Hard rock rotary excavating flow guide hob lower guide chambering cylinder drill structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of graded chambering construction, and discloses a hard rock rotary excavating diversion hob lower guide chambering barrel drill structure which is characterized by comprising a chambering barrel drill and a lower guide barrel which are connected to a drill rod. The diameter of the lower guide cylinder is the same as that of the guide hole; the diameter of the reaming cylinder drill is greater than that of the guide hole; a plurality of hob drill bits are arranged at the bottom of the reaming barrel drill, and the reaming barrel drill is provided with a flow guide cavity; a plurality of pressure relief holes are formed in the top of the reaming barrel drill, communicate with the top of the inner surrounding cavity and are isolated from the flow guide cavity; the flow guide cavity penetrates through the bottom of the reaming barrel drill to form a plurality of flow guide inlets and penetrates through the top of the reaming barrel drill to form a plurality of flow guide outlets; and in the reaming drilling process of the reaming barrel drill in the guide hole, slurry enters the flow guide cavity from the flow guide inlet and is upwards sprayed out from the flow guide cavity. Through the guiding of the lower guide cylinder, the optimization of the hob drill bit and the flow guide of the slurry, the overall effect of reaming and drilling is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the technical field of graded borehole expansion construction, specifically to a borehole expansion cylinder drill structure with a guide roller cutter for hard rock rotary drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In many fields such as basic engineering construction and geological exploration, borehole enlargement is a common and critical operation. Especially in projects such as pile foundation construction and large-scale underground excavation, the quality of borehole enlargement directly affects the safety and stability of the entire project.

[0003] Among them, the reaming barrel drill, as a reaming drilling tool, plays a key role in reaming drilling due to its structural drilling stability and slag removal effect.

[0004] In the existing technology, when the reamer drill is drilling in the pilot hole, it is very easy to deviate from the original trajectory of the pilot hole due to the lack of an effective lower guide structure. This not only leads to irregular hole shape after reaming, affecting the normal progress of subsequent construction procedures, but may also cause serious accidents such as stuck drill and buried drill, seriously threatening construction safety.

[0005] When a rotary drill bit drills into hard rock, the stress conditions are complex and variable. The existing structure of the reaming drill barrel cannot guarantee uniform stress on the rotary drill bit, causing it to oscillate and vibrate during drilling. This unstable stress state not only reduces drilling efficiency but also accelerates the wear of the rotary drill bit and increases construction costs.

[0006] Furthermore, during hard rock reaming, the cutting of rock by the roller cutter generates a large amount of rock cuttings. If the rock cuttings are not discharged from the hole in time, they tend to accumulate around the roller cutter. This not only hinders the normal cutting of the roller cutter and reduces the drilling speed, but may also cause blockage in the hole. In addition, in hard rock formations, the contact area between the roller cutter and the rock is small, and the drilling pressure per unit area is insufficient, which reduces the reaming effect and also leads to low rock breaking efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a guide roller cutter structure for reaming boreholes in hard rock rotary drilling, which aims to solve the problem of poor reaming effect in the prior art.

[0008] This invention is implemented as follows: a hard rock rotary drilling guide cutter lower guide reaming cylinder drill structure includes a reaming cylinder drill for reaming in a guide hole in the rock stratum and a lower guide cylinder. The reaming cylinder drill and the lower guide cylinder are respectively connected to the drill rod, and the lower guide cylinder is located below the reaming cylinder drill. The diameter of the lower guide cylinder is the same as the diameter of the guide hole, and the diameter of the reaming cylinder drill is larger than the diameter of the guide hole.

[0009] The bottom of the reaming tube drill is provided with multiple hobbing drill bits, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the reaming tube drill. The reaming tube drill forms an inner cavity, and the reaming tube drill has a flow guide cavity surrounding the outer periphery of the inner cavity, which is isolated from the inner cavity. The top of the reaming tube drill is provided with multiple pressure relief holes, which communicate with the top of the inner cavity and are isolated from the flow guide cavity.

