Rapid planting method for pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert region based on salinity gradient regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-salinity desert region pioneer vegetation rapid planting method based on salinity gradient regulation and control, and relates to the technical field of vegetation planting. The method can effectively regulate and control gradient distribution of salinity in the high-salinity desert region, reduce salt stress of a root zone, improve the seed germination rate and the seedling survival rate of pioneer vegetation, effectively inhibit surface salinity accumulation and optimize moisture distribution, thereby promoting rapid field planting and healthy growth of vegetation; by constructing a stable salinity gradient and moisture regulation and control system, through a micro-irrigation system and a mixed matrix layer, the moisture utilization efficiency is optimized, the fresh water consumption is reduced, the vegetation coverage is improved, the soil erosion risk can be reduced, the stress resistance of an ecological system is enhanced, and the vegetation coverage is rapidly improved in a short time; finally, the desert region is promoted to succession towards a multi-layer and stable arbor-shrub-grass community structure, the soil fertility and the microclimate environment are improved, the stability and the wind erosion resistance of an ecological system are enhanced, and reliable technical support is provided for sustainable ecological restoration.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vegetation establishment, in particular to a rapid establishment method of pioneer vegetation in high-salt desert area based on salt gradient regulation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The salt desert area, also known as the salt marsh and desert, is a dry desert area covered with a large amount of salt minerals on the ground surface, which belongs to a type of desert.

[0003] Vegetation establishment is a technical system for establishing a plant cover layer in a specific area through scientific methods, aiming to improve the ecological environment and achieve greening goals. Through vegetation establishment, soil erosion is prevented, seed loss is reduced, and plant community formation is promoted, thereby stabilizing the ground surface and improving ecological functions.

[0004] The existing rapid establishment method of pioneer vegetation in high-salt desert area usually adopts the method of directly sowing salt-tolerant plant seeds or transplanting salt-tolerant seedlings. However, these methods have significant limitations in high-salt environments: first, the seed germination rate and seedling survival rate are generally low, and are severely affected by osmotic stress and ion toxicity caused by high salt concentration, with a long growth cycle; second, a large amount of irrigation is required for salt leaching to reduce root zone salt, resulting in huge water resource consumption and unstable effects, and the salt is easily raised again with evaporation after stopping irrigation; third, there is a lack of effective regulation of micro-regional salt differences, making it difficult to form a local low-salt environment conducive to the establishment and growth of pioneer plants, resulting in slow vegetation establishment, low coverage, and uneven distribution. Therefore, we propose a rapid establishment method of pioneer vegetation in high-salt desert area based on salt gradient regulation. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a rapid establishment method of pioneer vegetation in high-salt desert area based on salt gradient regulation, to solve the problems of low seed germination rate and seedling survival rate, severe osmotic stress and ion toxicity caused by high salt concentration, long growth cycle, the need for a large amount of irrigation for salt leaching to reduce root zone salt, huge water resource consumption and unstable effects, and the easy rise of salt with evaporation after stopping irrigation, as well as the lack of effective regulation of micro-regional salt differences, making it difficult to form a local low-salt environment conducive to the establishment and growth of pioneer plants, resulting in slow vegetation establishment, low coverage, and uneven distribution.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application specifically adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A rapid establishment method of pioneer vegetation in high-salt desert area based on salt gradient regulation, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, terrain preprocessing: excavate a parallel trench system with a depth of 20-30 cm in the target planting area, the trench direction is perpendicular to the dominant wind direction, and the slot spacing is 1.2-1.5 times the diameter of the adult canopy of the local target pioneer vegetation;

[0009] S2, construct a salt gradient: lay a 5cm thick biochar isolation layer at the bottom of the trench, and cover it with a 15cm thick mixed substrate layer to form a salt buffer zone;

[0010] S3, water regulation system: embed a micro-porous seepage irrigation pipe along the trench direction, with the pipe body 10 cm from the ground surface, connected to the rainwater collection cellar system to realize water storage and replenishment during the rainy season;

[0011] S4, configure the pioneer vegetation: after selecting mixed seeds, use seed coating technology to wrap the germination promoting bacteria;

