Intelligent hydroponic leek disease plant protection method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent hydroponic leek disease plant protection method and device, and the method comprises the following steps: the maximum temperature of a greenhouse in the daytime is higher than 35 DEG C and lasts for more than 6 hours, high-pressure mist spraying of bacillus subtilis is performed once every week for conventional prevention, and high-pressure mist spraying of beewax water is performed once every week for physical plant protection; when the maximum temperature of the greenhouse in the daytime is not higher than 35 DEG C and the relative humidity is greater than 80%, performing preventive plant protection measures by adopting electrolyzed water covering mist; if the weather is maintained for a long time, the operation is continued, and chitin fog covering is carried out once every 10 days; according to occurrence characteristics of different diseases, especially gray mold and root rot of Chinese chives, graded and classified prevention and control strategies are formulated, a method combining biology, physics and chemistry is adopted, the prevention and control effect and environmental protection are considered, the usage amount of chemical agents is reduced, environmental pollution is reduced, and by combining environmental inducements of disease occurrence, the prevention and control effect is improved. Early warning and precise prevention and control of diseases are realized, and the occurrence probability of the diseases is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vegetable disease control technology, and in particular to an intelligent method and device for plant protection of diseases in hydroponically grown leeks. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of intelligent hydroponic chive cultivation, the main diseases affecting chives include: gray mold (caused by *Botrytis squamosa* Walker), blight (caused by *Phytophthora nicotianae* Breda de Hann), soft rot (caused by *Berwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora(Jones) Bergeyet al.(Erwiniaaroideae(Towns.) Holland)), white mold, and soft rot (caused by *Sclerotium rolfsii* Sacc.), and root rot (most prone to outbreaks during the rainy season in southern China, caused by *Fusarium oxysporum*, *Fusarium proliferatum*, and *Fusarium solani*). Among the various diseases affecting chives, gray mold is the most common. Also known as white spot disease or leaf blight, it is caused by *Botrytis cinerea*, a fungus that primarily damages the leaves. It is a major disease affecting chives grown in greenhouses, mainly spread through the air in the form of spores. Once infected, it often leads to leaf death, wet rot, and mold, resulting in yield losses of over 30% in severe cases. Chive root rot often occurs during the plum rain season in southern China. The general process involves the rapid increase in *Fusarium solani* in the nutrient solution due to changes in temperature and humidity during the plum rain season. This causes partial death and rotting of the chive roots. The rapid decrease in dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution leads to the proliferation of anaerobic bacteria. The proliferation of facultative anaerobic bacteria produces harmful metabolites that reduce sulfates in the nutrient solution to hydrogen sulfide, resulting in a rotten egg smell, poisoning the roots, inhibiting cellular respiration, and causing root tip blackening and necrosis. Methanogenic bacteria, under strictly anaerobic conditions, decompose organic matter to produce methane, which may form bubbles that adhere to the roots, hindering water absorption and consuming organic carbon sources. Clostridium ferments organic matter to produce butyric acid, acetic acid, and other organic acids, lowering the pH of the nutrient solution and causing root acidosis; some species also produce toxins that inhibit plant growth. Enterobacteriaceae proliferate under low-oxygen conditions, decomposing organic matter to produce ammonia and nitrite, leading to root burn. Consequently, the nutrient solution turns black, develops oily floating stains, has dissolved oxygen levels as low as 0 ppm, and emits a rotten egg smell; the leek roots show symptoms such as blackening and rotting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide an intelligent method and device for plant protection against diseases in hydroponically grown leeks, aiming to solve existing technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides an intelligent method for disease and plant protection of hydroponically grown chives, comprising the following steps: If the daytime maximum temperature in the greenhouse exceeds 35℃ and lasts for more than 6 hours, spray Bacillus subtilis with a high-pressure hood once a week for routine prevention, and spray beeswax water with a high-pressure hood once a week for physical plant protection. When the daytime maximum temperature in the greenhouse does not exceed 35℃ and the relative humidity is greater than 80%, preventive plant protection measures such as electrolyzed water misting should be taken. If the above weather conditions persist for an extended period, continue the above procedures and apply chitosan fogging once every 10 days.

