Side slope presplitting blasting device based on mixed loading explosive and installation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of blasting engineering, and discloses a side slope presplitting blasting device based on mixed loading explosives and an installation method. The side slope presplitting blasting device based on the mixed explosive is formed by fixing modules such as the reinforced explosive charging pipe, the air spacing pipe and the hard explosive charging pipe through detachable connecting structures, the detonating cord penetrates through all the explosive charging modules in the length direction and extends to the outside, rapid assembly and disassembly are supported, and the side slope presplitting blasting efficiency is improved. The pre-assembled device can be integrally or sectionally placed into the pre-splitting hole quickly, a complex charging structure can be integrally mounted in one device, time consumption of section-by-section filling, adjusting and fixing in traditional manual charging is reduced, and construction efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting engineering technology, specifically to a slope pre-splitting blasting device and installation method based on mixed explosives. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale blasting projects such as slope excavation in water conservancy engineering, pre-splitting blasting technology has become a key means to ensure construction safety and forming quality because it can precisely control the range of blasting vibration, reduce disturbance to the retained rock mass, and form a smooth and flat design profile. This technology weakens the impact of blasting stress waves on the slope rock mass by using decoupled charge structures (such as air gaps or plastic sleeve interval charges), and at the same time, combined with the bottom-reinforced charge design, effectively reduces the bottom-holding effect and ensures that the pre-splitting cracks penetrate to the design axis.

[0003] Currently, the loading of explosives into pre-splitting holes still mainly relies on traditional manual operation. Specifically, construction workers need to tie the explosives in sections to the detonating cord to form a string of explosives, and then lower it into the pre-splitting hole one hole at a time, and then plug the hole openings with materials such as straw and sand.

[0004] However, traditional manual charging methods are limited by the complexity and precision requirements of manual operation, making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency demands of large-scale blasting projects in terms of construction efficiency and quality control. Specifically: First, the cumbersome process of segmented binding and hole-by-hole lowering of explosives leads to low construction efficiency, making it difficult to match the schedule requirements of large-scale blasting projects; second, manual operation is prone to unstable charging quality due to fatigue or differences in experience, which in turn affects the consistency of pre-splitting effects; finally, the charging process requires frequent contact with high-risk blasting materials (such as detonators and explosives), resulting in high safety management costs and significant safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a slope pre-splitting blasting device and installation method based on mixed explosives, so as to solve the problem that the construction efficiency and quality control capabilities of the traditional manual charging mode are difficult to meet the needs of large-scale blasting projects.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives, which is installed inside a pre-splitting hole. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives includes a reinforced charge tube, at least one air gap tube, at least one rigid charge tube, and a detonating cord; the air gap tube and the rigid charge tube are disposed above the reinforced charge tube; one end of the detonating cord extends continuously through the air gap tube and the rigid charge tube along its length and then extends into the interior of the reinforced charge tube, while the other end is located outside the pre-splitting hole; the reinforced charge tube, the air gap tube, and the rigid charge tube are fixedly connected by a detachable connecting structure.

[0007] Beneficial effects: The device is composed of modules such as reinforced charge tubes, air gap tubes, and rigid charge tubes, which are fixed by a detachable connection structure. A detonating cord runs through all charge modules along the length and extends to the outside, supporting rapid assembly and disassembly. This allows the pre-assembled device to be quickly placed into the pre-splitting hole as a whole or in sections. It can integrate complex charge structures into a single device, reducing the time spent on segmented filling, adjustment, and fixing in traditional manual charging, and significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the detachable connection structure is a threaded connection structure; in the reinforced charge tube, at least one of the air gap tubes and at least one of the rigid charge tubes, the connection end of any two adjacent components is provided with an internal threaded mounting hole, and the connection end of the other component is provided with an external threaded mounting protrusion that mates with the internal threaded mounting hole.

