Beam bridge two-way self-resetting anti-seismic device and method with multi-stage anti-seismic function

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering earthquake resistance, and particularly relates to a bridge bidirectional self-resetting earthquake-resistant device and method with a multistage earthquake-resistant function, the bridge bidirectional self-resetting earthquake-resistant device comprises an upper sliding cover plate and a lower fixing base, the upper sliding cover plate is provided with a convex block, the lower fixing base is provided with a groove, and the convex block is in sliding connection with the groove; when the support is normally used and the earthquake force is smaller than the elastic deformation force of the plate-type rubber support, the support is normally used through the shape of the plate-type rubber support, and when the earthquake force is larger than the elastic deformation force of the plate-type rubber support, the upper sliding cover plate and the lower fixing base slide relatively. When the earthquake force is continuously increased, the inclination angle formed by the protruding block of the upper sliding cover plate and the groove of the lower fixing base is used for resisting the earthquake force, and self-resetting of the main beam is achieved through the self-weight effect. A support sliding shock insulation mechanism is fully utilized, serious damage to bridge piers after an earthquake is avoided, meanwhile, residual displacement of the bridge after longitudinal and transverse earthquakes is reduced, beam falling is avoided, and the shock resistance toughness of the bridge under a large earthquake is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of bridge engineering anti-seismic technology, and particularly relates to a beam bridge bidirectional self-resetting anti-seismic device and method with multi-stage anti-seismic function. BACKGROUND

[0002] In small and medium span highway beam bridges, plate rubber bearings are widely used due to their simple structure, economic reliability, convenient installation and replacement and other characteristics. Since the plate rubber bearings are generally placed directly on the cushion stone, and the main beam is directly placed on the bearings, there is a lack of fixing measures between the three. Under the action of an earthquake, the bearings and the beam body often slide relative to each other. In order to ensure the anti-seismic safety of the plate rubber bearings and prevent the longitudinal and transverse landing of the main beam, reinforced concrete blocks are usually arranged on both sides of the bent cap or the coping. In the Wenchuan earthquake and other earthquakes, the seismic isolation effect of the bearing sliding of small and medium span beam bridges significantly reduces the damage rate of the beam bridge piers. However, due to the lack of reset capability of the bearings, the residual displacement of the main beam is too large, which seriously affects the post-earthquake recoverable seismic performance of the bridge. In some important bridges, although some rubber seismic isolation bearings such as lead rubber bearings and high-damping rubber bearings are used, the seismic performance of the bridge can be significantly improved. However, such special seismic isolation bearings are expensive and complex in design, and it is difficult to use them on a large scale in small and medium span bridges in China, especially in medium and low seismic intensity areas. The use of special seismic isolation bearings will significantly increase the engineering cost and the post-earthquake replacement or repair cost, and the economic efficiency is poor. From a large number of actual earthquake damage investigations, it is also found that the reinforced concrete blocks have weak strength, low ductility and no energy dissipation capacity. Under the action of an earthquake, they not only hinder the play of the flexibility of the plate rubber bearings and increase the seismic response of the lower structure, but also lose the displacement limiting effect on the main beam and the bearings due to brittle shear failure, thereby causing the longitudinal and transverse landing of the main beam and even serious beam falling phenomenon. At present, due to the lack of guidance of design specifications, the reinforced concrete blocks on the bridges in China are usually designed randomly, with low strength and different sizes. It can be seen that the traditional plate rubber bearing + reinforced concrete block constraint system cannot avoid the problems of excessive residual displacement of the main beam and beam falling.

[0003] Currently, an existing design, CN117266008A, describes a large-displacement bridge self-resetting bearing and bridge structure. Both the upper and lower bearings utilize a sliding contact between sliders and grooves, with elastic elements at both ends of the sliders. This combines a friction pendulum bearing structure with elastic elements, providing a fixed sliding path for the upper and lower sliders. Furthermore, the combined action of the friction pendulum and the ring spring significantly dissipates seismic forces, giving the bearing a strong self-resetting capability and reducing seismic forces on the main beam and piers. This bearing can accommodate large fault displacements or relative displacements between piers and beams, releasing internal forces and effectively addressing the problem of bearing system failure and main beam collapse due to large displacements under strong near-fault earthquakes. The main beam and cap beam of the bridge structure are connected by this large-displacement bridge self-resetting bearing, exhibiting high energy dissipation and post-earthquake self-resetting capabilities.

