High-temperature superconducting dipole magnet of runway type coil

Abstract

The high-temperature superconducting two-pole magnet comprises an iron core, a coil assembly and a lead block set, the iron core is of an electrodeless head structure, a beam hole is formed in the center of the iron core, and the coil assembly penetrates through the iron core. The coil assembly comprises at least one pair of coils which are symmetrically distributed and are wound by a high-temperature superconducting strip to form an arc-shaped bent runway type structure, a lead block group is fixed on the outer wall of the coil assembly, the lead block group comprises lead blocks which are the same as the coils in number and are connected in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and coil joints are mounted on the side walls of the lead blocks; and each wire leading block is provided with a wire leading groove used for leading the wire inlet head and the wire outlet head of the coil to the position where the coil connector is installed and connecting the wire inlet head and the wire outlet head of the coil to the position where the coil connector is installed so as to achieve series connection between different coils. The lead block and the coil assembly are combined into a whole, so that strip damage or performance degradation caused by shaking of inlet and outlet strips can be avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, in particular to a high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet with a racetrack coil. BACKGROUND

[0002] The core principle of a particle accelerator is to accelerate and deflect charged particles using electromagnetic fields, so that they can obtain extremely high energy. To achieve this goal, the accelerator needs to rely on a magnet system that can generate a strong magnetic field. Currently, low-temperature superconducting NbTi magnets are widely used in such devices as a key technology, with a critical temperature of about 9.2 K, which must be operated in the liquid helium temperature region to maintain the superconducting state and generate a stable strong magnetic field.

[0003] However, such magnets still have significant defects in practical applications. First, their temperature margin is extremely low, usually only 1-2 K, and is easily quenched by various disturbances during operation, seriously affecting system reliability. Second, NbTi magnets rely on a large and complex liquid helium cryogenic system, which not only significantly increases the construction and operation cost of the accelerator, but also brings extremely high requirements for engineering implementation and maintenance.

[0004] On the other hand, during the operation of the accelerator, the magnetic field often needs to change rapidly, at which time the NbTi magnet will generate heat due to AC loss and eddy current effects in the structural parts, causing coil temperature rise. Due to its very limited temperature margin, such thermal disturbance can easily trigger quenching, thereby limiting the performance improvement and reliable operation of the entire accelerator.

[0005] To break through the performance boundaries of low-temperature superconducting magnets, high-temperature superconducting materials have become an important development direction. Such tapes are usually prepared using a plating process and have a higher critical temperature, but due to the ceramic-like brittleness and large width-to-thickness ratio, they also bring new restrictions to the coil structure design. The commonly used high-temperature superconducting dipole magnets currently use a compact coil structure, which has a complex winding process; and the tape needs to be bent in the narrow direction, which can easily cause degradation of the tape performance, further increasing the difficulty of engineering implementation.

[0006] In addition, high-temperature superconducting tapes will also generate significant shielding currents during excitation due to the large width-to-thickness ratio, which will introduce a shielding current induced field (SCIF), causing the central magnetic field to decay, the field distribution to distort, and the uniformity to decrease, ultimately affecting the beam quality. To compensate for this effect, additional shielding coils or complex control means are usually introduced, increasing the system complexity and cost. At the same time, the existing coils are prone to shaking during the connection process due to the lack of any components to limit the movement of the in-out tape, which can easily cause damage to the tape or degradation of its performance.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet with a racetrack coil to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims to solve the above technical problems, that is, to solve the following problems: first, the existing high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet usually adopts a compact coil structure, and the winding process is complex; and the strip needs to be bent in the narrow direction, which easily leads to degradation of the strip performance, further increasing the difficulty of engineering implementation; second, the high-temperature superconducting strip will also generate significant shielding current due to large width-thickness ratio during excitation, thereby introducing shielding current induced magnetic field (SCIF), causing central magnetic field attenuation, field distribution distortion and uniformity decline, ultimately affecting the beam quality, in order to compensate for this effect, usually need to introduce additional shielding coils or complex control means, increase the system complexity and cost; third, in the existing coil series process, the in-out strip is not limited by any component, which leads to easy shaking during connection, and easily causes strip damage or performance degradation.

