flaxseed cake into a horizontal ribbon mixer and mix at 200 r / min for 10 minutes. Add dicalcium phosphate, limestone powder, and salt and continue mixing for 10 minutes to obtain the main ingredient mixture.

[0074] Total mixing: Add the trace component premix and digestive aid to the main ingredient mixture, mix at 200 r / min for 15 minutes, and control the temperature and humidity during the mixing process to ≤40℃ and ≤35%;

[0075] Testing and Packaging: After sampling and testing for moisture content ≤12% and mixing uniformity (coefficient of variation CV≤7%), the samples are packaged in woven bags, each weighing 25kg.

[0076] A method for raising lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas includes the following steps:

[0077] Lambs are fed only with their mother's milk for the first 7 days after birth, 5 times a day, with each feeding lasting 15 minutes.

[0078] Within 8-21 days after birth, in addition to breastfeeding 4 times a day, lambs should be supplemented with the above-mentioned feed. The initial supplementary feed amount is 60 grams per lamb per day, and then the amount should be increased by 10 grams per day. The supplementary feed should be mixed with 35℃ warm water at a weight ratio of 1:2 and left to stand for 10 minutes to soften.

[0079] Within 22-45 days after birth, gradually reduce the number of times the lambs are fed with their mother's milk to twice a day, while increasing the amount of feed to 200 grams per lamb per day, divided into 3 feedings.

[0080] After 46 days of age, lambs should be stopped from breastfeeding and fed only the feed described above. Each lamb should be fed 450 grams per day, divided into 3 feedings. When feeding, ensure that the feed is well mixed and fresh, provide plenty of clean drinking water, clean the feed troughs and water troughs daily, and disinfect the feeding area once a week.

[0081] In summary, the feed prepared according to the second embodiment results in higher overall health and survival rate of lambs during the actual implementation process. Therefore, the second embodiment is the best embodiment of this application.

[0082] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art and related fields based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A type of feed for sheep and lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 30-50 parts oat grass, 20-30 parts alfalfa, 10-15 parts barley flour, 5-10 parts soybean meal, 3-8 parts flaxseed cake, 1-3 parts dicalcium phosphate, 0.5-2 parts limestone powder, 0.3-0.8 parts salt, 0.1-0.3 parts compound vitamins, 0.1-0.3 parts trace element premix, and 1-3 parts digestive aid additives.

2. The feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound vitamins contain vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and the weight ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K is 5:2:3:

1. The trace element premix contains iron, zinc, manganese, and selenium, and the weight ratio of iron, zinc, manganese, and selenium is 4:3:2:

1.

3. The feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The prebiotic is composed of xylooligosaccharide and galactooligosaccharide, with a weight ratio of xylooligosaccharide to galactooligosaccharide of 3:

2. The natural plant extract is composed of hawthorn powder, tangerine peel powder, and atractylodes powder, with a weight ratio of hawthorn powder, tangerine peel powder, and atractylodes powder of 2:2:

1. The carrier is defatted rice bran with a fineness of 80 mesh.

4. The feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the oat grass and alfalfa grass are sun-dried and pulverized to a length of 2 cm, and the barley flour has a fineness of 80 mesh.

5. The method for preparing feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Raw material pretreatment: oat grass and alfalfa grass are crushed to a length of 2 cm, barley flour is sieved through a 90-mesh sieve, soybean meal and flaxseed cake are crushed to 80 mesh, and dicalcium phosphate and stone powder are ground to 100 mesh. Premix: Add the premix of compound vitamins and trace elements to 1 / 3 of the weight of barley flour into a V-type mixer and mix at 150 r / min for 8 minutes to prepare the trace component premix. Mixing the main ingredients: Put oat grass, alfalfa hay, remaining barley flour, soybean meal, and flaxseed cake into a horizontal ribbon mixer and mix at 200 r / min for 10 minutes. Add dicalcium phosphate, limestone powder, and salt and continue mixing for 10 minutes to obtain the main ingredient mixture. Total mixing: Add the trace component premix and digestive aid to the main ingredient mixture, mix at 200 r / min for 15 minutes, and control the temperature and humidity during the mixing process to ≤40℃ and ≤35%; Testing and Packaging: After sampling and testing for moisture content ≤12% and mixing uniformity (coefficient of variation CV≤7%), the samples are packaged in woven bags, each weighing 25kg.

6. The method for preparing feed for lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for preparing the digestive aid includes the following steps: Raw material pretreatment: Probiotic activation: freeze-dried Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into sterilized nutrient broth medium and cultured at 37°C with shaking for 20 hours. The bacterial sludge was collected by centrifugation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inoculated into malt extract medium and cultured at 30°C for 24 hours. The bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation. Enzyme purification: The crude enzyme solutions of cellulase, protease, amylase and lipase were purified by ultrafiltration membrane separation technology, and then pulverized into 80-mesh powder after vacuum freeze-drying. Preparation of plant extracts: Hawthorn, tangerine peel and atractylodes macrocephala were washed, dried and then ultra-finely pulverized to 100 mesh. They were mixed in proportion and extracted twice by reflux with 70% ethanol solution. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure and then spray-dried to obtain extract powder. Mixing: Add prebiotics and carrier to a double helix conical mixer at a weight ratio of 1:1 and mix at 300r / min for 10 minutes to make a premixed base. Then add compound enzyme preparation and mix for 15 minutes, natural plant extract and mix for 10 minutes, and compound probiotic powder and mix for 20 minutes. Control the temperature ≤35℃ and humidity ≤40% during the mixing process to finally obtain a digestive aid additive.

7. A method for feeding lambs in high-altitude pastoral areas using the feed described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Lambs are fed only with their mother's milk for the first 7 days after birth, 5 times a day, with each feeding lasting 15 minutes. Within 8-21 days after birth, in addition to breastfeeding 4 times a day, lambs should be supplemented with the above-mentioned feed. The initial supplementary feed amount is 60 grams per lamb per day, and then the amount should be increased by 10 grams per day. The supplementary feed should be mixed with 35℃ warm water at a weight ratio of 1:2 and left to stand for 10 minutes to soften. Within 22-45 days after birth, gradually reduce the number of times the lambs are fed with their mother's milk to twice a day, while increasing the amount of feed to 200 grams per lamb per day, divided into 3 feedings. After 46 days of age, lambs should be stopped from breastfeeding and fed only the feed described above. Each lamb should be fed 450 grams per day, divided into 3 feedings. When feeding, ensure that the feed is well mixed and fresh, provide plenty of clean drinking water, clean the feed troughs and water troughs daily, and disinfect the feeding area once a week.