[0012] S5, gradient seeding operation: implement strip seeding at the junction of the trench slope, with a seeding depth of 1.5-2 cm, a seeding amount of 0.8-1.2 g per meter, and a 2cm thick straw chip layer after seeding;

[0013] S6, habitat maintenance management: supply 3-5mm of fresh water per week through the micro-irrigation system during the seedling stage, and monitor the root zone salt content every month during the seedling stage. When the EC value is greater than 8dS / m, start the micro-area leaching program;

[0014] S7, vegetation succession regulation: when the annual vegetation coverage reaches 40%, plant mid-chemical herbaceous species on the slope between the trenches, and gradually build a three-dimensional community structure of trees, shrubs and grasses.

[0015] Further, the side of the trench system is provided with a grass grid sand barrier, the grid size is 1m x 1m, and the local reed straw is used to enhance the wind erosion resistance.

[0016] Further, the mixed substrate layer is composed of 50%-65% wind-blown sand, 20%-30% humus soil, 10%-15% vermiculite particles and 5%-8% zeolite powder, uniformly mixed in a volume ratio.

[0017] Further, the micro-porous seepage irrigation pipe adopts PE pipe material with an inner diameter of 10-15mm, and the pipe wall is uniformly provided with water seepage holes with a diameter of 0.3-0.5mm, with a hole spacing of 10-15cm, and the pipe body is wrapped with a 200g / m 2 non-woven fabric filter layer to prevent substrate blockage.

[0018] Further, the water regulation system further comprises:

[0019] The rainwater collection tank unit is composed of a rainwater collection tank, a primary filter screen, a sedimentation tank, a conveying pipeline and an ultraviolet disinfection device. The rainwater collection tank is arranged at a low-lying position and has a volume of 5-10 cubic meters. The rainwater collection tank is connected to the micro-porous infiltration irrigation pipe through a PVC pipeline to realize automatic water replenishment in the rainy season. The primary filter screen is used to preliminarily filter large-particle impurities such as fallen leaves and sand in the rainwater to prevent the subsequent system from being blocked. The sedimentation tank is used to settle small-particle substances and suspended matters in the rainwater, and the residence time is 2-4 hours to improve the water quality transparency. The conveying pipeline is made of corrosion-resistant PVC material and has an inner diameter of 20-25 mm. The conveying pipeline is connected to the sedimentation tank and the ultraviolet disinfection device and is provided with a pressure regulating valve to control the flow rate. The ultraviolet disinfection device is internally provided with an ultraviolet lamp tube with a radiation intensity of 40-60 mJ / cm 2 , which is used to kill bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms in the water to ensure the biological safety of the irrigation water. Finally, the water is connected to the micro-porous infiltration irrigation pipe to realize automatic replenishment.

[0020] A water content sensor is buried in the substrate layer at a depth of 10-15 cm to monitor the soil moisture data in real time. The preset soil moisture threshold range is 15%-25%.

[0021] A soil salt content sensor is buried in the substrate layer at a depth of 10-15 cm to monitor the soil salt content data in real time. The preset salt content threshold range is 0.5%-1.0%.

[0022] An automatic control unit integrates the feedback signals of the water content sensor and the soil salt content sensor. When the monitoring value exceeds the threshold value, the automatic control unit automatically starts or stops the micro-porous infiltration irrigation pipe to realize precise irrigation control.

[0023] Further, the automatic control unit further integrates a solar power supply module for converting solar energy into electric energy to provide stable power supply for the automatic control unit, the water content sensor and the soil salt content sensor.

[0024] Further, the mixed seeds are selected from Tamarix, Suaeda salsa and Calligonum, and are mixed at a mass ratio of 3:5:2.

[0025] Further, the seed coating technology includes a germination promoting bacterial agent containing rhizobium, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and salt bacillus probiotic group, and the effective viable count of the germination promoting bacterial agent is greater than or equal to 2×10 8 CFU / g. The seed coating technology further includes adding 0.5%-1.0% of a water-retaining agent. The water-retaining agent is a polyacrylate high molecular material with a water absorption ratio of 200-300 times to improve the germination rate of the seeds under drought conditions.

