High-yield cultivation and planting management method for raspberry tea

Abstract

The invention provides a high-yield cultivation and planting management method for raspberry tea, and relates to the technical field of raspberry tea planting, the high-yield cultivation and planting management method for the raspberry tea mainly adopts urea, plant cytokinin, a raspberry tea extract, 1, 8-cineole and polyglutamic acid as nutritional agent components for foliage spraying; brassin, aspirin and Huabao No.1 are adopted as root soaking liquid, and root (branch) soaking treatment is conducted on the raspberry tea seedlings before transplanting or cuttage; conventional topdressing is performed after transplanting and field planting, and a nutritional agent is sprayed on leaf surfaces in time after leaf picking. According to the method, the defects in the prior art are overcome, rooting, germination and vine growth of the raspberry tea can be effectively promoted, the shoot tip and stem leaf yield of the raspberry tea is improved, and the economic benefit of planting the raspberry tea is comprehensively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of raspberry tea planting, in particular to a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Raspberry tea is also known as vine tea, sweet tea and white tea, which is processed from the tender stems and leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata, a unique medicinal and edible plant resource in China. The surface of raspberry tea is covered with white frost, and it tastes slightly bitter and has obvious aftertaste. It has been used as tea for thousands of years.

[0003] Raspberry tea is mainly propagated by seed sexual reproduction or branch cutting. Seedlings are transplanted in the field in February and March, and the season for picking fresh leaves for tea is mainly from April to August each year. Generally, the tender vine tips are picked for use as raw materials for making bud tip raspberry tea. In September to November, mature pinnate compound leaves can also be picked, which is usually called common leaf raspberry tea and is generally used as raw material for processing granular tea. Therefore, the yield of raspberry tea at the present stage is generally calculated based on the fresh weight or dry weight of the tender vine tips.

[0004] The yield of raspberry tea is low in the first year after transplanting, and the yield of tender vine tips is about 25 kg per mu in fresh weight. The yield increases to about 220 kg per mu in fresh weight in the second year, and gradually enters the high-yield period. For raspberry tea planting, the yield of the early tea garden directly affects the economic benefits of the overall cultivation of raspberry tea. In order to improve the yield of raspberry tea, the planting density is often increased and the plant spacing is reduced. However, the increase of the planting density of raspberry tea requires higher soil fertility. The canopy density of the tea garden is large, which is not convenient for cultivation, weeding and fertilization management, and may affect the quality of the bud tips in the later period. Therefore, generally, the planting density of 2000-3000 plants per mu is ensured to reduce the competition between plants, effectively ensure the quality of the bud tips, and also ensure a certain yield in the early stage of newly planted tea gardens.

[0005] The main purpose of raspberry tea cultivation is to pick leaves for tea, and leaves are the basis for yield. How to further improve the yield of fresh leaves of raspberry tea, especially the yield and quality of tender bud tips in the production season, is an important research direction for field production and planting at the present stage. Therefore, the present application proposes a technology and method for promoting the growth of underground roots and increasing the application of high-nitrogen compound water-soluble fertilizer on the ground and leaf spraying for the management of tea gardens with high-density planting. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which can effectively improve the yield of fresh leaf bud tips after transplanting of raspberry tea and comprehensively improve the economic benefits of artificial planting of raspberry tea.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: A raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, the cultivation planting management method comprises the following steps: S1, before transplanting, disinfecting the soil, applying organic fertilizer, deep ploughing, and then preparing the hole by land preparation; S2, preparing the nutrient agent according to the following formula: polyamino acid urea 5-15 g / L + plant cell division element 10-20 mg / L + raspberry tea branch and leaf extract 30-50 mg / L + 1,8-eucalyptol 20-40 mg / L + polyglutamic acid 2-4 g / L + the rest is water; S3, pretreatment of the transplanted seedlings: pruning the raspberry tea seedling mother garden, spraying the nutrient agent after pruning, hardening the seedlings for 5-7 days, and obtaining the pretreated strong seedlings for standby; S4, root soaking treatment of raspberry tea seedlings: after the seedlings are transplanted, the root of the raspberry tea seedlings is soaked in a mixed solution of brassinolide, aspirin and Huaba No. 1 for 2-4 hours, then transplanted into the planting hole and irrigated with root fixing water; S5, foliar fertilization: foliar fertilization is carried out 3-5 weeks and 8-9 weeks after planting, and subsequent foliar fertilization is carried out every 4 months; S6, pruning management: the main branch of the raspberry tea seedlings is topped for the first time 1-2 months after planting, and the seedlings are pinched every 10-15 days, a total of 3-5 times, and the nutrient agent is sprayed on the leaves after each time of topping and pinching; S7, picking fresh leaves: picking fresh young bud tips for the first time 3-4 months after transplanting, and spraying the nutrient agent on the leaves after each time of picking; after one year of transplanting, spraying the diluted nutrient agent 2-3 times after every 2 times of picking.

