Intelligent smoke exhaust device and smoke exhaust method based on shape memory alloy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building fire protection, in particular to an intelligent smoke exhaust device based on shape memory alloy and a smoke exhaust method.The intelligent smoke exhaust device comprises a window frame installed on a wall and a grating plate embedded into the window frame, and the grating plate is manufactured by laser etching of a shape memory alloy matrix with a preset crack pattern; and a heat reflection coating is arranged on the surface of the grating plate. When no fire occurs, the grating plate is in a sealed state, and no gap exists; when a fire disaster occurs, the indoor temperature rises rapidly, when the temperature rises to 90 DEG C and reaches the deformation temperature of the memory alloy, deformation begins, cracks are opened after the grating plate deforms, the preset cracks are distributed in a radial mode after being opened, a smoke exhaust channel is generated, and indoor smoke dust is exhausted. The method has the technical effects of high response speed and no need of manual reset.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of building fire protection, and in particular to an intelligent smoke extraction device and method based on shape memory alloy. Background Technology

[0002] Smoke Vent Windows or Smoke Vents are a key component of building smoke control systems. They are active fire safety facilities whose primary goal is to protect life and property by systematically releasing smoke and heat during a fire.

[0003] In existing technologies, motorized smoke exhaust windows face the risk of power supply failure. Although they can utilize secondary power sources, they still rely on the power system for supply assurance, leaving them vulnerable to power failure during a fire. Mechanical temperature sensors are slow to respond, and typical fire suppression systems rely on multiple signal transmissions, resulting in time lags and hindering timely and effective responses to fire risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy that can effectively and timely extract smoke.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides an intelligent smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy, which adopts the following technical solution: A smart smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy includes a window frame installed on the wall and a grid plate embedded in the window frame. The grid plate is made by laser etching a preset crack pattern on a shape memory alloy substrate.

[0006] Optionally, the surface of the grating may be coated with a heat-reflective coating.

[0007] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a smoke extraction method for an intelligent smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy, comprising the following steps: S1. When there is no fire, the grating is in a sealed state with no gaps; S2. When a fire occurs, the indoor temperature rises rapidly. When the temperature reaches 90℃, it reaches the deformation temperature of the shape memory alloy and begins to deform. After the grid plate deforms, the cracks are opened. The pre-set cracks are distributed radially after opening, creating smoke exhaust channels to expel the smoke and dust from the room.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: This invention utilizes a grating plate made of shape memory alloy, which achieves directional deformation through pre-set crack technology and automatically resets after cooling, effectively solving the problems of slow response speed and the need for manual reset in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the grille in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the open state of the grating plate in this invention.

[0010] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Wall; 2. Window frame; 3. Grille. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0012] Reference Figures 1-3 This invention discloses an intelligent smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy, including a window frame 2 installed on a wall 1 and a grille plate 3 embedded in the window frame 2. The grille plate 3 is made of shape memory alloy. The grille plate 3 is formed by laser etching a preset crack pattern on the shape memory alloy substrate, and a heat-reflective coating is provided on the surface of the grille plate 3. Figure 2 The dashed line at point A represents the cutting line made at the factory. In the event of a fire, the grating can move along... Figure 3 The crack deformation shown is not unique.

[0013] A smoke extraction method for an intelligent smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. When there is no fire, the grating plate 3 is in a sealed state with no gaps.

[0014] S2. When a fire occurs, the indoor temperature rises rapidly. When the temperature reaches 90℃, it reaches the deformation temperature of the shape memory alloy and begins to deform. After the grid plate 3 deforms, the cracks are opened. The pre-set cracks are radially distributed after opening, creating smoke exhaust channels to exhaust the smoke and dust in the room.

[0015] This invention utilizes the bidirectional memory effect of shape memory alloys: 1. The high-temperature phase transition point (80-120℃) is precisely matched with the flue gas temperature; 2. Crack pre-setting technology achieves directional deformation; 3. Automatic reset after cooling (deformation recovery rate ≥99%). This effectively solves the problems of slow response speed and the need for manual reset in existing technologies.

[0016] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy, characterized in that: It includes a window frame (2) installed on the wall (1) and a grid plate (3) embedded in the window frame (2), the grid plate (3) being made by laser etching a pre-set crack pattern on a shape memory alloy substrate.

2. The intelligent smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the grating plate (3) is coated with a heat-reflective coating.

3. A smoke extraction method for an intelligent smoke extraction device based on shape memory alloy as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. When there is no fire, the grating (3) is in a sealed state with no gaps; S2. When a fire occurs, the indoor temperature rises rapidly. When the temperature reaches 90°C, it reaches the deformation temperature of the memory alloy and begins to deform. After the grid plate (3) is deformed, the cracks are opened. The pre-set cracks are radially distributed after opening, creating smoke exhaust channels to exhaust indoor smoke and dust.

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