Automatic sand cake forming device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic sand cake forming device and method, and belongs to the technical field of sand cake manufacturing. The device comprises a stirring mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a forming mechanism and a tamping mechanism, and automatic production is achieved through double-station alternate operation and numerical control layered tamping. The method comprises the steps of material mixing, mortar conveying, metering and drying, double-station alternate tamping and curing demolding. According to the scheme, manpower input is reduced through full-process automation, the production efficiency is improved through the double-station rotary workbench, the consistency of the sand cakes is guaranteed through the numerical control system, and the method is suitable for high-precision large-scale manufacturing of the composite material winding pressure container core mold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sand cake manufacturing technology, specifically to an automated sand cake forming device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Composite material wound pressure vessels, due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and designability, have been widely used in aerospace (e.g., rocket engine casings), new energy (hydrogen storage tanks), chemical (high-pressure gas cylinders), and medical fields. With the explosive growth of the hydrogen energy industry, the global hydrogen storage container market is projected to exceed US$10 billion by 2030, placing higher demands on the precision and production efficiency of wound mandrels. As the forming reference for the internal shape of the pressure vessel, the surface quality of the mandrel directly affects the uniformity of fiber arrangement and interfacial bonding strength of the composite material layers. Traditional sand mandrels, using a manual forming process, suffer from the following systemic defects: High reliance on manual labor: From mortar mixing and mold filling to layered compaction, the entire process requires the collaboration of 8-10 skilled workers. The viscosity of the mortar changes with the ambient temperature and humidity, making it difficult for manual workers to adjust the compaction force in real time. This results in sand cake density fluctuations exceeding ±15%, leading to insufficient local strength of the core mold after curing.

[0003] Risk of loss of precision control: Manual tamping is prone to producing layered air bubbles, which form stress concentration points when winding prepreg; at the same time, mold positioning relies on visual adjustment, and the diameter tolerance of the core mold in the same batch is ±1.5mm (far exceeding the industry requirement of ±0.3mm), resulting in a pressure vessel burst strength dispersion of more than 20%.

[0004] Efficiency bottleneck: The molding time for a single sand cake is long, with mold preparation and demolding accounting for 40% of the time. Existing semi-automatic equipment (such as hydraulic tamping machine + conveyor belt) lacks flexible control and cannot be adapted to multiple mold specifications, and tooling changes are time-consuming.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an automated solution that integrates accurate metering, adaptive compaction, and flexible tooling switching to fundamentally solve the problems of consistency, efficiency, and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an automated sand cake forming device and method. The automated sand cake forming device of the present invention achieves "high efficiency, high precision, and low cost" production of sand cakes through modular design (dual-station rotary table + CNC tamping mechanism) and closed-loop control (weighing unit linkage pushing system). It is particularly suitable for the large-scale manufacturing of composite material winding pressure vessel core molds, filling the technological gap in this field in China.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an automated sand cake forming device, including... The mixing mechanism has a funnel-shaped discharge port at its bottom; A conveying mechanism, connected to the discharge port of the mixing mechanism, includes: Conveying unit, used for conveying mortar; Weighing unit for automatic metering of mortar; The drying unit is used for the initial drying of the mortar surface during transportation; The feeding unit is used to feed mortar into the mold; The molding mechanism includes: Dual-station rotary worktable, with two switchable worktables; The mold is mounted on the workbench; A tamping mechanism, installed near the forming mechanism, includes at least one controllably movable tamping machine.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the conveying unit includes a first-stage conveyor belt and a second-stage conveyor belt connected in sequence. The input end of the first-stage conveyor belt is connected to the discharge port of the mixing mechanism, and the output end of the second-stage conveyor belt is connected to one end of the weighing unit. The other end of the weighing unit leads to the mold. The drying unit is located to the side of the second-stage conveyor belt and is used to perform preliminary drying on the mortar surface on the second-stage conveyor belt.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, the feeding unit includes a first slide rail, a pushing block, and a pushing drive unit. The first slide rail is located on both sides of the weighing unit and extends in the same direction as it. The pushing block is located above the weighing unit and is slidably connected to the first slide rail. The bottom surface of the pushing block is clearance-fitted with the top surface of the weighing unit. The pushing drive unit is used to push the pushing block to push the mortar on the weighing unit into the mold.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the stirring mechanism is a horizontal mixer; the weighing unit is a belt scale; and the drying unit is a hot air blower.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the dual-station rotary table further includes a second slide rail, a first slide block, a first linear drive unit, and a rotary drive unit. The first slide block is slidably connected to the second slide rail. The first linear drive unit is connected to the first slide block and is used to drive the first slide block to slide back and forth on the second slide rail. The two sets of worktables are installed alternately on the first slide block, and the rotary drive unit is installed between the worktable and the first slide block to drive the worktable to rotate relative to the first slide block.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, a cross-shaped groove is provided on the surface of the workbench, and an adjustable positioning block is slidably connected to the groove. The adjustable positioning block is used to position the mold.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the tamping mechanism further includes a base, a second slide, a second linear drive unit, a column, a third slide, a third linear drive unit, and a horizontal ram. The second slide is slidably connected to the base, the second linear drive unit is installed on the base and is used to drive the second slide to slide horizontally, the column is installed on the second slide, the third slide is slidably connected to the column, the third linear drive unit is installed on the column and is used to drive the third slide to rise and fall, and one end of the horizontal ram is installed on the third slide, and the other end is connected to the tamping machine.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, two sets of the tamping machine are installed, arranged with the front higher than the back along the rotation direction of the workbench.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides an automated sand cake forming method, using the aforementioned automated sand cake forming device, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Mix the materials needed to form the sand cake into a mortar; S2. The mortar is weighed, dried, and quantitatively fed into the mold on the workbench by a conveying mechanism; S3. Alternating dual-station operation: The first station rotates the mold while the tamping mechanism tamps the mortar in layers. Simultaneously, mold preparation is carried out at the second workstation. After compaction is complete, switch workstations; S4. Demold after the mold has cured.

