Cultivation method for clustered container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation methods, and particularly discloses a cultivation method for clustered container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants, which comprises the following steps: selecting a natural plant type dwarf Magnoliaceae plant cultivated variety or stock seed for cutting seedling: from June to July, taking robust current-year twigs without plant diseases and insect pests, processing the twigs into cuttings, and cutting the cuttings into seedlings; soaking the seedlings in a bactericide solution, then quickly dipping the seedlings in a rooting agent solution, spraying water immediately for field planting after cuttage is implemented, and obtaining cutting seedlings after cultivation; root system treatment: after 60-70 days, taking out the obtained cutting seedlings with roots, selecting a plurality of seedlings with vigorous root systems, crossing the root systems, wrapping with a wrapping substrate, pinching, and then placing in a seedling culture bag to form clustered seedlings; planting the obtained clustered seedlings in a tree planting bag, placing the tree planting bag in a container seedling area, performing shading treatment, and then recovering normal illumination for cultivation; after potting and field planting, container seedlings are outplanted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation methods, and more specifically, relates to a method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants. Background Technology

[0002] Magnolias are prized for their large, beautiful flowers and are among the few species that can produce both abundant blossoms and a captivating fragrance, making them highly ornamental and promising for landscaping applications. China boasts the richest native resources of Magnoliaceae plants, and in the past 20 years, breeders have introduced and cultivated numerous cultivars, resulting in a greater diversity of flower colors, shapes, and fragrances. However, due to the traditional varieties, limited tree shapes, low quality, and scarcity of container-grown magnolia seedlings currently available in the market, magnolia resources have not been prominently featured in landscaping projects.

[0003] Clump-forming seedlings have full, natural, and dynamic crowns, with well-arranged branches and beautiful tree shapes. In the current development trend of naturalization, diversification, and refinement of plant landscapes, they have unique advantages. In particular, clump-forming container seedlings propagated by cuttings are not only low-cost and short-cycle to cultivate, with seedlings that are 2 years old or older ready for use, but also flower early, are highly adaptable, and can be transplanted without seasonal restrictions. They can be used in various settings such as potted plants for appreciation, courtyard arrangements, flower borders, community greening, and park beautification.

[0004] Container-grown cuttings of Magnoliaceae plants combine their high ornamental value with the advantages of clumping and container cultivation. They have a short production cycle and excellent visual appeal, making them widely applicable in modern landscaping projects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to research and develop a cultivation method for container-grown magnolia plants. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants includes the following steps: Step 1: Variety selection: Select cultivars or original species of Magnolia species with naturally dwarfed plant shapes; Step 2: Site preparation: In the seedling area, construct a high seedbed with intermittent misting and full light, using perlite as the cutting substrate; in the container seedling area, the ground should be flat, shallow beds should be made to facilitate drainage, ground cover should be laid, and sprinkler irrigation and shade facilities should be in place. Step 3: Cutting propagation: In June and July, take healthy, disease-free young branches of the current year, process them into cuttings, soak them in a fungicide solution, then quickly dip them in a rooting agent solution, plant them immediately after planting, and then cultivate them to obtain cuttings. Step 4: Root treatment: After 60-70 days, take out the cuttings obtained in Step 3 along with their roots, select several seedlings with vigorous root systems, cross the roots, wrap them with the covering substrate and pinch them tightly, and then place them in a seedling bag to form clump seedlings. Step 5: Potting and Planting: Plant the clump-forming seedlings obtained in Step 4 into planting bags, place them in the container seedling area, provide shade, and then restore normal light for cultivation; Step Six: Seedlings Removed from Nursery: After potting and cultivation, the container seedlings are removed from the nursery.

[0007] This approach selects naturally dwarfed varieties, employs cutting propagation and container cultivation to allow the roots of Magnolia species, which are intolerant of transplanting, to form a complete root ball within the container. This ensures the roots are undamaged during lifting, preventing the seedlings from crumbling, eliminating the need for a recovery period after transplanting, significantly improving survival rates, and drastically shortening the seedling growth cycle. Different sizes are applicable to various landscaping scenarios, demonstrating a wide range of applications and broad applicability in modern landscaping projects, improving construction efficiency and aesthetic appeal. Furthermore, container seedlings facilitate transportation and transplanting, reducing damage to the roots and plants during transport, minimizing seedling losses, and increasing economic benefits.