[0010] The flow guide cavity penetrates the bottom of the reaming drill and forms multiple flow guide inlets. The flow guide cavity penetrates the top of the reaming drill and forms multiple flow guide outlets. During the reaming drilling process in the guide hole, the drilling mud enters the flow guide cavity through the flow guide inlets and is sprayed upward from the flow guide cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the flow guiding cavity is provided with multiple flow guiding channels, which are isolated from each other. The bottom of each flow guiding channel is aligned and connected to the flow guiding inlet, and the top of each flow guiding channel is aligned and connected to the flow guiding outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the flow guiding cavity is provided with a plurality of straight cylindrical flow guiding cylinders, which surround and form the flow guiding channel. The bottom of the flow guiding cylinder is aligned and connected with the flow guiding inlet, and the top of the flow guiding cylinder is aligned and connected with the flow guiding outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the reaming cylinder includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder surrounding the outer periphery of the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder encloses to form the inner cavity, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder enclose to form the flow guide cavity. The bottom of the flow guide cavity is sealed with an annular bottom plate, and a plurality of the rotary drill bits are disposed on the bottom plate, and a plurality of the flow guide inlets are disposed on the bottom plate.

[0014] The top of the reaming barrel drill is provided with a top plate, which covers the top of the inner cavity and the top of the flow guide cavity, and multiple flow guide outlets are provided on the top plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the guide tube is connected to the bottom plate, and the top of the guide tube is connected to the top plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a connector is provided protruding upwards from the center of the top plate, and the connector is connected to the drill rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the top plate is provided with multiple guide covers, which are respectively disposed on multiple flow outlets; the guide covers enclose to form a lateral cavity, the bottom of which is connected to the flow outlet; the lateral cavity has a lateral opening, which is arranged opposite to the rotation direction of the reaming drill.

[0018] During the process of the reamer drilling in the guide hole, the mud enters the guide tube through the guide inlet and is then discharged into the side cavity through the guide outlet. The mud is blocked by the top of the guide cover and sprayed out toward the side opening.

[0019] Furthermore, along the direction from the flow outlet to the lateral opening, the height of the lateral cavity gradually increases, and the outer periphery of the connector is provided with multiple reinforcing plates, which are arranged around the connector at circumferential intervals; the inner end of the reinforcing plate is fixedly abutted to the outer periphery of the connector, and the outer end of the reinforcing plate is fixedly abutted to the side of the lateral opening.

[0020] Furthermore, the top plate has a bottom surface located at the bottom of the lateral cavity, and the bottom surface is inclined upward along the direction from the flow outlet to the lateral opening; a plurality of elastic strips are formed on the bottom surface, and the plurality of elastic strips are arranged sequentially at intervals along the direction from the flow outlet to the lateral opening, and the elastic strips are arranged along the lateral extension of the lateral cavity;

[0021] Along the direction from bottom to top, the elastic strips are arranged at an angle toward the lateral opening, and there is an elastic interval between adjacent elastic strips; during the process of the reaming drill in the guide hole, the mud discharged from the guide outlet flows toward the lateral opening, the multiple elastic strips are pressed and swing back and forth, and the multiple elastic strips restrict the mud from flowing in the opposite direction toward the guide outlet.

[0022] Furthermore, the inner cavity is provided with an upper connecting cylinder, which extends downward and is placed in the inner cavity; the top of the lower guide cylinder is provided with a lower connecting cylinder that is detachably connected to the upper connecting cylinder; the upper connecting cylinder is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder and is connected to the lower connecting cylinder as a whole; the lower guide cylinder is located below the reaming cylinder.

[0023] The upper connector has multiple upper through holes, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the upper connecting cylinder. The lower connecting cylinder has multiple lower through holes, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the lower connecting cylinder. The upper connecting cylinder has a protruding positioning block on its outer periphery, and the lower connecting cylinder has a positioning groove with a top opening.

