Earth-rockfill dam leakage patient spatial position identification method

Abstract

The invention discloses an earth-rockfill dam leakage patient spatial position identification method. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, establishing an earth-rockfill dam three-dimensional spatial coordinate system; a thermal infrared temperature sensing method is used for recording space coordinates and temperature of low-temperature abnormal points of the downstream face of the dam; determining coordinates and values of current density space abnormal points of the upstream face of the dam through a current field measurement method; measuring space coordinates and values of resistivity abnormal points and dielectric constant abnormal points of rock-soil bodies of the dam axis section and the downstream surface middle section by using an electrical property measurement method and an electromagnetic wave method, comparing the space coordinates of the resistivity abnormal points and the dielectric constant abnormal points, and screening out abnormal points with completely same space coordinates; and finally, all space abnormal point coordinates are marked to the three-dimensional space model of the earth-rockfill dam, so that space accurate positioning of leakage patients in the earth-rockfill dam is realized, and output and display are carried out. According to the method, the three-dimensional space position and the leakage path of the leakage patient in the earth-rockfill dam can be accurately positioned, targeted and accurate danger removal and reinforcement can be conveniently conducted on the leakage channel in the earth-rockfill dam, and safe operation of the earth-rockfill dam is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dam safety, and in particular relates to a method for spatial location identification of seepage problems in earth-rock dams. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the impact of global climate change has become increasingly significant, and extreme weather events in China have become more frequent and widespread across multiple time periods and regions. Extreme weather events such as torrential rains and floods have occurred frequently, causing severe floods and posing a huge threat to social and economic development and the safety of people's lives and property. As important infrastructure for water resource regulation and flood control, the safety of the dikes of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs is directly related to the flood control safety of the surrounding areas. However, due to the long construction period, limited construction technology, and long-term erosion by the natural environment, most of the earth and stone dikes of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs have some potential leakage problems to varying degrees.

[0003] During the flood season, the continuous high water head and seepage force act on earth-rock dams, and these potential seepage problems are very likely to worsen. What were originally small seepage points may gradually develop into through-seepage channels, weakening the structural stability of the dam; or it may lead to local instability of the dam body, triggering landslides, collapses and other dangers. If the situation is not controlled in time, it may even cause the earth-rock dam to collapse, causing floods and bringing devastating blows to the lives and property of people downstream.

[0004] Accurate identification of seepage defects in earth-rock dams is crucial for ensuring dam safety. However, the field of seepage defect identification in earth-rock dams still faces many challenges. In particular, current methods for detecting seepage in earth-rock dams mostly rely on single technologies. While these single detection technologies can detect the distribution of underground media to some extent, they are insufficient to comprehensively and accurately identify the various characteristics of seepage defects. Therefore, existing geophysical exploration techniques suffer from low precision, low accuracy, high error rates, and strong misleading potential when identifying seepage inlets, outlets, and channels in dam seepage defects. Moreover, due to the different principles and applicable scopes of various geophysical exploration techniques, the acquired data often contradicts each other or is difficult to interpret accurately, leading to inaccurate judgments of seepage defects and potentially providing incorrect information. Moreover, the information on various dam defects obtained by these technologies is isolated and cannot be effectively integrated into a complete and continuous leakage information chain. It is difficult to accurately locate the leakage path of earth-rock dams from the inlet to the outlet, and thus it is impossible to carry out targeted and precise reinforcement of the leakage channels in the dams based on the identified information before the flood season. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a method for spatial location identification of seepage defects in earth-rock dams, which accurately locates the seepage path from the inlet to the outlet.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention first proposes a method for spatial location identification of seepage problems in earth-rock dams, specifically including the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Establish a coordinate system: Establish a three-dimensional spatial coordinate system for the earth-rock dam;

[0008] Step S2: Use thermal infrared temperature sensing method to obtain the surface temperature of all points on the back slope of the earth-rock dam, and record the spatial coordinates and corresponding temperatures of all low-temperature anomaly points.

[0009] Step S3: Determine the current density anomalies on the water-facing side of the earth-rock embankment using the current field measurement method, and record the spatial coordinates and corresponding current density values ​​of all current density anomalies.

[0010] Step S4: Determine the resistivity anomalies of the soil and rock mass in the inner dam axis section and the middle section of the backwater surface of the earth-rock dam using the electrical measurement method, and record the spatial coordinates and corresponding resistivity values ​​of all resistivity anomalies.