[0009] Beneficial effects: By using standardized internal thread mounting holes and external thread mounting protrusions to fit together, the installation of the charge tube, air gap tube, and rigid charge tube is strengthened. During installation, construction personnel only need to tighten the prefabricated modules in sequence to complete the assembly. No complicated installation tools or additional fasteners are required, which saves the tedious segment-by-segment fixing in traditional manual charge loading and improves installation efficiency.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the reinforced charge tube and the rigid charge tube are provided with charge holes, the charge holes are fitted with sealing covers, and the interiors of the reinforced charge tube and the rigid charge tube are filled with mixed explosives.

[0011] Beneficial effects: By setting up a charging hole, a filling entrance is provided for the explosive filling, and by setting up a sealing cover, construction personnel are allowed to quickly open the charging hole to complete the filling, and then immediately seal it to prevent the explosive from being exposed to the external environment.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives further includes multiple centering limiters, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the pre-splitting hole. Each centering limiter is provided with a guide hole in the center, which is used to guide the directional movement of the reinforcing charge tube, the air gap tube, and the rigid charge tube.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Multiple centering limiters are arranged at intervals along the axial direction, which can fix the position of each module in sections and force each module to maintain axial alignment within the pre-splitting hole. This avoids the module displacement problem caused by hole wall friction or operational errors in traditional manual charging, ensuring uniform distribution of charge density and blasting energy. At the same time, it allows the reinforced charge tube, air gap tube, and rigid charge tube to automatically center when inserted into the pre-splitting hole, eliminating the need for manual adjustment by construction personnel and reducing operational complexity.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the centering limiter, the reinforced charge tube, the air gap tube, and the rigid charge tube are all separately configured and are composed of at least two mounting bodies spliced ​​together.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By designing the centering limiter, reinforced charge tube, air gap tube, and rigid charge tube as separate units, the original long and bulky integral component can be disassembled into multiple smaller and more regular-shaped installation bodies. During transportation, these units can be tightly stacked and arranged, greatly improving the utilization rate of the loading space of the transport vehicle and avoiding the space waste caused by transporting long integral pipes. At the same time, it facilitates reasonable packaging and fixing, reducing the risk of component damage due to vibration and collision during transportation.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, the joint is provided with an axially extending energy-concentrating groove.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By providing an axially extending energy-concentrating groove at the splicing point of the installation body, when the explosive is detonated in the charging tube after splicing, the explosive energy will preferentially gather and focus along the preset energy-concentrating direction (usually the direction of the line connecting adjacent pre-splitting holes), forming a high-speed, high-energy jet or stress wave, which strengthens the breaking force in the direction of the line connecting the holes, promotes the rock to crack preferentially along the predetermined path, effectively reduces over-excavation and under-excavation, significantly improves the flatness and integrity of the pre-splitting surface, and reduces damage to the retained rock mass.

[0018] In one alternative embodiment, the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives further includes a plugging component installed on top of the pre-splitting hole to separate the pre-splitting hole from the outside.

[0019] Beneficial effects: By installing a plugging device at the top of the pre-splitting hole, the interior of the pre-splitting hole is isolated from the outside, forming a sealed charging space. This prevents the blasting energy from dispersing due to air circulation or external interference. The sealed environment allows the high-pressure gas and shock wave generated by the explosive explosion to act more concentratedly on the pre-splitting hole wall, thereby enhancing the pre-splitting effect. At the same time, it isolates rainwater, mud, gravel, and other foreign objects, avoiding misfires or partial explosions caused by foreign objects blocking or damaging the detonation network (such as detonators and detonating cords). This improves the reliability and success rate of blasting operations and reduces the cost and safety risks of handling duds.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives is provided with a top blocking section, at least one air gap section, at least one rigid charge section and a bottom reinforcing section along the axial direction of the pre-splitting hole; wherein, the rigid charge section is composed of at least one of the rigid charge tubes, and the air gap section is composed of at least one of the air gap tubes.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By flexibly selecting different numbers of air gaps and hard charge sections, the charge density and energy distribution can be adjusted according to conditions such as rock hardness and fracture development, i.e., dynamically matching construction needs. For example, increasing the number of hard charge tubes in hard rock areas can enhance the fracturing effect, while increasing the proportion of air gaps in soft rock or fractured zones can reduce excessive damage.