[0005] Furthermore, the preparation step of the inoculant is to dilute Bacillus subtilis with the leek hydroponic nutrient solution at a ratio of 1:200.

[0006] Furthermore, the chitin preparation step involves diluting the chitin at a ratio of 7.5-10g: 750-1000 times with liquid.

[0007] Furthermore, the electrolyzed water preparation steps include mixing the electrolyzed water mother liquor and tap water using a 5L measuring cup at a ratio of 1:4 or 1:5 as required by the mother liquor, and then adding the mixture to the electrolyzed water preparation equipment for preparation.

[0008] Furthermore, the water electrolysis mist-covering step includes, When the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently between 15-25℃, perform electrolytic water misting treatment every 8 hours; when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently between 10-15℃, or when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently between 25-30℃, perform electrolytic water misting treatment every 12 hours; when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently below 10℃, perform electrolytic water misting treatment every 48 hours.

[0009] A smart hydroponic leek disease control device, applied to the aforementioned smart hydroponic leek disease control method, includes, A first slide rail is arranged horizontally and a first slider is provided on it. A second slide rail is arranged vertically on the first slider. A second slider is provided on the second slide rail and a box is fixed on the second slider. A guide rod is fitted with a follower block, the follower block is slidably engaged with the housing in the vertical direction, and the guide rod is rotatably engaged with the follower block; The leaf blowing mechanism, leaf picking mechanism, and spraying mechanism are all mounted on the guide rod and are used for spraying operations.

[0010] Furthermore, the first slide rail includes a first rail and a second rail arranged in parallel, and the box body disposed on the first rail and the second rail moves alternately; Both the first and second rails are composed of multiple straight rails and multiple curved rails, which are connected alternately in sequence. The curved rails are arranged in a direction away from the two straight rails and have curved guide grooves.

[0011] Furthermore, the follower block is provided with a connecting arm, and the end of the connecting arm is provided with a gripper; When the box body located on the first rail moves to the arc rail, the box body located on the second rail is stationary and the connecting arm connected to the follower block drives the gripper to clamp the box body on the first rail.

[0012] Furthermore, the leaf-dispensing mechanism includes a crossbar fixed to the end of the guide rod, the crossbar being provided with a pawl, and the pawl having evenly distributed slots.

[0013] Furthermore, the blowing mechanism includes an inner air hole at the end of the guide rod and an outer air hole on the crossbar. The inner air hole is evenly distributed in a circumferential shape, and the outer air hole is evenly distributed in a straight line. The spraying mechanism includes an inner nozzle located inside the inner air hole and an outer nozzle located on the crossbar. When the guide rod moves vertically along the second slide rail, the inner air hole and the inner nozzle are in the open state. When the guide rod moves vertically to the end and changes to rotational motion, the outer air hole and the outer nozzle are in the open state.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: This invention develops graded and classified control strategies for different diseases, especially gray mold and root rot in chives, and adopts a combination of biological (Bacillus subtilis), physical (beeswax), and chemical (electrolyzed water) methods to balance control effectiveness and environmental friendliness, reduce the amount of chemical agents used, reduce environmental pollution, and combine environmental factors that induce disease occurrence to achieve early warning and precise control of diseases, thereby reducing the probability of disease occurrence.

[0015] This invention achieves all-round misting of chives through the cooperation of a leaf blowing mechanism, a leaf plucking mechanism, and a spraying mechanism, avoiding the problem of lower leaves not being able to effectively contact the pesticide mist due to mutual obstruction between leaves.

[0016] This invention uses a first and a second track arranged in parallel to allow two sets of spraying mechanisms to advance alternately, reducing the waiting time for the spraying mechanisms and greatly improving the efficiency of the operation.