[0011] Step S5: Using the electromagnetic wave method, determine the dielectric constant anomalies of the soil and rock mass at the same location as the survey line in step S4, and record the spatial coordinates and corresponding dielectric constants of all dielectric constant anomalies.

[0012] Step S6: Compare the spatial coordinates of the resistivity anomaly points in Step S4 with the spatial coordinates of the dielectric constant anomaly points in Step S5 one by one, and select and record the spatial coordinates of the points with the same spatial coordinates of the two anomaly points.

[0013] Step S7: Mark all the spatial coordinates of the anomalies recorded in steps S2 and S3, as well as the spatial coordinates selected in step S6, onto the three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock dam, and display the marked three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock dam.

[0014] In this embodiment, in step S1, the three-dimensional coordinate system is defined with the dam axis of the earth-rock embankment as the X-axis, the Y-axis as the axis perpendicular to the dam axis pointing inwards, and the Z-axis as the axis perpendicular to both the X-axis and Y-axis pointing downwards. The left endpoint of the top of the dam axis of the earth-rock embankment is set as the origin of the spatial coordinate system.

[0015] In this embodiment, in step S1, an intelligent cloud platform for identifying the spatial location of seepage problems in earth-rock embankments is established. This platform includes a temperature anomaly diagnosis model, a current density anomaly point diagnosis model, a resistivity anomaly diagnosis model, a dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model, and a spatial positioning model for seepage problems within the earth-rock embankment. The temperature anomaly diagnosis model, current density anomaly point diagnosis model, resistivity anomaly diagnosis model, and dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model all include a base layer and a storage layer. The spatial positioning model for seepage problems within the earth-rock embankment includes a collection layer and a display layer. The display layer contains a three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock embankment with a spatial coordinate system. This three-dimensional spatial model is a proportionally scaled three-dimensional spatial model formed by performing precise single-BeiDou measurements on the earth-rock embankment to be diagnosed. The position of the spatial coordinate origin (0,0,0) and the three-dimensional spatial coordinate system in the three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock embankment are set according to step S2.

[0016] In this embodiment, in step S2, let T be the surface temperature of any point on the backwater side of the earth-rock dam sensed by the thermal infrared instrument. i The average surface temperature of the entire earth-rock embankment's backwater surface is T. 平均 When the induced temperature T at a certain point on the backwater surface of the earth-rock dam i <T 平均 When the temperature is high, this point is considered a low-temperature anomaly. The surface temperature T of all points on the entire backwater side of the earth-rock embankment is obtained using a thermal infrared spectrometer. i The spatial coordinates of all points and their corresponding surface temperatures T i All data is stored in the base layer of the temperature anomaly diagnostic model; surface temperature T is selected from the base layer. i <T 平均 All temperature anomalies are identified, and their spatial coordinates and temperature data are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the temperature anomaly diagnosis model and the aggregation layer of the spatial positioning model for seepage problems in earth and rock dams.

[0017] In this embodiment, in step S3, a current density greater than A is defined as an anomaly point. Electrodes are placed in the water on the upstream side of the earth-rock embankment and at the location of the lowest temperature seepage anomaly point measured in step S2. Both electrodes are connected to the power supply equipment simultaneously. Then, a specific current is applied to establish a stable artificial current field circulation path inside and outside the embankment. Multiple measuring lines parallel to the embankment axis are laid out on the upstream side of the earth-rock embankment, and the current density of the water below the water surface at each measuring line location is measured one by one. (If there are no seepage inlets in front of the embankment, the artificial electric field applied to the water in front of the embankment is relatively uniform and stable, and the difference in current density of the water body is not significant.) The potential for leakage is relatively small; when there is a seepage inlet in front of the dam, the current density in the water area around the seepage inlet will be significantly greater than that in other areas, forming an abnormal current field zone. During the measurement process, the spatial coordinates of all measured points and their corresponding current density values ​​are stored in the base layer of the current density anomaly point diagnosis model. Current density anomaly points with current density greater than A in the base layer of the current density anomaly point diagnosis model are screened out. Then, the spatial coordinates and current density values ​​of the current density anomaly points are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the current density anomaly point diagnosis model and the aggregation layer of the spatial positioning model of seepage disease in earth and rock dam.