[0026] Further, the microzone leaching procedure is specifically: continuously dripping low salinity water body (EC≤1.5dS / m) through the micro-porous infiltration pipe at a rate of 2L / m·h for 8-12 hours, and the EC value of the root zone is reduced to below 5dS / m after leaching.

[0027] Further, the mesophytic herbaceous species include Suaeda salsa, Artemisia sphaerocephala and Alhagi, which are planted at a mass ratio of 4:3:3, the dibbling depth is 2-3cm, the dibbling spacing is 25-30cm, and 1cm thick humus soil is covered after sowing to promote germination.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0029] 1. The present application can effectively regulate the salt gradient distribution in high-salt desert areas, reduce the salt stress in the root zone, improve the seed germination rate and seedling survival rate of pioneer vegetation, effectively inhibit the accumulation of surface salt, and optimize the water distribution, thereby promoting the rapid planting and healthy growth of vegetation.

[0030] 2. The present application can reduce the risk of soil erosion, enhance the resistance of the ecological system, and realize the rapid improvement of vegetation coverage in a short period of time by constructing a stable salt gradient and water regulation system, optimizing water use efficiency through a micro-irrigation system and a mixed substrate layer, reducing fresh water consumption, and improving vegetation coverage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system module of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 The present application provides a rapid planting method for pioneer vegetation in high-salt desert areas based on salt gradient regulation, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1, terrain preprocessing: excavate a parallel trench system with a depth of 20-30 cm in the target planting area. The parallel trench system can effectively intercept wind sand and collect precipitation, forming a local micro-depression, thereby reducing the accumulation of surface salt and optimizing water distribution. The trench direction is perpendicular to the dominant wind direction, which can enhance the efficiency of sand interception, effectively reduce the surface wind speed and reduce the risk of soil erosion, while optimizing the effect of precipitation collection and forming a stable water microenvironment. The trench spacing is set to 1.2-1.5 times the diameter of the adult canopy of the local target pioneer vegetation, thereby optimizing the spatial distribution of vegetation, reducing inter-individual competition, and ensuring the full expansion of the adult vegetation canopy. A 5-10 cm thick gravel layer is laid at the bottom of the trench to enhance drainage performance and prevent salt backflow.

[0036] S2, construct a salt gradient: lay a 5 cm thick biochar isolation layer at the bottom of the trench. The thick biochar isolation layer can effectively adsorb and fix salt ions, reducing the risk of upward migration of soil salt, thereby forming a low-salt environment at the bottom of the trench. A 15 cm thick mixed substrate layer is overlaid on it to form a salt buffer zone, which can absorb and buffer the salt fluctuations in the upper soil, adsorb excess salt ions when water infiltrates, and slow down the rate of salt downward migration, thereby maintaining the stability of the low-salt environment at the bottom of the trench. At the same time, the mixed substrate layer provides initial nutrients and water buffer for the vegetation roots, effectively isolates high-salt stress, and promotes the rapid establishment and healthy growth of pioneer vegetation.

[0037] S3, water regulation system: micro-porous seepage irrigation pipes are buried along the trench direction, with the pipe body 10 cm from the ground, connected to the rainwater collection cellar system for rainwater storage and replenishment during the rainy season. The micro-porous seepage irrigation pipe can slowly release water to the deep soil, directly supply the vegetation roots, reduce surface evaporation loss, thereby maintain a stable soil moisture environment, optimize water use efficiency, and prevent salt accumulation on the surface with water evaporation; At the same time, this system supports precise irrigation regulation, dynamically adjusts the water supply according to seasonal changes and vegetation water demand characteristics, ensures uniform water distribution, avoids local drought or waterlogging, and further enhances the stress resistance and rapid establishment ability of pioneer vegetation.