[0004] However, there is also a problem: the device is expensive and many parts need to be customized. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This solution provides a bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance to address the problem of excessive cost.

[0006] This solution provides a bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance, including:

[0007] Upper sliding cover plate: The upper sliding cover plate is fixedly connected to the bridge;

[0008] Lower fixed base: The lower fixed base is fixedly connected to the cover beam;

[0009] The upper sliding cover plate is slidably connected to the lower fixed base;

[0010] The upper sliding cover plate is provided with a protrusion, and the lower fixed base is provided with a groove. The protrusion and the groove are slidably connected and cooperate with each other.

[0011] The groove includes a horizontal section and an inclined section, and the horizontal section and the inclined section are fixedly connected.

[0012] The principle behind this design is as follows: In the initial stage, when the earthquake is relatively small, the system operates in Level 1 seismic resistance mode. When seismic waves cause lateral or longitudinal swaying of the bridge, the upper sliding cover plate begins to slide relative to the lower fixed base. The protrusions slide along the grooves, guiding the bridge along a predetermined trajectory and avoiding additional damage caused by disordered swaying. This sliding mechanism can dissipate some of the seismic energy, reducing the direct impact on the main bridge structure.

[0013] If the intensity of the vibration increases, exceeding the bearing range of the first level sliding mechanism, the system enters the second level anti-seismic mode. The protruding block will slide to the inclined block of the groove, at which time the gravitational component needs to be overcome, providing greater resistance, the structural stiffness is significantly increased, limiting excessive displacement, preventing the bridge from falling off or overturning. After the earthquake stops, it returns under its own gravity.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present scheme are that the present scheme relies entirely on mechanical structure + gravity to achieve energy dissipation and reset, which is a passive intelligent structure, safe and reliable, and low maintenance cost. At the same time, the protruding block and the groove are metal processed parts, the structure is simple, suitable for factory prefabrication, and convenient for on-site installation.

[0015] Further, the protruding block includes a protruding block horizontal segment and a protruding block inclined segment, the protruding block horizontal segment and the protruding block inclined segment are fixedly connected, the protruding block horizontal segment is smaller than the groove horizontal segment in width, and the protruding block inclined segment is higher than the groove inclined segment.

[0016] The protruding block horizontal segment is smaller than the groove horizontal segment in width, providing a moderate degree of freedom; the protruding block inclined segment is higher than the groove inclined segment, providing stronger limiting and energy dissipation capacity in a major earthquake.

[0017] Further, it further includes a plate type rubber support, one end of the plate type rubber support is fixedly connected with the upper sliding cover plate, and the other end is fixedly connected with the lower fixed base. The plate type rubber support can provide shock isolation effect, and when the earthquake is small, the plate type rubber support can isolate the shock.

[0018] Further, it further includes an air bag, the air bag is arranged on the lower fixed base, and the air bag cooperates with the upper sliding cover plate. The air bag is a ring-shaped air bag, and after being filled with air, the air bag forms a sealed state with the upper sliding cover plate, so as to block rain and stones from falling into the slide and damaging the internal lubricating structure.

[0019] Further, it further includes a gas cylinder, the gas cylinder is arranged in the lower fixed base, the gas cylinder is in communication with the air bag, and the gas cylinder is used for inhaling or inflating the air bag. When an earthquake occurs, the upper sliding cover plate will slide relative to the air bag, so that the air bag is easily worn and damaged.

[0020] The present scheme adjusts the pressure of the air bag in real time according to the state of the bridge, which can provide sealing protection and shrink when necessary to avoid wear and tear.

[0021] Further, the gas cylinder includes a first buffer plate, a connecting rod, a first piston, a cylinder body and a first spring, the first buffer plate is in sliding connection with the groove, and the first buffer plate cooperates with the protruding block, the first buffer plate is fixedly connected with the first piston through the connecting rod, the first piston is in sliding sealing connection with the cylinder body, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected with the piston, and the other end is fixedly connected with the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is in communication with the air bag.