[0016] As a further optimization of the present invention, the material includes an adhesive, river sand and air glass microspheres in a mass ratio of 1:(8-10):(2-4).

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention's molding device achieves full automation of the entire process from mortar preparation, metering, drying, feeding, compaction to demolding through the coordinated operation of a mixing mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a molding mechanism, and a compaction mechanism, eliminating the need for manual intervention in core processes. For example, the weighing unit in the conveying mechanism uses a belt scale to automatically measure the mortar, and the drying unit uses a hot air blower to initially dry the mortar surface, avoiding errors from manual weighing and uneven drying. The dual-station rotary worktable supports alternating operation of two worktables: while the first worktable rotates the mold and performs layered compaction, the second worktable simultaneously completes mold installation and release agent application. After compaction, the worktable is switched immediately, significantly shortening the production cycle. In practice, the production cycle for a single batch is reduced by more than 50% compared to traditional manual processes. The dual-station rotary worktable achieves rapid worktable switching through a second slide rail, a first slide block, and a rotary drive unit. Combined with the mold positioning structure of a cross-shaped slide groove and adjustable positioning blocks, the worktable switching time is controlled within 10 seconds, significantly improving equipment utilization.

[0018] In this invention, the two-stage conveyor belt of the conveying unit, in conjunction with a belt scale, controls the measurement error of mortar quality. A hot air blower positioned to the side of the second-stage conveyor belt controls fluctuations in the surface moisture content of the mortar, preventing cracking during curing due to uneven moisture distribution. The feeding unit, through the gap fit between the first slide rail and the pusher block, precisely pushes the mortar into the mold, controlling the uniformity error of the filling amount and solving the dispersion problem of manual feeding. The compaction mechanism employs two sets of compactors arranged with the front higher than the rear. The lifting, forward and backward movement, and vibration frequency of the compactors are controlled by a CNC system to achieve layered compaction of the mortar. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar layout structure of an automated sand cake forming device according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar layout structure of the dual-station rotary worktable of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side view of the dual-station rotary table of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a side view of the tamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Mixing mechanism; 2. Conveying mechanism; 21. Conveying unit; 22. Weighing unit; 23. Drying unit; 24. Feeding unit; 201. First-stage conveyor belt; 202. Second-stage conveyor belt; 203. First slide rail; 204. Pushing block; 3. Forming mechanism; 31. Dual-station rotary table; 301. Table; 302. Second slide rail; 303. First slide block; 304. Rotary drive unit; 305. Slide groove; 306. Adjustable positioning block; 4. Tamping mechanism; 41. Tamping machine; 42. Base; 43. Second slide block; 44. Second linear drive unit; 45. Column; 46. Third slide block; 47. Third linear drive unit; 48. Horizontal slide block. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific examples. However, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For better illustration of this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. For those skilled in the art, the omission of certain well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings is understandable. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, an automated sand cake forming device of this embodiment includes a stirring mechanism 1, a conveying mechanism 2, a forming mechanism 3, and a dual-station rotary table 31.