[0009] For this purpose, the present application provides a racetrack coil high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet, comprising a core, a coil assembly and a lead block group, the core is a non-pole head structure, the center of the core forms a beam hole, the coil assembly penetrates the core and is detachably fixedly connected with the core, and the coil assembly is distributed around the periphery of the beam hole, the coil assembly comprises at least one pair of coils which are symmetrically distributed and formed into an arc-shaped bent racetrack structure by high-temperature superconducting strip winding, the outer wall of the coil assembly is fixed with the lead block group, the lead block group is located on one side of the core along the direction of the coil assembly penetrating the core, the lead block group comprises lead blocks which are the same in number as the coils and are connected one by one in correspondence, the side wall of the lead block is provided with a coil joint, and each lead block is provided with a lead slot for guiding the in-out heads of the coils to the position where the coil joint is installed and connected with the coil joint to achieve series connection between different coils.

[0010] In the specific embodiment of the above racetrack coil high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet, the lead blocks are fixedly connected with each other, and the core is detachably connected with the uppermost lead block and the lowermost lead block to position the coil assembly.

[0011] In the specific embodiment of the above racetrack coil high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet, the core comprises an upper core and a lower core, the upper core and the lower core are detachably fixedly connected in a top-down butt joint manner, a through hole is formed between the upper core and the lower core, the center of the through hole forms a beam hole, the coil assembly penetrates the through hole and is clamped and fixed by the butt joint action of the upper core and the lower core, the bottom end of the lower core is fixed with symmetrically distributed supporting legs, and the top end of the upper core is fixed with symmetrically distributed lifting lugs.

[0012] In the specific embodiment of the above racetrack coil high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet, the through hole is rectangular; or The through hole is rectangular, and four corners are arc-shaped.

[0013] In the specific implementation of the above racetrack coil high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet, the coil assembly includes four pairs of coils, which are divided into two first coils, two second coils, two third coils and two fourth coils, the two first coils are respectively sleeved outside the outer sides of the two side end portions of the iron core and are distributed transversely side by side, the gap between the two first coils forms a beam hole, the upper and lower sides of the two first coils in the through hole are sequentially stacked with the second coil, the third coil and the fourth coil in the direction away from the first coil, the width of the beam hole is smaller than the inner hole width of the second coil, and the inner hole widths of the second coil, the third coil and the fourth coil are sequentially reduced to form a staggered stack.

[0014] In the specific implementation of the above racetrack coil high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet, the coil assembly further includes an inner skeleton group and an outer skeleton group, the outer skeleton group is sleeved outside the inner skeleton group, and the gap between the outer skeleton group and the inner skeleton group is used for winding the high-temperature superconducting tape to form various coils.

[0015] In the specific implementation of the above racetrack coil high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet, the lead block group includes lead blocks divided into first lead blocks, second lead blocks, third lead blocks and fourth lead blocks, the outer wall of the outer skeleton group is fixed with the first lead block corresponding to each first coil, the outer wall of the outer skeleton group is fixed with the second lead block corresponding to each second coil, the outer wall of the outer skeleton group is fixed with the third lead block corresponding to each third coil, and the outer wall of the outer skeleton group is fixed with the fourth lead block corresponding to each fourth coil, the first lead block, the second lead block, the third lead block and the fourth lead block are stacked together and fixedly connected with each other, two first coils are connected in series through coil joints connected on corresponding first lead blocks, and two second coils, two third coils and two fourth coils are connected in series through coil joints on corresponding second lead blocks, third lead blocks and fourth lead blocks.

