Sequencing batch sewage treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sequencing batch sewage treatment device and method. The sequencing batch sewage treatment device comprises a reaction tank body; aeration units of the microporous aeration assembly are distributed in the bottom area of the reaction tank body in an array manner; the rotating axis of the stirring assembly coincides with the geometric center of the reaction tank body; and the time sequence cooperative controller is connected with the microporous aeration assembly through a first signal link, is connected with the stirring assembly through a second signal link, and is configured to control the microporous aeration assembly and the stirring assembly to be alternately started and stopped in a single treatment period, and maintain the duration ratio of the aeration stage to the stirring stage to be within an adjustable range. According to the scheme, the timing sequence cooperative controller is connected with the aeration and stirring assembly, the aeration and stirring assembly are controlled to be alternately started and stopped in a single treatment period, the aeration / stirring duration proportion is dynamically adjusted, and the precise micro-aerobic environment is constructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a sequencing batch wastewater treatment device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of urban wastewater treatment and discharge standards, especially after the implementation of the "Taizhou City Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent Indicators and Standard Limits (Trial)" in Taizhou, the control requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants have become significantly stricter. Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and its improved processes, as the mainstream technology for small and medium-sized wastewater treatment plants in my country, face common problems in actual operation, such as large fluctuations in nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and high energy consumption. Traditional SBR processes typically employ continuous aeration combined with fixed-sequence stirring operations. This operating mode easily leads to excessively high dissolved oxygen concentrations during the aeration stage, inhibiting the activity of denitrifying bacteria; while during the stirring stage, the lack of precise oxygen supplementation may result in incomplete nitrification. Existing technologies attempt to optimize this by adjusting the anaerobic / aerobic time ratio or introducing intermittent aeration modes, but the coordinated control of aeration and stirring still relies on empirical parameter settings, making it difficult to dynamically respond to changes in influent water quality. For example, the Chinese patent document "A Method and System for Treating Wastewater with Multi-Mode Sequencing Batch Activated Sludge," publication number "CN102502963A," includes interconnected sludge thickening pre-anoxic tank, anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, aerobic tank, facultative tank, and sequencing batch tank. The facultative tank operates in either aerobic or anoxic mode. Multiple wastewater treatment modes are possible, including anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic, anoxic-anaerobic-aerobic, and anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic-anoxic-aerobic modes. This wastewater treatment method can enhance nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter removal, and improve equipment utilization, but it does not resolve the timing conflict between aeration and mixing.

[0003] Further research revealed three key bottlenecks in the existing process: First, while continuous aeration ensures oxygen mass transfer efficiency, the consistently high dissolved oxygen environment hinders the simultaneous nitrification-denitrification (SND) process, limiting nitrogen removal efficiency. Second, although the fixed-duration stirring phase promotes sludge mixing, the lack of dynamic coordination with aeration results in low carbon source utilization for denitrification. Third, aeration energy consumption typically accounts for 60%-70% of the total system energy consumption; traditional aerators produce large-diameter bubbles with low oxygen transfer efficiency, leading to energy waste. These problems are particularly prominent in low-load wastewater treatment plants in southern China, where a low influent carbon-to-nitrogen ratio easily triggers sludge bulking, further reducing sedimentation efficiency. Therefore, there is an irreconcilable contradiction between achieving stable compliance and energy conservation in the existing SBR process.

[0004] The aforementioned defects stem from the disconnect between equipment structure and control logic: the independent operation of aeration and mixing components makes it difficult to coordinate their timing; inaccurate micro-oxygen environment construction restricts the equilibrium of nitrogen and phosphorus removal reactions; and the lack of physical enhancement methods during the sedimentation stage prolongs the hydraulic retention time. Therefore, a systematic solution that integrates aeration-mixing dynamic coupling, dissolved oxygen gradient control, and sludge settling enhancement is urgently needed.