[0018] In this embodiment, the method for measuring the underwater current density of each measuring line is as follows: The current density of multiple measuring lines parallel to the X-axis on the water-facing side of the earth-rock embankment is measured one by one using a probe that automatically measures the spatial coordinates of the measuring points. During the measurement, the probe is moved from the left end to the right end of the X-axis. The distance between the measuring points can be any value between 0.1 and 0.5 m. During the measurement, the Y-coordinate is kept constant, and the Z-axis coordinate and X-axis coordinate of the probe measuring point are changed in turn. The above steps are repeated until the underwater current density of all measuring lines on the water-facing side of the entire earth-rock embankment is measured.

[0019] In this embodiment, in step S4, points with resistivity less than B are designated as resistivity anomaly points. Arrayed electrode survey lines are laid out at the dam crest axis and the middle of the backwater surface of the earth-rock embankment. A constant voltage electric field is applied to the embankment body through the power supply equipment and the arrayed electrodes. The current value of each soil and rock point in the embankment body is collected by the receiver. Based on the following formula (1), the resistivity values ​​of all points in the soil and rock embankment at the survey line location profile are obtained by inversion, and their spatial coordinates are obtained synchronously. The spatial coordinates of all points and their corresponding resistivity values ​​are stored in the base layer of the resistivity anomaly diagnosis model. Resistivity anomaly points with resistivity less than B in the base layer are selected, and then the spatial coordinates of the resistivity anomaly points and their corresponding resistivity data are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the resistivity anomaly diagnosis model.

[0020] (1)

[0021] in Resistivity For electrode device coefficients, The potential difference between the electrodes To measure the current value.

[0022] In this embodiment, in step S5, the coordinates of spatial points with a dielectric constant greater than C are defined as dielectric constant anomalies. Using an electromagnetic wave transmitting antenna, the array of electrodes laid out in step S4 is moved at a constant speed from the left end to the right end of the dam. Simultaneously, high-frequency electromagnetic waves (10MHz to 1000MHz) are emitted into the dam body through the electromagnetic wave transmitting antenna. The spatial coordinates and corresponding two-way travel times of all points within the earth-rock dam survey profile are obtained. Let the two-way travel time be t, the stratum thickness be d, and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed be c, then the dielectric constant ε... r for:

[0023] ε r = (c×t / d / 2) 2 (2)

[0024] Formula (2) is used to convert the two-way travel time of each point into dielectric constant, and all spatial coordinates and corresponding dielectric constants of all points are stored in the base layer of the dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model. Abnormal dielectric constant points with dielectric constant greater than C are screened out in the base layer. At the same time, the spatial coordinates and corresponding dielectric constant data of the abnormal dielectric constant points are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model.

[0025] In this embodiment, in step S6, the spatial coordinates in the storage layer of the resistivity anomaly diagnosis model in step S4 are compared with the spatial coordinates in the storage layer of the dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model in step S5. When the two spatial coordinates are exactly the same, the spatial coordinates are transferred and stored in the collection layer of the spatial positioning model of the seepage disease in the earth-rock dam.

[0026] In this embodiment, in step S7, all spatial coordinates in the aggregation layer of the spatial positioning model of seepage disease in the earth-rock dam are marked one by one into the three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock dam in the display layer of the spatial positioning model of seepage disease in the earth-rock dam.

[0027] Due to the above structure, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. This invention spatially coordinates multi-source seepage data of seepage outlets, inlets, and channels within earth-rock dams using thermal infrared temperature sensing, current field measurement, electrical measurement, and electromagnetic wave methods. This organically combines various detection technologies and maps the spatial coordinates onto a three-dimensional model of the earth-rock dam. This allows even those without hydraulic engineering knowledge or experience to intuitively and clearly understand the spatial location of seepage within the dam and its entire development path from inlet to outlet. This approach ensures that frontline management personnel and patrol personnel at the grassroots level of earth-rock embankments, who may lack professional water conservancy expertise, can utilize this identification method and its information display system to monitor, assess, and issue early warnings of seepage issues within the embankments in real time. Furthermore, when seepage occurs, the system displays a three-dimensional spatial model of the embankment with the seepage issues and their coordinates, guiding workers to promptly address and reinforce the affected areas. This ensures the safe operation of the earth-rock embankments and protects the lives and property of people during the flood season.