[0024] When the upper connecting cylinder is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder, the positioning block is embedded in the positioning groove through the top opening. The multiple upper through holes are respectively aligned with the multiple lower through holes. Bolts are inserted into the lower through holes, and the bolts pass through the upper through holes simultaneously, fixing the upper connecting cylinder and the lower connecting cylinder relative to each other.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter lower guide reaming tube drill structure provided by the present invention, by setting the lower guide tube to have the same diameter as the guide hole, closely fits the hole wall during drilling, provides precise guidance for the reaming tube drill, reduces its deviation and vibration, avoids irregular hole shape and accidents such as stuck drill and buried drill caused by the deviation of the reaming tube drill, improves the stability and safety of reaming drilling, and thus improves the performance of reaming drilling.

[0026] In terms of rock breaking efficiency, multiple roller cutter bits are arranged circumferentially at intervals at the bottom of the reaming barrel drill, which optimizes the contact mode between the drill bit and the rock, enabling it to cut the rock layer evenly, give full play to the rock breaking ability of the roller cutter bits, improve rock breaking efficiency and drilling speed, thereby improving the reaming drilling efficiency, which is one of the keys to improving the reaming drilling effect.

[0027] In addition, the mud enters the guide cavity through the guide inlet and sprays upwards, which can carry rock cuttings out of the hole in time, avoid accumulation around the rotary drill bit, ensure normal cutting, and improve the efficiency of cuttings removal; it can also cool the rotary drill bit, reduce its temperature, reduce wear, and extend its service life.

[0028] Moreover, the isolation between the guide cavity and the inner cavity, as well as the synergistic effect of the pressure relief hole, ensure stable and efficient mud circulation, avoid drilling resistance problems caused by abnormal pressure, and thus comprehensively improve the effect of reaming drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation state of the hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter under guide hole enlarging cylinder drill structure provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a bottom perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the reaming barrel drill provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the reaming barrel drill provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a simplified structural diagram of the flow guiding cavity provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the upper connecting cylinder and the lower connecting cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0034] In the figure: 100, 101, inner tube 102, outer tube 103, bottom plate 104;

[0035] Inner cavity 200, pressure relief hole 201, flow guide cavity 202, flow guide outlet 203, flow guide tube 204;

[0036] Top plate 300, connector 301, guide cover 302, side opening 303, reinforcing plate 304, elastic strip 305, elastic interval 306;

[0037] Lower guide cylinder 400, upper connecting cylinder 401, lower connecting cylinder 402, upper through hole 403. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0039] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0040] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] Reference Figure 1-5 The image shown is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The hard rock rotary drilling guide cutter lower guide reaming cylinder structure includes a reaming cylinder 100 for reaming drilling in a guide hole in the rock strata and a lower guide cylinder 400. The reaming cylinder 100 and the lower guide cylinder 400 are respectively connected to the drill rod, and the lower guide cylinder 400 is located below the reaming cylinder 100. The diameter of the lower guide cylinder 400 is the same as the diameter of the guide hole, and the diameter of the reaming cylinder 100 is larger than the diameter of the guide hole.

[0043] The bottom of the reaming barrel drill 100 is provided with a plurality of hobbing drill bits 101, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the reaming barrel drill 100; the reaming barrel drill 100 encloses to form an inner cavity 200, and the reaming barrel drill 100 has a flow guide cavity 202 surrounding the outer periphery of the inner cavity 200, which is isolated from the inner cavity 200; the top of the reaming barrel drill 100 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes 201, which communicate with the top of the inner cavity 200 and are isolated from the flow guide cavity 202;

[0044] The guide cavity 202 penetrates the bottom of the reamer 100, forming multiple guide inlets. The guide cavity 202 penetrates the top of the reamer 100, forming multiple guide outlets 203. During the reamer drilling process in the guide hole, the mud enters the guide cavity 202 through the guide inlets and is sprayed upward from the guide cavity 202.