[0005] In the above scheme, the diversion channel can be set up to throw the agent in different directions under centrifugal force, which improves the fullness and efficiency of mixing the agent with the raw water, reduces the waiting time, and improves the efficiency of sewage treatment. The equipment introduces a backwashing system, which extracts part of the discharged water and injects it into the inclined tube sedimentation tank to a certain extent to wash the inclined tube and the scraper blade of the sludge scraper, ensuring the reliability of the equipment operation, and reducing the difficulty and cost of later maintenance. However, this scheme still does not solve the problem of high floc breakage and low flocculation efficiency during the conveying process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the issues of fluctuating nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and high energy consumption in existing sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment processes caused by continuous aeration inhibiting denitrification, fixed stirring parameters wasting carbon sources, and conflicts in aeration / stirring timing, this solution connects the aeration and stirring components using a time-coordinated controller. Within a single treatment cycle, it controls the alternating start and stop of both components and dynamically adjusts the aeration / stirring duration ratio to create a precise micro-oxygen environment. This solution effectively eliminates the inhibition of denitrification by excessively high dissolved oxygen concentrations and simultaneously realizes the energy conversion of gas kinetic energy-driven stirring. This allows for efficient oxygen transfer during the aeration phase and full denitrification during the stirring phase to synergistically promote each other, thereby resolving the contradiction of fragmented equipment control at the structural level and achieving the dual effects of improved nitrogen and phosphorus removal stability and reduced energy consumption.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device includes: a reaction tank body; a microporous aeration assembly with an array of aeration units distributed in the bottom region of the reaction tank body; a stirring assembly with its rotation axis coinciding with the geometric center of the reaction tank body; and a timing coordination controller connected to the microporous aeration assembly via a first signal link and to the stirring assembly via a second signal link, configured to: control the microporous aeration assembly and the stirring assembly to alternately start and stop within a single treatment cycle, and maintain the duration ratio of the aeration phase to the stirring phase within an adjustable range.

[0008] The reaction tank itself serves as the treatment container, and its rectangular structure ensures stable hydraulic flow. A specific aspect ratio effectively suppresses short-circuiting. The array distribution of microporous aeration components, with a higher density of aeration units at the front end than at the rear, compensates for peak oxygen demand at the influent, matching dissolved oxygen distribution with pollutant degradation requirements. The rotation axis of the stirring components strictly coincides with the geometric center of the aeration units, driving the fluid to form symmetrical circulation and preventing sludge deposition in the corner stagnant zones. The core innovation of the time-series collaborative controller lies in the independent control of dual signal links: the first link controls aeration start and stop, and the second link adjusts the stirring intensity; the alternation of these two links is dynamically optimized based on influent water quality. When treating high ammonia nitrogen wastewater, the controller automatically extends the aeration period to enhance nitrification; when treating high C / N ratio wastewater, it extends the stirring period to promote denitrification. The adjustable range covers typical water quality fluctuation ranges. This solution addresses two major pain points of traditional processes: First, the physical separation of aeration and mixing eliminates the risk of equipment interference, and the disc aerator is free from the impact of mechanical agitation eddies, significantly extending membrane life; second, precise timing control maintains the stability of the anoxic environment, improving denitrification efficiency. The device maintains stable effluent even under fluctuating influent water quality conditions, reducing energy consumption compared to conventional systems.

[0009] Preferably, the microporous aeration assembly includes multiple disc aerator units, which are fixedly installed on the concrete base plate of the reaction tank body in a concentric array, and the units are connected in parallel through pipes to form an air path network.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a hollow turbine structure coaxially disposed at the center of the disc aerator unit. The hollow turbine has a spiral flow channel inside and is connected to the aeration pipeline through a rotary sealing joint. The outer edge of the turbine is provided with inclined blades at an angle of 30-45 degrees to the horizontal plane.

[0011] Preferably, the inclined blades of the hollow turbine are driven to rotate by the gas reaction force during aeration, and their rotation axis is collinear with the blade shaft of the stirring assembly, and the blade shaft is coupled to the drive motor through a magnetic coupling.

[0012] Preferably, the programmable control component includes an embedded processor unit and a multi-channel relay module. The embedded processor unit is connected to a dissolved oxygen sensor, a valve actuator of the microporous aeration component, and a frequency converter of the stirring component via an RS485 communication bus.

[0013] Preferably, the dissolved oxygen sensor is fixed at a depth of 0.5-1 meter from the liquid surface by a pendant bracket, and its probe end is provided with a magnetic shielding cover, and is directly connected to the data acquisition port of the embedded processor unit through a shielded signal line.

