Three-dimensional circulating cultivation rack water-saving irrigation device and intelligent control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional circulating cultivation rack water-saving irrigation device and an intelligent control method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The water-saving irrigation device for the three-dimensional circulating cultivation rack comprises a three-dimensional circulating rack system, the three-dimensional circulating rack system comprises a top cross rod and a bottom cross rod which are horizontally arranged in a pair, and the top cross rod and the bottom cross rod on the same vertical plane are connected through a plurality of vertical connecting rods to be spliced into a rack body; a plurality of gears are arranged on the top cross rod and the bottom cross rod in a staggered mode, the gears are in driving connection through a transmission chain to form a W-shaped circulation path, a plurality of hanging baskets are evenly installed on the transmission chain, the height, the distance and the operation speed of the cultivation units are flexibly adjusted according to the growth requirements of different crops, and the optimal growth environment is provided for the crops; precise and intelligent management of the irrigation process is achieved, the utilization efficiency of water resources can be remarkably improved, the irrigation cost is reduced, and the crop growth environment is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building demolition technology, specifically to a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform water-saving irrigation device and intelligent control method. Background Technology

[0002] Despite significant advancements in environmental control and crop yield in modern agricultural production, facility agriculture still faces numerous challenges that urgently need to be addressed. Firstly, traditional irrigation methods rely excessively on manual experience, making it difficult to accurately match the water requirements of crops at different growth stages. This results in low water resource utilization and poor crop growth uniformity, severely hindering the improvement of production efficiency.

[0003] In facility agriculture production, improper irrigation often leads to water waste and reduced irrigation water use efficiency. Facility production mainly uses fixed platforms as equipment, and solving the problem of crop water demand largely relies on manual irrigation. Manual irrigation is not only inconvenient, but also requires a lot of manpower for large-area platform irrigation. Moreover, the amount of water used for manual irrigation is difficult to control, resulting in inaccurate water usage and low irrigation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform water-saving irrigation device and intelligent control method to improve the accuracy and efficiency of irrigation.

[0005] This invention provides a water-saving irrigation device and intelligent control method for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform. The three-dimensional circulating platform system includes two horizontally arranged and parallel top crossbars and two bottom crossbars. The top and bottom crossbars on the same vertical plane are connected by several vertical connecting rods to form the platform body. Several gears are alternately arranged on the top and bottom crossbars, and are sequentially meshed with several gears alternately arranged on the top and bottom crossbars by a transmission chain, so that the transmission chain is arranged in a W shape between the top and bottom crossbars. Several hanging baskets are evenly installed on the transmission chain. Any one of the gears is connected to a drive motor. When the transmission chain is driven, several hanging baskets follow the transmission chain to form a W-shaped loop path. The sprinkler system includes a sprinkler head and a water tank. The water tank is located on one side of the frame body and is connected to the sprinkler head via a water pipe. The water pipe is a rigid water pipe and is fixedly connected to the bottom crossbar. The sprinkler heads are arranged in an array along the length of the hanging baskets for spraying the plants on the hanging baskets. A flow sensor is installed inside the water pipe. A water level sensor and a temperature sensor are installed on the water tank. An ultrasonic sensor is also installed on the frame body on one side of the sprinkler head to detect whether there are hanging baskets in the spray area of ​​the sprinkler head. An intelligent controller is used to receive the detection information from the ultrasonic sensor and control the sprinkler head to turn on when a hanging basket is detected and to turn off when no hanging basket is detected.

[0006] Preferably, the nozzle is a dual-speed nozzle, which can be switched between atomization mode F1 and spray mode F2. The controller is used to receive monitoring data from the temperature sensor and compare the monitoring data with the set value. When the monitoring data is greater than or equal to the set value, atomization mode F1 is activated, and when the monitoring data is less than the set value, spray mode F2 is activated.

[0007] Preferably, the intelligent controller has a built-in data storage module for recording irrigation logs, including total water volume, energy consumption, abnormal event markers, and historical data of the rack body rotation speed.