[0008] Preferably, the land disinfection in step S1 is carried out by applying 50% carbendazim powder 30-40 g per square meter, then ploughing and mixing evenly, and covering the film to complete the disinfection.

[0009] Preferably, the nutrient agent prepared in step S2 is: the plant cell division element is 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), and the raspberry tea branch and leaf extract is a water extract of raspberry tea branches and leaves.

[0010] Preferably, the strong raspberry tea seedlings selected in step S3 are 6-10 month seedlings obtained by cutting seedling or seed seedling.

[0011] Preferably, the amount of the nutrient agent sprayed in step S3 is 15-30 mL per plant.

[0012] Preferably, in the mixed solution of brassinolide, aspirin and Huaba No. 1 in step S4, the concentration of brassinolide is 10-15 mg / L, the concentration of aspirin is 20-40 mg / L, and the concentration of Huaba No. 1 is 15-20 g / L.

[0013] Preferably, in the step S4, the distance between raspberry tea seedlings is 30-40 cm, the row spacing is 50-60 cm, and the density per mu is 2780-3700 plants.

[0014] Preferably, in the step S6, the amount of the nutrient agent sprayed once is 15-20 mL / plant.

[0015] Preferably, in the step S7, the amount of the nutrient agent diluted 2-3 times sprayed once is 20-30 mL / plant.

[0016] The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The present application adopts the rapeseed, aspirin and flower treasure No. 1 mixed solution for root soaking treatment before raspberry tea seedling transplanting, which can quickly promote new root and root growth, improve seedling survival rate and strong seedling rate; the polyamino acid urea, plant cell division factor, raspberry tea extract, 1, 8-eucalyptol and polyglutamic acid are used as high-nitrogen nutrient agents, which are sprayed on the leaves of the raspberry tea after topping and pinching, so as to promote early budding of newly transplanted tea garden, accelerate growth, quickly seal the garden, and achieve the purpose of harvesting, production and benefit in the same year; the nutrient agent foliar fertilizer is continuously sprayed on the adult tea garden after sealing the garden, which can effectively promote the raspberry tea to produce more new shoots and tender shoots, promote the accumulation of raspberry tea efficacy components to the vine tip, increase the proportion and yield of high-quality bud tip raspberry tea, further improve the freshness and quality of raspberry tea, and comprehensively improve the overall economic benefit of planting raspberry tea. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: Figure 2 The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: Figure 3 The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: Figure 4 The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: Figure 5 The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: Figure 6 The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: Figure 7 The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present application provides a raspberry tea high-yield cultivation planting management method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0019] Embodiment 1 I. Preparation of raw materials 1. Preparation of raspberry tea branch and leaf extract Fresh raspberry tea branches and leaves were ground into a slurry, 10 times the volume of deionized water was added, and water bath extraction was performed at 55°C for 2 hours. After extraction, the slurry was squeezed and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and dried to obtain the raspberry tea branch and leaf extract.