[0014] Preferably, the system also includes a sludge return assembly, which comprises a submersible pump and a U-shaped return pipe. The suction port of the submersible pump is located on the side wall of the sedimentation zone of the reaction tank body, and the discharge port is sealed to the U-shaped return pipe through a flange joint. A multi-frequency ultrasonic transducer array is embedded at the bottom of the sedimentation zone, and the multi-frequency ultrasonic transducer array is connected to the programmable control assembly through a high-frequency cable.

[0015] This solution also discloses a wastewater treatment method using the above-mentioned device, comprising: introducing wastewater into the reaction tank body through an inlet valve; starting the microporous aeration component to operate in an intermittent micro-aeration mode; operating the stirring component to form an axial circulation of fluid; and pumping the settled sludge from the sedimentation zone back to the reaction zone through the sludge return component.

[0016] Preferably, the operating stirring assembly includes: a spiral guide channel for introducing aeration gas into the hollow turbine, using the gas jet reaction force to drive the turbine to rotate, and simultaneously guiding the fluid to form a swirling circulation through inclined blades.

[0017] Preferably, the multi-frequency ultrasonic transducer array is activated during the sludge return stage, so that the transducer emitting surface and the cone bottom plane of the sedimentation zone are kept at a parallel distance, and a resonant wave is excited by a high-frequency pulse signal.

[0018] Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By dynamically adjusting the ratio of aeration to stirring time using a controller, the inhibition of denitrification by continuous aeration is eliminated, and the micro-aerobic environment is maintained, thereby improving the stability of nitrogen and phosphorus removal.

[0019] The aeration jet enters the hollow turbine to drive the blades to rotate, converting the kinetic energy of the gas into the mechanical energy of stirring, reducing the operation of independent motors and significantly reducing the proportion of system energy consumption.

[0020] The cone-bottom transducer in the sedimentation zone emits multi-frequency resonant waves, which accelerates the collision and aggregation of sludge flocs, shortens the sedimentation time, and avoids the cost and secondary pollution caused by adding chemical flocculants.

[0021] The aeration-stirring dynamic coupling and ultrasonic sedimentation enhancement form a closed-loop control, reducing ineffective hydraulic retention time and reducing the required reaction tank volume for the same treatment capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-Reaction tank body, 2-Microporous aeration component, 21-Aeration pipe, 22-Disc aerator unit, 3-Agitator component, 31-Hollow turbine structure, 32-Spiral guide channel, 33-Rotary sealing joint, 34-Blade, 4-Time-sequential coordinating controller, 5-Dissolved oxygen sensor, 6-Sludge return component, 61-Submersible pump, 62-U-shaped return pipe, 7-Multi-frequency ultrasonic transducer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.

[0027] Example 1 like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment relates to a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device, the core of which lies in the dynamic coordinated operation of the aeration and mixing components through a time-series coordinated controller. The main body of the device is a rectangular reaction tank, constructed with cast concrete to withstand long-term hydraulic loads. At the bottom plane of the reaction tank, microporous aeration components are fixedly installed in a specific spatial layout: multiple disc aerator units form a parallel air path network through corrosion-resistant PVC pipes. These aeration units are arranged in a concentric array on the concrete base plate, with equal spacing between adjacent units to ensure uniform gas distribution. The central hole of the aeration unit is connected to the air supply pipeline via a flange seal, and the air source interface is located on the outside of the tank wall for easy maintenance. The main structure of the mixing component is a rotating shaft system that vertically penetrates the geometric center of the aeration unit; the mixing blades adopt a three-bladed swept-back design, with the blade projection area accounting for 25%-30% of the cross-section of the reaction tank, ensuring moderate fluid shear force.

[0028] The timing-coordinated controller, serving as the system's central hub, comprises an embedded processor unit and a multi-channel relay module, housed within a waterproof electrical enclosure. The controller connects to the valve actuator of the microporous aeration assembly via a first signal link, specifically through an RS485 communication bus connected to the solenoid valve control terminal; and to the frequency converter driver of the stirring assembly via a second signal link, using a 4-20mA analog signal to regulate the rotation speed. The dissolved oxygen sensor, a critical feedback element, is fixed to a depth of 0.5-1 meter below the liquid surface using a suspended stainless steel bracket. This depth, determined through fluid simulation, represents the region of abrupt changes in oxygen concentration gradient. The sensor probe is covered with a magnetically shielded protective cover to prevent biofilm adhesion. The internal electrodes utilize a silver chloride reference system, and the measurement signal is transmitted to the controller's analog input port via a twisted-pair shielded cable. In this embodiment, the magnetically shielded protective cover is made of titanium alloy.