[0045] The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter lower guide reaming tube drill structure provided above, by setting the lower guide tube 400 to have the same diameter as the guide hole, closely fits the hole wall during drilling, providing precise guidance for the reaming tube drill 100, reducing its deviation and vibration, avoiding irregular hole shape and accidents such as stuck drill and buried drill due to the deviation of the reaming tube drill 100, improving the stability and safety of reaming drilling, and thus improving the performance of reaming drilling;

[0046] In terms of rock breaking efficiency, multiple roller drill bits 101 at the bottom of the reaming barrel drill 100 are arranged in a circumferentially spaced manner, which optimizes the contact mode between the drill bit and the rock, enabling it to cut the rock layer evenly and give full play to the rock breaking ability of the roller drill bits 101, thereby improving rock breaking efficiency and drilling speed, thus improving the reaming drilling efficiency. This is one of the keys to improving the reaming drilling effect.

[0047] In addition, the mud enters the guide cavity 202 through the guide inlet and sprays upward, which can carry the rock cuttings out of the hole in time, avoid the accumulation around the roller drill bit 101, ensure normal cutting, and improve the cutting efficiency; it can also cool the roller drill bit 101, reduce its temperature, reduce wear, and extend its service life.

[0048] Moreover, the isolation between the guide cavity 202 and the inner cavity 200, as well as the synergistic effect of the pressure relief hole 201, ensures stable and efficient mud circulation, avoids drilling resistance problems caused by abnormal pressure, and thus comprehensively improves the effect of reaming drilling.

[0049] In this embodiment, the flow guiding cavity 202 is provided with multiple flow guiding channels, which are isolated from each other. The bottom of the flow guiding channel is aligned and connected with the flow guiding inlet, and the top of the flow guiding channel is aligned and connected with the flow guiding outlet 203.

[0050] This ensures that the mud flow within the guide cavity 202 has a clear path, thereby improving the efficiency and controllability of mud flow, effectively avoiding mud stagnation and short-circuiting within the guide cavity 202, which is beneficial for improving the slag removal effect during reaming drilling, and thus improving the effect of reaming drilling.

[0051] In this embodiment, the flow guiding cavity 202 is provided with a plurality of straight cylindrical flow guiding cylinders 204, which surround to form a flow guiding channel. The bottom of the flow guiding cylinder 204 is aligned and connected with the flow guiding inlet, and the top of the flow guiding cylinder 204 is aligned and connected with the flow guiding outlet 203.

[0052] The guide tube 204 helps reduce the resistance of the mud during the flow process, allowing the mud to flow more smoothly from the guide inlet and out through the guide outlet 203. This simplifies the mud flow path, further improves the efficiency of mud circulation, and ensures that rock cuttings can be carried out of the hole in a timely manner during the reaming process, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of reaming drilling.

[0053] In this embodiment, the reaming tube drill 100 includes an inner tube 102 and an outer tube 103 surrounding the outer periphery of the inner tube 102. The inner tube 102 encloses to form an inner cavity 200, and the outer tube 103 and the inner tube 102 enclose to form a flow guide cavity 202. The bottom of the flow guide cavity 202 is covered by an annular bottom plate 104, and multiple hobbing drill bits 101 are disposed on the bottom plate 104, and multiple flow guide inlets are disposed on the bottom plate 104.

[0054] The top of the reaming tube drill 100 is provided with a top plate 300, which covers the top of the inner cavity 200 and the top of the guide cavity 202. Multiple guide outlets 203 are provided on the top plate 300.

[0055] The concentrating of the rotary drill bit 101 and the flow inlet on the bottom plate 104 facilitates concentrated rock-breaking operations. Meanwhile, the flow outlet 203 is located on the top plate 300, which facilitates the discharge of mud. The dual structure of the inner cylinder 102 and the outer cylinder 103 provides stable support for the flow chamber 202, ensuring the stable operation of the mud circulation system and thus improving the stability and efficiency of the reaming drilling.

[0056] In this embodiment, the bottom of the guide tube 204 is connected to the bottom plate 104, and the top of the guide tube 204 is connected to the top plate 300.