[0029] 2. This invention also imports the spatial coordinates of leakage from the aforementioned multiple sources and the corresponding disease data into an intelligent cloud platform for identifying leakage diseases in earth-rock dams. Furthermore, all corresponding data collected by thermal infrared temperature sensing, current field measurement, electrical measurement, and electromagnetic wave methods are input into temperature anomaly diagnosis models, current density anomaly diagnosis models, resistivity anomaly diagnosis models, and dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis models, respectively. Utilizing computer data processing capabilities, multi-source leakage disease data processing and storage are achieved. During data processing, anomalies can be detected through settings within the diagnostic models. Constant point values ​​are used to compare and filter the data in the input diagnostic model to find the spatial coordinates of outliers in temperature, current density, resistivity, and dielectric constant, and these coordinates are recorded. Finally, the spatial coordinates of these multi-source leakage disease data are integrated and calibrated into the spatial positioning model of leakage disease in the earth-rock dam. All the calibrated spatial coordinate points are connected sequentially from upstream to downstream of the dam to form a three-dimensional irregular spatial body of leakage disease in the earth-rock dam model, connecting the upstream end, the inside of the dam, and the downstream end. This enables the accurate positioning of the leakage path of the earth-rock dam leakage disease from the inlet to the outlet.

[0030] 3. This invention visually marks and displays the seepage path of seepage defects in earth-rock dams from the inlet to the outlet on a three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock dam. This allows for targeted and precise reinforcement of seepage defects within the dam before the flood season, based on the high-precision three-dimensional spatial location of the seepage defects in the three-dimensional spatial model. This eliminates seepage defects in earth-rock dams, ensures the safe operation of earth-rock dams in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, and thus constructs a robust flood disaster prevention system.

[0031] In summary, this invention can accurately locate the seepage path of seepage defects in earth-rock dams from the inlet to the outlet, thereby facilitating targeted and precise reinforcement of seepage channels within the dam before the flood season based on the identified information, eliminating seepage defects in earth-rock dams, and ensuring the safe operation of earth-rock dams in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for spatial location identification of seepage problems in earth-rock dams includes the following steps:

[0036] Step S1: Establish a coordinate system:

[0037] Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system for the earth-rock dam, with the dam axis as the X-axis, the Y-axis perpendicular to the dam axis pointing inwards as the Y-axis, and the Z-axis perpendicular to both the X-axis and Y-axis and pointing downwards as the Z-axis. The top left endpoint of the dam axis is the origin of the spatial coordinate system (0,0,0).

[0038] At the same time, an intelligent cloud platform for identifying the spatial location of seepage problems in earth-rock dams will be established.

[0039] The intelligent cloud platform for spatial location identification of seepage problems in earth-rock embankments includes temperature anomaly diagnosis models, current density anomaly point diagnosis models, resistivity anomaly diagnosis models, dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis models, and spatial location models for seepage problems within earth-rock embankments. The temperature anomaly diagnosis models, current density anomaly point diagnosis models, resistivity anomaly diagnosis models, and dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis models all include a base layer and a storage layer. The spatial location model for seepage problems within earth-rock embankments includes a collection layer and a display layer. The display layer contains a three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock embankment with a spatial coordinate system. This three-dimensional spatial model is a scaled-down, realistic three-dimensional spatial model formed by precise single-BeiDou measurement of the seepage-prone earth-rock embankment. The position of the spatial coordinate origin (0,0,0) and the three-dimensional spatial coordinate system in the three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock embankment are completely consistent with S1.

[0040] Step S2: Obtain the surface temperature of all points on the back slope of the earth-rock embankment using thermal infrared temperature sensing method. Record the spatial coordinates and corresponding temperatures of all low-temperature anomaly points. The low-temperature anomaly area represents the seepage zone on the back slope of the earth-rock embankment. Record the spatial coordinates of all low-temperature anomaly points. Let the spatial coordinates of the seepage zone on the back slope of the earth-rock embankment be (X... c Y c Z c (), where c represents the number of measurements, and let T be the surface temperature at any point on the backwater side of the earth-rock dam. i The average surface temperature at all points on the entire backwater surface is T. 平均 T i <T 平均 This point is then considered a low-temperature anomaly. In this embodiment, T 平均 = ;

[0041] Specifically, the thermal infrared temperature sensing method involves using a thermal infrared instrument to scan the backwater surface of an earth-rock dam (including the backwater surface, dam toe, and left and right bank shoulders) at a uniform speed from the leftmost end to the rightmost end of the earth-rock dam to obtain the surface temperature of all points on the entire backwater surface of the earth-rock dam. Based on the surface temperature differences, the low-temperature abnormal area is identified, thereby diagnosing the location of the seepage point on the backwater surface of the earth-rock dam.