[0008] Choosing varieties with naturally dwarfed plant types eliminates the need for excessive artificial dwarfing operations, reducing cultivation costs and technical difficulties. The seedling area uses a full perlite substrate. Perlite has good air permeability and drainage, which can provide an ideal rooting environment for cuttings and improve the survival rate of cuttings. Crossing the roots of cuttings and wrapping them with substrate to form clump seedlings not only enhances the seedlings' ability to absorb water and nutrients and improves their resistance to adverse conditions, but also makes the clump root system less susceptible to damage during transplanting, greatly improving the transplant survival rate. It is also beneficial to the later growth of seedlings, making them more adaptable to changes in the external environment. More importantly, the seedlings take shape quickly and have a full tree shape, and the seedling cultivation cycle is greatly shortened. After potting and planting, shading is first applied to provide a suitable transitional environment for the newly transplanted clump-forming seedlings, reducing the damage of strong light to the seedlings, helping the seedlings to recover and adapt to the new environment. After normal light is restored, the photosynthetic needs of the seedlings can be met, promoting rapid growth of the seedlings.

[0009] Preferably, the original species or cultivated variety of the Magnoliaceae plant selected in step one is a Magnoliaceae plant original species or cultivated variety with a uniform natural skeleton, dense branching, and many axillary flowers.

[0010] In this plan, varieties with a uniform natural framework and dense branching are selected, which have a full and regular tree shape in the seedling stage; the abundance of axillary flowers gives the container seedlings extremely high ornamental value in the sales stage.

[0011] Preferably, the seedling area in step two is set up in a greenhouse, where the air temperature is maintained at 25~28℃ and the air humidity at 80%~90%.

[0012] In this plan, setting up the seedling area in a greenhouse can effectively avoid the negative impact of rain or wind on the seedbed and spraying effect; and the temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse are within a controllable range, which can ensure the normal growth of seedlings.

[0013] Preferably, in step two, the thickness of the cutting substrate is 20-30cm. The bottom layer of the substrate is first laid with a layer of pebbles, then a layer of fine sand, and finally the top layer of cutting substrate, which is then thoroughly disinfected.

[0014] In this scheme, a layer of pebbles is laid at the bottom of the substrate. The pebbles have large pores, which can absorb water and drain excess water, preventing waterlogging in the substrate and root rot of the cuttings. At the same time, the roots of Magnoliaceae plants are hydrotropic, and the moist environment below the pebble layer will induce the roots to grow downwards, forming a "vertical root system". It also serves as a physical support layer, which can disperse the pressure of the upper layer, prevent the fine sand and substrate from being compacted, and maintain the stability of the pore structure in the long term. The presence of the fine sand layer allows oxygen to diffuse freely to the base of the cuttings, promoting aerobic respiration and callus formation. In addition, it has the function of absorbing and retaining water, releasing water when the upper substrate is dry, and maintaining stable humidity around the cuttings.

[0015] Preferably, the current year's tender branches selected in step three have a diameter of 8-10 mm, the cuttings are 8-12 cm long, with a heel at the base and notched, retaining 1-2 leaves at the top, and cutting off 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the leaves.

[0016] In this method, tender shoots with a diameter of 8-10mm are in a rapid growth period, which can provide sufficient energy and endogenous hormones for callus formation and root germination; they also have strong cell division ability, high respiration intensity, and strong stress resistance; rooting of Magnoliaceae cuttings mostly occurs within the base 3-5cm, and a length of 8-12cm can ensure a reasonable distribution between the basal wound area and the nutrient reserve area; leaf treatment can balance photosynthesis and transpiration to facilitate rooting of cuttings.

[0017] Preferably, the bactericide solution mentioned in step three is an 800-1000 times dilution of carbendazim solution, and the soaking time is 10-20 minutes.

[0018] In this plan, the concentration of the fungicide solution and the soaking time are strictly controlled to avoid incomplete disinfection due to too low a concentration or too short a soaking time; and to prevent the activity of the cuttings from being inhibited or even caused by too high a concentration or too long a soaking time.

