High-temperature flue gas heat tracing structure of raw gas dust removal device
By using a high-temperature flue gas heating structure combining refractory material masonry and thin metal plates, the problem of equipment blockage caused by tar condensation and precipitation was solved, achieving low-cost and high-efficiency dust removal of raw coal gas.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511274973.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively prevent the condensation and precipitation of tar in the raw coal gas produced by the pyrolysis of low-rank coal, which leads to blockage of dust removal devices, and high-temperature dust removal devices are also expensive.
A low-cost heat tracing structure combining refractory masonry and thin metal plates is used to maintain the inner wall temperature of the dust removal device through a high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer, preventing tar condensation, and reducing heat loss by combining with a heat insulation layer.
It achieves efficient separation of dust and tar in raw coal gas, reduces the material cost and operational stability of dust removal equipment, avoids equipment blockage, and reduces engineering construction costs.
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Figure CN120960894A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of coal chemical industry, oil shale and biomass pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a high-temperature flue gas heat tracing structure of a raw coal gas dust removal device. BACKGROUND
[0002] China is rich in coal and poor in oil, and coal resources are relatively abundant. However, at present, most of the coal resources are directly used as fuel for power generation. On the other hand, with the rapid growth of China's economy, the demand for fuel oil is increasing, so many domestic research institutes and enterprises have developed pulverized coal (or oil shale) pyrolysis upgrading processes, and some of the process devices have been industrialized. The coal tar with high added value and rich hydrogen component extracted before coal combustion or gasification is of great significance for comprehensive utilization of coal resources, reduction of nitrogen oxide and sulfide emissions in waste gas, increase of coal added value, and increase of raw material sources for fuel oil production. However, although there are many pulverized coal pyrolysis processes developed in China, they all have the problem of high dust content in the oil gas produced by pyrolysis. When the pyrolysis gas is condensed, dust enters the oil and water, forming water-in-oil type float, and oil, water and solid (dust) are difficult to separate. The high added value coal tar produced by pyrolysis cannot be recovered and used, but becomes oil sludge, which is easy to cause blockage of equipment, pipes and valves, and cannot be operated stably for a long period, thereby restricting the development of the pulverized coal pyrolysis process for extracting coal tar.
[0003] The commonly used high-temperature raw coal gas dry dust removal technologies include particle bed dust collector, cyclone separator, electric dust collector, ceramic tube dust collector and bag dust collector. The particle bed dust collector and the cyclone separator have low dust removal efficiency and cannot meet the final requirement of raw coal gas dust removal and purification, but can only be used as a pre-dust remover. The dust removal efficiency of the electric dust collector is significantly reduced at high temperature, and cannot meet the requirement. The ceramic tube dust collector and the bag dust collector have high dust removal efficiency, but the pyrolysis raw coal gas contains tar and other sticky substances which are easy to condense and stick to the ceramic filter element and the filter bag, causing blockage of the ceramic filter element and the filter bag, and making it difficult to regenerate and maintain. Even if high-pressure backflushing is used, it is also difficult to remove the sticky substances that have been adhered. Therefore, how to prevent tar from condensing and precipitating in the raw coal gas is a difficulty in the low-rank coal pyrolysis raw coal gas dust removal.
[0004] Among the technologies for preventing tar from condensing and precipitating in the raw coal gas, for example, Figure 1As shown, by forming a space between the outer wall of the dust removal device and the inner surface of the heat tracing structure, high-temperature flue gas is introduced as a heat tracing medium to heat the dust removal device to a temperature not lower than the temperature of the raw coal gas processed by the dust removal device, so as to prevent the problem of tar condensation due to the temperature reduction of the inner wall of the dust removal device being higher than the temperature of the flue gas outside the wall. With this technical solution, the wall panels of the dust removal device need to be used normally in a high-temperature flue gas environment for a long time. For raw coal gas generated by low-rank coal pyrolysis, the temperature is usually around 450℃-600℃, so the high-temperature heat tracing flue gas needs to be not lower than 450℃, often reaching 500℃-600℃ or above, so the wall panels of the dust removal device need to be made of heat-resistant steel with a certain thickness, often resulting in a doubled cost of the dust removal device. Therefore, how to use a low-cost heat preservation and heat tracing structure is another difficulty in the dust removal of raw coal gas generated by low-rank coal pyrolysis. SUMMARY
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a raw coal gas dust removal device high-temperature flue gas heat tracing structure, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, effectively reduces the cost of the dust removal device while preventing tar condensation in the raw coal gas, and realizes the continuous and stable operation of the high-efficiency dust and tar-containing gas separation system in the raw coal gas generated by low-rank coal pyrolysis.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application realizes the following technical solutions:
[0007] A raw coal gas dust removal device high-temperature flue gas heat tracing structure, comprising a masonry structure layer, a high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer and an insulation layer, the masonry structure layer is arranged at the innermost side of the structure to replace the original outer wall of the dust removal device, the insulation layer is arranged outside the masonry structure layer, the high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer is arranged between the insulation layer and the masonry structure layer, the high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer is a channel for high-temperature heat tracing flue gas, the temperature of the high-temperature heat tracing flue gas is not lower than the temperature of the raw coal gas in the dust removal device, the insulation layer is composed of a structure support, an insulation layer and a metal isolation layer, the metal isolation layer is a heat-resistant thin steel plate, and the structure support is composed of a plain carbon steel plate and a profile frame.