[0042] In this embodiment, since the surface temperature of the seepage escape zone is significantly lower than that of the non-seepage zone, the seepage escape location on the backwater surface of the earth-rock embankment can be identified by capturing the surface low-temperature anomaly zone. A thermal infrared spectrometer is used to scan the backwater surface of the earth-rock embankment, and the spatial coordinates of all points on the backwater surface and their corresponding surface temperature values ​​are stored in the base layer of the temperature anomaly diagnosis model. A thresholding procedure is used to automatically identify and filter the surface temperatures T in the base layer. i <T 平均The low temperature anomaly points are identified, and their spatial coordinate data are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the temperature anomaly diagnosis model and the aggregation layer of the spatial positioning model of seepage disease in the dam.

[0043] Step S3: Determine the current density anomalies on the water-facing side of the earth-rock embankment using the current field measurement method, and record the spatial coordinates and corresponding current density values ​​of all current density anomalies.

[0044] The current density anomaly zone is the inlet area of ​​underwater seepage on the water-facing side of the earth-rock embankment. The spatial coordinates of all current density anomaly points are recorded; let the spatial coordinates of the current density anomaly points be (X...). i Y i Z i (i) represents the number of measurements. Let a current density greater than A be considered an anomaly in current density. In this embodiment, A = 20 mA / m 2 ;

[0045] Specifically, the current field measurement method is as follows: Based on the principle of similarity between water flow field and current field, transmitting and receiving electrodes are buried on the water-facing side of the earth-rock dam and at the lowest temperature seepage anomaly point measured in step S2, respectively. Both electrodes are connected to a constant current power supply device. The constant current power supply device is turned on, and artificial current is injected into the water body through the transmitting electrode to form a stable artificial current field of water body on the water-facing side of the earth-rock dam, seepage channel inside the dam, and seepage outlet. Multiple measuring lines parallel to the dam axis are laid out on the water-facing side of the earth-rock dam, and the water current density below the water surface at each measuring line position is measured one by one. By using the difference in water current density at different positions, the specific location of the seepage inlet on the water-facing side of the dam is determined.

[0046] The method for measuring the underwater current density at each measuring line location is as follows: On-site, using a probe capable of automatically determining the spatial coordinates of measuring points, the current density of multiple measuring lines parallel to the X-axis on the water-facing side of the earth-rock embankment is measured one by one, starting from the left end and gradually moving towards the right end. The spacing between measuring points is any value between 0.1 and 0.5 m. During measurement, the Y-coordinate is kept constant initially, while the Z-axis and X-axis coordinates of the probe measuring points are changed sequentially. Here, the change in the Z-axis coordinate corresponds to the change in water depth, and the change in the X-axis coordinate corresponds to the distance from the origin of the measuring line coordinates. The above steps are repeated until the underwater current density of all measuring lines on the water-facing side of the entire embankment is measured. During the measurement process, the spatial coordinates of all measured points and the corresponding current density values ​​are automatically stored in the base layer of the current density anomaly point diagnosis model. Through a threshold program, current density anomalies with current densities greater than A in the base layer of the current density anomaly point diagnosis model are automatically identified and screened. Then, the spatial coordinates and current density values ​​of the current density anomalies are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the current density anomaly point diagnosis model and the aggregation layer of the spatial location model for seepage problems within the embankment.

[0047] Principle: Since the current density of the current field in the area where there is a seepage inlet is generally 2 to 3 times that of the area where there is no seepage inlet, and its current density curve is "peak" shaped, by measuring the current density value and curve of the current field in the water in front of the dam, the location range of the underwater seepage inlet in front of the dam can be determined more accurately.

[0048] Step S4: Determine the resistivity anomalies of the soil and rock mass on the dam axis profile and the midpoint of the dam's backwater surface profile using electrical measurement methods, and record the spatial coordinates and corresponding resistivity values ​​of all resistivity anomalies. The midpoint of the backwater surface profile of the earth-rock dam is parallel to the dam axis profile, and the resistivity anomaly area is the seepage problem area within the dam. Record the spatial coordinates of all resistivity anomalies. Let the spatial coordinates of the current density anomalies be (X... a Y a Z a ), where a is the number of measurements, and the point with resistivity less than B is defined as the low resistivity abnormal point of the leakage disease. In this embodiment, B = 100 Ω·m;

[0049] Specifically, the electrical measurement method is based on the principle that different soil and rock media within an earth-rock dam have different electrical properties (resistivity). A specific measuring line is selected on the dam surface, and an array of electrodes is laid out. Depending on the required measurement accuracy, the electrode spacing can be 0.5 to 2.0 meters. The higher the accuracy requirement, the smaller the electrode spacing. A constant voltage is provided to the electrodes using a power supply device, forming an artificial electric field within the dam body at the measuring line profile location. Then, a combined measuring device is used to automatically collect the electrical data of the soil and rock media within the dam and inversely obtain its resistivity data. By analyzing the changes and distribution patterns of the resistivity data, the location of seepage problems within the earth-rock dam can be determined.