[0019] Preferably, the rooting agent solution mentioned in step three is a 3 g / L indolebutyric acid solution, and the quick-dip time is 15-20 seconds.

[0020] Preferably, in step three, water is sprayed using an intermittent spraying system, which is set as follows: in the early stage of cutting, water is sprayed once every 30 minutes, and each spray lasts for 30 seconds; after the basal callus tissue occurs, water is sprayed once every 4 hours, and each spray lasts for 2 minutes; after the new roots at the base grow to 1-2 cm, the frequency is reduced to once a day and gradually transitioned to "watering when dry".

[0021] In this scheme, by controlling and adjusting the frequency and duration of water spraying in stages, the water demand of cutting growth and root respiration are effectively balanced; high-frequency short-time water spraying in the early stage of cutting can effectively prevent cutting water loss and oxidative browning; medium-frequency short-time water spraying during the callus formation period at the base promotes callus differentiation and root formation; during the new root growth period, water spraying is reduced to once a day and gradually transitioned to "watering when dry", thereby enhancing the root system's stress resistance and functional integrity by controlling water.

[0022] Preferably, the number of seedlings with vigorous root systems selected in step four is 3 to 5; the seedling bags are 10×10cm non-woven fabric seedling bags.

[0023] In this scheme, 10×10cm biodegradable non-woven fabric seedling bags are used to ensure that the substrate is not scattered and that it is in close contact with the root system, thereby improving the survival rate of transplanting. Moreover, the bags do not need to be removed when potting.

[0024] Preferably, the coating substrate described in step four includes peat, vermiculite, and plant root growth regulators.

[0025] In this scheme, the water retention of peat and the air permeability of vermiculite complement each other, maintaining a stable moisture content and oxygen concentration in the substrate to meet the needs of root growth. At the same time, the humic acid in peat can promote the elongation of root tip cells; vermiculite can supplement minerals and enhance the root system's stress resistance; and root growth regulators can work together to promote root growth. In addition, the layered structure of vermiculite can buffer substrate temperature fluctuations and prevent high temperature burns to root tips.

[0026] The preferred plant root growth regulator is Guoguang Genpan.

[0027] Preferably, the preparation method of the coating matrix is ​​as follows: mix peat and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 1:1, and then soak them in 2000~3000 times the amount of Guoguang Genpan.

[0028] In this scheme, peat and vermiculite are mixed in a 1:1 mass ratio to ensure that the substrate maintains good water retention and aeration. Maintaining the "aeration-water retention" balance is conducive to root growth. 2000~3000 times Guoguang Root Plough has strong permeability and can completely wet the substrate in a short time, which can quickly restore and enhance root vitality and prevent root rot.

[0029] Preferably, the substrate for potting in step five is a mixture of garden soil, peat moss, homemade distiller's grains fertilizer, river sand, and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:1; wherein, the homemade distiller's grains fertilizer is obtained by composting EM microbial agent, distiller's grains, sheep manure, fallen leaves, weeds, and quicklime.

[0030] In this solution, the proper formulation of the substrate for potting ensures a balance between aeration and water retention, while also providing the nutrients needed for plant growth. Furthermore, the addition of homemade distiller's grains fertilizer not only enriches and enhances the nutrient content in the substrate but also enables the slow release of nutrients, preventing root burn. This solution addresses the problems of poor aeration, rapid nutrient release, and high pathogen content in traditional substrates.

[0031] Homemade distiller's grains fertilizer provides basic nitrogen, phosphorus, and active substances such as amino acids and vitamins; sheep manure has a balanced nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content and is rich in humic acid, which can improve soil aggregate structure and prevent soil compaction; fallen leaves / weeds are recycled waste, rich in crude fiber, which can regulate the carbon-nitrogen ratio of compost, prevent excessive nitrogen content in sheep manure from causing "bacterial burn", and can be transformed into long-lasting organic matter after decomposition; EM agent accelerates the decomposition of organic matter in distiller's grains and sheep manure and shortens the decomposition cycle; quicklime can neutralize acidity, disinfect and sterilize, create a suitable environment for some bacteria in EM agent, and at the same time increase the compost temperature to kill insect eggs and pathogens that may be carried in sheep manure and fallen leaves.