[0057] This ensures the sealing and stability between the guide tube 204 and the bottom plate 104 and the top plate 300, prevents leakage of mud during the flow process, ensures the efficient operation of the mud circulation system, and further improves the effect of reaming drilling.

[0058] In this embodiment, a connector 301 protrudes upward from the center of the top plate 300, and the connector 301 is connected to the drill rod.

[0059] This ensures that the reaming barrel drill 100 is firmly connected to the drill rod, guaranteeing the stability of the drill bit during reaming drilling and preventing drill bit swaying and vibration caused by unstable connection, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of reaming drilling.

[0060] In this embodiment, the top plate 300 is provided with a plurality of guide covers 302, and the plurality of guide covers 302 are respectively disposed on a plurality of flow outlets 203; the guide covers 302 enclose to form a lateral cavity, the bottom of the lateral cavity is connected to the flow outlet 203; the lateral cavity is formed with a lateral opening 303, and the lateral opening 303 is arranged opposite to the rotation direction of the reaming tube drill 100.

[0061] During the process of the reamer 100 reaming the hole in the guide hole, the mud enters the guide tube 204 through the guide inlet and is then discharged into the lateral cavity through the guide outlet 203. The mud is blocked by the top of the guide cover 302 and sprayed out toward the lateral opening 303.

[0062] The guide tube 204 and guide shield 302 allow the drilling mud to rise orderly along the guide tube 204 and change its flow direction through the guide shield 302, eventually being ejected from the lateral opening 303. Since the lateral opening 303 is opposite to the rotation direction of the reamer 100, the reaction force generated when the drilling mud is ejected in the opposite direction enhances the rotational drive of the reamer 100 during drilling.

[0063] In this embodiment, the height of the lateral cavity gradually increases along the direction from the guide outlet 203 to the lateral opening 303. Multiple reinforcing plates 304 are provided on the outer periphery of the connector 301. The multiple reinforcing plates 304 are arranged around the connector 301 at intervals in the circumferential direction. The inner end of the reinforcing plate 304 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the connector 301, and the outer end of the reinforcing plate 304 is fixedly connected to the side of the lateral opening 303.

[0064] By gradually increasing the height of the lateral cavity, more space is provided for the flow of mud, reducing the resistance of mud during the flow process. At the same time, the setting of the reinforcing plate 304 enhances the structural strength between the connector 301 and the lateral opening 303, ensuring the stability and reliability of the reaming barrel drill 100 during the drilling process, and further improving the effect of reaming drilling.

[0065] In this embodiment, the top plate 300 has a bottom surface located at the bottom of the lateral cavity, and the bottom surface is inclined upward along the direction from the guide outlet 203 to the lateral opening 303; a plurality of elastic strips 305 are formed on the bottom surface, and the plurality of elastic strips 305 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the direction from the guide outlet 203 to the lateral opening 303, and the elastic strips 305 are arranged along the lateral extension of the lateral cavity.

[0066] Along the direction of bottom to top, the elastic strips 305 are arranged at an angle toward the lateral opening 303, and there is an elastic interval 306 between adjacent elastic strips 305; during the process of the reaming drill 100 reaming in the guide hole, the mud discharged from the guide outlet 203 flows toward the lateral opening 303, and multiple elastic strips 305 are pressed and swing back and forth, and multiple elastic strips 305 restrict the mud from flowing in the opposite direction toward the guide outlet 203.

[0067] The inclined bottom surface and elastic strip 305 can buffer and rectify the flow of mud, avoiding excessive pressure on the guide outlet 203 caused by the impact of mud. At the same time, the swing of the elastic strip 305 restricts the reverse flow of mud, reducing the risk of mud clogging the guide outlet 203, improving the unidirectionality and stability of mud flow, and further optimizing the mud circulation effect during the reaming process.