[0050] Specific deployment and measurement methods: Arrayed electrode survey lines are deployed at the dam crest axis and the middle of the backwater surface of the earth-rock embankment. A constant voltage electric field is applied to the embankment body through the power supply equipment and arrayed electrodes. The current value of each rock and soil point in the embankment body is collected by the receiver. Based on the following formula (1), the resistivity value of the rock and soil body at the measurement point in the earth-rock embankment is obtained by inversion, and the spatial coordinates of the measurement point are obtained simultaneously.

[0051] (1)

[0052] in Resistivity For electrode device coefficients, The potential difference between the electrodes To determine the current value, all spatial coordinates of the measurement point and the corresponding resistivity value are stored in the base layer of the resistivity anomaly diagnosis model. Resistivity anomaly points with resistivity less than B in the base layer are screened out, and then the spatial coordinates of the resistivity anomaly points and the corresponding resistivity data are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the resistivity anomaly diagnosis model.

[0053] Principle: Since the plane artificial electric field applied at the survey line position has a constant supply voltage, the water content of the seepage disease area in the earth-rock dam will be significantly higher than that in other areas, its conductivity will be significantly enhanced, and its soil resistivity value will also be significantly lower. Moreover, the lower the resistivity value, the greater the possibility that the area is a seepage disease area in the dam.

[0054] Step S5: Using the electromagnetic wave method, at the same locations where the array of electrodes was laid out in step S4, determine the abnormal points of the dielectric constant of the soil and rock mass on the dam axis profile and the profile at the middle position of the backwater surface. The abnormal dielectric constant area is the seepage problem area within the dam. Record the spatial coordinates of all abnormal dielectric constant points; let the spatial coordinates of the abnormal dielectric constant be (X... k Y k Z k ), where k is the number of measurements, and spatial point coordinates with a dielectric constant greater than C are considered abnormal. In this embodiment, C = 40 F / m;

[0055] Specifically, the electromagnetic wave method works as follows: Based on the principle that electromagnetic wave propagation differs depending on the dielectric constant of the underground rock and soil medium, high-frequency electromagnetic waves (10MHz to 1000MHz) are transmitted underground through a transmitting antenna. When the transmitted electromagnetic waves propagate within the dam body and encounter interfaces with different dielectric constants, some of the electromagnetic waves are reflected back to the ground. The greater the difference in dielectric constant between the rock and soil masses, the stronger the reflected signal. By collecting the reflected electromagnetic wave signals, including waveform, amplitude, and two-way travel time, the dielectric constant of the rock and soil masses at different locations can be obtained. By analyzing the differences in dielectric constant, the location of seepage problems within the earth-rock dam can be determined.

[0056] Specific deployment and measurement method: Using an electromagnetic wave transmitting antenna, the array electrode survey line deployed in step S4 is moved at a constant speed from the left end to the right end of the embankment. Simultaneously, high-frequency electromagnetic waves (10MHz~1000MHz) are emitted into the embankment through the electromagnetic wave transmitting antenna. The spatial coordinates and corresponding two-way travel time of the measurement points within the survey line profile of the earth-rock embankment are obtained. Let the two-way travel time be t, the stratum thickness be d, and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed be c, then the dielectric constant ε... r for:

[0057] ε r = (c×t / d / 2) 2 (2)

[0058] Using formula (2), the two-way travel time of each point is converted into dielectric constant, and all spatial coordinates of the measurement points and the corresponding dielectric constants are stored in the base layer of the dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model. Abnormal dielectric constant points with dielectric constants greater than C are screened out in the base layer. At the same time, the spatial coordinates of the abnormal dielectric constant points and the corresponding dielectric constant data are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model.

[0059] Step S6: Compare the spatial coordinates in the storage layer of the resistivity anomaly diagnosis model in step 4 with the spatial coordinates in the storage layer of the dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model in step 5. When the two spatial coordinates are exactly the same, transfer and store the spatial coordinates to the collection layer of the spatial positioning model of seepage disease in the dam.