[0032] Preferably, the fermentation time is 0.5 years; after full fermentation, the nutritional content is extremely high.

[0033] Preferably, the planting bag mentioned in step five is a 30×30cm aging-resistant high-strength planting bag; the aging-resistant high-strength planting bag has strong air permeability, does not suffocate the roots, and does not perforate the roots.

[0034] Preferably, the spacing between the clustered seedlings placed in the container seedling area in step five is 60×60cm.

[0035] Preferably, the shading treatment described in step five is a 50% shading treatment for one month.

[0036] Preferably, during the seedling cultivation process in step three, a 0.1wt% to 0.2wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is applied every 10 days to supplement nutrients, while timely watering, pest control, and sterilization are also carried out.

[0037] Preferably, in step five, after potting and transplanting, apply 0.1wt% to 0.2wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10 days for 1 to 2 months to supplement nutrients, while paying attention to timely watering, pest control, and sterilization.

[0038] In this program, during the seedling cultivation period in step three and for 1-2 months after potting in step five, a 0.1wt% to 0.2wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is applied every 10 days to supplement nutrients. In the early stage, this can promote rooting and enhance the vitality of the cuttings. The phosphorus in potassium dihydrogen phosphate can stimulate root cell division and help new roots sprout. At the same time, it provides energy for the cuttings, preventing them from withering due to insufficient nutrients and maintaining their freshness. In the later stage, it can improve the seedlings' resistance by enhancing their own resistance to adapt to the environment. Potassium can strengthen cell structure, making the seedlings more drought-resistant and resistant to lodging, while reducing growth stagnation caused by environmental changes.

[0039] Preferably, the plants are transplanted after two years of potting in step six.

[0040] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants. The cultivated clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants combine their high ornamental value with the advantages of clump-forming and container seedlings. They not only maintain the excellent characteristics of the variety, but also flower early, grow quickly, have well-developed root systems, high quality, and excellent ornamental value. They can be successively transplanted after two years of potting and are not limited by transplanting time. There is no slow-down period after transplanting. Different sizes can be applied to multiple different garden scenes, with a wide range of applications, and can be widely used in modern landscaping projects.

[0041] In this invention, the survival rate of cuttings is improved by controlling the treatment of cuttings during the propagation period and selecting perlite as the seedling substrate. At the same time, by controlling the frequency and duration of water spraying in stages, the water requirements of cutting growth and root respiration are effectively balanced, which is beneficial to the growth of cuttings.

[0042] In this invention, peat, vermiculite, and plant root growth regulators are selected simultaneously as the wrapping substrate for clump seedlings to improve the survival rate of clump seedlings after potting. Peat and vermiculite work together to provide aeration and water retention, and the humic acid in peat and the mineral elements in vermiculite can promote root tip cell elongation and enhance root resistance, while the root growth regulator promotes root growth. At the same time, the layered structure of vermiculite can prevent high temperature burns to the root tips.

[0043] In this invention, the potting substrate is made of garden soil, peat moss, homemade distiller's grains fertilizer, river sand, and perlite mixed in a specific ratio. This ensures the substrate's aeration and water retention balance while providing the nutrients needed for plant growth. Furthermore, the addition of homemade distiller's grains fertilizer not only enriches and enhances the nutrient content in the substrate but also achieves slow release of nutrients, preventing root burn and promoting seedling growth.

[0044] The steps in this invention are simple and easy to perform, with low overall cost, economical and convenient post-management, and short production cycle. It can be widely promoted and applied in the efficient and safe production of dwarf Magnoliaceae plants. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments; unless otherwise specified, the reagents used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercially available sources.