[0017] This invention uses airflow to blow the blades and a claw to move the blades. At the same time, the guide rod moves vertically to approach the blades and then drives the crossbar to rotate, so that the spray spreads from the center of the blades to the outside, reducing the spray dead zone and improving the quality of the spray. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the plant protection device for diseases of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the box connection on the first and second rails of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of the plant protection device for diseases of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rod structure connection of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the linkage mechanism and the follower block of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the leaf blowing mechanism, leaf picking mechanism, and spraying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating ring structure connection of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a top view schematic diagram of the channel and pipe distribution of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100, First slide rail; 100a, First rail; 100b, Second rail; 1001, Linear rail; 1002, Curved rail; 1003, Curved guide groove; 101, First slider; 102, Second slide rail; 103, Second slider; 104, Housing; 200, Guide rod; 201, Follower block; 202, Connecting arm; 203, Gripper; 204, Reset key; 300, Blowing mechanism; 301, Inner air hole; 302, Outer air hole; 400, Leaf-picking mechanism; 401, Crossbar; 402, Gripper; 403, Slot; 500, Spraying mechanism; 501, Inner nozzle; 502, Outer nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] This invention provides an intelligent method for disease and plant protection of hydroponically grown chives, including the following steps: If the daytime maximum temperature in the greenhouse exceeds 35℃ and lasts for more than 6 hours, spray Bacillus subtilis with a high-pressure hood once a week for routine prevention, and spray beeswax water with a high-pressure hood once a week for physical plant protection. When the daytime maximum temperature in the greenhouse does not exceed 35℃ and the relative humidity is greater than 80%, preventive plant protection measures such as electrolyzed water misting should be taken. If the above weather conditions persist for an extended period, continue the above procedures and apply chitosan fogging once every 10 days.

[0022] Specifically, the preparation steps for the inoculant are to dilute Bacillus subtilis with the leek hydroponic nutrient solution at a ratio of 1:200.

[0023] Specifically, the chitin preparation steps are to dilute chitin at a ratio of 7.5-10g: 750-1000 times with liquid.

[0024] Specifically, the electrolyzed water preparation steps include mixing the electrolyzed water mother liquor and tap water using a 5L measuring cup at a ratio of 1:4 or 1:5 as required by the mother liquor, and then adding the mixture to the electrolyzed water preparation equipment for preparation.

[0025] Specifically, the electrolytic water misting step includes performing electrolytic water misting treatment every 8 hours when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently between 15-25℃; performing electrolytic water misting treatment every 12 hours when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently between 10-15℃ or 25-30℃; and performing electrolytic water misting treatment every 48 hours when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently below 10℃.

[0026] This plant protection method also includes monitoring the temperature, EC value (electrical conductivity), pH value, and dissolved oxygen of the leek culture solution.

[0027] Specifically, 1. The acceptable temperature range for leek culture medium is 15-25℃. If it exceeds 24℃, it needs to be cooled down to 22℃. It is not advisable to lower the temperature too quickly. 2. The acceptable range for the EC value of leek culture medium is 1.5-2.5, and it is generally controlled at 2.0. Under normal circumstances, if it is lower than 1.5, nutrient solution needs to be added. 3. The acceptable pH range for leek culture medium is 5.5-6.5. If it is below 5.5, XX nutrients need to be added to raise the pH value. 4. The acceptable range for dissolved oxygen in leek culture medium is greater than 3-4 ppM. When the dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than 1.5 ppM, high dissolved oxygen water prepared by a nano oxygen generator should be added to the culture tank as soon as possible to increase the dissolved oxygen content and prevent the proliferation of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria in the culture medium. 5. Observe whether the leek culture solution is black, smelly, has an oily layer floating on the surface, or has a rotten egg smell. Observe whether the leek roots are black or rotten.

[0028] Example: Planting area A uses the plant protection method of the present invention, while planting area B uses conventional plant protection methods.