[0022] Since the cylinder requires manual control, which is quite troublesome, this mechanism allows the protrusion to slide during a strong earthquake. The sliding of the protrusion will push the first buffer plate. When the first buffer plate moves, it will drive the piston to move through the connecting rod. The movement of the piston will cause the cylinder to draw in air, thus causing the airbag to contract and preventing the airbag from being damaged.

[0023] After the earthquake ends, the first buffer plate can also help the protrusions to reset under the action of the first spring.

[0024] The compression of the first spring in this mechanism can dissipate the energy of an earthquake, further reducing the damage caused by the earthquake. At the same time, the first spring can also assist in the reset of the protrusion. Moreover, the cylinder can automatically draw in air during an earthquake, reducing the need for manual intervention.

[0025] Furthermore, there are two cylinders, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protrusion.

[0026] Because earthquakes cause the airbag to sway from side to side, the cylinders are positioned on both sides of the protrusion. Whenever the protrusion sways, the airbag will contract.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes a sacrificial stop block, the bottom of which has a construction joint with the cap beam, the sacrificial stop block and the cap beam are connected by reserved steel bars, and the sacrificial stop block cooperates with the upper sliding cover plate.

[0028] When the earthquake vibration is too strong, the protrusions may be pushed out of the inclined section of the groove. In this case, the sacrificial stop can prevent it. The simple structural design of the sacrificial stop can also ensure that the bridge does not suffer serious beam collapse during super earthquakes, significantly reducing earthquake damage.

[0029] A bidirectional self-resetting seismic resistance method for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance is characterized by the following steps:

[0030] Step S10: During normal use and seismic force F E When the force is less than the elastic deformation force of the plate rubber bearing, the bearing can be used normally due to the deformation of the plate rubber bearing itself.

[0031] Step S20: When the seismic force F E When the force is greater than the elastic deformation force of the plate rubber bearing and equal to the horizontal sliding friction force, the upper sliding cover plate and the lower fixed base slide relative to each other, and the relative sliding forms vibration isolation.

[0032] Step S30: When the seismic force F E When the sliding friction is greater than the horizontal sliding friction, the upper sliding cover will slide on the inclined section and touch the sacrificial stop. By utilizing the self-weight of the main beam and the collision between the main beam and the stop, the main beam will self-reset to the lowest point on the inclined section, avoiding greater residual displacement and beam fall, while ensuring relative sliding to form vibration isolation.

[0033] A multi-level seismic-resistant system and construction method with bidirectional self-resetting function can implement different fortification mechanisms for earthquakes of different magnitudes. Utilizing the self-weight of the superstructure and the angle of the inclined section, it can reduce the residual displacement of the superstructure after an earthquake, effectively prevent beam collapse, and delay and reduce seismic damage to the piers. Furthermore, the sacrificial blocks are easily replaced and installed after an earthquake, bridge displacement is easily reset, and the bridge can be restored to its usability more quickly. This invention fully utilizes the sliding of the superstructure on plate rubber bearings and rationally designs the structure of the self-resetting bearing device, enabling it to function sequentially to achieve a multi-level protection mechanism for longitudinal and transverse seismic resistance of the beam bridge. This controls the residual displacement of the superstructure in both directions, avoids beam collapse damage, and delays pier damage. This multi-level seismic-resistant system with bidirectional self-resetting function is basically similar to the conventional plate rubber bearing beam bridge system. It has a simple structure, low cost, and is convenient to construct and maintain. Compared with typical seismic isolation systems, it has a higher cost-effectiveness and a wider range of applications, showing significant advantages in the numerous small-span beam bridges. This multi-level seismic design significantly improves the safety and resilience of bridges during earthquakes, aligning with the modern concept of "resilient cities." Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation arrangement of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the self-resetting support device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the self-resetting support device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is the first line of defense diagram of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is the second line of defense diagram of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6-1 This is the first stage diagram of the third line of defense of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6-2 This is the second stage diagram of the third line of defense of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0042] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Bridge; 2. Rubber bearing; 3. Self-resetting bearing device; 31. Upper sliding cover plate; 32. Plate rubber bearing; 33. Lower fixed base; 34. Screw; 35. Protrusion; 36. Groove; 4. Cap beam; 5. Sacrificial stop block; 6. Pad stone; 7. Pier; 8. First buffer plate; 9. Airbag; 10. First connecting rod; 11. First spring; 12. First piston; 13. Connecting pipe; 14. Cylinder; 15. Load-bearing box; 16. Second buffer plate; 17. Second piston; 18. Second connecting rod; 19. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0043] As attached Figure 1 As shown:

[0044] This solution provides a bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance, including a bridge 1, plate rubber bearings 32, a self-resetting bearing device 3, a cap beam 4, sacrificial blocks 5, a bearing pad 6, and a pier 7. The bottom of the sacrificial blocks 5 is connected to the top of the cap beam 4 via a wet joint, displacing both sides of the cap beam 4.

[0045] Bridge 1 is a horseshoe-shaped T-beam, with a steel plate at the bottom of the horseshoe shape, which is fixed to the bottom of the horseshoe. There are five T-beams. The T-beams at both ends are connected to the cap beam 4 using self-resetting bearing devices 3, while the middle three T-beams are connected using ordinary rubber bearings 2. The bottom of the ordinary rubber bearings 2 on the three middle T-beams is also equipped with pad stones 6. The upper part of the pad stone 6 has a second groove, the width of which is the same as that of the rubber bearing 2. The lower part of the pad stone 6 is fixed to the top of the cap beam 4. The bottom of the cap beam 4 is supported and fixed by piers 7.

[0046] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown:

[0047] The self-resetting support device 3 is composed of an upper sliding cover plate 31, a middle plate-type rubber support 32, and a lower fixed base 33. The upper sliding cover plate 31 has a protrusion 35, and the lower fixed base 33 has a groove 36. The protrusion 35 and the groove 36 are annular structures with the same center radius. The protrusion 35 slides on the groove 36. The groove 36 includes a horizontal section and an inclined section, which are fixedly connected. The protrusion 35 also includes a horizontal section and an inclined section, which are fixedly connected. The width of the horizontal section is smaller than that of the horizontal section of the groove 36, and the inclined section is higher than that of the inclined section. The plate-type rubber support 32 is located in the middle of the upper sliding cover plate 31 and the lower fixed base 33. Both the groove 36 and the protrusion 35 are coated with lubricant.

[0048] The upper sliding cover plate 31 is provided with a screw 34 for fixing the bridge 1, and the lower fixed base 33 is provided with a screw 34 for fixing the cover beam 4.

[0049] As attached Figure 7 As shown:

[0050] The airbag 9 is mounted on the lower fixed base 33. The airbag 9 is a ring-shaped airbag. After the airbag 9 is fully inflated, it forms a sealed state with the upper sliding cover plate 31, which can prevent rainwater and stones from falling into the slide and causing damage to the internal lubrication structure.

[0051] A load-bearing box 15 is also provided below the lower fixed base 33. A cylinder is provided inside the load-bearing box 15, and the cylinder is connected to the airbag 9 through a connecting pipe 13. The first buffer plate 8 is slidably connected to the groove 36, and the first buffer plate 8 contacts the protrusion 35 under the action of the first spring 11. The first buffer plate 8 is in an inclined position, and the inclination angle is the same as that of the protrusion 35.

[0052] The first buffer plate 8 is fixedly connected to the first piston 12 via a connecting rod. The first piston 12 is slidably and sealed to the cylinder body. One end of the first spring 11 is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cylinder body. The first buffer plate 8, the first piston 12, the first connecting rod 10, and the first spring 11 are arranged around the protrusion 35.

[0053] The second buffer plate 16, the second piston 17, the second connecting rod 18, and the second spring 19 are disposed on the inner side of the protrusion 35. Multiple cylinders 14 may be provided, preferably four groups, located at the front, rear, left, and right positions of the protrusion 35.