[0046] Example 1 A method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants includes the following steps: Step 1: Variety selection: Select the semi-evergreen variety of Red Laughing Star Magnolia, which is a distant hybrid cultivar independently cultivated by our company. Both have dwarf plant shape, uniform natural framework, fine branching, many axillary flowers, abundant flowering and multi-season flowering, and short leaf fall period, making them excellent materials for potted ornamental plants and garden landscaping. Step Two: Site Preparation: In the seedling area, select a greenhouse to construct a high seedbed with full-light intermittent misting to avoid the negative impact of rain or wind on the seedbed and misting effect. Maintain an air temperature of 25-28℃ and an air humidity of 80%-90% inside the greenhouse. Use perlite as the cutting substrate, with a thickness of 20-30cm. First, lay a layer of pebbles at the bottom of the substrate, then a layer of fine sand, and finally the top layer of cutting substrate. Thoroughly disinfect the substrate. In the container seedling area, level the ground, make shallow beds to facilitate drainage, lay ground cover, and set up sprinkler and shade structures. Step 3: Cuttings Propagation: In mid-July 2021, collect healthy, disease-free, and pest-free current-year shoots of *Magnolia denudata* with a diameter of 8-10mm. Prepare 8cm long cuttings, ensuring the base of the cutting has a heel and is notched. Retain 1-2 leaves at the top, removing 1 / 2-2 / 3 of each leaf. Soak the cuttings in an 800x carbendazim solution for 20 minutes, then quickly dip them in a 3g / L indolebutyric acid solution for 15 seconds before planting. Immediately after planting, spray water for transplanting. In the early stages of propagation, spray water every 30 minutes for 30 seconds each time. After callus formation at the base, spray water every 4 hours for 2 minutes each time. Once new roots at the base reach 1-2cm in length, reduce the frequency to once a day and gradually transition to a "dry-wet cycle." Step Four: Root Treatment: After 60 days, the root systems of the *Magnolia denudata* cuttings will have developed. Select three seedlings with vigorous root systems, cross the roots, wrap them tightly with a wrapping substrate, and then place them in a 10×10cm biodegradable non-woven fabric seedling bag to form a clump of seedlings. The wrapping substrate is prepared by mixing peat moss and vermiculite in a 1:1 mass ratio, and then soaking it in 2000 times diluted Guoguang Root Protectant. The effective substances in Guoguang Root Protectant are indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, both at a concentration of 2.5%. Step 5: Potting and Planting: Plant the obtained clump-forming seedlings of *Magnolia denudata* in 30×30cm high-strength, age-resistant planting bags, placing them in the container seedling area at 60×60cm intervals. After one month of 50% shading, resume normal light exposure. The substrate for potting and planting is a mixture of garden soil, peat moss, homemade distiller's grains fertilizer, river sand, and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:1. The homemade distiller's grains fertilizer is obtained by composting EM inoculant, distiller's grains, sheep manure, fallen leaves, weeds, and quicklime for 0.5 years. Step 6: Seedling Delivery: Two years after potting and planting, container seedlings of different sizes can be successively delivered to different landscaping applications. During the seedling cultivation period in step three and the two months after potting in step five, apply 0.1wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10 days to supplement nutrients. In the early stage, it promotes rooting and enhances the vitality of cuttings, and in the later stage, it increases the resistance of seedlings. At the same time, pay attention to timely watering, pest control and sterilization. After two months, routine seedling management can be carried out according to the actual growth situation. In northern areas, pay attention to cold protection. During the cultivation period, the growth of Magnolia 'Red Laughing Star' was statistically analyzed: the survival rate of cuttings was 85% during the propagation period, the survival rate of container seedlings was 99% two years after potting, and the survival rate was 100% after transplanting.