[0029] Implementation plan: (1) Culture medium monitoring In planting area A, temperature (15-25℃), EC value (1.5-2.5), pH value (5.5-6.5), and dissolved oxygen (>3-4ppM) were monitored daily, and the culture medium was observed twice a week to see if it turned black / smelled bad and if the roots were rotting. In planting area B, only temperature (15-28℃) and EC value (1.2-2.8) were monitored daily, and dissolved oxygen and the appearance of the culture medium / roots were not specifically monitored.

[0030] (2) Prevention of gray mold Planting Area A: 1. Electrolyzed water misting: Due to the continuous temperature of 18-24℃, misting is performed every 8 hours (8:00, 16:00, 24:00). Electrolyzed water is prepared using EOW-4000A equipment (mother liquor: tap water = 1:5); 2. Chitosan misting: Misting is performed every 10 days (June 10th, 20th, 30th), using 10g chitosan diluted 1000 times with groundwater; 3. Sample monitoring: Every two days, before and after plant protection, samples are taken from leek leaves (5 plants each, 3 functional leaves from each plant), air (5 sampling points inside the greenhouse, 10L sample per point), and exhaust fan (sampling by wiping the surface of the fan blades) to detect the concentration of gray mold.

[0031] Planting Area B: 1. Spray 50% iprodione wettable powder (800 times dilution) once a week; 2. No specific monitoring was conducted on chitosan fogging and gray mold concentration.

[0032] Implementation results: Disease incidence: In Zone A, only 2 chives were found to have mild gray mold (1-2 small white spots on the leaves, no mold layer), with an incidence rate of 0.08%; In Zone B, the number of infected plants reached 120 within 30 days, with an incidence rate of 4.8%, and 20 plants showed severe mold rot (large areas of leaves rotted, accompanied by a gray mold layer).

[0033] qPCR test results: For the diseased plant samples, the CT value of gray mold in the diseased plants in area A was 38.2 (before treatment) → 43.5 (after treatment, one additional spraying with electrolyzed water according to the method of this invention), the CT value decreased by 5.3, and the pathogen clearance rate was 94.2%; the CT value of the diseased plants in area B was 37.5 (before treatment) → 35.1 (after conventional agent treatment), the CT value increased by 2.4, and the pathogen proliferation rate was 32.1%.

[0034] Yield and quality: In Area A, the fresh weight of a single plant was 15.2g, and the crude fiber content was 0.8%; in Area B, the fresh weight of a single plant was 12.1g (a decrease in yield of 20.4%), and the crude fiber content was 1.1% (a decrease in quality).

[0035] Please see Figure 1-8 The present invention also provides an intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection device, which is applied to the above-mentioned intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection method. It includes a first slide rail 100, which is set in a horizontal direction and has a first slider 101 on it. Specifically, the first slide rail 100 is installed above the leek planting area, and the first slide rail 100 can be an electromagnetic slide rail.

[0036] The first slider 101 is provided with a second slide rail 102 arranged in a vertical direction, the second slide rail 102 is provided with a second slider 103, and a box 104 is fixed on the second slider 103; specifically, the second slide rail 102 can be an electromagnetic slide rail.

[0037] A guide rod 200 is fitted with a follower block 201. The follower block 201 is slidably engaged with the housing 104 in the vertical direction. The guide rod 200 and the follower block 201 are rotatably engaged. The housing 104 is provided with a reset member 204 connected to the follower block 201. Specifically, the follower block 201 can drive the guide rod 200 to move in the vertical direction. The guide rod 200 is mounted on a bracket and its rotation is controlled by a stepper motor. The bracket is slidably connected to the housing 104.

[0038] The leaf blowing mechanism 300, the leaf picking mechanism 400, and the spraying mechanism 500 are all mounted on the guide rod 200 and are used for spraying operations.

