Quick-release tower type granulator for granulating high-temperature liquid slag

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick-release tower-type granulator for granulating high-temperature liquid slag, the granulator is integrally of a pagoda-shaped structure and comprises a flow guide top, a flow guide fan blade groove, a tower-type granulating assembly and a power transmission shaft, and the power transmission shaft is sequentially connected with the flow guide top, the flow guide fan blade groove and the tower-type granulating assembly from top to bottom; the bottom of the flow guide top abuts against the flow guide fan blade groove, and the bottom of the flow guide fan blade groove abuts against the tower type granulation assembly. The pelletizer has the advantages that the pelletizer adopts a sectional detachable structure, can be quickly disassembled and assembled, is convenient to disassemble, transport and assemble on site, is convenient to replace an independent damaged part of the pelletizer, and meanwhile, reduces the cost of integrally replacing the pelletizer due to damage. A multi-layer tower structure with a small upper part and a large lower part is adopted, so that high-temperature liquid slag is deformed and spread to form a slag liquid line, the slag is further crushed and splashed to form small liquid drops, and the effect of granulating the high-temperature liquid slag is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of liquid slag granulation technology, and particularly relates to a quick-release tower granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation. Background Technology

[0002] China is the world's largest steel producer. Metallurgical steel slag accounts for approximately 10% to 15% of crude steel production and contains a significant amount of heat. Each ton of liquid slag produced contains about 50 to 60 kg of standard coal equivalent in heat. Based on China's iron production of approximately 1.019 billion tons in 2023, the annual heat carried by slag nationwide exceeds 30 million tons of standard coal equivalent, indicating a vast amount of waste heat resources. The massive production of steel slag not only occupies a large amount of storage space but also severely pollutes the land and surrounding environment. The overall energy utilization rate of steel slag is less than 60%, and a large amount of waste heat and energy remains unrecovered. The potential for waste heat and energy recovery and utilization in steel enterprises is enormous. Researching and applying key technologies for waste heat recovery and utilization is one of the main means of energy conservation and emission reduction in my country's steel industry at present.

[0003] Pretreatment technologies for steel slag include hot pouring, water quenching, air quenching, hot blanching, extrusion crushing, centrifugal granulation, and drum treatment. Currently, the metallurgical industry primarily uses hot blanching, drum treatment, and hot pouring. Hot blanching involves pouring the hot steel slag into a blanching tank after the molten slag has naturally cooled to 300–800°C. The tank is then sealed and allowed to heat evenly for half an hour before intermittent water spraying. The thermal stress generated by rapid cooling causes the slag to crack and break. Simultaneously, a large amount of saturated steam penetrates the slag and reacts with f-CaO and f-MgO, causing localized volume increases and leading to self-disintegration and pulverization. This technology requires a fixed, enclosed blanching chamber with embedded steel billets and an overhead crane workshop, resulting in significant investment and strict operational procedures. A small amount of steam may be generated in the workshop during winter, and the slag treatment time is generally 10–12 hours. The drum treatment technology involves pouring liquefied steel slag into a rotating drum, where the slag tumbles, cools, and solidifies due to the drum's rotation. During rotation, friction between the slag and the drum wall, as well as internal collisions, cause the slag to gradually form granules. This technology results in equipment wear, limited processing capacity, and requires highly fluid slag (it must be a thin, liquid slag). It also has a low slag processing rate, with a significant amount of dry slag still being discharged. Improper operation can lead to explosions. The hot pouring treatment technology involves transporting the slag from the furnace to a hot pouring workshop in slag pots. A crane is used to pour the liquefied slag in layers onto a slag bed. During hot pouring, the surface of the slag layer solidifies due to air cooling, while the internal steel slag continues to cool and crystallize. The expansion of the slag during hot pouring creates cracks in the slag layer, which facilitates subsequent crushing. This technology requires a large area, has a long cooling time, and produces steel slag with uneven particle size.