[0022] In one optional embodiment, both the air gap tube and the rigid charge tube are provided with a central hole extending through their top and bottom; the reinforcing charge tube is provided with a central groove opened at its top and extending toward its bottom, the central groove being coaxial with the central hole; the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives also includes an initiator, which is installed at the bottom of the central groove; one end of the detonating cord is connected to the initiator along its length, and the other end is led out from the central groove, sequentially passing through the central hole of the rigid charge tube and the central hole of the air gap tube, and extending to the outside of the pre-splitting hole.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By using a detonating cord that extends continuously along the central groove and central hole to the outside of the pre-splitting hole, a straight path is formed from the detonator to the pre-splitting hole opening, which enables the detonation signal (such as electric detonation or mechanical impact) to be efficiently transmitted to the deep charge module, supporting long-distance remote detonation.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention also provides an installation method for a slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives, applicable to the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives mentioned above. The installation method includes: assembling a reinforcing charge tube; threading a detonating cord; assembling an air gap tube and a rigid charge tube, and connecting and fixing them axially; charging explosives; installing a centering limiter inside the pre-splitting hole; directionally inserting the reinforcing charge tube, air gap tube, and rigid charge tube into the pre-splitting hole along the guiding direction of the centering limiter, and then sealing the pre-splitting hole with a plugging component.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Since the installation method of the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives is applied to the aforementioned slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives, it has the same effect as the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives, and will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a simplified front view of a slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a simplified front view of the reinforced charge tube in the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A three-dimensional perspective diagram of the air gap tube in the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A simplified top view of the air gap tube in the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A three-dimensional perspective diagram of the rigid charge tube in the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 A simplified top view of the rigid charge tube in the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A simplified top view of the shaped charge structure of the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Reinforced charge tube; 2. Air gap tube; 3. Rigid charge tube; 4. Detonating cord; 5. Internal threaded mounting hole; 6. External threaded mounting protrusion; 7. Charge hole; 8. Centering limiter; 9. Shaped charge slot; 10. Blocking element; 11. Initiator; 12. Mixed explosive; 13. Mounting body; 14. Mounting hole; 15. First connection part; 16. Second connection part; 17. Shaped charge structure;

[0036] A. Pre-cracked holes. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The following is combined Figures 1 to 7 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] According to embodiments of the present invention, in one aspect, such as Figure 1As shown, the provided slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives is installed in pre-splitting hole A. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives includes a reinforced charge tube 1, at least one air gap tube 2, at least one rigid charge tube 3, and a detonating cord 4.

[0040] The air gap tube 2 and the rigid charge tube 3 are positioned above the reinforced charge tube 1; the detonating cord 4 extends into the interior of the reinforced charge tube 1 after passing through one end of the air gap tube 2 and the rigid charge tube 3 along its length, and the other end is located outside the pre-splitting hole A; the reinforced charge tube 1, the air gap tube 2 and the rigid charge tube 3 are fixedly connected by a detachable connection structure.

[0041] With this configuration, the device is composed of modules such as reinforced charge tube 1, air gap tube 2, and rigid charge tube 3, which are fixed by a detachable connection structure. A detonating cord 4 runs through all charge modules along the length and extends to the outside, supporting rapid assembly and disassembly. This allows the pre-assembled device to be quickly placed into the pre-splitting hole A as a whole or in sections. It can integrate complex charge structures into a single device, reducing the time consumed by segmented filling, adjustment, and fixing in traditional manual charge loading, and significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0042] It can be noted that the detachable connection methods include threaded connection, plug-in snap-fit, flange connection, and socket locking.

[0043] In one embodiment, the detachable connection structure is a threaded connection structure; in the reinforced charge tube 1, at least one air gap tube 2 and at least one rigid charge tube 3, the connection end of any two adjacent components is provided with an internal threaded mounting hole 5, and the connection end of the other component is provided with an external threaded mounting protrusion 6 that mates with the internal threaded mounting hole 5.