[0016] In the specific implementation of the above racetrack coil high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet, the upper iron core is detachably fixedly connected with the fourth lead block above the first lead block, and the lower iron core is detachably fixedly connected with the fourth lead block below the first lead block.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the high-temperature superconducting diode magnet of the racetrack-shaped coil described above, coil positioning strips are fixed on the side walls of the upper iron core and the lower iron core respectively. When the upper iron core and the lower iron core are in a docking state, the coil positioning strips on the same side of the upper iron core and the lower iron core clamp the corresponding first coil and cooperate with the upper iron core and the lower iron core to simultaneously squeeze the remaining coil inside the through hole to achieve the overall clamping and fixing of the coil assembly.

[0018] In a specific embodiment of the high-temperature superconducting diode magnet of the racetrack-shaped coil described above, the inner skeleton group includes two first inner skeletons, an upper inner skeleton group, and a lower inner skeleton group, and the outer skeleton group includes two first outer skeletons, an upper outer skeleton group, and a lower outer skeleton group. The two first inner skeletons are respectively nested on the iron core side ends on both sides of the through-hole. Each first inner skeleton is fitted with a first outer skeleton on its outer side. The gap between the first inner skeleton and the first outer skeleton is used to wind and form a first coil. The upper inner skeleton group and the lower inner skeleton group have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed above and below the beam aperture. An upper outer skeleton group is fitted on the outer side of the upper inner skeleton group, and a lower outer skeleton group is fitted on the outer side of the lower inner skeleton group. The gap between the upper inner skeleton group and the upper outer skeleton group, and the gap between the lower inner skeleton group and the lower outer skeleton group, are respectively used to wind and form a second coil, a third coil, and a fourth coil.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The coil designed in this invention adopts an arc-shaped curved racetrack structure, which bends the two long sides of the traditional racetrack into an arc shape. The transition between adjacent arc lines is smooth, which simplifies the strip winding method and avoids the strip performance degradation caused by the bending of the high-temperature superconducting strip along the narrow side due to the complex winding path. In addition, each coil in the coil assembly is individually wound and cast, and damaged coils can be replaced individually during operation.

[0020] 2. The iron core adopts a detachable connection with the upper and lower iron cores connected together. The iron core can be replaced to change the outline shape of the through-hole, so as to reduce the magnetic field component of the coil assembly perpendicular to the strip, thereby reducing the AC loss caused by the vertical magnetic field component of the strip.

[0021] 3. The inlet and outlet ends of each coil are guided to the designated position and connected to the coil connector by the lead block. The lead block and the coil assembly are combined into one unit, which can avoid the strip material being damaged or its performance degraded due to the shaking of the inlet and outlet wires. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-temperature superconducting diode magnet of the racetrack-shaped coil provided by the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Internal sectional view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coil assembly; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the connection between the intermediate coil connector and the lead block.

[0023] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Iron core; 101. Upper iron core; 102. Lower iron core; 2. Coil assembly; 201. First coil; 202. Second coil; 203. Third coil; 204. Fourth coil; 205. Inner frame assembly; 2051. First inner frame; 206. Outer frame assembly; 2061. First outer frame; 2062. Fourth outer frame; 2063. Third outer frame; 2064. Second outer frame; 3. Coil positioning strip; 4. Lead wire block assembly; 401. Fourth lead wire block; 402. Third lead wire block; 403. Second lead wire block; 404. First lead wire block; 5. Lead wire groove; 6. Lifting lug; 7. Copper plate; 8. Beam aperture; 9. Coil connector; 901. First coil connector; 902. Second coil connector; 903. Third coil connector; 904. Fourth coil connector; 905. Fifth coil connector; 906. Sixth coil connector; 907. Seventh coil connector; 908. Eighth coil connector; 909. Ninth coil connector; 910. Tenth coil connector; 911. Eleventh coil connector; 912. Connecting connector; 10. Through-hole. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the convenience of distinguishing the aforementioned components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] This invention relates to the field of superconducting magnet technology, and in particular to a high-temperature superconducting diode magnet with a racetrack-shaped coil. The aim is to solve the following problems: First, existing high-temperature superconducting diode magnets mostly employ compact coil structures, resulting in complex winding processes; furthermore, the strip needs to be bent in the narrow side direction, which easily leads to strip performance degradation, further increasing the difficulty of engineering implementation; Second, during excitation, the high-temperature superconducting strip generates significant shielding current due to its large aspect ratio, thereby introducing a shielding current induced magnetic field (SCIF), causing central magnetic field attenuation, field distribution distortion, and decreased uniformity, ultimately affecting beam quality. To compensate for this effect, additional shielding coils or complex control methods are usually required, increasing system complexity and cost; Third, in the series connection process of existing coils, the lack of any components for limiting the entry and exit of the strip leads to easy shaking during connection, easily causing strip damage or performance degradation.