[0038] S4, configure pioneer vegetation: after selecting mixed seeds, seed coating technology is used to wrap seed germination promoting agents. This setting can form a physical protective layer on the seed surface, effectively isolating the direct stress of high-salt soil on the seed. At the same time, the precisely controlled bacterial agent (such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi or salt-tolerant growth-promoting bacteria) is gradually released during the seed germination process, significantly enhancing the germination vigor and early root development of seeds in salt stress environment through the secretion of plant hormones, dissolution of insoluble nutrients, and formation of symbiotic bodies, etc.

[0039] S5, Gradient seeding operation: Implement strip seeding at the junction of the trench side slope, with a seeding depth of 1.5-2 cm and a seeding amount of 0.8-1.2 g per meter, so as to accurately control the seeding density per unit area; cover a 2 cm thick layer of straw debris after seeding, which can effectively reduce surface water evaporation, maintain a stable soil humidity environment, prevent salt accumulation on the surface by capillary action, and inhibit weed growth and buffer temperature fluctuations, thereby providing an optimized microenvironment for seed germination and significantly improving the success rate of pioneer vegetation planting and early growth.

[0040] S6, Habitat maintenance management: Supply 3-5 mm of fresh water per week through the micro-irrigation system during the seedling stage, and monitor the root zone salt content every month during the seedling stage. When the EC value is >8 dS / m, start the micro-zone leaching program. Apply fresh water to the root zone through the micro-zone leaching program to leach and remove excess salt ions, thereby controlling the EC value to be below 5 dS / m, maintaining a stable low-salt environment, and avoiding salt accumulation to inhibit seedling growth.

[0041] S7, Vegetation succession regulation: After the coverage of annual vegetation reaches 40%, point planting of mesochemical herbaceous species on the inter-trench slope is carried out to gradually build a three-dimensional community structure of trees, shrubs, and grasses. This can effectively intercept precipitation, reduce surface runoff, improve soil fertility, and enhance biodiversity, providing a sheltered habitat for subsequent mesochemical species, thereby promoting the succession of the ecosystem to a stable state, reducing the risk of water and soil erosion, and optimizing the microclimate environment, ultimately achieving sustainable vegetation restoration and ecological balance in high-salt desert areas.

[0042] The above method steps can effectively regulate the salt gradient distribution in high-salt desert areas, reduce root zone salt stress, improve seed germination rate and seedling survival rate of pioneer vegetation, effectively inhibit surface salt accumulation, and optimize water distribution, thereby promoting rapid planting and healthy growth of vegetation. At the same time, by building a stable salt gradient and water regulation system, optimizing water use efficiency through the micro-irrigation system and mixed substrate layer, reducing fresh water consumption, improving vegetation coverage, reducing the risk of soil erosion, enhancing the resistance of the ecosystem, and rapidly improving vegetation coverage in the short term, the ecosystem is promoted to a multi-level, stable tree-shrub-grass community structure, improving soil fertility and microclimate environment, enhancing the stability and wind erosion resistance of the ecosystem, and providing reliable technical support for sustainable ecological restoration.

[0043] In this embodiment, preferably, the trench system is provided with a grass lattice sand barrier on the side, with a grid size of 1m x 1m, made of local reed straw to enhance wind erosion resistance. This can improve the overall service life of the trench system and has better economic benefits.

[0044] In this embodiment, preferably, the mixed substrate layer is composed of 50% to 65% aeolian sand, 20% to 30% humus soil, 10% to 15% vermiculite particles and 5% to 8% zeolite powder, uniformly mixed in volume ratio. Among them, aeolian sand is used to provide good structural support and water permeability, reduce soil compaction; humus soil is rich in organic matter and nutrients, used to promote root development; vermiculite particles enhance water retention capacity and stabilize water supply; zeolite powder reduces salt concentration through ion adsorption, forming a dynamic salt buffer mechanism; through the mixed substrate layer with this kind of optimized ratio, not only can effectively isolate the high salt environment, but also can provide an ideal microenvironment for the germination of pioneer vegetation seeds and the growth of seedlings, effectively improving the success rate of construction and planting.

[0045] In this embodiment, preferably, the microporous seepage irrigation pipe adopts PE pipe material with an inner diameter of 10 to 15 mm, and the pipe wall is uniformly provided with water seepage holes with a hole diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, with a hole spacing of 10 to 15 cm, and the pipe body is wrapped with a 200g / m 2 non-woven fabric filter layer outside to prevent substrate blockage.