[0020] 2. Different nutrient agents were prepared according to the formula in Table 1 (6-benzyladenine (6-BA) was selected as a plant cytokinin): Table 1 3. Root soaking liquid was prepared according to the formula in Table 2: Table 2 II. Screening experiment of root soaking liquid The same batch of raspberry tea cuttings with the same growth conditions (cutting growth for 6 months, and cutting substrate was a mixture of perlite and peat soil in equal quality) were selected. The substrate with roots was placed in different root soaking liquids until the substrate was completely soaked (100 plants for each type). Then, the plants were transplanted into garden soil with pre-dug holes. The holes were filled with garden soil and watered with clear water. The survival rate of raspberry tea seedlings was observed for 30 days and 60 days. The specific results are shown in Table 3: Table 3 As shown in the above table, the root soaking liquid with an aspirin concentration of 20 mg / L-40 mg / L can effectively promote the survival of transplanted raspberry tea seedlings.

[0021] III. Selection experiment of nutrient agent A 3-year-old raspberry tea garden was selected and divided into 11 areas, with 5 raspberry tea plants in each area. The first year's buds were picked on April 2, 2023, and then the nutrient agent was sprayed (20 mL per plant). Buds were picked every 10 days, and the nutrient liquid was sprayed after each picking. The buds obtained from the sixth picking were selected for detection of total flavonoid and dihydromyricetin content. The specific results are shown in Table 4: Table 4 From the above table, the use of 1,8-eucalyptol can effectively improve the content of total flavonoids in the bud, and the content of total flavonoids is the highest when the content of 1,8-eucalyptol is 20mg / L-40mg / L; the addition of polyglutamic acid can significantly improve the proportion of dihydromyricetin in total flavonoids, especially when the addition amount of polyglutamic acid in the nutrient agent is 2g / L-5g / L, the proportion of dihydromyricetin in total flavonoids is more than 66%, but based on the principle of saving, the content of polyglutamic acid is selected as 2g / L-4g / L; and the content and proportion of dihydromyricetin are generally important basis for measuring the quality of raspberry tea, the higher the content of dihydromyricetin, the higher the quality of raspberry tea, that is, in general, the use of 1,8-eucalyptol and polyglutamic acid can effectively improve the quality of raspberry tea tender leaves.

[0022] Example 2: Based on the experimental results of the above example 1, the root soaking solution J-1, J-3; nutrient agent Y-1, Y-3, Y-6 are selected for the following experiments: Raspberry tea cultivation experiment: (1) Select the raspberry tea plantation in Yongding District, Zhangjiajie as the planting experimental area, the soil environment is sandy soil, according to 50% of each square meter of the application of 30-40g of carbendazim powder, after application, tillage and mix evenly, cover film treatment for 3d, uncovering and standing for 2d, complete disinfection, then according to 150kg / acre, apply rape seed cake fertilizer, deep plough soil 60 centimeters, ditch and ridge, ditch depth 50cm, according to the plant spacing of 30-40cm, row spacing of 50-60cm, dig planting pit; (2) Select the same batch of cuttings and the same growth of healthy raspberry tea seedlings as transplanted seedlings (seedlings for 6 months), prune and remove weak branches, crossing branches, dense branches, and retain healthy main branches and lateral branches, then spray nutrient agent (20mL / plant), on November 3, 2023, place in a cool and ventilated place for 7d of seedling culture, get pretreated seedlings; (3) Dig out the pretreated seedlings together with the root part of the substrate, and immerse the root part of the substrate in the root soaking solution, then take out and place in the planting pit, fill the soil and compact, and then pour clear water; (4) On December 9, 2023, apply urea fertilizer at 5kg / acre, on January 7, 2024, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (15%:15%:15%) compound fertilizer at 40kg / acre, and then apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (15%:15%:15%) compound fertilizer every 4 months; (5) On December 5, 2023, the transplanted raspberry tea was pruned for the first time, on December 17, 2023, for the second time, on December 29, 2023, for the third time, 5-7 axillary buds were reserved each time, and after pruning, the nutrient agent was sprayed at 20mL / plant; (6) The first harvest was carried out on March 27, 2024, and then harvested every 15 days until September 2024 (the harvest was completed before September). After each two harvests, the plant was sprayed with a nutrient solution diluted twice or an undiluted nutrient solution (25 mL / plant). To maximize the economic benefits of harvesting, the general standard for harvesting is to pick one bud and one leaf when the bud is plump, and to pick one bud and two newly unfolded leaves when the bud is slightly smaller or the leaves are slightly larger.