[0039] In this embodiment, based on the current growth height of the chives, the base height of the box 104 is adjusted by the cooperation of the second slider 103 and the second slide rail 102. The box 104 moves along the first slide rail 100 in an intermittent manner, that is, the box 104 stops after moving a certain distance. Then, the follower block 201 drives the guide rod 200 to move down closer to the chives. During the descent, the leaf blowing mechanism 300 and the spraying mechanism 500 work synchronously. First, the center of the chives is sprayed. When the guide rod 200 moves down to its limit position, the end of the guide rod 200 extends into the inside of the chives. Then, the leaf-picking mechanism 400 drives the guide rod 200 to rotate, so that the spraying mechanism 500 sprays the outside of the chives, realizing all-round misting of the chives and avoiding the lower leaves from being unable to effectively contact the spray due to mutual obstruction of the leaves.

[0040] In one embodiment, the first slide rail 100 includes a first rail 100a and a second rail 100b arranged in parallel, and the housing 104 disposed on the first rail 100a and the second rail 100b moves alternately. Both the first track 100a and the second track 100b are composed of multiple straight track segments 1001 and multiple curved track segments 1002. The straight track 1001 and the curved track 1002 are connected alternately in sequence. The curved track 1002 is set away from the two straight track segments 1001, and the curved track 1002 has an arc-shaped guide groove 1003. The arc-shaped guide groove 1003 includes two arc-shaped grooves and one straight groove.

[0041] The follower block 201 is equipped with a linkage mechanism.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first rail 100a and the second rail 100b are arranged in parallel. Each rail can be equipped with an independent blowing mechanism 300, a leaf-picking mechanism 400, and a spraying mechanism 500. This allows the spraying mechanism 500 on the second rail 100b to move to the next position while the spraying mechanism 500 on the first rail 100a is in operation. This enables the two sets of spraying mechanisms 500 to work alternately, reducing the waiting time for the spraying mechanisms 500 to move and greatly improving the efficiency of the operation.

[0043] Specifically, when the spraying mechanism 500 on the first rail 100a completes its spraying operation and moves from the straight rail 1001 to the curved rail 1002, the linkage mechanism on the second rail 100b connects with the housing 104 on the first rail 100a. As the housing 104 on the first rail 100a moves along the arc-shaped guide groove 1003 on the curved rail 1002, the linkage mechanism drives the follower block 201 on the second rail 100b to move downward. At this time, the spraying mechanism 500 on the second rail 100b is in working condition. When the first rail 100a... When the housing 104 on rail 0a moves to the end of the curved rail 1002, the spraying mechanism 500 on the second rail 100b completes the spraying operation. At this time, the linkage mechanism on the first rail 100a connects with the housing 104 on the second rail 100b, so that while the spraying mechanism 500 on the second rail 100b moves to the next spraying position, the spraying mechanism 500 on the first rail 100a performs the spraying operation synchronously, alternating between the two. This reduces the waiting time for the spraying mechanisms 500 to move and greatly improves the efficiency of the operation. Simultaneously, during the alternating movement of the spraying mechanisms 500, the spraying mechanisms 500 on the first rail 100a and the second rail 100b can cooperate with the curved rail 1002 to avoid interference and obstruction during the alternating movement, ensuring the efficient operation of the spraying operation.

[0044] In one embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes a connecting arm 202, and a gripper 203 is provided at the end of the connecting arm 202; specifically, the connecting arm 202 is an electric telescopic arm, and the gripper 203 is a cylinder gripper.

[0045] When the box 104 on the first rail 100a moves to the arc rail 1002, the box 104 on the second rail 100b is stationary and the connecting arm 202 connected to the follower block 201 drives the gripper 203 to clamp the box 104 on the first rail 100a.

[0046] In this embodiment, after the spraying mechanism 500 on the first rail completes the spraying operation, it moves from the straight rail 1001 to the curved rail 1002, driving the connecting arm 202 on the second rail 100b to unfold, causing the gripper 203 to clamp the box 104 on the first rail 100a. At this time, when the box 104 on the first rail 100a moves along the curved rail 1002, it can synchronously drive the follower block 201 to move down, thereby causing the spraying mechanism 500 on the second rail 100b to move down closer to the chives and perform subsequent spraying operations, reducing the waiting time for the spraying mechanism 500 to move and greatly improving the efficiency of the operation.