[0068] In this embodiment, an upper connecting cylinder 401 is provided in the inner cavity 200, the upper connecting cylinder 401 extends downward and is placed in the inner cavity 200; the top of the lower guide cylinder 400 is provided with a lower connecting cylinder 402 that is detachably connected to the upper connecting cylinder 401; the upper connecting cylinder 401 is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder 402 and is connected to the lower connecting cylinder 402 as a whole, and the lower guide cylinder 400 is located below the reaming cylinder drill 100;

[0069] The upper connector 401 is provided with multiple upper through holes 403, which are arranged around the circumference of the upper connecting cylinder 401 at intervals. The lower connecting cylinder 402 is provided with multiple lower through holes, which are arranged around the circumference of the lower connecting cylinder 402 at intervals. The upper connecting cylinder 401 is provided with a positioning block protruding from its outer periphery, and the lower connecting cylinder 402 is provided with a positioning groove with a top opening.

[0070] When the upper connecting cylinder 401 is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder 402, the positioning block is embedded in the positioning groove through the top opening. Multiple upper through holes 403 are arranged to be aligned with the inner and outer sides of multiple lower through holes respectively. Bolts are inserted into the lower through holes, and the bolts pass through the upper through holes 403 simultaneously, fixing the upper connecting cylinder 401 and the lower connecting cylinder 402 relative to each other.

[0071] This detachable connection method not only facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the reamer 100 and the lower guide cylinder 400, improving the convenience and efficiency of construction, but also ensures the stability of the connection between the two. Furthermore, the stable connection of the lower guide cylinder 400 helps it to better play its guiding role during drilling, reducing the offset and vibration of the reamer 100, and improving the accuracy and stability of reaming drilling.

[0072] The following will provide a specific, clear, and complete description of the hard rock rotary drilling guide cutter under guide reaming tube drill structure mentioned above in practical applications, so as to make the hard rock rotary drilling guide cutter under guide reaming tube drill structure easier to understand.

[0073] Hard rock rotary drilling guide cutter under guide hole enlarging barrel drill structure

[0074] I. Overall Structure Breakdown:

[0075] The hard rock rotary drilling guide cutter lower guide reamer consists of three parts: the reamer, the upper connecting cylinder, and the lower guide cylinder.

[0076] II. Decomposed Structure Connection:

[0077] (I) Connection between the reamer and the upper connecting sleeve

[0078] The upper connecting cylinder is placed inside the reaming tube drill, closely attached to the top plate of the drill, so that their centers coincide. A square stiffening plate is installed at the top of the upper connecting cylinder, and a fan-shaped stiffening plate is installed at the bottom to strengthen the connection between the upper connecting cylinder and the reaming tube drill.

[0079] (II) Connection between the upper connecting cylinder and the lower guide cylinder

[0080] The outer diameter of the bottom of the upper connecting cylinder is the same as the inner diameter of the top of the lower guide cylinder. The positioning pins set on the upper connecting cylinder are inserted into the positioning grooves of the same size set on the lower guide cylinder, so that the bolt connection pin holes of the upper connecting cylinder and the lower guide cylinder are completely overlapped. Finally, the same specification bolts are used to fix the connection.

[0081] III. Key Structural Design of the Reamer Drill:

[0082] (I) Distinguishing from conventional structures

[0083] Unlike conventional guide tube drills, the upper tube drill of the hard rock rotary drilling guide cutter is a guide cutter tube drill, and its overall structure includes three parts: the tube drill body, the guide device, and the cutter matching components.

[0084] (II) Drill cylinder body

[0085] Four stiffening plates are evenly arranged on the side edges of the top plate of the drill cylinder to enhance the overall rigidity of the top plate. They are then connected to the conical guide tube. In addition, the top plate of the drill cylinder is provided with multiple holes, of which the inner holes are pressure relief holes to balance the mud pressure inside and outside the cylinder, and the outermost holes are guide tube inlets, totaling 12, which are then connected to the guide tube.

[0086] (III) Flow guiding device

[0087] The flow guiding device specifically includes 4 conical flow guides and 12 flow guide tubes.