[0004] Centrifugal granulation technology involves guiding liquefied steel slag discharged from the steelmaking furnace through a specific chute or conveyor onto a high-speed rotating conical granulator. When the slag contacts the high-speed rotating granulator, it is spun into fine droplets under centrifugal force. This technology produces steel slag particles with small and relatively uniform particle sizes, typically controlled within a few millimeters. This allows for better and more uniform mixing with other materials during subsequent utilization, improving product quality and performance. Furthermore, the rapid cooling of the steel slag helps retain its internal mineral structure and active components. In the prior art, patent publication number CN 105624348A discloses a granulator system for granulating liquid slag. This granulator has a disc-shaped structure with its edge at an angle of 15°-60° to the horizontal plane. The outlet angle of the annular air vent is consistent with the inclination angle of the granulator edge, also at an angle of 15-60° to the horizontal plane. This enhances the disturbance at the edge of the rotating cup, accelerates the convective heat transfer of the liquid slag particles, speeds up the cooling rate, and increases the glass fraction. The annular airflow enhances the disturbance at the edge of the rotating cup, improving the granulation effect. The guide cone effectively reduces the impact force of the molten slag. Patent publication number CN 106868238A discloses a granulation system for high-temperature liquid slag. The annular clamp structure at the bottom of this granulation system provides a buffer time when the granulator is damaged, facilitating replacement and reducing the cost of replacing the entire granulation device when a typical granulator is damaged. The granulator base consists of two parts, left and right, which are fixed by pins and clamps, facilitating the installation of granulators with ring clamps. However, its structure is relatively complex, making it inconvenient for quick disassembly and maintenance.

[0005] Currently, the technical challenges and limitations of centrifugal granulation technology in terms of equipment lie in the fact that the granulator, during high-speed rotation, is subjected to intense scouring and wear from high-temperature steel slag, making it prone to damage and wear. Therefore, the maintenance and repair costs are high, requiring regular inspection and replacement of worn parts of the granulating wheel and its auxiliary equipment. In summary, the use of centrifugal granulation technology requires a rotating cone device that is easy to install and operate, provides good granulation results, and allows for flexible layout and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation. Employing a tower structure, the high-temperature liquid slag undergoes deformation and spreads, forming a slag liquid line. The slag further breaks up and splashes into small droplets, achieving the effect of high-temperature liquid slag granulation. The entire structure is detachable, allowing for quick disassembly and easy replacement of worn parts.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A quick-release tower granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation, wherein the granulator is a pagoda-shaped structure, including a flow guide top, a flow guide fan blade groove, a tower granulation component, and a power transmission shaft. The power transmission shaft is connected to the flow guide top, the flow guide fan blade groove, and the tower granulation component from top to bottom. The bottom of the flow guide top abuts against the flow guide fan blade groove, and the bottom of the flow guide fan blade groove abuts against the tower granulation component.

[0009] The bottom of the guide top is provided with a threaded structure, and the guide top is threadedly connected to the power transmission shaft.

[0010] The top of the flow guide is a hemispherical or conical structure.

[0011] The upper part of the power transmission shaft has a stepped shaft structure.

[0012] The power transmission shaft includes a first shoulder, a second shoulder, and a third shoulder from top to bottom. The first shoulder is threaded to the top of the power transmission shaft. There is at least one protrusion between the second shoulder and the first shoulder, and at least one protrusion between the third shoulder and the second shoulder.

[0013] The power transmission shaft between the second and third shoulders is a stepped shaft structure.

[0014] The tower-type granulation component consists of at least two gears, with a tenon and mortise groove in the middle of the gears and helical or straight teeth on the outer edge of the gears.

[0015] The horizontal angle of the helical teeth is 45° to 90°, and the number of teeth is 28 to 32.

[0016] The aforementioned flow-guiding fan blade groove consists of a positioning plate and fan blades. The positioning plate is a circular disc structure with a tenon and mortise groove in the middle. The tenon and mortise groove cooperates with the power transmission shaft. Several fan blades are evenly distributed around the outer edge of the positioning plate, and the fan blades gradually form a pointed structure from the inside to the outside.

[0017] The flow guide top, flow fan blade groove, tower granulation component, and power transmission shaft are coaxially arranged.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The granulator of the present invention adopts a segmented and detachable structure, which can be quickly disassembled and transported, and assembled on site. It is convenient to replace the damaged parts of the granulator, and at the same time reduces the cost of replacing the entire granulator due to damage.