[0028] The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet with combined arc-shaped racetrack coil provided in the embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] See Figures 1-4 This invention provides a high-temperature superconducting diode magnet with combined arc-shaped racetrack-type coils, including an iron core 1, a coil assembly 2, and a lead block group 4. The iron core 1 has a poleless structure, and a beam hole 8 is formed in the center of the iron core 1. The coil assembly 2 passes through the iron core 1 and is detachably fixed to it, and the coil assembly 2 is distributed around the beam hole 8. The coil assembly 2 includes at least one pair of coils that are symmetrically distributed and are wound with high-temperature superconducting strips to form an arc-shaped curved racetrack structure. The lead block group 4 is fixed on the outer wall of the coil assembly 2. The lead block group 4 is located on one side of the iron core 1 along the direction in which the coil assembly 2 passes through the iron core 1. The lead block group 4 includes lead blocks that are the same number as the number of coils and are connected one-to-one. A coil connector 9 is installed on the side wall of the lead block. Each lead block is provided with a lead groove 5 for guiding the coil's inlet and outlet ends to the position where the coil connector 9 is installed and connected to it to achieve series connection between different coils. Specifically, the arc-shaped curved runway structure bends the two long sides of the traditional runway into an arc shape, with a smooth transition between adjacent arc lines. This simplifies the strip winding process and avoids the performance degradation of the high-temperature superconducting strip caused by bending along the narrow side due to complex winding paths.

[0030] Specifically, the coil assembly 2 further includes an inner skeleton assembly 205 and an outer skeleton assembly 206. The outer skeleton assembly 206 is sleeved on the outside of the inner skeleton assembly 205, and the gap between the outer skeleton assembly 206 and the inner skeleton assembly 205 is used for winding high-temperature superconducting tape to form various coils. The shape of the lead groove 5 can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and this application does not make a specific limitation. The lead groove 5 can be... Figure 1 The shape shown.

[0031] In the above embodiment, the iron core 1 adopts a stepless head structure, the main function of which is to shield the magnetic field, and the coil assembly 2 is used to generate the magnetic field. The lead blocks are fixedly connected to each other to ensure the overall stability of the lead block assembly 4. The inlet and outlet ends can be glued into the lead groove 5. The inlet and outlet ends of each coil are guided to the designated position and connected to the coil connector through the lead blocks. The lead blocks and the coil assembly 2 are combined into one unit, which can avoid strip damage or performance degradation caused by the shaking of the inlet and outlet strips.

[0032] In addition, the coils wound with high-temperature superconducting tape adopt a racetrack-shaped structure, and multiple arc segments can form a good transition, making tape winding easier and avoiding tape performance degradation caused by the bending of high-temperature superconducting tape along narrow edges due to complex winding paths.

[0033] See Figure 2 In the above embodiment, preferably, the iron core 1 includes an upper iron core 101 and a lower iron core 102. The upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102 are detachably fixedly connected by an upper-lower docking method. A through-hole 10 is formed between the upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102, and a beam hole 8 is formed in the center of the through-hole 10. The coil assembly 2 passes through the through-hole 10 and is clamped and fixed by the docking action of the upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102. The bottom end of the lower iron core 102 is fixed with symmetrically distributed support legs, and the top end of the upper iron core 101 is fixed with symmetrically distributed lifting lugs 6. Both the upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102 are made of laminated silicon steel sheets.