[0023] (7) The first harvest of the second year will be carried out on March 29, 2025, and then harvested every 15 days until September 2025 (the harvest will end before September). The harvesting standards and nutrient treatment are the same as the previous year.

[0024] The final yields of the wild tea treated with different nutrients and root soaking agents were recorded (based on the weight of fresh tea leaves and the yield of tea leaves were calculated). The specific results are shown in Table 5 below: Table 5 As shown in the table above, the combined use of J-3 and Y-3 can significantly increase the yield of wild tea. In particular, during the harvesting stage, the overall effect of Y-3 dilution on increasing the yield of wild tea is better.

[0025] Furthermore, samples of the vine tips and compound leaves from the first harvest in 2024 and the first harvest in 2025 were compared, specifically as follows: Figures 1-7 As shown, experimental group 4 ( Figure 4 In 2024 and 2025, the vine shoots produced a large number of new leaves and buds, and the color and thickness of the new leaves and buds were of high quality, resulting in a high overall yield.

[0026] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for high-yield cultivation and management of wild tea, characterized in that, The cultivation and planting management method includes the following steps: S1. Pre-transplanting land preparation: Disinfect the soil, apply organic fertilizer and deep plow, then prepare the land and dig holes for later use. S2. Prepare the nutrient solution according to the following formula: Polyurethane urea 5-15g / L + Plant cytokinin 10-20mg / L + Berry tea branch and leaf extract 30-50mg / L + 1,8-cineole 20-40mg / L + Polyglutamic acid 2-4g / L + Remaining water. S3. Pretreatment of transplanted seedlings: Prune the mother plant garden of berry tea seedlings, spray with nutrients after pruning, harden the seedlings for 5-7 days, and obtain pretreated and robust seedlings for use. S4. Soak the roots of the tea seedlings: After the seedlings are dug up and before transplanting, soak the roots of the tea seedlings in a mixed solution of brassinolide, aspirin and Flower Treasure No. 1 for 2-4 hours. Then transplant them into the planting hole, fill the hole with soil, and water them thoroughly. S5. Foliar fertilization: Apply foliar fertilizer 3-5 weeks and 8-9 weeks after transplanting, and then apply foliar fertilizer once every 4 months thereafter. S6. Pruning Management: 1-2 months after planting, the main branches of the tea seedlings are topped and fixed for the first time. After that, the tips are pinched off every 10-15 days, for a total of 3-5 times. Each time after topping and pinching, a nutrient solution is sprayed on the leaves. S7. Harvesting fresh leaves: Harvest the tender bud tips and fresh leaves for the first time 3-4 months after transplanting. Spray the leaves with a nutrient solution after each harvest. One year after transplanting, spray with a nutrient solution diluted 2-3 times after every 2 harvests.

2. The cultivation and planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land disinfection method in step S1 is to apply 30-40g of 50% carbendazim powder per square meter, then till and mix it evenly, and finally cover it with film to complete the disinfection.

3. The cultivation and management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution prepared in step S2 is: the plant cytokinin is 6-benzyladenine, and the extract of tea twigs and leaves used is a water extract of tea twigs and leaves.

4. The cultivation and management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The robust berry tea seedlings selected in step S3 are those propagated by cuttings or seeds and grown between June and October.

5. The cultivation and planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of nutrient solution sprayed in step S3 is 15-30 mL / plant.

6. The cultivation and planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the concentration of brassinolide, aspirin, and Huabao No. 1 in the mixed solution is as follows: the concentration of brassinolide is 10-15 mg / L, the concentration of aspirin is 20-40 mg / L, and the concentration of Huabao No. 1 is 15-20 g / L.

7. The cultivation and planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the spacing between planted tea seedlings is 30-40cm, the row spacing is 50-60cm, and the density is 2780-3700 plants per acre.

8. The cultivation and planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the amount of nutrient solution sprayed once is 15-20 mL / plant.

9. The cultivation and planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the amount of nutrient solution diluted 2-3 times is 20-30 mL per plant.

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