[0029] When the device is running, after wastewater is injected into the reaction tank through the inlet valve, the timing controller starts a preset program: During the aeration stage, the controller activates the air valve actuator, and compressed air is released through the disc aerator to form a cluster of microbubbles with a diameter of 1-3 mm. At this time, the stirring components are stationary, and the rising speed of the bubbles in the still water is slowed down, prolonging the gas-liquid contact time. When switching to the stirring stage, the controller shuts off the aeration and starts the variable frequency drive. The stirring paddle rotates at 30-50 rpm to form an axial circulation, promoting the mixing of sludge and wastewater. The ratio of aeration to stirring time within a single treatment cycle is adjustable from 1:1 to 3:1 through the controller's human-machine interface. This ratio range is determined based on experiments on the phosphorus release / uptake cycle of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria. During the sedimentation stage, the sludge return component is activated, and the submersible pump pumps the sludge from the sedimentation zone back to the reaction zone through a U-shaped pipe connected by a flange joint. The return ratio is controlled between 20% and 40%.

[0030] This solution employs a concentric array aeration layout, improving oxygen mass transfer efficiency by approximately 15% compared to random distribution. The swept-back impellers create a stable flow field at low speeds, preventing high shear forces from damaging sludge flocs. Deep positioning of the dissolved oxygen sensor ensures that monitored values ​​represent the actual operating conditions in the reaction zone, and the titanium alloy protective cover extends the probe's lifespan to more than twice that of conventional ceramic covers. The core innovation of the timing control lies in breaking away from traditional fixed timing patterns. It adapts to fluctuations in influent load by dynamically adjusting the aeration / mixing ratio; for example, it automatically increases the aeration ratio when influent has high ammonia nitrogen content, and extends the mixing time to promote denitrification when influent has a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio.

[0031] Those skilled in the art can further replace the disc aerator with a tubular aerator, maintaining the concentric circle layout but adjusting the pipe spacing; the agitator blades can be replaced with a 45° angled folding turbine type to enhance the radial flow field under the same power consumption; the dissolved oxygen sensor bracket can be designed with an adjustable angle to adapt to different water depth conditions. These variations all retain the core architecture of time-series coordinated control, solving the fundamental contradiction between inhibited denitrification and high energy consumption in traditional processes through the dynamic coordination of aeration and agitation.

[0032] In actual operation, the rectangular reaction tank of this embodiment is formed by cast-in-place reinforced concrete, with a length-to-width ratio controlled between 1.5:1 and 2:1 to optimize the hydraulic flow. During installation, aeration component fixing bases are first pre-embedded at the bottom of the tank: three sets of H-shaped steel beams are arranged equidistantly along the length of the tank, and stainless steel mounting plates are welded onto the steel beams. Disc aerator units are fastened to the mounting plates with clamps, and the units are connected in parallel using acid- and alkali-resistant rubber hoses. The drive mechanism of the mixing component is coaxially mounted on the disc aerator, with swept-back blades installed at the lower end of the mixing shaft. The bottom of the blades is maintained at a distance of 1 / 6 of the effective water depth from the bottom of the tank to ensure sufficient suspension of the bottom sludge.

[0033] The operation begins with the wastewater injection stage: After the inlet valve is opened, raw water flows evenly into the front end of the reaction tank through the distribution tank, and the liquid level sensor triggers the controller to start the timing program. In the initial stage of aeration, the controller opens the first set of solenoid valves, and compressed air is distributed to the aeration unit through the main pipeline. The gas forms a cluster of bubbles with a diameter of 1-3 mm through the micropores of the disc aerator. At this time, the dissolved oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen concentration at a depth of 0.8 meters below the liquid surface in real time. When the detected value reaches the 2 mg / L threshold, the controller automatically extends the duration of this stage by 10%-15% to enhance nitrification. Immediately after aeration ends, the system switches to the stirring stage: the variable frequency drive increases the stirring shaft speed to 45 rpm within 30 seconds using a ramp start method. The impellers push the fluid to form an axial circulation from the bottom to the surface of the tank, promoting the utilization of residual carbon sources by denitrifying bacteria. When the dissolved oxygen concentration drops below 0.5 mg / L in this stage, the controller terminates the stirring early and enters the sedimentation process.