[0008] Further, the masonry structure layer is a fully enclosed structure formed by masonry of refractory bricks or a fully enclosed structure formed by casting of refractory materials.
[0009] Further, the inner side and / or the outer side of the masonry structure layer is tightly covered with a layer of heat-resistant thin steel plate.
[0010] Further, the material of the heat-resistant thin steel plate is any one of 310S, 2520 and 15CrMo, and the thickness is 0.3-2.0mm.
[0011] Further, the insulation layer is a layer of glass fiber, rock wool or silicate fiber, and the thickness is not less than 10mm.
[0012] Further, the thickness of the plain carbon steel plate is 2.5-10mm.
[0013] Further, the profile frame is a grid structure welded by angle steel and / or channel steel, which can maintain sufficient support strength.
[0014] Further, the dust removal device is a cyclone separator or a bag-type dust collector.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1) Since the outer wall of the dust removal device is made of a refractory material masonry structure, the use of heat-resistant steel structure outer wall in the high-temperature flue gas heat tracing environment is avoided, thereby reducing the material cost of the dust removal device;
[0017] 2) Since the heat-resistant metal sheet is arranged on the refractory brick masonry structure, the overall sealing property of the refractory brick masonry structure can be improved, which not only avoids the high-temperature flue gas from entering the dust removal device to adversely affect the composition of the raw coal gas, but also greatly reduces the cost of the dust removal device compared with the conventional dust removal device with a heat-resistant steel structure outer wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a conventional dust removal device heat tracing structure;
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment structure of the present application;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment one of the present application, and the dust removal device is a cyclone separator;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment two of the present application, and the dust removal device is a bag-type dust collector; Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of A in the figure;
[0022] Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged view of B in the figure;
[0023] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged view of B in the figure; Figure 5
[0024] In the figure: 1-masonry structure layer, 2-high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer, 3-thermal insulation layer, 4-metal sheet, 5-dust removal device, 6-heat tracing structure, 7-high-temperature flue gas, 31-metal isolation layer, 32-thermal insulation layer, 33-structure support body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other accompanying drawings without creative labor on the basis of these accompanying drawings.
[0027] The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application.
[0028] See Figure 2 , is a structure schematic diagram of a high-temperature flue gas heat tracing structure of a raw gas dust removal device, comprising a masonry structure layer 1, a high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer 2 and an insulation layer 3. The masonry structure layer 1 is arranged at the innermost side of the structure to replace the original outer wall of the dust removal device 5. The insulation layer 3 is arranged outside the masonry structure layer 1, and its outer wall directly contacts with the outdoor atmosphere or the atmosphere at the installation position of the raw gas dust removal device. The high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer 2 is arranged between the insulation layer 3 and the masonry structure layer 1. The high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer 2 is a passage for high-temperature heat tracing flue gas, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is not lower than the temperature of the raw gas in the dust removal device 5, which can effectively maintain the temperature of the outer wall of the dust removal device. The insulation layer 3 is composed of a structure support body 33, an insulation layer 32 and a metal isolation layer 31. The metal isolation layer 31 is a heat-resistant thin steel plate, which is made of heat-resistant steel to effectively protect the insulation layer 32 outside. The insulation layer 32 is made of low-thermal-conductivity insulation material, which can effectively reduce the heat loss of the high-temperature heat tracing flue gas in the high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer 2 to the outside, and reduce the temperature of the outer surface of the insulation layer 32. The structure support body 33 arranged outside the insulation layer 32 can be made of ordinary metal material, without the need of using expensive heat-resistant steel material, thereby effectively reducing the construction cost. The dust removal device in the embodiment of the present application performs normal process to complete dust removal and purification, and the coal gas purified by the dust removal and purification is discharged through the outlet.