[0088] 1. Conical guide

[0089] Four conical guides are evenly distributed and rotate around the central axis of the drill bit. The inner side of the conical guides is welded to the side of the stiffening plate on the top plate of the drill bit, and the bottom of the conical guides is welded to the top plate of the drill bit.

[0090] 2. Drainage pipe

[0091] Twelve guide tubes are installed close to the top plate of the drill bit. The inner diameter of the guide tubes is the same as the diameter of the guide tube inlet hole on the top plate of the drill bit, and the height of the guide tubes is the same as the internal height of the drill bit. Among them, the inlet holes corresponding to four guide tubes are located inside the conical guide.

[0092] (iv) Hobbing cutter accessories

[0093] The hobbing cutter assembly consists of three parts: a connecting cylinder, an annular hobbing cutter base plate, and a hobbing cutter assembly.

[0094] 1. Connecting cylinder

[0095] The connecting cylinder has a cylindrical structure, and its height is the same as the internal height of the drill bit. The connecting cylinder is placed inside the drill bit and closely attached to the top plate of the drill bit so that their centers coincide. The inner and outer sides of the contact surface between the connecting cylinder and the top plate of the drill bit are welded together.

[0096] 2. Annular hob base plate

[0097] The inner side of the annular cutter base plate is welded and fixed to the connecting cylinder, and the outer side is welded to the outer wall of the drill. Twelve guide pipe outlet holes are set on the base plate, which correspond one-to-one with the twelve guide pipe inlet holes set on the top plate of the drill. A guide pipe is set between the inlet and outlet holes to enable the upper and lower mud of the drill to be connected.

[0098] 3. Hobbing cutter set

[0099] In this example, the 2m diameter barrel drill uses 4 sets of roller cutters, with 3 inner, middle and outer roller cutters in each set, for a total of 12 roller cutters. In actual use, the number of roller cutter sets and the number of roller cutters in each set are optimized according to the actual pile diameter and stratum lithology. Each roller cutter set is arranged radially staggered to ensure that the grinding area completely covers the annular cross section.

[0100] IV. Construction principle of rotary drilling rig with guide roller cutter under guide and reaming barrel structure for hard rock:

[0101] During rotary drilling in hard rock, the drilling mud inside the borehole rotates with the drill bit. Some of the mud enters the guide pipe directly, while some enters the internal guide pipe through the conical guide at the top of the drill bit. The inlet conical guide has a large cross-section, while the outlet guide pipe has a small cross-section. Based on the principle of fluid continuity, the mud flow velocity increases significantly at the outlet of the guide. The high-speed mud flows out from the bottom of the guide pipe, and the bundled mud flow formed by the guide device acts directly on the area where the cutter breaks the rock surface, creating a strong scouring effect and effectively removing the drill cuttings generated by the cutter breaking the rock surface during rotary drilling.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary drilling rig for hard rock with a guide roller cutter and a lower guide hole-reaming cylinder, characterized in that, The system includes a reaming tube drill and a lower guide tube for reaming in a pilot hole in a rock stratum. The reaming tube drill and the lower guide tube are respectively connected to the drill rod, and the lower guide tube is located below the reaming tube drill. The diameter of the lower guide tube is the same as the diameter of the pilot hole, and the diameter of the reaming tube drill is larger than the diameter of the pilot hole. The bottom of the reaming tube drill is provided with multiple hobbing drill bits, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the reaming tube drill; the reaming tube drill forms an inner cavity, and the reaming tube drill has a flow guide cavity surrounding the outer periphery of the inner cavity, which is isolated from the inner cavity. The top of the reaming barrel drill is provided with multiple pressure relief holes, which are connected to the top of the inner cavity and are arranged in isolation from the flow guide cavity; The flow guiding cavity penetrates the bottom of the reaming drill bit, forming multiple flow guiding inlets, and the flow guiding cavity penetrates the top of the reaming drill bit, forming multiple flow guiding outlets; During the process of the reaming drill in the guide hole, the mud enters the guide cavity through the guide inlet and is sprayed upward from the guide cavity.

2. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding cavity is provided with multiple flow guiding channels, which are isolated from each other. The bottom of each flow guiding channel is aligned and connected to the flow guiding inlet, and the top of each flow guiding channel is aligned and connected to the flow guiding outlet.

3. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding cavity is provided with a plurality of straight cylindrical flow guiding cylinders, which surround and form the flow guiding channel. The bottom of the flow guiding cylinder is aligned and connected with the flow guiding inlet, and the top of the flow guiding cylinder is aligned and connected with the flow guiding outlet.

4. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The reaming tube drill includes an inner tube and an outer tube surrounding the outer periphery of the inner tube. The inner tube encloses to form the inner cavity, and the outer tube and the inner tube enclose to form the flow guide cavity. The bottom of the flow guide cavity is sealed with an annular bottom plate, and multiple rotary drill bits are disposed on the bottom plate, and multiple flow guide inlets are disposed on the bottom plate. The top of the reaming barrel drill is provided with a top plate, which covers the top of the inner cavity and the top of the flow guide cavity, and multiple flow guide outlets are provided on the top plate.

5. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The bottom of the guide tube is connected to the bottom plate, and the top of the guide tube is connected to the top plate.

6. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The top plate has a connector protruding upwards in the middle, and the connector is connected to the drill rod.

7. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The top plate is provided with multiple guide covers, which are respectively disposed on multiple flow outlets; the guide covers enclose to form a lateral cavity, the bottom of which is connected to the flow outlet; the lateral cavity has a lateral opening, which is arranged opposite to the rotation direction of the reaming drill. During the process of the reamer drilling in the guide hole, the mud enters the guide tube through the guide inlet and is then discharged into the side cavity through the guide outlet. The mud is blocked by the top of the guide cover and sprayed out toward the side opening.

8. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Along the direction from the flow outlet to the lateral opening, the height of the lateral cavity gradually increases. The outer periphery of the connector is provided with multiple reinforcing plates, which are arranged around the connector at circumferential intervals. The inner end of the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the connector, and the outer end of the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the side of the lateral opening.

9. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The top plate has a bottom surface located at the bottom of the lateral cavity, and the bottom surface is inclined upward along the direction from the flow outlet to the lateral opening; a plurality of elastic strips are formed on the bottom surface, and the plurality of elastic strips are arranged sequentially at intervals along the direction from the flow outlet to the lateral opening, and the elastic strips are arranged to extend laterally along the lateral cavity; Along the direction from bottom to top, the elastic strips are arranged at an angle toward the lateral opening, and there is an elastic interval between adjacent elastic strips; during the process of the reaming drill in the guide hole, the mud discharged from the guide outlet flows toward the lateral opening, the multiple elastic strips are pressed and swing back and forth, and the multiple elastic strips restrict the mud from flowing in the opposite direction toward the guide outlet.

10. The hard rock rotary drilling guide roller cutter underguide reaming tube drill structure as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The inner cavity is provided with an upper connecting cylinder, which extends downward and is placed in the inner cavity; the top of the lower guide cylinder is provided with a lower connecting cylinder that is detachably connected to the upper connecting cylinder; the upper connecting cylinder is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder and is connected to the lower connecting cylinder as a whole; the lower guide cylinder is located below the reaming cylinder. The upper connector has multiple upper through holes, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the upper connecting cylinder. The lower connecting cylinder has multiple lower through holes, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the lower connecting cylinder. The upper connecting cylinder has a protruding positioning block on its outer periphery, and the lower connecting cylinder has a positioning groove with a top opening. When the upper connecting cylinder is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder, the positioning block is embedded in the positioning groove through the top opening. The multiple upper through holes are respectively aligned with the multiple lower through holes. Bolts are inserted into the lower through holes, and the bolts pass through the upper through holes simultaneously, fixing the upper connecting cylinder and the lower connecting cylinder relative to each other.

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