[0020] 2. The granulator of the present invention adopts a multi-layer tower structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom, which causes the high-temperature liquid slag to deform and spread, forming a slag liquid line. The slag is further broken up and splashed to form small droplets, thus achieving the effect of granulation of high-temperature liquid slag.

[0021] 3. The power drive shaft of the granulator of the present invention is connected to other components by thread or plug-in method, which facilitates the quick disassembly, replacement and reassembly of the granulator, giving it unique technical advantages and application prospects in the field of high temperature liquid slag granulation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission shaft.

[0024] Figure 3 This is the front view of the power transmission shaft.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a side view of the power transmission shaft.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the guide top structure.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide fan blade groove.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gear structure of the tower-type granulation component.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the guide top, the guide fan blade groove, and the tower granulation component.

[0030] In the diagram: 1-Guide top 2-Guide fan blade groove 3-Gear one 4-Gear two 5-Gear three 6-Power transmission shaft 7-Threaded structure 8-Positioning piece 9-Fan blade 10-Tenon and tenon groove 61-Protrusion one 62-Protrusion two 63-Thread 64-First shoulder 65-Second shoulder 66-Third shoulder 67-Shoulder. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0032] See Figures 1-8 A quick-release tower granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation is disclosed. The granulator has a pagoda-shaped structure and includes a flow guide top 1, a flow guide fan blade groove 2, a tower granulation component, and a power drive shaft 6. The power drive shaft 6 is connected to the flow guide top 1, the flow guide fan blade groove 2, and the tower granulation component from top to bottom. The flow guide top 1, the flow guide fan blade groove 2, the tower granulation component, and the power drive shaft 6 are coaxially arranged. The bottom of the flow guide top 1 abuts against the flow guide fan blade groove 2, and the bottom of the flow guide fan blade groove 2 abuts against the tower granulation component.

[0033] The guide top 1 has a threaded structure 7 at its bottom, and is threadedly connected to the power transmission shaft 6. The top of the guide top 1 is hemispherical or conical, and the edge angle of the guide top 1 is 45° to 90°. The high-temperature liquid slag flows vertically to the guide top 1, which circumferentially divides the high-temperature liquid slag and deforms and spreads outward under the action of the guide fan blade groove 2 to form a slag liquid line.

[0034] The upper part of the power drive shaft 6 is a stepped shaft structure, and the lower part is a cylindrical smooth rod structure. The lower part of the power drive shaft 6 is connected to the motor. The motor drives the power drive shaft 6 to rotate. The power drive shaft 6 is divided into multiple sections from top to bottom, consisting of a first shoulder 64, a second shoulder 65, and a third shoulder 66, with the upper section being smaller than the lower section. The first shoulder 64 is provided with a thread 63 from the top of the power drive shaft 6 for connecting the guide top 1. There is at least one protrusion 61 between the second shoulder 65 and the first shoulder 64, such as... Figure 3 As shown, four protrusions 61 are evenly distributed radially along the power transmission shaft 6, and four tenon and mortise grooves 10 are provided in the middle of the gear 3 that are matched with them. At least one protrusion 62 is provided between the third shoulder 66 and the second shoulder 65, and the protrusion 62 cooperates with the tenon and mortise grooves 10 in the middle of the gear 4.

[0035] The tower-type granulation assembly is a pyramid-shaped stacked structure that grows from small to large. It can be composed of two gears (gear 1, 3; gear 2, 4). A tenon-and-mortise groove 10 is provided in the middle of the gears, and helical or spur teeth are provided on the outer edge of the gears. If helical gears are used, the horizontal angle of the helical teeth is 45°–90°, and the number of teeth is 28–32. The tower-type granulation assembly is connected to the power transmission shaft 6 via the tenon-and-mortise groove 10, and its axial position is limited by a shaft shoulder.

[0036] The flow guide fan blade groove 2 consists of a positioning plate 8 and fan blades 9. The positioning plate 8 is a disc structure with a tenon and mortise groove 10 in the middle. The tenon and mortise groove 10 mates with the protrusion 61 of the power transmission shaft 6. The thickness of the positioning plate 8 is determined by the temperature and viscosity of the high-temperature liquid slag and the particle size of the granulated product to be obtained. Several fan blades 9 are evenly distributed around the outer edge of the positioning plate 8, with a number of 28 to 32 fan blades 9. The fan blades 9 have a plate-like structure and gradually form a pointed structure from the inside to the outside, which facilitates the deformation and spreading of the liquid slag in all directions. The flow guide fan blade groove 2 is sleeved with the power transmission shaft 6 through the tenon and mortise groove 10, and its axial position is defined by the first shoulder 64.