[0047] Example 2 A method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants includes the following steps: Step 1: Variety selection: Select the semi-evergreen variety of Magnolia simonii, which is a distant hybrid cultivar of our company. Both have dwarf plant shape, uniform natural framework, fine branching, many axillary flowers, abundant flowering and multi-season flowering, and short leaf fall period, making them excellent materials for potted ornamental plants and garden landscaping. Step Two: Site Preparation: In the seedling area, select a greenhouse to construct a high seedbed with intermittent misting and full light. Maintain an air temperature of 25-28℃ and an air humidity of 80%-90% inside the greenhouse. Use perlite as the cutting substrate, with a thickness of 20-30cm. First, lay a layer of pebbles at the bottom of the substrate, then a layer of fine sand, and finally the top layer of cutting substrate. Thoroughly disinfect the substrate. In the container seedling area, level the ground, make shallow beds to facilitate drainage, lay ground cover, and set up sprinkler and shade structures. Step 3: Cuttings Propagation: In mid-July 2021, collect healthy, disease-free, and pest-free current-year shoots of Magnolia simonii with a diameter of 8-10mm. Prepare 12cm long cuttings, ensuring the base of the cutting has a heel and is notched. Retain 1-2 leaves at the top, removing 1 / 2-2 / 3 of each leaf. Soak the cuttings in a 1000-fold diluted carbendazim solution for 30 minutes, then quickly dip them in a 3g / L indolebutyric acid solution for 25 seconds before planting. Immediately after planting, spray water for planting. In the early stages of planting, spray water every 30 minutes for 30 seconds each time. After callus formation at the base, spray water every 4 hours for 2 minutes each time. Once new roots at the base reach 1-2cm in length, reduce the frequency to once a day and gradually transition to a "dry-wet cycle."

[0048] Step 4: Root Treatment: After 60 days, the roots of the *Magnolia denudata* cuttings will have developed. Select four seedlings with vigorous root systems, cross the roots, wrap them tightly with a wrapping substrate, and then place them in a 10×10cm biodegradable non-woven fabric seedling bag to form clump-forming seedlings. The wrapping substrate is prepared by mixing peat moss and vermiculite in a 1:1 mass ratio, and then soaking it in a 3000-fold dilution of Guoguang Rooting Agent. The effective substances in Guoguang Rooting Agent are indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, both at a concentration of 2.5%. Step 5: Potting and Planting: Plant the obtained small-sized Magnolia champaca clump seedlings in 30×30cm high-strength, age-resistant planting bags, placing them in the container seedling area at 60×60cm intervals. After one month of 50% shading, resume normal light exposure. The substrate for potting and planting is a mixture of garden soil, peat moss, homemade distiller's grains fertilizer, river sand, and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:1. The homemade distiller's grains fertilizer is obtained by composting EM inoculant, distiller's grains, sheep manure, fallen leaves, weeds, and quicklime for 0.5 years. Step 6: Seedlings Removal from Nursery: Two years after potting and planting, container seedlings of different sizes can be successively removed from the nursery and placed in different landscaping applications. During the seedling cultivation period in step three and the two months after potting in step five, apply 0.2wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10 days to supplement nutrients. In the early stage, it promotes rooting and enhances the vitality of cuttings, and in the later stage, it increases the resistance of seedlings. At the same time, pay attention to timely watering, pest control and sterilization. After two months, routine seedling management can be carried out according to the actual growth situation. During the cultivation period, the growth of Magnolia simonii was statistically analyzed: the survival rate of cuttings was 83% during the propagation period, the survival rate of container seedlings was 99% after 2 years of potting, and the survival rate was 100% after transplanting.