[0046] In this embodiment, preferably, the water regulation system further comprises:

[0047] The rainwater collection cellar unit is composed of a rainwater collection pool, a primary filter screen, a sedimentation tank, a conveying pipeline and an ultraviolet disinfection device. The rainwater collection pool is arranged at a low-lying place and has a volume of 5 to 10 cubic meters, connected to the microporous seepage irrigation pipe through a PVC pipeline to realize automatic water supply in the rainy season; the primary filter screen is used to preliminarily filter large particles in the rainwater, such as fallen leaves, sand and stones, to prevent the subsequent system from being blocked; the sedimentation tank is used to settle small particles and suspended matters in the rainwater, with a residence time of 2 to 4 hours to improve water transparency; the conveying pipeline adopts corrosion-resistant PVC material with an inner diameter of 20 to 25 mm, connecting the sedimentation tank and the ultraviolet disinfection device and being provided with a pressure regulating valve to control flow rate; the ultraviolet disinfection device is provided with an ultraviolet lamp tube with a radiation intensity of 40 to 60 mJ / cm 2 , used to kill bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms in the water to ensure biological safety of the irrigation water, and finally connected to the microporous seepage irrigation pipe through a connecting pipe to realize automatic supply. By constructing the rainwater collection cellar unit, the precipitation in the rainy season can be effectively utilized, the dependence on artificial water sources is reduced, the water resource utilization efficiency is improved, and through the automatic supply mechanism, the biological safety and stability of the irrigation water quality are ensured, thereby supporting the rapid construction and long-term growth of pioneer vegetation in high-salt desert areas, reducing the risk of salt accumulation, and enhancing the adaptability and sustainability of the system in arid environments.

[0048] The water content sensor is buried in the substrate layer at a depth of 10-15 cm to monitor real-time soil moisture data, and the preset soil moisture threshold range is 15%-25%. The water content sensor is set to realize precise monitoring and feedback control of soil moisture. When the monitoring value is lower than the lower limit of the preset threshold, the irrigation system is automatically triggered to start, and the sterilized rainwater is supplied to the substrate layer through the micro-porous seepage irrigation pipe. When the humidity reaches the upper limit of the threshold, the system automatically stops irrigation to ensure the dynamic balance and efficient use of water supply.

[0049] The soil salt content sensor is buried in the substrate layer at a depth of 10-15 cm to monitor real-time soil salt concentration data, and the preset salt concentration threshold range is 0.5%-1.0%. The soil salt content sensor is set to realize precise monitoring and feedback control of soil salt concentration. When the monitoring value exceeds the upper limit of the preset threshold (1.0%), the automatic flushing mechanism is automatically triggered to dilute through the connected drainage system or increase the amount of low-salt irrigation water. When the monitoring value is lower than the lower limit of the threshold (0.5%), the system automatically maintains or adjusts the irrigation parameters to reduce intervention, ensuring that the salt concentration is maintained within a safe range, thereby reducing the risk of salt accumulation and supporting the stable growth of pioneer vegetation.

[0050] The automatic control unit integrates the feedback signals of the water content sensor and the soil salt content sensor, and automatically starts or stops the micro-porous seepage irrigation pipe when the monitoring value exceeds the threshold, realizing precise irrigation control. By setting the automatic control unit, intelligent control of soil moisture and salt concentration can be realized, irrigation decisions can be optimized through real-time data processing algorithms, and timely responses can be ensured when the monitoring value deviates from the preset range, thereby maintaining the dynamic balance of substrate water supply and the salt safety threshold, effectively reducing resource waste and salt damage risk, and supporting the stable growth and rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in saline-alkali stress environment.

[0051] In this embodiment, the automatic control unit also integrates a solar power supply module to convert solar energy into electrical energy, providing stable power supply for the automatic control unit, the water content sensor, and the soil salt content sensor. This can ensure continuous and stable operation of the system in remote high-salt desert areas without relying on external power supply, thereby reducing energy costs, reducing maintenance requirements, and improving the environmental adaptability and reliability of the entire irrigation control system, supporting the sustainable growth and rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in long-term saline-alkali stress environment.