[0037] The tower-type granulation assembly can employ three or more gears, with a stepped shaft structure between the second shoulder 65 and the third shoulder 66 of the corresponding power drive shaft 6. Gears 1-3, 2-4, and 3-5, with outer diameters increasing from smallest to largest, are respectively installed between the second shoulder 65 and the first shoulder 64, and between the third shoulder 66 and the second shoulder 65. Gear 1-3 and the guide fan blade groove 2 can be simultaneously installed between the second shoulder 65 and the first shoulder 64. If more gears are used, more shoulders 67 are sequentially arranged on the power drive shaft 6. The tower-type granulation assembly is designed with the number of layers to accommodate different flow rates of molten slag, and uses gears with tenon and mortise grooves for quick and convenient replacement of damaged gears in different locations. Using helical gears provides a larger contact area with the molten slag, resulting in better granulation of the slag.

[0038] The length of the quick-release tower granulator used for high-temperature liquid slag granulation is designed according to the overall height of the granulation system. The upper section of the granulator is threaded to the guide top 1, which further serves to fix the overall granulator. The upper section of the power drive shaft 6 is fixed to the guide fan blade groove 2 and the tower granulation component with tenon and mortise joints. The lower section of the power drive shaft 6 is connected to the motor for transmission.

[0039] When the quick-release tower granulator is working, the motor first drives the quick-release tower granulator to rotate at high speed. The high-temperature liquid slag flows to the top of the guide 1, and is diverted through the guide fan blade groove 2 and the multi-layer tower granulation components. It deforms and spreads in all directions to form a slag liquid line. Through heat transfer, it becomes slag particles with a hard outer surface.

[0040] The granulator of this invention adopts a segmented, detachable structure, enabling quick disassembly and assembly, facilitating disassembly and transportation, on-site reassembly, and easy replacement of individual damaged parts of the granulator, while reducing the cost of replacing the entire granulator due to damage. The granulator employs a multi-layered tower structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom, causing the high-temperature liquid slag to deform and spread, forming a slag liquid line. The slag is further broken up and splashed into small droplets, achieving the effect of granulation of high-temperature liquid slag.

Claims

1. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation, characterized in that, The granulator is a pagoda-shaped structure, including a guide top, a guide fan blade groove, a tower-type granulation component, and a power transmission shaft. The power transmission shaft is connected to the guide top, the guide fan blade groove, and the tower-type granulation component from top to bottom. The bottom of the guide top abuts against the guide fan blade groove, and the bottom of the guide fan blade groove abuts against the tower-type granulation component.

2. The quick-release tower granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the guide top is provided with a threaded structure, and the guide top is threadedly connected to the power transmission shaft.

3. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the flow guide is a hemispherical or conical structure.

4. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the power transmission shaft has a stepped shaft structure.

5. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The power transmission shaft includes a first shoulder, a second shoulder, and a third shoulder from top to bottom. The first shoulder is threaded to the top of the power transmission shaft. There is at least one protrusion between the second shoulder and the first shoulder, and at least one protrusion between the third shoulder and the second shoulder.

6. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power transmission shaft between the second and third shoulders is a stepped shaft structure.

7. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tower-type granulation component consists of at least two gears, with a tenon and mortise groove in the middle of the gears and helical or straight teeth on the outer edge of the gears.

8. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The horizontal angle of the helical teeth is 45° to 90°, and the number of teeth is 28 to 32.

9. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned flow-guiding fan blade groove consists of a positioning plate and fan blades. The positioning plate is a circular disc structure with a tenon and mortise groove in the middle. The tenon and mortise groove cooperates with the power transmission shaft. Several fan blades are evenly distributed around the outer edge of the positioning plate, and the fan blades gradually form a pointed structure from the inside to the outside.

10. A quick-release tower-type granulator for high-temperature liquid slag granulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide top, flow fan blade groove, tower granulation component, and power transmission shaft are coaxially arranged.

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