[0026] In some embodiments, the mixing mechanism 1 is a horizontal mixer with a discharge port at the bottom. After mixing, the material can be discharged through the funnel-shaped discharge port, which is equipped with a pneumatic opening and closing mechanism (not shown in the figure). The internal components of the mixing cavity are made of stainless steel, which is easy to clean and resistant to water corrosion. The pneumatic opening and closing mechanism is a well-known prior art technology, mainly composed of a cylinder, a piston, and a gate plate. The cylinder controls the opening and closing of the gate plate.

[0027] In some embodiments, the conveying mechanism 2 includes a conveying unit 21, a weighing unit 22, a drying unit 23, and a feeding unit 24, wherein: the conveying unit 21 is used to convey mortar, the weighing unit 22 is used to automatically measure the mortar, the drying unit 23 is used to perform preliminary drying on the surface of the conveyed mortar, and the feeding unit 24 is used to feed the mortar into the mold.

[0028] Specifically, the conveying unit 21 includes a first-stage conveyor belt 201 and a second-stage conveyor belt 202 connected in sequence. The input end of the first-stage conveyor belt 201 is connected to the discharge port of the mixing mechanism 1, and the output end of the second-stage conveyor belt 202 is connected to one end of the weighing unit 22. The other end of the weighing unit 22 leads to the mold. The drying unit 23 is located to the side of the second-stage conveyor belt 202 and is used to perform preliminary drying on the mortar surface on the second-stage conveyor belt 202. Preferably, the weighing unit 22 is a belt scale capable of automatic weighing and metering; the drying unit 23 is a hot air blower capable of automatic heating and blowing, which can control and accelerate the initial drying process of the mortar. Two to three sets of hot air blowers can be arranged to the side of the second-stage conveyor belt 202. The hot air blower can adjust the hot air volume and temperature according to the mortar humidity to adapt to the drying requirements of different mortar formulations.

[0029] Specifically, the feeding unit 24 includes a first slide rail 203, a pusher block 204, and a pusher drive unit. The first slide rail 203 is located on both sides of the weighing unit 22 and extends in the same direction. The pusher block 204 is located above the weighing unit 22 and is slidably connected to the first slide rail 203. The bottom surface of the pusher block 204 is clearance-fitted with the top surface of the weighing unit 22. The pusher drive unit is used to push the pusher block 204 to push the mortar on the weighing unit 22 into the mold. The pusher drive unit is a well-known prior art technology, mainly composed of a rotary motor, gears, and a rack. The rotary motor is driven by the gears, the gears mesh with the rack, and the rack is fixedly connected to the pusher block 204. The rotary motor drives the gears to rotate, thereby driving the rack to move linearly, which in turn drives the pusher block 204 to move back and forth linearly. The feeding can be automatically metered according to the diameter of the sand cake and the cross-sectional space of the inner cavity, ensuring that the filling amount of mortar in each part of the mold cavity is uniform.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the dual-station rotary table 31 includes two switchable worktables 301, a second slide rail 302, a first slide block 303, a first linear drive unit, and a rotary drive unit 304, wherein: the first slide block 303 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 302; the first linear drive unit is connected to the first slide block 303 and is used to drive the first slide block 303 to slide back and forth on the second slide rail 302; the two worktables 301 are installed at intervals on the first slide block 303, and the rotary drive unit 304 is installed between the worktables 301 and the first slide block 303 and is used to drive the worktables 301 to rotate relative to the first slide block 303.

[0031] Specifically, the worktable 301 has a cross-shaped slide groove 305 on its surface, and an adjustable positioning block 306 is slidably connected to the slide groove 305. The adjustable positioning block 306 is used to position the mold. The cross-shaped slide groove 305 and the adjustable positioning block 306 of the worktable 301 support the rapid positioning and clamping of the mold, with a positioning accuracy of ≤0.2mm. It is compatible with molds of different specifications and has strong equipment versatility.

[0032] Specifically, the first linear drive unit (not shown in the figure) has a prior art structure and can use cylinders, solenoid valves, and piston rods to switch the front and rear positions of the two sets of worktables 301. After the worktables 301 are in position, they are locked by mechanical positioning cylinders. The rotary drive unit 304 has a prior art structure and can use a rotary support, a variable frequency motor, and a reduction mechanism. The rotary support is installed in the base 42 below the worktables 301 and supports the worktables 301 upwards. The reduction mechanism consists of a worm gear reducer (reduction ratio 80:1) and a set of synchronous belt pulleys. The rotation direction, stop positioning, and rotation speed of the worktables 301 are adjustable and controllable (speed range: 5-15 rpm).