[0047] In one embodiment, the leaf-picking mechanism 400 includes a crossbar 401 fixed to the end of the guide rod 200, and a pawl 402 is provided on the crossbar 401. The pawl 402 has evenly distributed slots 403.

[0048] In this embodiment, as the leaf-picking mechanism 400 moves down with the guide rod 200, the pawl 402 will lock onto the chive leaves and separate the leaves through the slot 403. Then, when the guide rod 200 drives the crossbar 401 to rotate, the leaves slide past the pawl 402 and disengage. At the same time, in conjunction with the spraying mechanism 500, it achieves all-round spraying of the outer periphery of the leaves, reducing the problem of incomplete spraying caused by overlapping leaves.

[0049] In one embodiment, the blowing mechanism 300 includes an inner air hole 301 provided at the end of the guide rod 200 and an outer air hole 302 provided on the crossbar 401. The inner air hole 301 is evenly distributed in a circumferential shape, and the outer air hole 302 is evenly distributed in a straight line. The spraying mechanism 500 includes an inner nozzle 501 disposed inside the inner air hole 301 and an outer nozzle 502 disposed on the crossbar 401. When the guide rod 200 moves vertically along the second slide rail 102, the inner air hole 301 and the inner nozzle 501 are in the open state. When the guide rod 200 moves vertically to the end and changes to rotational motion, the outer air hole 302 and the outer nozzle 502 are in the open state.

[0050] In this embodiment, the guide rod 200 is lowered closer to the leaves, at which point the inner air hole 301 and the inner nozzle 501 open, and the airflow carries the mist droplets to the leaves in the center of the chives. As the airflow is disturbed, the leaves can be moved, allowing the mist droplets to cover more leaves, thus achieving spraying of the central leaves of the chives. When the guide rod 200 is lowered to its limit position, the inner air hole 301 and the inner nozzle 501 close, while the outer air hole 302 and the outer nozzle 502 open. As the guide rod 200 drives the crossbar 401 to rotate, spraying is achieved on the outer leaves of the chives, achieving all-round misting of the chives and avoiding the lower leaves from being unable to effectively contact the mist due to mutual obstruction between the leaves.

[0051] Preferably, a rotating ring 205 is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod 200, and a sliding part 2051 is provided on the rotating ring 205. The sliding part 2051 is slidably connected to the guide groove opened on the inner surface of the housing 104. The guide groove includes a straight section 1041 and a spiral section 1042. A first tube 206 and a second tube 207 are provided on the rotating ring 205. The guide rod 200 has two channels inside. The first channel 200a connects the inner air hole 301 and the inner nozzle 501, and the second channel 200b connects the outer air hole 302 and the outer nozzle 502. Specifically, each channel has an independent branch for supplying air and water. The surface of the guide rod 200 has a first hole and a second hole that communicate with the first channel 200a and the second channel 200b.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the guide rod 200 moves downward, the first pipe 206 connects with the first channel 200a, and the inner air hole 301 and the inner nozzle 501 work. At this time, the sliding part 2051 slides along the straight section 1041. As the guide rod 200 moves downward, the sliding part 2051 transitions from the straight section to the spiral section 1042, causing the rotating ring 205 to rotate, thereby connecting the second pipe 207 with the second channel 200b, and the outer air hole 302 and the outer nozzle 502 work. This achieves synchronous control of the inner air hole 301 and the inner nozzle 501, and the outer air hole 302 and the outer nozzle 502 working sequentially during the movement of the guide rod 200, reducing the difficulty of operation and improving the coordination of the spraying action.