[0044] With this setup, the standardized internal thread mounting hole 5 and the external thread mounting protrusion 6 are matched to strengthen the connection between the charge tube 1, air gap tube 2 and rigid charge tube 3. During installation, the construction personnel only need to tighten the prefabricated modules in sequence to complete the assembly. There is no need for complicated installation tools or additional fasteners, which saves the tedious segment-by-segment fixing in traditional manual charge loading and improves installation efficiency.

[0045] In one embodiment, the reinforced charge tube 1 and the rigid charge tube 3 are provided with charge holes 7, and the charge holes 7 are fitted with sealing covers.

[0046] This design provides a filling inlet for the explosives by setting up the charging hole 7, and the sealing cover allows construction personnel to quickly open the charging hole 7 to complete the loading, and then immediately seal it to prevent the explosives from being exposed to the external environment.

[0047] It can be explained that the sealing cover and the charging hole are sealed by mechanical seals (such as threaded locking, elastic gaskets) or chemical seals (such as applying sealant) to prevent leakage of explosives due to vibration, pressure changes or environmental interference before transportation or detonation.

[0048] Preferably, the sealing cover can be secured by screwing or snapping, without the need for additional tools or long waiting times (such as when glue cures). This instant sealing capability reduces the risk of explosives becoming damp, contaminated, or prematurely detonated.

[0049] In one embodiment, the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives further includes a plurality of centering limiters 8, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pre-splitting hole A. Each centering limiter 8 is provided with a guide hole in the center, which is used to guide the directional movement of the reinforced charge tube 1, the air gap tube 2, and the rigid charge tube 3.

[0050] With this configuration, multiple centering limiters 8 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction, which can fix the position of each module in sections, forcing each module to maintain axial alignment within the pre-splitting hole A. This avoids the module displacement problem caused by hole wall friction or operational errors in traditional manual charging, ensuring a uniform distribution of charge density and blasting energy. At the same time, it allows the reinforced charge tube 1, air gap tube 2, and rigid charge tube 3 to automatically center when inserted into the pre-splitting hole A, eliminating the need for manual adjustment by construction personnel and reducing operational complexity.

[0051] In one embodiment, the centering limiter 8, the reinforced charge tube 1, the air gap tube 2, and the rigid charge tube 3 are all separate components, consisting of at least two mounting bodies 13 joined together.

[0052] This design, by setting the centering limiter 8, the reinforced charge tube 1, the air gap tube 2, and the rigid charge tube 3 as separate units, allows the originally long and bulky integral component to be disassembled into multiple smaller and more regular-shaped installation bodies 13. During transportation, these units can be tightly stacked and arranged, greatly improving the utilization rate of the loading space of the transport vehicle and avoiding the waste of space caused by transporting the integral long tube. At the same time, it facilitates reasonable packaging and fixing, reducing the risk of component damage due to vibration and collision during transportation.

[0053] Among them, at least two mounting bodies 13 are spliced ​​together to form a complete circular structure.

[0054] Preferably, the centering limiter 8, the reinforced charge tube 1, the air gap tube 2, and the rigid charge tube 3 are all formed by splicing two mounting bodies 13.

[0055] It can be noted that the material of the mounting body 13 is PVC.

[0056] It can be explained that the outer diameter of the assembled reinforced charge tube 1, air gap tube 2, and rigid charge tube 3 is consistent with the inner diameter of the guide hole of the centering limiter 8, and the outer wall of the centering limiter 8 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the pre-splitting hole A, which facilitates installation.

[0057] In one embodiment, the mounting body 13 of the reinforced charge tube 1 is provided with an axially extending energy-concentrating groove 9 at the splice.

[0058] With this configuration, an axially extending energy-concentrating groove 9 is provided at the splicing point of the mounting body 13 of the reinforced charge tube 1. When the explosive is detonated in the spliced ​​charge tube, the explosive energy will preferentially gather and focus along the preset energy-concentrating direction (usually the direction of the line connecting adjacent pre-splitting holes A), forming a high-speed, high-energy jet or stress wave. This strengthens the breaking force in the direction of the line connecting the holes, promotes the preferential cracking of the rock along the predetermined path, effectively reduces over-excavation and under-excavation, significantly improves the flatness and integrity of the pre-splitting surface, and reduces damage to the retained rock mass.