[0054] As attached Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6-1 and Figure 6-2 As shown:

[0055] In the first line of defense, if the earthquake magnitude is small, the seismic force (FE) transmitted to the superstructure is small, the load transmitted by the self-resetting bearing device is F1, the self-resetting bearing device undergoes longitudinal and lateral deformation, but the deformation does not exceed the limit deformation (D1) of the plate rubber bearing, and there is no sliding between the plate rubber bearing inside the self-resetting bearing device and the superstructure. At this time, the displacement of the superstructure is less than the gap of the sacrificial stop, and the sacrificial stop device will not be triggered.

[0056] In the second line of defense, the seismic force (FE) transmitted to the superstructure increases, the load transmitted by the self-resetting support device is F2, and longitudinal and lateral sliding displacement occurs between the superstructure and the self-resetting support device, but the sliding displacement does not exceed the horizontal segment distance (D2) of the self-resetting support device. The displacement of the superstructure is less than the gap of the sacrificial block, and the sacrificial block device will not be triggered.

[0057] In the third line of defense, the seismic force (FE) transmitted to the superstructure by the ground motion continues to increase. The load transmitted by the self-resetting support device is F31. The horizontal and inclined sections between the superstructure and the self-resetting support device undergo longitudinal and lateral sliding displacement. The sliding displacement includes the horizontal section distance (D2) of the self-resetting support device and the horizontal section distance (D3) of the inclined section of the self-resetting support device. The sacrificial block is triggered by the collision.

[0058] In the third line of defense, the seismic force (F) transmitted from the ground motion to the superstructure E As the load continues to increase, the load transmitted by the self-resetting support device is F32. The horizontal and inclined sections between the superstructure and the self-resetting support device undergo longitudinal and transverse self-resetting sliding, and the final residual horizontal section distance of the self-resetting support device is (D2).

[0059] Sacrificial stop strength A bn Frictional slip strength A with support LR Strength F of self-resetting support device zri The sum does not exceed the pier strength F pu That is, it meets the following requirements:

[0060] A bn +A LR +F zri ≤0.85F pu

[0061] As attached Figure 1-7 As shown:

[0062] In the first line of defense, if the earthquake magnitude is relatively small, the seismic force (F) transmitted to the superstructure will be limited. E When the load transmitted by the self-resetting bearing device is F1, the self-resetting bearing device 3 undergoes longitudinal and transverse deformation, but the deformation does not exceed the limit deformation (D1) of the plate rubber bearing 32. There is no sliding between the plate rubber bearing 32 inside the self-resetting bearing device 3 and the bridge 1. At this time, the displacement of the bridge 1 is less than the gap of the sacrificial stop 5, and the sacrificial stop 5 device will not be triggered.

[0063] The formula is: F E =F1≤μ1Mg.

[0064] In the second line of defense, the seismic force (F) transmitted from the ground motion to the superstructure E As the load increases, the load transmitted by the self-resetting support device 3 is F2. The bridge 1 and the self-resetting support device 3 experience longitudinal and transverse sliding displacement, but the sliding displacement does not exceed the horizontal section distance (D2) of the self-resetting support device 3. The displacement of the bridge 1 is less than the gap of the sacrificial stop 5, and the sacrificial stop 5 device will not be triggered.

[0065] The formula is: F E =F2=μ1Mg.

[0066] In the third line of defense, the seismic force (F) transmitted from the ground motion to the superstructure E As the load continues to increase, the load transmitted by the self-resetting support device 3 is F. 31 The horizontal and inclined sections of bridge 1 and self-resetting bearing device 3 experience longitudinal and lateral sliding displacement. The sliding displacement includes the horizontal section distance (D2) and the horizontal section distance (D3) of the inclined section of self-resetting bearing device 3. The sacrificial stop block 5 is triggered by the collision. θ is the inclination angle of the groove and the convex groove, μ1 is the friction coefficient between the bearing surface and the bottom surface of the beam, and μ2 is the friction coefficient between the groove and the convex groove of the self-resetting self-weight inclined section.

[0067] The formula is:

[0068] Sacrificeable stop strength (F) bn The following requirements must be met;

[0069] F bn =(0.89ρ v f uv +0.70)A c

[0070] Where, ρ v Indicates the shear reinforcement ratio; A c f represents the base area of ​​the stop block. uv This indicates the ultimate shear strength of the reinforcing steel. The coefficients γ and c for different contact surfaces need to be determined experimentally. For dry construction joints without artificial treatment, it is recommended that γ = 0.89 and c = 0.70.