[0008] Preferably, the water tank is connected to the water supply component via a water replenishment valve. Both the water level sensor and the water replenishment valve are connected to the intelligent controller. When the water level sensor detects that the water level is lower than a preset threshold, it controls the water replenishment valve to open, triggering a water replenishment operation.

[0009] Preferably, the method includes the following steps: calculating the reference rotational speed V1=(L1·b) / a of the three-dimensional circulation platform system based on the target irrigation volume a, the nozzle flow velocity b, and the basket length L1; when the basket reaches below the nozzle, it runs at a constant speed V1, and the nozzle opening time T1=L1 / V1; when the basket passes through the gap or idle area, the three-dimensional circulation platform system accelerates to Vmax, and the nozzle closes.

[0010] Preferably, in step 2, the irrigation parameter calculation further includes: when m consecutive idle baskets are detected, the sprinkler head is turned off; the drive motor speed T2=L2 / Vmax, where L2 is the gap length between the baskets.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzle has multiple speed settings, and the switching between these speed settings is predicted by an LSTM neural network. The input parameters include ambient temperature, crop transpiration rate, and leaf area index, and the output is a speed setting selection command.

[0012] Preferably, when the flow sensor detects an abnormal flow rate, the following operations are triggered: immediately shutting down the nozzle and generating a fault signal; controlling the three-dimensional circulation test bench system to decelerate to a safe speed V≤0.5V1; and sending an alarm message to the user terminal.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform water-saving irrigation device of the present invention drives the gear to rotate through the drive motor. Under the action of several staggered gears, the transmission chain rotates in a W-shaped circulating path, thereby causing several hanging baskets to move in a cycle. In conjunction with the intelligent control part, the nozzles are controlled to spray the plants on the hanging baskets, thereby achieving the uniform distribution of environmental resources such as light, irrigation, and ventilation, maximizing the use of limited space resources, and improving agricultural production efficiency. In addition, the height, spacing and speed of the cultivated vegetation can be flexibly adjusted according to the growth needs of different crops, providing the optimal growth environment for crops and realizing precise and intelligent management of the irrigation process. This is conducive to significantly improving water resource utilization efficiency, reducing irrigation costs, and optimizing the crop growth environment. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the suspended platform structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the intelligent sprinkler irrigation system of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the intelligent sprinkler irrigation system of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a control function block diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Platform body; 2. Suspended basket; 3. Gear linkage mechanism; 4. Coordination controller; 5. Nozzle; 6. Flow sensor; 7. Water level sensor; 8. Temperature sensor; 9. Water tank; 11; 10. Water level gauge; 11. Thermometer; 12. Water supply valve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-6 To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in the patent application specification and claims of this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "far," "near," "front," and "rear" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. The drawings in this invention are not strictly drawn to scale; the specific dimensions and quantity of each structure can be determined according to actual needs. The drawings described in this invention are merely structural schematic diagrams.

[0023] This invention provides a water-saving irrigation device for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform, such as... Figures 1-5As shown, the system includes a three-dimensional circulating platform system, comprising two horizontally arranged and parallel top crossbars and two bottom crossbars. The top and bottom crossbars on the same vertical plane are connected by several vertical connecting rods to form the platform body 1. Several gears are alternately arranged on the top and bottom crossbars, and are sequentially meshed with several gears alternately arranged on the top and bottom crossbars by a transmission chain, so that the transmission chain is arranged in a W shape between the top and bottom crossbars, and several hanging baskets 2 are evenly installed on the transmission chain. Any gear is connected to a drive motor. When the transmission chain is driven, several hanging baskets 2 follow the transmission chain to form a W-shaped loop path. The sprinkler system includes sprinkler heads 5 and a water tank 9. The water tank 9 is located on one side of the frame body 1 and is connected to the sprinkler heads 5 through a water pipe. The water pipe is a rigid water pipe and is fixedly connected to the bottom crossbar. The sprinkler heads 5 are arranged in an array along the length of the hanging baskets 2 to spray the plants on the hanging baskets 2. A flow sensor 6 is installed inside the water pipe. A water level sensor 7 and a temperature sensor 8 are installed on the water tank 9. An ultrasonic sensor is also installed on the frame body 1 on one side of the sprinkler heads 5 to detect whether there are hanging baskets 2 in the spray area of ​​the sprinkler heads 5. The intelligent controller 4 is used to receive the detection information from the ultrasonic sensor and control the sprinkler heads 5 to turn on when a hanging basket 2 is detected and to turn off when no hanging basket 2 is detected.