[0052] In this embodiment, the mixed seeds are preferably selected from Tamarix, Suaeda salsa, and Calligonum, and are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:5:2. This mixture can fully utilize the deep-rooted nitrogen-fixing advantage of Tamarix, the high salt-tolerant characteristic of Suaeda salsa, and the rapid surface coverage ability of Calligonum, forming a complementary growth mechanism in the saline-alkali gradient environment, effectively improving seed germination rate, seedling stress resistance, and community stability, thereby accelerating the establishment process of pioneer vegetation and reducing the risk of salt damage.

[0053] In this embodiment, preferably, the seed coating technology contains rhizobium, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and salt bacillus probiotic groups, and the effective viable count is greater than or equal to 2x10 8 CFU / g, and the seed coating technology further comprises adding 0.5% to 1.0% of a water-retaining agent by mass ratio, the water-retaining agent being a polyacrylate high molecular material with a water absorption ratio of 200 to 300 times, so as to improve the germination rate of the seeds under drought conditions.

[0054] In this embodiment, preferably, the micro-zone leaching procedure is as follows: continuously dripping low-mineralized water (EC≤1.5dS / m) through the micro-porous infiltration pipe at a rate of 2L / m·h for 8 to 12 hours, so that the EC value of the root zone is reduced to below 5dS / m after leaching; and then the salt dynamic balance of the root zone can be effectively maintained, the salt accumulation under drought conditions can be prevented, the energy consumption and maintenance frequency of the irrigation system can be significantly reduced, the adaptability of the irrigation system to high-salt environment can be enhanced, and finally the stable establishment and rapid growth of the pioneer vegetation in the saline-alkali gradient can be supported.

[0055] In this embodiment, preferably, the mesophytic herbaceous species include Suaeda salsa, Artemisia sphaerocephala and Alhagi maurorum, and are planted at a mass ratio of 4:3:3; such planting can fully utilize the high-salt tolerance of Suaeda salsa, the strong drought resistance of Artemisia sphaerocephala and the deep-rooted nitrogen-fixing characteristics of Alhagi maurorum, form a complementary synergistic effect, improve the germination rate, survival rate and growth rate of the vegetation in the saline-alkali gradient, optimize the soil structure, reduce water evaporation, and enhance the response efficiency to the micro-zone leaching procedure, so as to support the stable establishment and long-term sustainability of the pioneer community. The dibbling depth is 2 to 3 cm, the dibbling spacing is 25 to 30 cm, and a 1 cm thick layer of humus is covered after sowing to promote germination; then the seedling uniformity under drought conditions can be improved, the risk of wind erosion and water and soil loss can be reduced, and the close combination of the root system and the soil can be promoted, so that rapid coverage and ecological restoration of the vegetation in the saline-alkali gradient environment can be realized.

[0056] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables one of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Topographic pretreatment: Excavate a parallel trench system with a depth of 20-30cm in the target planting area. The trenches are perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and the trench spacing is set to 1.2-1.5 times the canopy diameter of the mature target pioneer vegetation in the local area. S2. Construct a salinity gradient: Lay a 5cm thick biochar isolation layer at the bottom of the trench, and cover it with a 15cm thick mixed matrix layer to form a salinity buffer zone. S3. Install a water control system: Bury microporous drip irrigation pipes along the trench, with the pipe body 10cm below the ground surface, and connect them to the rainwater collection system to achieve water storage and replenishment during the rainy season. S4. Configure pioneer vegetation: After selecting mixed seeds, use seed pelleting technology to coat the germination-promoting fungicide; S5. Gradient sowing operation: Sow in rows at the junction of the ditch slope, with a sowing depth of 1.5-2cm and a sowing amount of 0.8-1.2g per linear meter. Cover with a 2cm thick layer of straw debris after sowing. S6. Habitat maintenance management: During the seedling stage, replenish 3-5 mm of fresh water weekly through the micro-irrigation system. During the seedling stage, monitor the root zone salinity dynamics monthly. When the EC value is >8 dS / m, start the micro-zone rinsing program. S7. Vegetation succession regulation: After the current year's vegetation coverage reaches 40%, biochemical herbaceous species are sown on the slope between the trenches to gradually construct a three-dimensional community structure of trees, shrubs and grasses.

2. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trench system is surrounded by grass checkerboard sand barriers with a grid size of 1m×1m, which are made of local reed straw to enhance wind erosion resistance.

3. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixed matrix layer is composed of 50%–65% aeolian sand, 20%–30% humus, 10%–15% vermiculite particles and 5%–8% zeolite powder mixed uniformly in volume ratio.

4. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous irrigation pipe uses PE pipe with an inner diameter of 10-15mm. The pipe wall has evenly spaced seepage holes with a diameter of 0.3-0.5mm, spaced 10-15cm apart, and the pipe body is wrapped with 200g / m² of protective material. 2 The non-woven filter layer prevents the matrix from clogging.

5. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture regulation system also includes: The rainwater collection unit consists of a rainwater collection tank, a primary filter, a sedimentation tank, a conveying pipeline, and an ultraviolet disinfection device. The rainwater collection tank, located in a low-lying area, has a volume of 5-10 cubic meters and is connected to the microporous infiltration pipe via PVC pipe for automatic replenishment during the rainy season. The primary filter is used to initially filter large particles of impurities in the rainwater, such as fallen leaves and sand, to prevent clogging of subsequent systems. The sedimentation tank settles fine particles and suspended solids in the rainwater, with a retention time of 2-4 hours to improve water transparency. The conveying pipeline, made of corrosion-resistant PVC material with an inner diameter of 20-25 mm, connects the sedimentation tank and the ultraviolet disinfection device and is equipped with a pressure regulating valve to control the flow rate. The ultraviolet disinfection device contains built-in ultraviolet lamps with a radiation intensity of 40-60 mJ / cm². 2 It is used to kill bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms in the water to ensure the biological safety of irrigation water, and finally connects to the microporous drip irrigation pipe through the connecting pipe to achieve automatic replenishment; A moisture sensor is buried 10-15cm deep in the substrate layer to monitor soil moisture data in real time. The preset soil moisture threshold range is 15%-25%. A soil salinity sensor is buried at a depth of 10–15 cm in the substrate layer to monitor soil salinity concentration data in real time. The preset salinity concentration threshold range is 0.5%–1.0%. The automatic control unit integrates feedback signals from moisture and soil salinity sensors. When the monitored value exceeds the threshold, it automatically starts or shuts down the microporous drip irrigation pipe to achieve precise irrigation control.

6. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The automatic control unit also integrates a solar power module to convert solar energy into electrical energy, providing a stable power supply for the automatic control unit, the moisture sensor, and the soil salinity sensor.

7. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixed seeds were selected from Tamarix chinensis, Suaeda salsa, and Calligonum mongolicum, and were crossbred in a mass ratio of 3:5:

2.

8. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The germination-promoting microbial agent in the seed pelleting technology contains rhizobium, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and halomonas probiotics, with an effective viable count ≥2×10⁻⁶. 8 The seed pelleting technology also includes adding 0.5% to 1.0% by mass of a water-retaining agent, which is a polyacrylate polymer material with a water absorption ratio of 200 to 300 times, to improve the germination rate of seeds under drought conditions.

9. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-zone rinsing procedure is as follows: low-mineralized water (EC≤1.5dS / m) is continuously dripped through a microporous irrigation pipe at a rate of 2L / m·h for 8 to 12 hours, and the EC value of the root zone drops to below 5dS / m after rinsing.

10. The method for rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation in high-salinity desert areas based on salinity gradient regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The herbaceous species mentioned include Suaeda salsa, Artemisia argyi, and Alpaca chinensis. They are crossbred in a 4:3:3 mass ratio, sown at a depth of 2-3 cm and a spacing of 25-30 cm. After sowing, cover with a 1 cm thick layer of humus soil to retain moisture and promote germination.

Images