[0059] In one embodiment, the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives further includes a plugging member 10, which is installed on top of the pre-splitting hole A to separate the pre-splitting hole A from the outside.

[0060] This configuration, by installing a plugging component 10 at the top of pre-splitting hole A, isolates the interior of pre-splitting hole A from the outside, forming a sealed charging space. This prevents the blasting energy from dispersing due to air circulation or external interference. The sealed environment allows the high-pressure gas and shock wave generated by the explosive explosion to act more concentratedly on the wall of pre-splitting hole A, thereby enhancing the pre-splitting effect. At the same time, it isolates rainwater, mud, gravel, and other foreign objects, preventing misfires or partial explosions caused by foreign objects blocking or damaging the detonation network (such as detonators and detonating cord 4). This improves the reliability and success rate of blasting operations and reduces the cost and safety risks of handling duds.

[0061] In one embodiment, the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives is provided with a top blocking section, at least one air gap section, at least one rigid charge section and a bottom reinforcing section along the axial direction of the pre-splitting hole A; wherein, the rigid charge section is composed of at least one rigid charge tube 3 and the air gap section is composed of at least one air gap tube 2.

[0062] This configuration allows for flexible selection of different numbers of air gaps and hard charge sections, enabling adjustments to charge density and energy distribution based on factors such as rock hardness and fracture development—essentially, dynamically matching construction needs. For instance, increasing the number of hard charge tubes in hard rock areas enhances the fracturing effect, while increasing the proportion of air gaps in soft rock or fractured zones reduces excessive damage.

[0063] In one embodiment, both the air gap tube 2 and the rigid charge tube 3 are provided with a central hole that runs through their top and bottom; the reinforced charge tube 1 is provided with a central groove that is opened at its top and extends toward its bottom, and the central groove is coaxial with the central hole; the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives also includes an initiator 11, which is installed at the bottom of the central groove; one end of the detonating cord 4 is connected to the initiator 11 along its length, and the other end is led out from the central groove, passing through the central hole of the rigid charge tube 3 and the central hole of the air gap tube 2 in sequence, and extending to the outside of the pre-splitting hole A.

[0064] This configuration, by using the detonating cord 4 to extend continuously along the central groove and central hole to the outside of the pre-splitting hole A, forms a straight path from the detonator 11 to the opening of the pre-splitting hole A, enabling the detonation signal (such as electric detonation or mechanical impact) to be efficiently transmitted to the deep charge module, supporting long-distance remote detonation.

[0065] It can be explained that, for example Figure 7 As shown, both the reinforced charge tube and the rigid charge tube are of a split design.

[0066] For example, both reinforced charge tubes and rigid charge tubes include a first mounting body and a second mounting body, which are fixed together by a first connecting part 15 and a second connecting part 16.

[0067] In the first connecting part 15 and the second connecting part 16, one of them has a snap-fit ​​protrusion and the other has a snap-fit ​​groove, and the snap-fit ​​protrusion is limited and installed in the snap-fit ​​groove.

[0068] It can be explained that the energy-concentrating structure 17 is an energy-concentrating cavity, which is formed by the enclosing and splicing of several plates.

[0069] It can be noted that the explosive used is a mixed explosive 12, which is composed of powdered ammonium nitrate, light diesel oil, wood powder and other components.

[0070] This setup, where the mixed explosive 12 is produced in the factory using only the latex matrix, allows for the separate transportation and storage of the sensitizer and latex matrix before filling the explosive tubes. Only after filling the boreholes does the chemical reaction occur, sensitizing the explosive and replacing traditional emulsion explosives. This eliminates the need to produce finished explosives in the factory, preventing accidental explosions during transport and reducing safety risks associated with explosive transportation. Furthermore, it allows for real-time on-site adjustments to the formula based on factors such as rock hardness and joint development, altering the explosive's power and detonation velocity for customized blasting, achieving optimal fragmentation and vibration control.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, the installation method of the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives provided by the present invention is applied to the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives in the former aspect. The installation method includes: assembling the reinforcing charge tube 1; threading the detonating cord 4 through the cord; assembling the air gap tube 2 and the rigid charge tube 3, and connecting and fixing them along the axial direction; charging explosives; installing a centering limiter 8 inside the pre-splitting hole A; directionally inserting the reinforcing charge tube 1, the air gap tube 2, and the rigid charge tube 3 into the pre-splitting hole A along the direction of the guide hole along the centering limiter 8; and then sealing the pre-splitting hole A with a plugging member 10.