[0024] In this embodiment, the drive motor drives the gears to rotate, and under the action of several staggered gears, the transmission chain rotates in a W-shaped cyclic path. The gear transmission chain forms a gear linkage mechanism 3, which causes several hanging baskets 2 to move cyclically. In conjunction with the intelligent control part, the nozzles are controlled to spray the vegetation on the hanging baskets 2, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of environmental resources such as light, irrigation, and ventilation, maximizing the use of limited space resources, and improving agricultural production efficiency. In addition, the height, spacing and speed of the cultivated vegetation can be flexibly adjusted according to the growth needs of different crops, providing the optimal growth environment for crops and realizing precise and intelligent management of the irrigation process. This is conducive to significantly improving water resource utilization efficiency, reducing irrigation costs, and optimizing the crop growth environment.

[0025] Achieving precise and intelligent management of the irrigation process significantly improves water resource utilization efficiency, reduces irrigation costs, and optimizes the crop growth environment. By integrating high-precision sensors and intelligent control algorithms, the system can monitor and dynamically adjust irrigation parameters in real time, ensuring that each cultivation unit receives a uniform and suitable water supply while avoiding ineffective irrigation of non-cultivated areas and reducing water waste. Furthermore, the system's automated operation and data analysis functions provide growers with scientific decision support, ensuring the consistency of crop growth processes and quality, ultimately promoting the development of facility agriculture towards higher efficiency and sustainability.

[0026] Preferred, such as Figures 1-6As shown, the nozzle 5 is a dual-speed nozzle, which can be switched between atomization mode F1 and spray mode F2. The controller is used to receive the monitoring data from the temperature sensor 8 and compare the monitoring data with the set value. When the monitoring data is greater than or equal to the set value, the atomization mode F1 is activated, and when the monitoring data is less than the set value, the spray mode F2 is activated. The intelligent controller 4 has a built-in data storage module for recording irrigation logs, including total water volume, energy consumption, abnormal event markers, and historical data of the platform body rotation speed. The water tank 9 is connected to the water supply component via a water replenishment valve 12. The water level sensor 7 and the water replenishment valve 12 are both connected to the intelligent controller 4. When the water level sensor 7 detects that the water level is lower than the preset threshold, it controls the water replenishment valve 12 to open, triggering the water replenishment operation.

[0027] The system is equipped with a flow sensor 6, a water level sensor 7, and a temperature sensor 8 to monitor the crop's water requirements and irrigation status in real time. Combined with dynamic data from the platform's circulation speed, it intelligently adjusts the sprinkler irrigation volume and the water supply from the tank 9. This precise control not only ensures that each crop receives adequate water but also avoids the water waste and uneven irrigation problems common in traditional irrigation methods. The system stores the real-time data collected by the flow sensor 6, water level sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8, generating detailed records of irrigation and environmental changes. Growers can access historical data at any time through the platform to comprehensively understand the water supply, water level changes, and temperature fluctuation trends during the seedling stage. Through in-depth analysis of this data, growers can accurately grasp the correlation between crop growth and environmental parameters, summarize seedling cultivation experience, and optimize irrigation strategies and cultivation management plans.