[0034] Specifically, the upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102 are detachably fixedly connected by multiple sets of studs and nuts. That is, the studs pass through the upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102, and the top and bottom ends of the studs are threaded with nuts for locking and fixing. The upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102 fasten the coil assembly 2 in the through-hole 10 to achieve the purpose of clamping.

[0035] In the above embodiments, preferably, the iron core 1 is detachably connected to the uppermost and lowermost lead blocks to position the coil assembly 2, that is, the upper iron core 101 is detachably fixedly connected to the uppermost lead block, and the lower iron core 102 is detachably connected to the lowermost lead block. Figure 1As shown, the coil assembly 2 passes through the through-hole 10. The through-hole 10 can limit the vertical displacement and lateral position of the coil assembly 2, but the longitudinal position is not positioned during installation. Therefore, the coil assembly 2 is positioned in the longitudinal position by connecting the lead block to the iron core 1.

[0036] In one embodiment, the through-hole 10 is rectangular. In one embodiment, the through-hole 10 is rectangular, and all four corners are arc-shaped.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the iron core 1 has the function of guiding the distribution of magnetic flux lines generated by the coil assembly 2. This application can adjust the outline shape of the through-hole 10 by replacing different iron cores 1 to reduce the magnetic field component of the coil assembly 2 perpendicular to the strip, thereby reducing the AC loss caused by the magnetic field component perpendicular to the strip. For example, the AC loss caused by the through-hole simply adopting a rectangular shape is greater than the AC loss caused by the through-hole adopting a rectangular shape with arc-shaped ends at the four corners.

[0038] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The coil assembly 2 includes four pairs of coils, which are divided into two first coils 201, two second coils 202, two third coils 203, and two fourth coils 204. The two first coils 201 are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the iron core 1 on both sides of the through-hole and are arranged laterally side by side. The gap between the two first coils 201 forms a beam hole 8. Above and below the two first coils 201 in the through-hole, the second coils 202, third coils 203, and fourth coils 204 are stacked sequentially in a direction away from the first coils 201. The width of the beam hole 8 is smaller than the inner width of the second coil 202. The inner widths of the second coils 202, third coils 203, and fourth coils 204 decrease sequentially to form a staggered stack, i.e. Figure 2 The stacking method shown.

[0039] In the above embodiment, two first coils 201 are arranged laterally side by side to form a beam aperture 8. The size of the beam aperture 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the number of turns of the two first coils 201 to achieve the required beam aperture 8. The second coil 202, third coil 203, and fourth coil 204 above and below the first coils 201 are symmetrically distributed to ensure magnetic field uniformity, i.e., to help ensure magnetic field quality. The number of turns of the first coils 201, second coil 202, third coil 203, and fourth coil 204 can be flexibly set according to actual requirements.

[0040] In the above embodiments, the number and number of turns of the coils are not specifically limited, and the central magnetic field and magnetic field quality can be matched by adjusting the number and number of turns of each coil. A larger magnetic field requires more coils.

[0041] In one embodiment, see Figures 1-2 Coil positioning strips 3 are fixed on both side walls of the upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102. When the upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102 are in a mating state, the coil positioning strips 3 on the same side of the upper iron core 101 and the lower iron core 102 clamp the corresponding first coil 201 and work together to squeeze the remaining coil inside the through-hole to achieve overall clamping and fixing of the coil assembly 2. By clamping and fixing the first coil 201 on the outside of the iron core 1 with the coil positioning strips 3, the stability of the connection between the first coil 201 and the iron core 1 is ensured.