[0034] During the sedimentation stage, the sludge return assembly begins operation: the submersible pump at the inclined wall of the sedimentation zone starts, pumping the concentrated sludge to the head of the reaction tank through a U-shaped pipe. At this time, the controller automatically adjusts the return ratio according to the influent load: maintaining a 20% return ratio during low-load periods (COD < 200 mg / L) and increasing it to 35% during high-load periods (COD > 400 mg / L) to reduce sludge age. Throughout the entire operating cycle, the time-series controller continuously records the dissolved oxygen curve changes. When a decrease in nitrification rate is detected, the aeration / stirring time ratio is automatically adjusted from 2:1 to 2.5:1. This dynamic adjustment mechanism can handle fluctuations in influent ammonia nitrogen concentration of ±30%.

[0035] In practical applications, the rectangular tank body combined with the end inlet design reduces short-circuiting by approximately 40%. The matrix layout of the aeration units forms a uniform air cushion layer at the bottom of the tank, increasing oxygen utilization by 12%-18% compared to the traditional single-sided aeration mode. The rigid connection structure of the stirring shaft prevents operational sway, and the flexible coupling absorbs starting impact, extending the mechanical seal life to over 8000 hours.

[0036] Example 2 like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, this embodiment, while retaining the timing control framework of Embodiment 1, achieves structural innovation through integrated aeration and mixing with acoustic sedimentation enhancement. Multiple mounting beams are arranged along the length of the concrete base of the rectangular reaction tank. The disc aerator units of the microporous aeration assembly are fixed to pre-set positioning holes on the beams with bolts, forming a concentric array layout. The mixing assembly is structurally reconstructed: a hollow turbine structure is coaxially assembled in the central hole of each aerator. This turbine is made of integrally cast stainless steel, and its inner cavity is machined with a continuous spiral guide channel. The channel inlet is connected to the aeration pipeline via a rotary sealing joint. Six inclined blades are circumferentially welded to the outer edge of the turbine, with the blade plane forming an acute angle with the horizontal plane, and the blade tip profile maintaining a non-contact gap with the outer edge of the aeration disc.

[0037] In this embodiment, the energy transfer between aeration and stirring is achieved through a magnetic coupling mechanism: the turbine output shaft extends upward to the top platform of the pool, and a ring-shaped permanent magnet is installed at the shaft end; an electromagnetic coil assembly is set at the corresponding position of the drive motor output shaft, and an axial air gap magnetic field is formed between the two. When the compressed gas flows through the spiral guide channel, the tangential component of the airflow acts on the inclined blades to generate a rotational torque, which drives the motor shaft to rotate synchronously through the magnetic lines of force penetrating the air gap.

[0038] The sedimentation zone of the sludge return assembly is integrally cast with reinforced concrete, and a multi-frequency ultrasonic transducer array is embedded in its conical bottom slope. Each transducer unit includes a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator and a metal radiator head. The electrodes of the vibrator are connected to the high-frequency cable core wires by soldering, and the surface of the radiator head is flush with the concrete bottom of the cone. The array units are arranged in an equilateral triangular topology, and the cables converge into the terminal block of the control cabinet through waterproof conduits.

[0039] The timing-coordinated controller adds an ultrasonic drive module, whose hardware interface is expanded as follows: the first signal link controls the opening and closing of the aeration solenoid valve, the second signal link adjusts the magnetic coupling field strength, and the third signal link outputs high-frequency pulses to the transducer array. During device operation, the airflow in the aeration stage forms a vortex in the spiral guide channel, driving the turbine to rotate and driving the magnetic coupling mechanism, so that the stirring power comes directly from the gas pressure energy. In the sedimentation stage, the controller sends a frequency sweep signal to the transducer, the piezoelectric ceramic plate converts the electrical oscillation into mechanical vibration, and the radiator excites rarefaction and compression sound waves at the interface of the sedimentation zone.