[0071] In practice, after an earthquake, under a smaller magnitude earthquake, the longitudinal and lateral displacement of bridge 1 occurs through the deformation of the plate bearings. If the deformation does not exceed the rubber thickness of the plate rubber bearing 32, the self-resetting bearing device 3 will not be triggered, forming the first line of defense of the multi-level seismic system. At this time, the airbag 9 is in an inflated state and will contact the upper sliding cover plate 31 to form a relative seal, which can effectively prevent garbage and dust from falling into the groove 36 and causing damage to the internal lubrication structure.

[0072] Under moderate earthquakes, the plate bearings deform beyond the thickness of their rubber layers, and bridge 1 will slide on the plate rubber bearings 32. The longitudinal and transverse sliding of bridge 1 is unrestrained, and the main beam is isolated by frictional sliding on the bearings, thus becoming the second line of defense of the multi-level seismic system.

[0073] The sliding of the protrusion 35 will push the first buffer plate 8. When the first buffer plate 8 moves, it will drive the piston to move through the connecting rod. The movement of the piston will cause the cylinder 14 to draw in air, so that the airbag 9 will contract to prevent the airbag 9 from being damaged.

[0074] Meanwhile, the compression energy of the first spring 11 dissipates the energy during an earthquake, further reducing the damage caused by the earthquake. The first spring 11 can also assist the protrusion 35 in resetting. Moreover, the cylinder 14 can automatically draw air during an earthquake, reducing the need for manual intervention.

[0075] After the earthquake ends, the first buffer plate 8 can assist the protrusion 35 in resetting under the action of the first spring 11, and the airbag 9 will be filled with air under the action of the cylinder 14 to continue sealing.

[0076] When a major or rare earthquake occurs, if the longitudinal and lateral displacement of Bridge 1 exceeds the limit deformation capacity of the self-resetting bearing device 3, Bridge 1 will collide with the sacrificial stop block 5. The main beam will slide along the inclined section of the fixed support at the bottom of the self-resetting bearing device 3. By utilizing the self-weight of Bridge 1 and the angle of the inclined section, the longitudinal and lateral displacement of the main beam of Bridge 1 will be restricted, preventing Bridge 1 from falling off, thus becoming the third line of defense in the multi-level earthquake resistance system.

[0077] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Through the above-mentioned reasonable structural design, the multi-level orderly seismic resistance mechanism can fully play its role in sequence for earthquakes of different magnitudes. Different seismic defense mechanisms will be triggered under different magnitudes of earthquakes. This can not only make full use of the sliding isolation effect of the plate rubber bearing 32 to enhance the self-resetting ability of the superstructure and effectively prevent the superstructure from falling off, but also delay and reduce the seismic damage to the piers, thereby realizing a multi-level orderly seismic isolation and energy dissipation mechanism. At the same time, the sacrificial block 5 proposed in this invention will not cause damage to the cap beam 4 and the abutment cap when it is damaged. After the earthquake, the sacrificial block 5 can be easily replaced and installed, and the bridge 1 can be restored to its usability more quickly. In summary, the advantages of this invention lie in its simple structure and convenient construction. Through simple structural design, it reduces residual displacement, avoids beam collapse damage, reduces maintenance costs, and enables a multi-level orderly seismic isolation and energy dissipation mechanism. The structural system is similar to the conventional plate rubber bearing support system, which is inexpensive, simple in construction, and convenient in construction and maintenance. Compared with typical seismic isolation systems, it has a higher cost performance and a wider range of applications, showing significant advantages in the large number of highway beam bridges.

[0078] 2. This scheme relies entirely on mechanical structure and gravity to achieve energy dissipation and resetting, and belongs to passive intelligent structure. Under occasional earthquakes of different intensities, multiple seismic resistance mechanisms will be activated in an orderly manner, which improves the seismic redundancy of the beam bridge.

[0079] 3. Both the protrusion 35 and the groove 36 are machined metal parts with a simple structure, suitable for factory prefabrication, safe and reliable, with low maintenance costs and convenient on-site installation.