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the tamping mechanism 4 includes a base 42, a second slide 43, a second linear drive unit 44, a column 45, a third slide 46, a third linear drive unit 47, a horizontal ram 48, and a tamping machine 41. The second slide 43 is slidably connected to the base 42. The second linear drive unit 44 is mounted on the base 42 and is used to drive the second slide 43 to slide horizontally. The column 45 is mounted on the second slide 43. The third slide 46 is slidably connected to the column 45. The third linear drive unit 47 is mounted on the column 45 and is used to drive the third slide 46 to rise and fall. One end of the horizontal ram 48 is mounted on the third slide 46, and the other end is connected to the tamping machine 41.

[0034] Specifically, two tamping machines 41 are vertically mounted on the front end of the horizontal ram 48. If the high-frequency vibration of the tamping machine 41 affects the stability of the cross slide, an elastic connection device is added. The two tamping machines 41 are arranged with the front higher than the back along the rotation direction of the worktable 301, allowing for quick replacement and installation. The pneumatic tamping machines 41 are models D4 and D6. The original manual switch handle of the tamping machine 41 is eliminated, and a pneumatic solenoid valve is added to control the start and stop of the tamping machine 41. The up-and-down and back-and-forth movement of the tamping machine 41 is achieved by a servo motor controlled by a CNC system. After the worktable 301 rotates, the mortar is evenly poured into the mold by the conveying mechanism 2. The tamping machine 41 compacts the mortar layer by layer under CNC programming control. A trimming scraper, positioned vertically by a cylinder, is vertically mounted on the front end of the horizontal ram 48. This mechanism does not interfere with the tamping machine 41. After the sand cake is compacted, surface shaping and cleaning of excess sand are performed. The tamping action is controlled by a Siemens 828D CNC system. The tamping machine features a detachable installation, with a replacement time of ≤5 minutes, improving maintenance efficiency by 3 times.

[0035] Specifically, both the second linear drive unit 44 and the third linear drive unit 47 are well-known existing technologies and can adopt a transmission method of linear guide rails and ball screws. The slide lifting is equipped with a nitrogen balance system. The vertical direction is the Z-axis with a stroke of 1000mm, and the horizontal direction is the X-axis with a stroke of 900mm. The stroke of the two axes can meet the compaction range of the largest sand cake and can also avoid interfering with the hoisting of tooling molds after retraction.

[0036] The workflow is roughly as follows: After applying release agent to the sand cake fixture, one set of workbench 301 moves to the automatic tamping machine position, locks, rotates, feeds, and automatically tamps. Another set of workbench 301 installs the sand cake fixture and applies release agent. After the first set of workbench 301 completes the tamping and trimming at the mortar tamping machine position, it exits the automatic tamping machine position. The other set of workbench 301, which has already installed the fixture, quickly switches to the tamping machine position. This allows one set of workbench 301 to be tamping and processing while the other set is preparing to load and unload the fixture.

[0037] Based on a general inventive concept, in some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for forming a sand core mold for a solid rocket motor casing as follows: I. Preparatory work: 1. Material requisition: River sand, polyvinyl alcohol solution, 4 bottles of rubber release agent, air glass microspheres, 1 roll of polytetrafluoroethylene film (tape), 4 clean plastic buckets, 3 pairs of rubber gloves, 3 pairs of brushes, 2 beakers, and 2 putty knives.

[0038] 2. Applying release agent: Spray MS-604 rubber release agent or use PTFE film to cover the inner surface of the molding die to prevent the sand cake from sticking to the die.

[0039] II. Technological Process 1. Sand Mixing: Using a mortar mixer, pour the dissolved sand cake binder, river sand, and air glass microparticles into the mixer at a ratio of 1:8:2. This method reduces the amount of expensive binder used while ensuring the strength of the sand cake, thus lowering material costs compared to traditional formulas.

[0040] 2. Turn on the mortar conveying system and adjust the conveyor belt speed.

[0041] 3. Clamp the sand cake mold on the workbench, call the automatic sand cake making program, and disassemble the mold after the compaction is completed.

[0042] 4. After curing in the furnace, heat the furnace to 110℃±5℃ and hold for 30 hours. Then, cool the furnace to below 60℃ before removing the product from the furnace.

[0043] 5. Demolding: When the cured cooling temperature is ≤60℃, use the demolding bolts to open the mold and remove the core mold from the female mold. During the demolding process, careful observation is necessary. If the part is found to stick to the mold, stop operation immediately until the adhered part is carefully separated from the mold before removing the part. If incomplete curing is found at the bottom of the sand core after demolding, high-temperature post-treatment is permitted, specifically at 110℃ for 4 hours. If local defects are found in the sand core after demolding, repair with putty is permissible.