[0042] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The inner frame group 205 includes two first inner frames 2051, an upper inner frame group 205, and a lower inner frame group 205. The outer frame group 206 includes two first outer frames 2061, an upper outer frame group 206, and a lower outer frame group 206. The two first inner frames 2051 are respectively nested at the ends of the iron core 1 on both sides of the through-hole. Each first inner frame is fitted with a first outer frame 2061. The gap between the first inner frame 2051 and the first outer frame 2061 is used to wind a first coil forming a racetrack shape. 201. The upper inner skeleton group 205 and the lower inner skeleton group 205 have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed above and below the beam aperture 8. An upper outer skeleton group 206 is sleeved on the outside of the upper inner skeleton group 205, and a lower outer skeleton group 206 is sleeved on the outside of the lower inner skeleton group 205. The gaps between the upper inner skeleton group 205 and the upper outer skeleton group 206, and the gaps between the lower inner skeleton group 205 and the lower outer skeleton group 206, are used to wind the second coil 202, the third coil, and the fourth coil 204 in the shape of a racetrack, respectively.

[0043] Specifically, the upper inner frame assembly 205 includes a second inner frame 2064 for winding the second coil 202, a third inner frame 2063 for winding the third coil 203, and a fourth inner frame 2062 for winding the fourth coil 204. The second, third, and fourth inner frames are stacked sequentially from bottom to top and connected and fixed by bolts and nuts. The upper outer frame assembly 206 includes a second outer frame 2064 sleeved on the outside of the second coil 202, a third outer frame 2063 sleeved on the third coil 203, and a fourth outer frame 2062 sleeved on the fourth coil 204. The second, third, and fourth outer frames in the upper and lower outer frame assemblies 206 and 206 are provided with connecting holes for detachable and fixed connections by bolts and nuts.

[0044] The design of the inner skeleton assembly 205 and the outer skeleton assembly 206 ensures the stability and robustness of the entire coil assembly 2. Both the inner and outer skeleton assemblies are composed of multiple skeletons spliced ​​together, and each skeleton is independent, facilitating the individual replacement of different inner and outer skeletons. Each coil is individually wound, allowing for individual replacement of damaged coils during operation, making it more convenient to use and reducing manufacturing costs. In addition, the high-temperature superconducting tape used for winding each coil uses polyimide tape in a semi-overlapping manner, and each coil is individually cast with paraffin wax to meet the requirements of rapid excitation.

[0045] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The lead block group 4 includes lead blocks divided into a first lead block 404, a second lead block 403, a third lead block 402, and a fourth lead block 401. A first lead block 404 is fixed to the outer wall of the outer frame group 206 at a location corresponding to each first coil 201; a second lead block 403 is fixed to the outer wall of the outer frame group 206 at a location corresponding to each second coil 202; a third lead block 402 is fixed to the outer wall of the outer frame group 206 at a location corresponding to each third coil 203; and a fourth lead block 401 is fixed to the outer wall of the outer frame group 206 at a location corresponding to each third coil 203. A fourth lead block 401 is fixed to the corresponding part of the four coils 204. The first lead block 404, the second lead block 403, the third lead block 402, and the fourth lead block 401 are stacked together and fixedly connected to each other. The two first coils 201 are connected in series through the coil connectors connected to the corresponding first lead block 404. The two second coils 202, the two third coils 203, and the two fourth coils 204 are connected in series through the coil connectors on the corresponding second lead block 403, the third lead block 402, and the fourth lead block 401. The upper iron core 101 is detachably and fixedly connected to the fourth lead block 401 located above the first lead block 404, and the lower iron core 102 is detachably and fixedly connected to the fourth lead block 401 located below the first lead block 404.

[0046] Specifically, the first lead block 404 is fixed on the outer wall of the first outer frame, the second lead block 403 is fixed on the outer wall of the second outer frame, the third lead block 402 is fixed on the outer wall of the third outer frame, and the fourth lead block 401 is fixed on the outer wall of the fourth outer frame. Each lead block is stacked together according to the corresponding coil.