[0028] When the water level sensor 7 detects that the water level is lower than the preset threshold, it automatically triggers a water replenishment operation; the Hall sensor obtains the position coordinates of the basket 2 in real time, and simultaneously collects irrigation flow, water level and ambient temperature data; Irrigation parameter calculation: based on the target irrigation volume a, the flow velocity b of the sprinkler head 5 and the length L1 of the basket 2, the reference rotation speed V1=(L1·b) / a of the three-dimensional circulation platform system is calculated; when the basket 2 reaches below the sprinkler head 5, it runs at a constant speed of V1, and the opening time of the sprinkler head 5 is T1=L1 / V1; when the basket 2 passes through the gap or idle area, the three-dimensional circulation platform system accelerates to Vmax, and the sprinkler head 5 closes; closed-loop water volume regulation: based on the feedback data from the flow sensor 6, the PID algorithm is used to dynamically correct the water volume. The duration of the first 5 opening is designed to ensure that the actual irrigation volume error is ≤ ±5%. In step 2, the irrigation parameter calculation further includes shielding the irrigation of the corresponding area when m consecutive idle hanging baskets 2 are detected. The rapid acceleration time of the three-dimensional circulation platform system is T2 = L2 / Vmax, where L2 is the gap length between hanging baskets 2. In step 3, the nozzle 5 gear switching is predicted by an LSTM neural network. The input parameters include ambient temperature, crop transpiration rate, and leaf area index. The output is a gear selection command. When the flow sensor 6 detects an abnormal flow, the following operations are triggered: immediately shut down nozzle 5 and generate a fault code; control the three-dimensional circulation platform system to decelerate to a safe speed V_≤0.5V1; and send an alarm message to the user terminal.

[0029] The method of using the three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform water-saving irrigation device of the present invention is as follows: The system collects key data in real time, including current water level, irrigation flow rate, and ambient temperature, through flow sensor 6, water level sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8. The length of the hanging basket 2 is L1, the gap length between the hanging baskets 2 is L2, there are n hanging baskets 2 that need to be irrigated, m hanging baskets 2 that are idle, the starting position is S1, and the two settings of the nozzle 5 are F1 (atomizing nozzle 5) and F2 (spraying setting). The sprinkler system calculates the required irrigation volume, sprinkler head atomization method, and irrigation frequency for each basket 2 based on the growth stage and water requirements of the crops within the basket 2, combined with environmental data collected by flow sensor 6, water level sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8. By analyzing the positional distribution of the baskets 2 on the platform, the sprinkler system dynamically adjusts the opening time and duration of the sprinkler heads 5 to ensure that each cultivation unit receives a uniform and precise water supply. Let the manually input irrigation volume for the basket 2 be a, and the irrigation rate of the sprinkler head 5 be b. The irrigation time T1 for the sprinkler head 5 is T1 = a / b;

[0030] Based on the distribution density of the hanging baskets 2 and irrigation needs, the sprinkler system calculates the optimal operating speed of the platform to ensure that the time the hanging baskets 2 remain under the sprinkler head 5 is precisely matched with the irrigation volume. Simultaneously, the system optimizes the motor load to avoid uneven irrigation or energy waste caused by excessively fast or slow rotation speeds. To ensure uniform irrigation, the time it takes for the sprinkler head 5 to irrigate the hanging baskets 2 should be equal to the time it takes for the hanging baskets 2 to pass the sprinkler head 5 while the platform rotates. Therefore, the platform rotation speed V1 = length of hanging basket 2 L1 / time it takes for the hanging basket 2 to pass the sprinkler head 5 a / b = L1·b / a;

[0031] The sprinkler system precisely controls the closing time of the sprinkler head 5 in the gap area by monitoring the gap position between the hanging baskets 2 in real time, avoiding ineffective irrigation of non-cultivated areas and thus significantly reducing water waste. The gap length between the hanging baskets 2 is L2. When the platform rotates to the gap between the hanging baskets 2, it will close the sprinkler head 5 and change the rotation speed to the maximum speed Vmax; when the platform rotates to the next hanging basket 2, it will open the sprinkler head 5 again and adjust the rotation speed to the speed parameter adjusted according to the irrigation volume. The time T2 for the hanging basket 2 to pass through the gap through the sprinkler head 5 is T2 = L2 / Vmax.