[0040] The core advantage of this embodiment stems primarily from the unique configuration of the helical flow channel. Continuous helical ribs machined within the hollow turbine cavity form a unidirectional swirling path. These ribs encircle the turbine axis with a constant pitch, and the inlet end is rigidly connected to the aeration pipeline via a rotary sealing joint. The graphite ring of the sealing joint is compressed between the turbine journal and the air supply steel pipe, utilizing the self-lubricating properties of graphite to accommodate relative rotation. When compressed gas enters the channel, the helical ribs force the airflow to accelerate tangentially along the turbine. When the high-speed airflow impacts the back of the inclined blades, it converts the gas's kinetic energy into rotational mechanical energy. This structural design allows the bubble swarm to acquire circumferential dispersion force the instant it detaches from the aeration disc, significantly improving the localized bubble enrichment phenomenon in traditional devices and achieving a systematic improvement in oxygen mass transfer efficiency.

[0041] The magnetic coupling mechanism eliminates the risk of seal failure through contactless transmission. An annular permanent magnet fixed to the turbine output shaft couples axially with the electromagnetic coil assembly at the drive motor end, maintaining a constant air gap between them. The permanent magnet is integrally molded from a high-remanence material, with its pole distribution precisely aligned with the coil core pole shoes. When the turbine rotates under the reaction force of the gas, the rotating magnetic field penetrates the non-magnetic cover plate at the top of the reaction tank, driving the motor shaft to rotate synchronously. This structure completely eliminates the rotating dynamic seal component penetrating the tank wall, eliminating media leakage channels caused by packing wear. Maintenance procedures require regular checks of the air gap stability to ensure that the magnetic flux transfer efficiency meets the stirring torque requirements.

[0042] The enhanced settling effect of the embedded acoustic array relies on precise geometric positioning. Piezoelectric ceramic vibrators are rigidly connected to the titanium alloy radiator head via conductive adhesive, and the entire unit is embedded in the conical concrete structure of the settling zone, with the radiating surface flush with the bottom of the tank. The array units are distributed in an equilateral triangular topology, and the high-frequency cables of each unit converge into the control cabinet via sealed conduits. When the transducer operates, the inclined surface of the conical bottom guides the main propagation direction of the sound waves towards the sludge settling path, and the rarefaction waves excited by the radiator head form a periodic pressure field at the liquid-solid interface. Sludge particles collide and aggregate more rapidly under the influence of sound pressure fluctuations, and the improved settling efficiency stems from the spatial synergy between the sound field distribution and the gravitational field. The cavitation resistance of the titanium alloy material ensures that the radiator head maintains geometric accuracy under long-term high-frequency vibration. During maintenance, a soft brush is used for physical cleaning to avoid damaging the polarization characteristics of the piezoelectric material with chemical solvents.

[0043] In addition, those skilled in the art can further modify the spiral guide channel into an involute guide groove to optimize the airflow swirl intensity; the permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling mechanism can be replaced with an excitation coil to transmit torque through current regulation; the transducer array can also be arranged in a concentric circle pattern to adapt to different pool structures.

[0044] The actual operation of the device in the rectangular reaction tank in this embodiment begins with the equipment installation phase. During construction, an I-beam base beam is first pre-embedded along the short axis of the concrete tank bottom. The disc aerator unit with an integrated hollow turbine is then bolted to the positioning holes on the beam. Aeration pipelines are connected using flanges to ensure airtightness. The magnetic coupling mechanism of the stirring system requires precise alignment: the permanent magnet assembly at the turbine output shaft end is fixed using a heat-shrink fitting process, and the electromagnetic coil bracket at the drive motor end is adjusted for levelness using a laser positioning instrument to maintain a uniform axial air gap. During the construction of the sedimentation zone, transducer mounting sleeves are pre-embedded. After the piezoelectric ceramic-titanium alloy assembly is embedded, it is sealed with epoxy resin. High-frequency cables are run through conduits to the control cabinet terminal block.

[0045] When the operation starts, wastewater is evenly injected into the front section of the reaction tank through the inlet valve. The sequence controller first enters the aeration stage: the solenoid valve opens, allowing compressed air to enter the hollow turbine through the spiral guide channel. The airflow is constrained by the spiral ribs, forming a high-speed vortex that drives the tilting blades to rotate and activates the magnetic coupling mechanism. At this time, the stirring power comes entirely from the kinetic energy of the gas, and the fluid in the tank forms a swirling circulation under the guidance of the tilting blades. The dissolved oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen concentration at a specific depth below the liquid surface in real time. When the nitrification threshold is reached, the aeration time is automatically extended. After aeration is terminated, the system remains in a static state. When the oxygen concentration drops to the denitrification range, the sequence controller activates the magnetic coupling to supplement the stirring, ensuring a continuous and stable anoxic environment.