[0072] This setup is because the installation method of the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives is applied to the aforementioned slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives, and has the same effect as the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives, so it will not be elaborated further here.

[0073] It can be noted that the axial direction is the depth direction of the pre-cracked hole.

[0074] It can be explained that the assembly of the reinforced drug tube 1 involves splicing and installing two semi-circular reinforced drug tubes 1 into a mounting body 13.

[0075] It can be explained that the detonating cord 4 is threaded through: one end of the detonating cord 4 along its length is passed through the central groove of the reinforcing charge tube 1 and inserted into the bottom of the central groove to be fixedly installed at the bottom of the reinforcing charge tube 1, and the other end extends upward to install the air gap tube 2 and the rigid charge tube 3.

[0076] It can be noted that in this embodiment, the top of the reinforced charge tube 1 is connected to the air gap tube 2, and the air gap tube 2 and the rigid charge tube 3 are arranged alternately, that is, a rigid charge tube 3 is provided between two adjacent air gap tubes 2, and an air gap tube 2 is provided between two adjacent rigid charge tubes 3.

[0077] It can be explained that the assembly of the air gap tube 2 involves splicing and installing the two semi-circular mounting bodies 13 of the air gap tube 2, inserting the other end of the detonating cord 4 through the mounting hole 14 of the air gap tube 2, and then threading the assembled air gap tube 2 to the reinforced charge tube 1.

[0078] Specifically, the rigid charge tube 3 is assembled by splicing and installing the mounting bodies 13 of the two semi-circular rigid charge tubes 3 together, inserting the other end of the detonating cord 4 through the mounting hole 14 of the rigid charge tube 3, and then threading the assembled rigid charge tube 3 to the air gap tube 2.

[0079] Further, repeat steps 2 (assembling air gap tubes) and 3 (assembling rigid propellant tubes) until all air gap tubes 2 and rigid propellant tubes 3 are assembled.

[0080] It should be noted that when there are two or more air gap tubes 2, one of the air gap tubes 2 is threadedly connected to the reinforced charge tube 1, and the remaining air gap tubes 2 are threadedly connected to the rigid charge tube 3.

[0081] Furthermore, at this point, the number of rigid charge tubes 3 is equal to the number of air gap tubes 2, or one less than the number of air gap tubes 2.

[0082] Of course, in another embodiment, the top of the reinforced charge tube 1 is connected to the rigid charge tube 3. In this case, when there are two or more rigid charge tubes 3, one of the rigid charge tubes 3 is threadedly connected to the reinforced charge tube 1, and the remaining rigid charge tubes 3 are threadedly connected to the air gap tube 2.

[0083] Furthermore, at this time, the number of air gap tubes 2 is equal to the number of rigid charge tubes 3, or one less than the number of rigid charge tubes 3.

[0084] In addition, in other alternative embodiments, two or more rigid charge tubes 3 are provided between two adjacent air gap tubes 2, or two or more air gap tubes 2 are provided between two adjacent rigid charge tubes 3.

[0085] It can be noted that the loading process includes the loading process of the rigid loading tube 3.

[0086] The process involves inserting the outlet end of the charging hose of the mixed explosives vehicle into the charging hole 7 of the rigid charging tube 3, raising the outlet height of the charging hose while charging, and sealing the rigid charging tube 3 with a sealing cover after charging is complete. This process is repeated until all rigid charging tubes 3 are fully charged.

[0087] It should be noted that the loading process also includes the loading process of the reinforcing loading tube 1.

[0088] In this process, the outlet end of the charging hose of the mixed explosives vehicle is inserted into the charging hole 7 of the reinforced charging tube 1. While charging, the outlet height of the charging hose is raised. After the charging is completed, the reinforcing charging tube 1 is sealed with a sealing cover.