[0060] Specifically: compare the spatial coordinates of the resistivity anomaly diagnostic model storage layer and the dielectric constant anomaly diagnostic model storage layer one by one, and transfer and store the identical spatial coordinates in the two storage layers to the collection layer in the spatial positioning model of seepage disease in the dam.

[0061] Step S7: Mark all spatial coordinates in the aggregation layer of the spatial positioning model of seepage disease in the earth-rock dam into the three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock dam in its display layer, and display the three-dimensional spatial model of the earth-rock dam containing the three-dimensional seepage disease, so as to realize the high-precision and accurate identification and intuitive display of the spatial scale and location of seepage disease in the earth-rock dam.

[0062] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying the spatial location of a seepage disease of an earth-rock dam, characterized in that: Specifically comprising the following steps: Step S1, establishing a coordinate system: establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system of the earth-rock dam; Step S2, obtaining the surface temperature of all points on the dam slope of the earth-rock dam backwater surface by using thermal infrared temperature sensing method, recording the spatial coordinates and corresponding temperature of all low temperature abnormal points; Step S3, determining the current density abnormal points of the earth-rock dam water surface by current field measurement method, recording the spatial coordinates and corresponding current density value of all current density abnormal points; Step S4, determining the rock-soil resistivity abnormal points of the dam axis profile and the middle position profile of the dam backwater surface by electrical measurement method, recording the spatial coordinates and corresponding resistivity value of all resistivity abnormal points; Step S5, determining the rock-soil dielectric constant abnormal points of the dam axis profile and the middle position profile of the dam backwater surface in the same position of the measuring line in step S4 by using electromagnetic wave method, recording the spatial coordinates and corresponding dielectric constant of all dielectric constant abnormal points; Step S6, comparing the spatial coordinates of the resistivity abnormal points in step S4 with the spatial coordinates of the dielectric constant abnormal points in step S5 one by one, screening and recording the spatial coordinates of the points whose spatial coordinates are completely the same; Step S7, marking all the abnormal point spatial coordinates recorded in steps S2, S3 and the spatial coordinates screened out in step S6 to the earth-rock dam three-dimensional space model one by one, and displaying the marked earth-rock dam three-dimensional space model.

2. The earth and rockfill dam seepage trouble spatial position identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the three-dimensional coordinate system takes the dam axis of the earth-rock dam as the X axis, the vertical direction of the dam axis into the dam as the Y axis, and the vertical direction of the X axis and the Y axis into the ground as the Z axis, and the left end point of the top of the dam axis is set as the spatial coordinate origin.

3. The earth and rockfill dam seepage trouble spatial position identification method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, an intelligent cloud platform for identifying the spatial position of earth-rock dam leakage disease is established, which includes temperature anomaly diagnosis model, current density abnormal point diagnosis model, resistivity anomaly diagnosis model, dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model and earth-rock dam internal leakage disease spatial positioning model. The temperature anomaly diagnosis model, current density abnormal point diagnosis model, resistivity anomaly diagnosis model and dielectric constant anomaly diagnosis model all include a basic layer and a storage layer. The earth-rock dam internal leakage disease spatial positioning model includes a collection layer and a display layer. The display layer has an earth-rock dam three-dimensional space model with a spatial coordinate system. The earth-rock dam three-dimensional space model is formed by single Beidou precise measurement of the earth-rock dam to be diagnosed. The position of the spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0) and the three-dimensional space coordinate system in the earth-rock dam three-dimensional space model are set according to step S2.

4. The earth and rockfill dam seepage trouble spatial position identification method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, let T be the surface temperature at any point on the backwater side of the earth-rock dam sensed by the thermal infrared instrument. i The average surface temperature of the entire earth-rock embankment's backwater surface is T. 平均 When the induced temperature T at a certain point on the backwater surface of the earth-rock dam i <T 平均 When the temperature is high, this point is considered a low-temperature anomaly. The surface temperature T of all points on the entire backwater side of the earth-rock embankment is obtained using a thermal infrared spectrometer. i The spatial coordinates of all points and their corresponding surface temperatures T i All data is stored in the base layer of the temperature anomaly diagnostic model; surface temperature T is selected from the base layer. i <T 平均 All temperature anomalies are identified, and their spatial coordinates and temperature data are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the temperature anomaly diagnosis model and the aggregation layer of the spatial positioning model for seepage problems in earth and rock dams.