[0046] At the start of the sedimentation stage, the timing controller sends high-frequency pulse signals to the transducer array. The piezoelectric ceramic wafer converts electrical oscillations into mechanical vibrations, and the titanium alloy radiator excites density-sparse sound waves at the cone-shaped interface. The sound wave propagation direction is guided by a 30° inclined plane, forming an acute angle with the sedimentation path. Under the influence of sound pressure fluctuations, sludge particles collide and aggregate more rapidly, increasing sedimentation efficiency and leading to the rapid formation of a concentrated sludge layer. A submersible pump returns the sludge to the reaction zone through a U-shaped pipe. The return ratio is dynamically adjusted according to the influent load: the return intensity is increased during periods of high suspended solids concentration, and the return frequency is decreased during periods of low load.

[0047] Practical applications demonstrate that this embodiment significantly optimizes operational stability. The integrated aeration and mixing system eliminates vibration sources from independent motors, reducing eddy currents at the corners of the rectangular tank; the contactless magnetic coupling avoids downtime for maintenance due to seal leaks, significantly lowering the annual failure rate; the conical bottom-embedded transducer ensures the sound field distribution better matches the geometry of the sedimentation zone, improving sludge compaction and reducing the load on the scraper. During high-load operation in the rainy season, the controller automatically increases the gas-driven mixing intensity to compensate for the impact of influent disturbances on the flow pattern; under low-temperature conditions in winter, the ultrasonic resonance frequency is adaptively adjusted to maintain sludge floc aggregation. These characteristics make the device particularly suitable for treating municipal mixed wastewater with large fluctuations in water quality, exhibiting outstanding advantages during operation in the rainy season in southern regions.

[0048] Example 3 This embodiment retains the timing control framework of Embodiment 1, but restructures the implementation of the aeration components and sensor system. The reaction tank body remains a rectangular concrete structure, with a parallel guide rail system pre-embedded at its bottom replacing the fixed base. A slider mechanism is installed at the bottom of the disc aerator unit, which engages with the guide rail through a T-slot to achieve stepless adjustment of the aerator spacing. The stirring component uses the hollow turbine structure from Embodiment 2, but the rotary sealing joint is changed to a double-end mechanical seal design, with the stationary ring made of silicon carbide and the moving ring made of antimony-impregnated graphite, and glycerol lubricant injected into the sealing cavity. The communication bus of the timing controller is expanded to a wired / wireless dual-mode architecture, retaining the RS485 physical interface while adding a LoRa wireless module, with the antenna embedded in the top railing of the tank. The suspended bracket of the dissolved oxygen sensor is changed to an angle-adjustable universal joint structure, and an ultrasonic self-cleaning ring is added to the probe protective cover. The submersible pump impeller of the sludge return component is upgraded to a dual-channel design, with the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe lined with an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear-resistant layer.

[0049] The core innovation of this embodiment lies in three aspects of adaptive improvements: the guide rail system allows the aerator array to switch from a concentric circle layout to a matrix layout, adapting to changes in the inlet position; dual-mode communication frees the sensor network from wiring constraints, with the wireless node battery compartment located in the hollow cavity of the guardrail; the universal joint bracket can adjust the probe's tilt angle to the horizontal plane from 0-60° to meet monitoring needs under different flow conditions. Maintenance advantages are reflected in: individual aerators can be removed for maintenance after the slider locking bolts are disassembled; automatic switching to wired communication occurs in case of wireless module failure; and the self-cleaning ring emits a 40kHz pulse every 2 hours to prevent biofilm adhesion.

[0050] During installation, first calibrate the parallelism of the bottom guide rail. After sliding the aerator unit along the guide rail to the target position, tighten the locking bolts. Wireless communication initialization requires registering each node ID on the controller pairing interface and adjusting the antenna azimuth to point towards the center of the pool. After startup, when a sudden change in influent ammonia nitrogen concentration is detected, the operator can remotely send a command to reorganize the aerator array: loosen the bolts and move the outer units 20-30cm towards the pool wall, forming a denser outer and sparser inner layout to enhance oxygen mass transfer at the edges. During the stirring stage, the rotation monitoring of the hollow turbine is achieved through a wireless vibration sensor. The sensor is magnetically fixed to the turbine housing, and the data is transmitted to the controller via LoRa. If the signal delay exceeds the threshold, the system automatically switches to an RS485 wired link to ensure real-time control.