[0053] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture as shown in the attached figure. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0054] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied. Furthermore, "multiple" refers to two or more. Moreover, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart method for disease and plant protection of hydroponically grown leeks, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, If the daytime maximum temperature in the greenhouse exceeds 35℃ and lasts for more than 6 hours, spray Bacillus subtilis with a high-pressure hood once a week for routine prevention, and spray beeswax water with a high-pressure hood once a week for physical plant protection. When the daytime maximum temperature in the greenhouse does not exceed 35℃ and the relative humidity is greater than 80%, preventive plant protection measures such as electrolyzed water misting should be taken. If the above weather conditions persist for an extended period, continue the above procedures and apply chitosan fogging once every 10 days.

2. The intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps for the inoculant are to dilute Bacillus subtilis with the leek hydroponic nutrient solution at a ratio of 1:

200.

3. The intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The chitin preparation steps are as follows: dilute chitin at a ratio of 7.5-10g: 750-1000 times with liquid.

4. The intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyzed water preparation steps include mixing the electrolyzed water mother liquor and tap water using a 5L measuring cup at a ratio of 1:4 or 1:5 as required by the mother liquor, and then adding the mixture to the electrolyzed water preparation equipment for preparation.

5. The intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolysis water mist-covering step includes: When the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently between 15-25℃, perform electrolytic water misting treatment every 8 hours; when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently between 10-15℃, or when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently between 25-30℃, perform electrolytic water misting treatment every 12 hours; when the temperature inside the greenhouse is consistently below 10℃, perform electrolytic water misting treatment every 48 hours.

6. A smart hydroponic leek disease protection device, applied to the smart hydroponic leek disease protection method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: include, The first slide rail (100) is arranged in the horizontal direction and a first slider (101) is provided on it. The first slider (101) is provided with a second slide rail (102) arranged in the vertical direction. The second slide rail (102) is provided with a second slider (103). A box (104) is fixed on the second slider (103). A guide rod (200) is fitted with a follower block (201), the follower block (201) and the housing (104) slide in a vertical direction, the housing (104) is provided with a reset member (204) connected to the follower block (201), and the guide rod (200) and the follower block (201) rotate in a cooperative manner; The leaf blowing mechanism (300), the leaf picking mechanism (400), and the spraying mechanism (500) are all mounted on the guide rod (200) and are used for spraying operations.

7. The intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The first slide rail (100) includes a first rail (100a) and a second rail (100b) arranged in parallel, and the housing (104) disposed on the first rail (100a) and the second rail (100b) moves alternately; The first rail (100a) and the second rail (100b) are both composed of multiple straight rails (1001) and multiple curved rails (1002). The straight rails (1001) and the curved rails (1002) are connected alternately in sequence. The curved rails (1002) are arranged in a direction away from the two straight rails (1001), and the curved rails (1002) have arc-shaped guide grooves (1003). The follower block (201) is equipped with a linkage mechanism.

8. The intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes a connecting arm (202), and the end of the connecting arm (202) is provided with a gripper (203). When the box (104) on the first rail (100a) moves to the arc rail (1002), the box (104) on the second rail (100b) is in a stationary state and the connecting arm (202) connected to the follower block (201) drives the gripper (203) to clamp the box (104) on the first rail (100a).

9. The intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The leaf-picking mechanism (400) includes a crossbar (401) fixed to the end of the guide rod (200), and a pawl (402) is provided on the crossbar (401), and the pawl (402) has uniformly distributed slots (403).

10. The intelligent hydroponic leek disease protection device as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The blowing mechanism (300) includes an inner air hole (301) at the end of the guide rod (200) and an outer air hole (302) on the crossbar (401). The inner air hole (301) is evenly distributed in a circumferential shape, and the outer air hole (302) is evenly distributed in a straight line. The spraying mechanism (500) includes an inner nozzle (501) disposed inside the inner air hole (301) and an outer nozzle (502) disposed on the crossbar (401). When the guide rod (200) moves vertically along the second slide rail (102), the inner air hole (301) and the inner nozzle (501) are in the open state. When the guide rod (200) moves vertically to the end and changes to rotational motion, the outer air hole (302) and the outer nozzle (502) are in the open state.

Images