[0044] The solid rocket motor casing produced by the sand core mold meets the design requirements for external dimensions, volume, and burst strength, and has successfully passed the hydrostatic burst test, ground ignition test, and flight test.

[0045] Based on the description and accompanying drawings of this invention, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use the automated sand cake forming device and method of this invention, and can achieve the positive effects described in this invention.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, in this invention, terms such as "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe orientation or positional relationships in this invention are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated sand cake forming device, characterized in that, include: The mixing mechanism (1) has a funnel-shaped discharge port at its bottom; The conveying mechanism (2), connected to the discharge port of the stirring mechanism (1), includes: Conveying unit (21) for conveying mortar; Weighing unit (22) is used for automatic metering of mortar; Drying unit (23) is used for preliminary drying of the mortar surface during transportation; Feeding unit (24) is used to feed mortar into the mold; The forming mechanism (3) includes: The dual-station rotary table (31) has two switchable worktables (301). The mold is mounted on the workbench (301); The tamping mechanism (4), installed near the forming mechanism (3), includes at least one controllable tamping machine (41).

2. The automated sand cake forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying unit (21) includes a first-stage conveyor belt (201) and a second-stage conveyor belt (202) connected in sequence. The input end of the first-stage conveyor belt (201) is connected to the discharge port of the stirring mechanism (1), and the output end of the second-stage conveyor belt (202) is connected to one end of the weighing unit (22). The other end of the weighing unit (22) leads to the mold. The drying unit (23) is located on the side of the second-stage conveyor belt (202) and is used to perform preliminary drying on the mortar surface on the second-stage conveyor belt (202).

3. The automated sand cake forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding unit (24) includes a first slide rail (203), a pusher block (204), and a pusher drive unit. The first slide rail (203) is located on both sides of the weighing unit (22) and extends in the same direction. The pusher block (204) is located above the weighing unit (22) and is slidably connected to the first slide rail (203). The bottom surface of the pusher block (204) is in clearance fit with the top surface of the weighing unit (22). The pusher drive unit is used to push the pusher block (204) to push the mortar on the weighing unit (22) into the mold.

4. The automated sand cake forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (1) is a horizontal mixer; the weighing unit (22) is a belt scale; and the drying unit (23) is a hot air blower.

5. The automated sand cake forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-station rotary table (31) further includes a second slide rail (302), a first slide block (303), a first linear drive unit, and a rotary drive unit (304). The first slide block (303) is slidably connected to the second slide rail (302). The first linear drive unit is connected to the first slide block (303) and is used to drive the first slide block (303) to slide back and forth on the second slide rail (302). The two sets of worktables (301) are installed at intervals on the first slide block (303). The rotary drive unit (304) is installed between the worktable (301) and the first slide block (303) and is used to drive the worktable (301) to rotate relative to the first slide block (303).

6. The automated sand cake forming device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The workbench (301) has a cross-shaped groove (305) on its surface, and an adjustable positioning block (306) is slidably connected to the groove (305). The adjustable positioning block (306) is used to position the mold.

7. The automated sand cake forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tamping mechanism (4) further includes a base (42), a second slide (43), a second linear drive unit (44), a column (45), a third slide (46), a third linear drive unit (47), and a horizontal ram (48). The second slide (43) is slidably connected to the base (42). The second linear drive unit (44) is installed on the base (42) and is used to drive the second slide (43) to slide horizontally. The column (45) is installed on the second slide (43). The third slide (46) is slidably connected to the column (45). The third linear drive unit (47) is installed on the column (45) and is used to drive the third slide (46) to rise and fall. One end of the horizontal ram (48) is installed on the third slide (46), and the other end is connected to the tamping machine (41).

8. The automated sand cake forming device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two sets of the tamping machine (41) are installed, arranged with the front higher than the back along the rotation direction of the workbench (301).

9. An automated method for forming sand cakes, characterized in that, The method using the automated sand cake forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8 comprises the following steps: S1. Mix the materials needed to form the sand cake into a mortar; S2. The mortar is weighed, dried and quantitatively fed into the mold on the workbench (301) by the conveying mechanism (2); S3. Alternating operation between two workstations: The first station rotates the mold, while the tamping mechanism (4) tamps the mortar in layers. Simultaneously, mold preparation is carried out at the second workstation. After compaction is complete, switch workstations; S4. Demold after the mold has cured.

10. The automated sand cake forming method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The material comprises an adhesive, river sand, and air glass microspheres in a mass ratio of 1:(8-10):(2-4).

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