[0049] Example 3 A method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants includes the following steps: Step 1: Variety Selection: Select the deciduous variety Magnolia 'Flowing Light' that we have independently cultivated. It has a dwarf and regular plant shape, a uniform natural framework, dense branching, many axillary flowers, and abundant blooms, making it a high-quality material for home gardening, flower border creation, and small park design. Step Two: Site Preparation: In the seedling area, select a greenhouse to construct a high seedbed with full-light intermittent misting to avoid the negative impact of rain or wind on the seedbed and misting effect. Maintain an air temperature of 25-28℃ and an air humidity of 80%-90% inside the greenhouse. Use perlite as the cutting substrate, with a thickness of 20-30cm. First, lay a layer of pebbles at the bottom of the substrate, then a layer of fine sand, and finally the top layer of cutting substrate. Thoroughly disinfect the substrate. In the container seedling area, level the ground, make shallow beds to facilitate drainage, lay ground cover, and set up sprinkler and shade structures. Step 3: Cuttings Propagation: In mid-June 2023, collect healthy, disease-free, and pest-free current-year shoots of Magnolia liliiflora with a diameter of 10mm. Prepare 10cm long cuttings, ensuring the base of the cutting has a heel and is notched. Retain one leaf at the top, removing 2 / 3 of the leaf. Soak the cuttings in a 900-fold carbendazim solution for 2 minutes, then quickly dip them in a 3g / L indolebutyric acid solution for 20 seconds before planting. Immediately after planting, spray water for planting. In the early stages of propagation, spray water every 30 minutes for 30 seconds each time. After callus formation at the base, spray water every 4 hours for 2 minutes each time. Once new roots at the base reach 1-2cm in length, reduce the frequency to once a day and gradually transition to a "dry-wet cycle." Step 4: Root Treatment: After 70 days, the roots of the Magnolia lilacina cuttings will have developed. Select 3 seedlings with vigorous root systems, cross the roots, wrap them tightly with the wrapping substrate, and then place them in a 10×10cm biodegradable non-woven fabric seedling bag to form a clump of seedlings. The wrapping substrate is prepared by mixing peat moss and vermiculite in a 1:1 mass ratio, and then soaking it in 2500 times diluted Guoguang Root Protectant. The effective substances in Guoguang Root Protectant are indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, both at a concentration of 2.5%. Step 5: Potting and Planting: Plant the obtained Magnolia lilacina clump seedlings in 30×30cm high-strength, age-resistant planting bags, and place them in the container seedling area at 60×60cm intervals. After one month of 50% shading, resume normal light exposure. The substrate for potting and planting is a mixture of garden soil, peat moss, homemade distiller's grains fertilizer, river sand, and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:1. The homemade distiller's grains fertilizer is obtained by composting EM inoculant, distiller's grains, sheep manure, fallen leaves, weeds, and quicklime for 0.5 years. Step Six: Seedlings leaving the nursery: Two years after potting and planting, seedlings in different sizes can be successively removed from the nursery and placed in different landscaping applications. During the seedling cultivation period in step three and the two months after potting in step five, apply 0.15wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10 days to supplement nutrients. In the early stage, it promotes rooting and enhances the vitality of cuttings, and in the later stage, it increases the resistance of seedlings. At the same time, pay attention to timely watering, pest control and sterilization. After two months, routine seedling management can be carried out according to the actual growth situation. During this period, the growth of Magnolia lilacinus was statistically analyzed: the survival rate of cuttings was 81% during the propagation period, the survival rate of container seedlings was 98% after 2 years of potting, and the survival rate was 100% after transplanting.

[0050] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as Example 3, except that in step two: site preparation: in the seedling area, a high seedbed with full light intermittent spraying is made in a greenhouse. The air temperature inside the greenhouse is maintained at 25~28℃ and the air humidity at 80%~90%. Perlite is used as the cutting substrate, with a thickness of 20~30cm. A layer of fine sand is laid at the bottom of the substrate, followed by the cutting substrate, and the substrate is thoroughly disinfected. In the container seedling area, the ground is leveled, shallow beds are made to facilitate drainage, ground cover is laid, and sprinkler and shade facilities are set up. During the cultivation period, the growth of Magnolia luxuriantis was statistically analyzed: the survival rate of cuttings was 58% during the propagation period, the survival rate of container seedlings was 98% after 2 years of potting, and the survival rate was 100% after transplanting.

[0051] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Example 3, except that in step three: cutting propagation: In mid-June 2023, healthy, disease-free, and pest-free young shoots of Magnolia liliiflora with a diameter of 10mm were collected and processed into cuttings about 10cm long. The base of the cutting was kept with a heel and notched as much as possible, and one leaf was retained at the top, with 2 / 3 of the leaf cut off. The cuttings were soaked in a 1000-fold carbendazim solution for 20 minutes, and then dipped in a 3g / L indolebutyric acid solution for 25 seconds before being planted. Water was sprayed immediately after planting. In the early stage of cutting, water was sprayed once every 1 hour for 1 minute each time. After the basal callus tissue formed, water was sprayed once every 8 hours for 4 minutes each time. After the new roots at the base grew to 1-2cm, the frequency of watering was reduced to once a day and gradually transitioned to "watering when dry". During the cultivation period, the survival rate of cuttings was 62%, the survival rate of container seedlings was 98% after 2 years of potting, and the survival rate was 100% after transplanting.