[0080] 4. Compared to traditional anti-fall beam devices, this invention utilizes the self-weight of the main beam to achieve a deliberately smaller residual displacement of the main beam during a major earthquake, thus preventing beam collapse.

[0081] 5. Compared with traditional limit block devices, the present invention makes full use of the support sliding vibration isolation mechanism to avoid serious damage to the pier column.

[0082] 6. When the airbag 9 is fully inflated, it forms a seal with the upper sliding cover 31, preventing rainwater and stones from falling into the slide and damaging the internal lubrication structure. During an earthquake, its contraction prevents damage to the airbag 9. 6. The compression of the first spring 11 in this design dissipates energy during an earthquake, further reducing damage. Simultaneously, the first spring 11 assists in the reset of the protrusion 35. Furthermore, the cylinder 14 can automatically draw air during an earthquake, reducing the need for manual intervention.

[0083] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance, comprising: Upper sliding cover plate (31): The upper sliding cover plate (31) is fixedly connected to the bridge (1); Lower fixed base (33): The lower fixed base (33) is fixedly connected to the cover beam (4); The upper sliding cover (31) is slidably connected to the lower fixed base (33); Its features are, The upper sliding cover plate (31) is provided with a protrusion (35), and the lower fixed base (33) is provided with a groove (36). The protrusion (35) and the groove (36) are slidably connected, and the protrusion (35) and the groove (36) cooperate with each other. The groove (36) includes a horizontal section and an inclined section, and the horizontal section and the inclined section are fixedly connected.

2. The bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion (35) includes a horizontal section and an inclined section. The horizontal section and the inclined section are fixedly connected. The width of the horizontal section is smaller than that of the horizontal section of the groove (36). The inclined section is higher than that of the inclined section of the groove (36).

3. The bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a plate rubber support (32), one end of which is fixedly connected to the upper sliding cover plate (31), and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower fixed base (33).

4. The bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an airbag (9), which is mounted on the lower fixed base (33) and cooperates with the upper sliding cover plate (31).

5. A bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance function according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a cylinder (14), which is disposed in the lower fixed base (33). The cylinder (14) is connected to the airbag (9) and is used to inhale or inflate the airbag (9).

6. A bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cylinder (14) includes a first buffer plate (8), a connecting rod, a first piston (12), a cylinder body, and a first spring (11). The first buffer plate (8) is slidably connected to the groove (36), and the first buffer plate (8) cooperates with the protrusion (35). The first buffer plate (8) is fixedly connected to the first piston (12) through the connecting rod. The first piston (12) is slidably and sealedly connected to the cylinder body. One end of the first spring (11) is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cylinder body. The cylinder body is connected to the airbag (9).

7. A bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance function according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two cylinders (14) are provided, and the two cylinders (14) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protrusion (35).

8. A bidirectional self-resetting seismic resisting device for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sacrificial stop (5), the bottom of which is provided with a construction joint with the cap beam (4), the sacrificial stop (5) and the cap beam (4) are connected by a reserved steel bar, and the sacrificial stop (5) cooperates with the upper sliding cover plate (31).

9. A bidirectional self-resetting seismic resistance method for beam bridges with multi-level seismic resistance, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S10: When the normal use stage and the seismic force FE are less than the elastic deformation force of the plate rubber bearing (32), the bearing can be used normally through the deformation of the plate rubber bearing (32) itself. Step S20: When the seismic force FE is greater than the elastic deformation force of the plate rubber bearing (32) and equal to the horizontal sliding friction force, the upper sliding cover plate (31) and the lower fixed base (33) slide relative to each other, the bearing friction slides to isolate the seismic force, and the relative sliding forms the seismic isolation. Step S30: When the seismic force FE is greater than the horizontal sliding friction, the upper sliding cover plate (31) will slide on the inclined section and touch the sacrificial stop block (5). By utilizing the self-weight of the main beam and the collision between the main beam and the stop block, the main beam will self-reset to the lowest point in the inclined section, avoiding greater residual displacement and beam fall, while ensuring relative sliding to form seismic isolation.

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