[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, the structural support 33 is composed of a carbon steel plate and a profile frame, the thickness of the carbon steel plate is 2.5-10 mm. The profile frame is composed of angle steel and / or channel steel, and is spliced and welded to maintain sufficient support strength. The structure of the structural support 33 is a conventional frame structure in the industry, and will not be described again. The heat insulation layer 32 is a glass fiber, rock wool or silicate fiber layer, and the thickness is not less than 10 mm. The material of the heat-resistant thin steel plate is any one of 310S, 2520 and 15CrMo, and the thickness is 0.3-2.0 mm, preferably 0.6 mm.
[0030] The dust removal device 5 is a cyclone separator or a bag-type dust collector. The masonry structure layer 1 is a fully enclosed structure formed by masonry of refractory bricks or a fully enclosed structure formed by casting of refractory materials. The inner side and / or the outer side of the masonry structure layer 1 is tightly covered with a layer of heat-resistant thin steel plate 4.
[0031] See Figures 3-4 When the metal thin plate 4 is arranged on the outer surface of the masonry structure layer 1 of the refractory bricks, effective isolation is formed between the high-temperature heat tracing flue gas and the raw coal gas, preventing mutual communication and penetration of the two gases, and at the same time, the erosion and wear of the inner side of the masonry structure layer 1 by the dust in the high-temperature raw coal gas can be avoided.
[0032] See Figures 5-6 When the metal thin plate 4 is arranged on the inner surface of the masonry structure layer 1 of the refractory bricks, effective isolation is formed between the high-temperature heat tracing flue gas and the raw coal gas, preventing mutual communication and penetration of the two gases. Since the space in the dust removal device (bag-type dust collector or cyclone dust collector) is spacious and the flow rate of the raw coal gas is low, the erosion and wear of the inner side of the metal thin plate 4 by the dust in the high-temperature raw coal gas can be avoided.
[0033] Since the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas in the high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer 2 is not lower than the temperature of the raw coal gas, the raw coal gas in the masonry structure layer 1 will not lose heat outward through the masonry structure layer 1, so the raw coal gas will not cause a large amount of tar to precipitate due to temperature reduction, effectively avoiding the problem that the raw coal gas dust removal facility is blocked and fails due to tar precipitation.
[0034] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A high-temperature flue gas heating structure for a raw coal gas dust removal device, characterized in that, The system includes a masonry structure layer, a high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer, and a thermal insulation layer. The masonry structure layer is located on the innermost side of the structure, replacing the original outer wall of the dust removal device. The thermal insulation layer is located on the outer side of the masonry structure layer. The high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer is located between the thermal insulation layer and the masonry structure layer, and the high-temperature flue gas heat tracing layer serves as a channel for the high-temperature heat-tracing flue gas. The temperature of the high-temperature heat-tracing flue gas is not lower than the temperature of the raw coal gas in the raw coal gas dust removal device. The thermal insulation layer consists of a structural support, an insulation layer, and a metal isolation layer. The metal isolation layer is made of heat-resistant thin steel plate, and the structural support consists of ordinary carbon steel plate and a profile frame.
2. The high-temperature flue gas heating structure for a raw coal gas dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The masonry structure layer is a fully enclosed structure made of refractory bricks or a fully enclosed structure cast from refractory materials.
3. The high-temperature flue gas heating structure for a raw coal gas dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner and / or outer sides of the masonry structure layer are tightly covered with a layer of heat-resistant thin steel plate.
4. The high-temperature flue gas heating structure for a raw coal gas dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-resistant thin steel plate is made of any one of 310S, 2520, or 15CrMo, and has a thickness of 0.3-2.0 mm.
5. The high-temperature flue gas heating structure for a raw coal gas dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer is a glass fiber, rock wool, or silicate fiber layer with a thickness of not less than 10 mm.
6. The high-temperature flue gas heating structure for a raw coal gas dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the carbon steel plate is 2.5-10mm.
7. The high-temperature flue gas heating structure for a raw coal gas dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The profile frame is a grid structure welded from angle steel and / or channel steel, maintaining sufficient support strength.
8. The high-temperature flue gas heating structure for a raw coal gas dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal device is a cyclone separator or a bag filter.