[0052] Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 3 is basically the same as Example 3, except that the preparation method of the coating matrix in step four is as follows: mix peat and perlite in a mass ratio of 1:1, and then soak them in 2500 times the amount of Guoguang Genpan. During the cultivation period, the survival rate of cuttings was 80%, the survival rate of container seedlings was 90% after 2 years of potting, and the survival rate was 100% after transplanting.

[0053] Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 4 is basically the same as Example 3, except that in step five: potting and planting: the obtained Magnolia lilacina clump seedlings are planted in 30×30cm aging-resistant high-strength planting bags, placed in the container seedling area at 60×60cm intervals, and treated with 50% shade for one month before returning to normal light; the substrate for potting and planting is a mixture of garden soil, peat moss, homemade distiller's grains fertilizer, river sand, and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:1, wherein the homemade distiller's grains fertilizer is obtained by composting EM agent, distiller's grains, sheep manure, fallen leaves, and weeds for 0.5 years; During the cultivation period, the survival rate of cuttings was 80%, the survival rate of container seedlings two years after potting was 60%, and the survival rate after transplanting was 100%.

[0054] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Variety selection: Select cultivars or original species of Magnolia species with naturally dwarfed plant shapes; Step 2: Site preparation: In the seedling area, construct a high seedbed with intermittent misting and full light, using perlite as the cutting substrate; in the container seedling area, the ground should be flat, shallow beds should be made to facilitate drainage, ground cover should be laid, and sprinkler irrigation and shade facilities should be in place. Step 3: Cutting propagation: In June and July, take healthy, disease-free young branches of the current year, process them into cuttings, soak them in a fungicide solution, then quickly dip them in a rooting agent solution, plant them immediately after planting, and then cultivate them to obtain cuttings. Step 4: Root treatment: After 60-70 days, take out the cuttings obtained in Step 3 along with their roots, select several seedlings with vigorous root systems, cross the roots, wrap them with the covering substrate, pinch them tightly, and then place them in a seedling bag to form clump seedlings. Step 5: Potting and Planting: Plant the clump-forming seedlings obtained in Step 4 into planting bags, then place them in the container seedling area, provide shade, and then restore normal light for cultivation. Step Six: Seedling Removal: After potting and planting, the container seedlings are removed from the nursery.

2. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The original species or cultivated variety of Magnoliaceae plant selected in step one is a Magnoliaceae plant with a uniform natural skeleton, dense branching, and many axillary flowers.

3. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2: The seedling area is set up in a greenhouse, where the air temperature is maintained at 25-28℃ and the air humidity at 80%-90%.

4. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2: The thickness of the cutting substrate should be 20-30cm. First, lay a layer of pebbles at the bottom of the substrate, then a layer of fine sand, and finally lay the cutting substrate on the top layer, and then disinfect it thoroughly.

5. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3: Select current-year shoots with a diameter of 8-10mm; the cuttings are 8-12cm long, with a heel and notches at the base, retaining 1-2 leaves at the top, and cutting off 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the leaves.

6. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, water is sprayed using an intermittent spraying system, which is set as follows: in the early stage of cutting, water is sprayed once every 30 minutes, and each spray lasts for 30 seconds; after the basal callus tissue occurs, water is sprayed once every 4 hours, and each spray lasts for 2 minutes; after the new roots at the base grow to 1-2 cm, the frequency is reduced to once a day and gradually transitioned to "watering when dry".

7. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating substrate mentioned in step four includes peat, vermiculite, and plant root growth regulators.

8. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plant root growth regulator is Guoguang Genpan; the preparation method of the coating matrix is ​​as follows: mix peat and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 1:1, and then soak them in 2000~3000 times the amount of Guoguang Genpan.

9. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate for potting in step five is a mixture of garden soil, peat moss, homemade distiller's grains fertilizer, river sand, and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:

1. The homemade distiller's grains fertilizer is made by composting EM bacteria, distiller's grains, sheep manure, fallen leaves, weeds, and quicklime.

10. The method for cultivating clump-forming container seedlings of Magnoliaceae plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the seedling cultivation period in step three and for 1-2 months after potting in step five, apply 0.1 wt% to 0.2 wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10 days to supplement nutrients, while watering, pest control, and sterilization in a timely manner.