[0032] For idle hanging baskets 2 that are not planted with crops, the sprinkler system automatically identifies and excludes their irrigation needs, ensuring that irrigation resources are concentrated on the actual cultivated area, further improving irrigation efficiency. When the platform rotates to an idle hanging basket 2, the sprinkler head 5 will be turned off and the platform rotation speed will be adjusted to the maximum Vmax; when the platform rotates to the next hanging basket 2, the normal speed will be restored. The time for the idle hanging basket 2 to pass through the sprinkler head 5 is T3 = L1 / Vmax.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-saving irrigation device for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform, characterized in that, include: The three-dimensional circulating platform system includes two horizontally arranged and parallel top crossbars and two bottom crossbars. The top crossbars and bottom crossbars on the same vertical plane are connected by several vertical connecting rods to form the platform body (1). Several gears are alternately arranged on the top crossbars and the bottom crossbars, and are sequentially meshed with several gears alternately arranged on the top crossbars and the bottom crossbars by a transmission chain, so that the transmission chain is arranged in a W shape between the top crossbars and the bottom crossbars. Several baskets (2) are evenly installed on the transmission chain. Any one of the gears is connected to a drive motor. When the transmission chain is driven, several baskets (2) follow the transmission chain to form a W-shaped circulating path. Sprinkler system: includes a sprinkler head (5) and a water tank (9). The water tank (9) is located on one side of the frame body (1) and is connected to the sprinkler head (5) through a water pipe. The water pipe is a rigid water pipe and is fixedly connected to the bottom crossbar. The sprinkler head (5) is arranged in an array along the length of the hanging basket (2) for spraying the plants on the hanging basket (2). A flow sensor (6) is provided in the water pipe. A water level sensor (7) and a temperature sensor (8) are provided on the water tank (9). An ultrasonic sensor is also provided on the frame body (1) on one side of the sprinkler head (5) for detecting whether there is a hanging basket (2) in the spray area of ​​the sprinkler head (5). The intelligent controller (4) is used to receive the detection information from the ultrasonic sensor and control the nozzle (5) to turn on when the basket (2) is detected and to turn off when the basket (2) is not detected.

2. The water-saving irrigation device for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle (5) is a dual-gear nozzle (5), and the gear can be switched to atomization mode F1 or spray mode F2. The controller is used to receive the monitoring data of the temperature sensor (8) and compare the monitoring data with the set value. When the monitoring data is greater than or equal to the set value, atomization mode F1 is activated, and when the monitoring data is less than the set value, spray mode F2 is activated.

3. The water-saving irrigation device for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent controller (4) has a built-in data storage module for recording irrigation logs, including total water volume, energy consumption, abnormal event markers, and historical data of the rotation speed of the test bench.

4. The water-saving irrigation device for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank (9) is connected to the water supply component via a water replenishment valve (12). The water level sensor (7) and the water replenishment valve (12) are both connected to the intelligent controller (4). When the water level sensor (7) detects that the water level is lower than the preset threshold, it controls the water replenishment valve (12) to open and triggers the water replenishment operation.

5. The intelligent control method for a water-saving irrigation device for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the target irrigation volume a, the flow velocity b of the sprinkler (5) and the length L1 of the basket, the reference rotation speed V1 of the three-dimensional circulating platform system is calculated as V1 = (L1·b) / a; When the basket (2) reaches below the nozzle (5), it runs at a constant speed of rotation V1, and the opening time of the nozzle (5) is T1=L1 / V1; When the basket (2) passes through the gap or idle area, the three-dimensional circulating platform system accelerates to Vmax and the nozzle (5) closes.

6. The intelligent control method for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform water-saving irrigation device as described in claim 5: characterized in that, In step 2, the calculation of irrigation parameters further includes: When m consecutive idle baskets (2) are detected, the nozzle (5) is turned off; The speed of the drive motor is T2=L2 / Vmax, where L2 is the gap length of the suspended basket (2).

7. The water-saving irrigation device for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The nozzle (5) has multiple speed settings. The switching between the multiple speed settings is predicted by an LSTM neural network. The input parameters include ambient temperature, crop transpiration rate and leaf area index, and the output speed setting selection command is given.

8. The water-saving irrigation device for a three-dimensional circulating cultivation platform as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the flow sensor (6) detects an abnormal flow, the following operation is triggered: Immediately shut down the nozzle (5) and generate a fault signal; Control the three-dimensional circulating test bench system to decelerate to a safe speed V≤0.5V1; Send alarm information to the user terminal.

Images