[0089] It can be explained that a centering limiter 8 is installed inside the pre-cracked hole A: the centering limiter 8 is placed on the outside of the charge structure at a specified interval.

[0090] The charging structure consists of a reinforced charging tube 1, an air gap tube 2, and a rigid charging tube 3 connected together, and the reinforced charging tube 1 and the rigid charging tube 3 together after charging.

[0091] It can be explained that the above process is repeated until all pre-cracked holes A are filled with explosives.

[0092] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives, installed inside a pre-splitting hole (A), characterized in that, Slope pre-splitting blasting devices based on mixed explosives include: Strengthen the propellant loading tube (1); At least one air gap tube (2); At least one rigid charge tube (3); The air gap tube (2) and the rigid charge tube (3) are disposed above the reinforced charge tube (1); The detonating cord (4) extends into the interior of the reinforced charge tube (1) after passing through one end of the air gap tube (2) and the rigid charge tube (3) along its length, while the other end is located outside the pre-splitting hole (A). The reinforced charge tube (1), the air gap tube (2), and the rigid charge tube (3) are fixedly connected to each other by a detachable connection structure.

2. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable connection structure is a threaded connection structure; In the reinforced charge tube (1), at least one of the air gap tubes (2) and at least one of the rigid charge tubes (3), the connecting end of any two adjacent components is provided with an internal thread mounting hole (5), and the connecting end of the other component is provided with an external thread mounting protrusion (6) that mates with the internal thread mounting hole (5).

3. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforced charging tube (1) and the rigid charging tube (3) are provided with charging holes (7), and the charging holes (7) are fitted with sealing covers; The reinforced charge tube (1) and the rigid charge tube (3) are filled with mixed explosives (12).

4. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Slope pre-splitting blasting devices based on mixed explosives also include: Multiple centering limiters (8) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pre-cracked hole (A). Each centering limiter (8) is provided with a guide hole in the center. The guide hole is used to guide the directional movement of the reinforced charge tube (1), the air gap tube (2), and the rigid charge tube (3).

5. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives according to claim 4, characterized in that, The centering limiter (8), the reinforced charge tube (1), the air gap tube (2), and the rigid charge tube (3) are all separate units, consisting of at least two mounting bodies (13) joined together.

6. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting body (13) of the reinforced charge tube (1) is provided with an axially extending energy-concentrating groove (9) at the splice.

7. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Slope pre-splitting blasting devices based on mixed explosives also include: A plug (10) is installed on top of the pre-cracked hole (A) to separate the pre-cracked hole (A) from the outside.

8. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives is provided with a top blocking section, at least one air gap section, at least one hard charge section and a bottom reinforcing section along the axial direction of the pre-splitting hole (A); The rigid charge section is composed of at least one rigid charge tube (3), and the air gap section is composed of at least one air gap tube (2).

9. The slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Both the air gap tube (2) and the rigid charge tube (3) are provided with a central hole that runs through their top and bottom; The reinforced charge tube (1) is provided with a central groove that is opened at its top and extends toward its bottom, and the central groove is coaxial with the central hole; Slope pre-splitting blasting devices based on mixed explosives also include: The detonator (11) is installed at the bottom of the central slot; The detonating cord (4) is connected at one end to the detonator (11) along its length, and the other end is led out from the central groove, passing through the central hole of the rigid charge tube (3) and the central hole of the air gap tube (2) in sequence, and extending to the outside of the pre-splitting hole (A).

10. An installation method for a slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives, applied to the slope pre-splitting blasting device based on mixed explosives as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The installation method includes the following steps: Assemble reinforced explosive tubes (1); Detonating cord (4) threaded through; Assemble the air gap tube (2) and the rigid charge tube (3), and connect and fix them along the axial direction; Loading explosives; A centering limiter (8) is installed inside the pre-cracked hole (A); The reinforced charge tube (1), air gap tube (2), and rigid charge tube (3) are oriented into the pre-crack hole (A) along the guiding direction of the centering limiter (8), and then the pre-crack hole (A) is sealed with a plug (10).

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