[0051] Before the sedimentation stage, the controller triggers the dissolved oxygen probe's self-cleaning program: the annular piezoelectric element of the protective cover generates radial vibration waves to peel off attached contaminants. During sludge recirculation, the dual-channel impeller automatically switches flow channels according to sludge viscosity: a large flow channel is activated to prevent clogging at high viscosity, and a small flow channel is switched to increase pressure at low viscosity. Practical applications show that this solution has significant advantages in industrial wastewater treatment: the guide rail reconfiguration function addresses changes in the inlet point, with reconfiguration time only 1 / 5 of the traditional welding solution; wireless communication eliminates the need to damage concrete for wiring during tank modifications; and the universal joint bracket adjusts the probe to a 45° tilt angle in oily wastewater, preventing oil film coverage from causing monitoring distortion.

Claims

1. A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device, characterized in that, include: The reaction tank body; the microporous aeration assembly, whose aeration units are arrayed in the bottom region of the reaction tank body; The stirring assembly has its rotation axis coincide with the geometric center of the aeration unit; A timing coordination controller is connected to the microporous aeration component via a first signal link and to the stirring component via a second signal link. It is configured to control the microporous aeration component and the stirring component to alternately start and stop within a single processing cycle, and to maintain the duration ratio of the aeration phase to the stirring phase within an adjustable range.

2. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous aeration assembly includes multiple disc aerator units, which are fixedly installed on the concrete base plate of the reaction tank body in a concentric array. The disc aerator units are connected in parallel through aeration pipes to form a network of air paths.

3. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring assembly includes a hollow turbine structure coaxially disposed at the center of the disc aerator unit. The hollow turbine has a spiral flow channel inside and is connected to the aeration pipeline through a rotary sealing joint. The outer edge of the turbine is provided with inclined blades at an angle of 30-45 degrees to the horizontal plane.

4. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inclined blades of the hollow turbine are driven to rotate by the gas reaction force during aeration. Their rotation axis is collinear with the blade shaft of the stirring assembly, and the blade shaft is coupled to the drive motor through a magnetic coupling.

5. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The programmable control component includes an embedded processor unit and a multi-channel relay module. The embedded processor unit is connected to a dissolved oxygen sensor, a valve actuator of the microporous aeration component, and a frequency converter of the stirring component via a communication bus.

6. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dissolved oxygen sensor is fixed at a depth of 0.5-1 meter from the liquid surface by a pendant bracket. Its probe end is equipped with a magnetic shielding cover, and is directly connected to the data acquisition port of the embedded processor unit through a shielded signal line set on the magnetic shielding cover.

7. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sludge return assembly, which comprises a submersible pump and a U-shaped return pipe. The suction port of the submersible pump is located on the side wall of the sedimentation zone of the reaction tank body, and the discharge port is sealed to the U-shaped return pipe through a flange joint. A multi-frequency ultrasonic transducer array is embedded at the bottom of the sedimentation zone, and the multi-frequency ultrasonic transducer array is connected to the programmable control assembly through a high-frequency cable.

8. A wastewater treatment method using any one of the sequencing batch reactors (SBR) wastewater treatment devices according to claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Wastewater is introduced into the reaction tank body through the inlet valve; the microporous aeration component is started to operate in intermittent micro-aeration mode; the stirring component is operated to make the fluid form an axial circulation; And the settled sludge is pumped from the settling zone back to the reaction zone through the sludge return assembly.

9. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The operating stirring assembly includes: a spiral guide channel for introducing aeration gas into the hollow turbine, using the gas jet reaction force to drive the turbine to rotate, and simultaneously guiding the fluid to form a swirling circulation through inclined blades.

10. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that, During the sludge return stage, the multi-frequency ultrasonic transducer array is activated to maintain a parallel distance between the transducer emitting surface and the cone bottom plane of the sedimentation zone, and to excite resonant waves through high-frequency pulse signals.

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