5. The earth and rockfill dam seepage trouble spatial position identification method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the current density greater than A is regarded as the current density abnormal point. The electrodes are arranged on the water surface of the earth-rock dam and the lowest temperature leakage escape abnormal point determined in step S2, respectively. The two electrodes are connected to the power supply device at the same time, and then a specific current is applied to establish a stable artificial current field circulation path inside and outside the dam. A plurality of measuring lines parallel to the dam axis are arranged on the water surface of the earth-rock dam. The current density of the water below the water surface at each measuring line position is determined one by one. During the measurement process, the spatial coordinates of all the determined points and the corresponding current density values are stored in the base layer of the current density abnormal point diagnosis model. The current density abnormal points with the current density greater than A in the base layer of the current density abnormal point diagnosis model are screened out. Then, the spatial coordinates and the current density values of the current density abnormal points are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the current density abnormal point diagnosis model and the collection layer of the earth-rock dam internal leakage disease spatial positioning model.

6. The earth and rockfill dam seepage trouble spatial position identification method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for determining the current density of the water below the water surface at each measuring line position is as follows: the current density of the plurality of measuring lines parallel to the X axis on the water surface of the earth-rock dam is determined one by one by using the probe for automatically determining the spatial coordinates of the measuring points. During the determination, the probe is moved gradually from the left end of the X axis to the right end. The distance between the measuring points can be any value within 0.1-0.5 m. During the measurement, the Y coordinate is kept unchanged, and the Z axis coordinate and the X axis coordinate of the probe measuring point are changed in turn. The above steps are repeated until the determination of the current density of the underwater points of all the measuring lines on the water surface of the earth-rock dam is completed.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: In step S4, the point with the resistivity less than B is regarded as the resistivity abnormal point. The array electrodes are arranged at the dam top dam axis position and the middle position of the backwater surface. A constant voltage electric field is applied to the dam body by the power supply device and the array electrodes. The current value of each rock-soil point in the dam body is collected by the receiver. Based on the following formula (1), the resistivity values of all the points in the profile of the earth-rock dam at the measuring line position are obtained by inversion, and the spatial coordinates thereof are synchronously obtained. The spatial coordinates and the corresponding resistivity values of all the points are stored in the base layer of the resistivity abnormal diagnosis model. The resistivity abnormal points with the resistivity less than B in the base layer are screened out. Then, the spatial coordinates and the corresponding resistivity data of the resistivity abnormal points are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the resistivity abnormal diagnosis model. （1） wherein is the resistivity, is the electrode arrangement coefficient, is the potential difference between the electrodes, is the measured current value.

8. The earth and rockfill dam seepage trouble spatial position identifying method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, the spatial coordinate data of the point with dielectric constant greater than C is regarded as a dielectric constant anomaly point, and the electromagnetic wave transmitting antenna is moved at a uniform speed from the left end point to the right end point of the dam body along the array electrode measuring line laid in step S4, while high frequency electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 10 MHz to 1000 MHz are transmitted into the dam body through the electromagnetic wave transmitting antenna, so that the spatial coordinates and the corresponding two-way travel time of all points in the soil and rock dam measuring line profile are obtained. Assuming that the two-way travel time is t, the stratum thickness is d, and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed is c, then the dielectric constant ε r is: ε r = (c x t / d / 2) 2 (2) The two-way travel time of each point is converted into the dielectric constant by using formula (2). The spatial coordinates and the corresponding dielectric constant of all the points are stored in the base layer of the dielectric constant abnormal diagnosis model. The dielectric constant abnormal points with the dielectric constant greater than C in the base layer are screened out. The spatial coordinates and the corresponding dielectric constant data of the dielectric constant abnormal points are transferred and stored in the storage layer of the dielectric constant abnormal diagnosis model.

9. The earth and rockfill dam seepage trouble spatial position identifying method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S6, the spatial coordinates in the storage layer of the resistivity abnormal diagnosis model in step S4 are compared with the spatial coordinates in the storage layer of the dielectric constant abnormal diagnosis model in step S5. When the spatial coordinates are completely the same, the spatial coordinates are transferred and stored in the collection layer of the earth-rock dam internal leakage disease spatial positioning model.

10. The earth and rockfill dam seepage trouble spatial position identifying method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S7, all the spatial coordinates in the collection layer in the earth-rock dam leakage disease space positioning model are marked one by one to the earth-rock dam three-dimensional space model in the earth-rock dam leakage disease space positioning model display layer.

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