[0047] More specifically, each lead block is provided with a lead groove 5 for guiding the inlet and outlet wires. For example, the lead groove 5 for guiding the inlet wire is located on the top surface of the lead block, and the lead groove 5 for guiding the outlet wire is located on the bottom surface of the lead block. Figure 1 and Figures 3-4As shown, the entire coil forms two sets of coil groups connected in series. The coil connectors 9 corresponding to the multiple coils connected in series are divided into the first coil connector 201, the second coil connector 202, the third coil connector 203, the fourth coil connector 204, the fifth coil connector 905, the sixth coil connector 906, the seventh coil connector 907, the eighth coil connector 908, the ninth coil connector 909, the tenth coil connector 910, and the eleventh coil connector 911. The first group of coils connected in series specifically consists of: a first coil 201 connector connected to the inlet of the fourth coil 204 and a second coil 202 connector connected to the outlet of the fourth coil 204 at the end of the uppermost fourth lead block 401. This second coil 202 connector is also fixedly connected to the adjacent third lead block 402 for connection to its inlet. A third coil 203 connector connected to the outlet of the third coil 203 is fixedly connected to the second lead block 403 for connection to the inlet of the second coil 202. A fourth coil 204 connector connected to the outlet of the second coil 202 is fixedly connected to the end of the second lead block 403. This fourth coil 204 connector is located below the first lead block 404. The second lead block 403 is fixedly connected to the inlet of the corresponding second coil 202. A fifth coil connector 905, connected to the outlet of the corresponding second coil 202, is fixedly attached to the end of the second lead block 403 away from the coil. Simultaneously, the fifth coil connector 905 is fixedly connected to the adjacent third lead block 402 for connection to the inlet of the third coil 203. A sixth coil connector 906, connected to the outlet of the third coil 203, is fixedly attached to the end of the third lead block 402 away from the coil. Simultaneously, the sixth coil connector 906 is fixedly connected to the adjacent fourth lead block 401 for connection to the inlet of the fourth coil 204. A seventh coil connector 907, connected to the outlet of the fourth coil 204, is fixedly attached to the end of the fourth lead block 401 away from the coil. The entire connection forms a series connection. The second set of series coils specifically includes: Figure 3 As shown, the first lead block 404 near the left side is fixed with an eighth coil connector 908 connected to the inlet of the corresponding first coil 201 and a ninth coil connector 909 connected to the outlet. The first lead block 404 near the right side is fixed with a tenth coil connector 910 connected to the inlet of the corresponding first coil 201 and an eleventh coil connector 911 connected to the outlet. The ninth coil connector 909 and the tenth coil connector 910 are connected by a connecting connector 912, so that the two first coils 201 are connected in series.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the coils in the coil assembly 2 are divided into two sets of coils connected in series as described above, or other sets of coils connected in series. They can be energized in sequence, that is, the coils are energized in sequence instead of simultaneously, thereby changing the coil energization memory. This is to eliminate the attenuation of the magnet center field, the deterioration of the magnetic field distribution pattern and uniformity caused by SCIF, and thus improve the quality of the accelerator beam.

[0049] In this application, copper plates 7 are provided between adjacent coils, as well as at the top and bottom of the uppermost and lowermost coils. The copper plates 7 at the top and bottom of the first coil 201 are fixedly connected to the outer frame assembly 206. The copper plates 7 between adjacent coils inside the through-hole are fixed by clamping force. The uppermost and lowermost copper plates 7 inside the through-hole cover the entire coil inside the through-hole, and these copper plates 7 are fixedly connected to the outer frame assembly 206. The copper plates 7 are used for heat conduction.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature superconducting diode magnet with a racetrack-shaped coil, characterized in that, The device includes an iron core, coil assemblies, and lead block assemblies. The iron core has a stepless head structure, with a beam aperture formed at its center. The coil assemblies pass through the iron core and are detachably fixed to it, with the coil assemblies distributed around the beam aperture. Each coil assembly includes at least one pair of symmetrically distributed coils wound from high-temperature superconducting tape to form an arc-shaped, curved racetrack structure. Lead block assemblies are fixed to the outer wall of the coil assembly, located on one side of the iron core along the direction the coil assembly passes through the iron core. Each lead block assemblies includes lead blocks that are the same number as the coils and connected one-to-one. Coil connectors are installed on the side walls of the lead blocks, and each lead block has a lead groove for guiding the coil's inlet and outlet ends to the location where the coil connector is installed and connected to it to achieve series connection between different coils.

2. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead blocks are fixedly connected to each other, and the iron core is detachably connected to the uppermost and lowermost lead blocks to position the coil assembly.

3. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The iron core includes an upper iron core and a lower iron core. The upper iron core and the lower iron core are detachably and fixedly connected by an upper and lower docking method. A through-hole is formed between the upper iron core and the lower iron core. A current-generating hole is formed in the center of the through-hole. The coil assembly passes through the through-hole and is clamped and fixed by the docking action of the upper iron core and the lower iron core. Symmetrically distributed support legs are fixed at the bottom end of the lower iron core, and symmetrically distributed lifting lugs are fixed at the top end of the upper iron core.

4. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through-hole is rectangular; or The through-hole is rectangular, and all four corners are arc-shaped.

5. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coil assembly includes four pairs of coils, which are divided into two first coils, two second coils, two third coils, and two fourth coils. The two first coils are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the iron core end on both sides of the through-hole and are arranged laterally side by side. The gap between the two first coils forms a beam hole. Above and below the two first coils in the through-hole, the second coil, the third coil, and the fourth coil are stacked sequentially in a direction away from the first coil. The width of the beam hole is smaller than the inner hole width of the second coil. The inner hole widths of the second coil, the third coil, and the fourth coil decrease sequentially to form a staggered stack.

6. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coil assembly also includes an inner skeleton group and an outer skeleton group. The outer skeleton group is sleeved on the outside of the inner skeleton group, and the gap between the outer skeleton group and the inner skeleton group is used for winding high-temperature superconducting tape to form various coils.

7. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lead block assembly includes lead blocks divided into a first lead block, a second lead block, a third lead block, and a fourth lead block. A first lead block is fixed to the outer wall of the outer frame assembly at a location corresponding to each first coil. A second lead block is fixed to the outer wall of the outer frame assembly at a location corresponding to each second coil. A third lead block is fixed to the outer wall of the outer frame assembly at a location corresponding to each third coil. A fourth lead block is fixed to the outer wall of the outer frame assembly at a location corresponding to each fourth coil. The first, second, third, and fourth lead blocks are stacked together and fixedly connected to each other. Two first coils are connected in series through coil connectors connected to the corresponding first lead blocks. Two second coils, two third coils, and two fourth coils are connected in series through coil connectors on the corresponding second, third, and fourth lead blocks.

8. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper iron core is detachably and fixedly connected to the fourth lead block located above the first lead block, and the lower iron core is detachably and fixedly connected to the fourth lead block located below the first lead block.

9. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 3, characterized in that, Coil positioning strips are fixed on both sides of the upper iron core and the lower iron core respectively. When the upper iron core and the lower iron core are in the docking state, the coil positioning strips on the same side of the upper iron core and the lower iron core clamp the corresponding first coil and cooperate with the upper iron core and the lower iron core to squeeze the remaining coil inside the through hole to achieve the overall clamping and fixing of the coil assembly.

10. The high-temperature superconducting diode magnet for the racetrack-shaped coil according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner skeleton group includes two first inner skeletons, an upper inner skeleton group, and a lower inner skeleton group. The outer skeleton group includes two first outer skeletons, an upper outer skeleton group, and a lower outer skeleton group. The two first inner skeletons are nested on the iron core side ends on both sides of the through-hole. Each first inner skeleton is fitted with a first outer skeleton. The gap between the first inner skeleton and the first outer skeleton is used to wind and form a first coil. The upper inner skeleton group and the lower inner skeleton group have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed above and below the beam hole. An upper outer skeleton group is fitted on the outside of the upper inner skeleton group, and a lower outer skeleton group is fitted on the outside of the lower inner skeleton group. The gap between the upper inner skeleton group and the upper outer skeleton group, and the gap between the lower inner skeleton group and the lower outer skeleton group, are used to wind and form a second coil, a third coil, and a fourth coil, respectively.

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