Method for rapidly and stably recovering vegetation in back-ploughing sand land

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly and stably restoring vegetation in a backtillage sand land. The method comprises the following steps that S1, a plurality of straw bags are prepared; s2, grass seeds and sandy soil are mixed; s3, the sandy soil mixed with the grass seeds is put into a grass bag; s4, the filled straw bags are laid on the surface of the sand land to be restored according to set intervals; and S5, grass seeds are sown on the surface of the sand land to be recovered between the laid grass bags. The grass bags serve as sand barriers and planting units at the same time, sand fixation and seed source integration is achieved, the problems that sand land seeds are prone to displacement and the seedling survival rate is low are effectively solved, and the method has the advantages of being rapid in effect taking, durable, stable, low in cost, environmentally friendly and easy to popularize and is particularly suitable for ecological restoration of desertification grassland in arid and semi-arid areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically relating to a method for the rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land. Background Technology

[0002] The total area of ​​sandy land worldwide is approximately 30 million km². 2 Sandy land accounts for 20.3% of the total land area. The restoration of vegetation in sandy areas is related to ecological restoration, climate governance, economic development and social stability, and has multiple comprehensive benefits.

[0003] Existing desert vegetation restoration technologies include monoculture of grass, laying grass checkerboards, plastic sand barriers, and chemical sand fixation. Monoculture of grass has poor sustainability, with a vegetation survival rate of less than 40%, making it difficult to achieve long-term stable vegetation cover. Laying grass checkerboards is costly, costing approximately 1000 yuan per mu (approximately 667 square meters), making large-scale application uneconomical. Plastic sand barriers easily cause "white pollution," as the materials are difficult to degrade and have a long-term impact on the ecological environment. Chemical sand fixation, such as using polyacrylamide (PAM) sand-fixing agents, is difficult to degrade and can inhibit soil animal activity, damaging the soil ecosystem.

[0004] The core objective of ecological restoration of desertified grasslands is to rapidly control wind erosion and achieve stable vegetation cover. However, due to the high mobility of sandy land, seeds are easily blown away or buried after sowing; the organic matter content of desertified grasslands is less than 0.5%, resulting in poor water and fertilizer retention capacity; the daily temperature range of the surface can reach 40℃, leading to extremely low seedling survival rates. Therefore, vegetation restoration has always been a difficult problem in ecological restoration.

[0005] Given the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need to invent a method for restoring vegetation in sandy areas that can simultaneously meet the triple requirements of "rapid results", "long-term stability" and "labor-saving and cost-effectiveness". Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for the rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land, thereby solving the problems of insufficient seed sources, high mobility, frequent wind erosion, low seedling survival rate, poor soil water retention, and high engineering treatment costs in sandy land.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a method for the rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step S1: Prepare multiple straw bags;

[0010] Step S2: Mix the grass seeds with sand;

[0011] Step S3: Fill the sand mixed with grass seeds into the grass bag;

[0012] Step S4: Lay the filled straw bags at the set intervals on the surface of the sandy land to be restored. The straw bags serve as sand barriers and planting units.

[0013] Step S5: Sow grass seeds on the sandy surface to be restored between the laid grass bags.

[0014] The straw bag measures 50cm x 70cm.

[0015] The straw bags are made of biodegradable rice straw.

[0016] The sand mixed with grass seeds is filled into the grass bag to 2 / 3 of the bag's capacity, and the bag opening is kept open or simply tied.

[0017] The grass seeds include annual grass seeds and perennial grass seeds, and the mass mixing ratio of annual grass seeds and perennial grass seeds is 6:4; the annual grass seeds germinate quickly to provide initial cover, while the perennial grass seeds have well-developed root systems and can gradually form a stable plant community.

[0018] The grass seeds are a mixture of foxtail grass, oat grass, sheep grass, ice grass and rough clover, with a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:1.

[0019] In step S2, the sand is taken from the sandy land to be restored, and the volume ratio of the grass seeds to the sand is 1:100.

[0020] In step S4, the filled straw bags are laid out in a row-column or triangular arrangement, with a row-column spacing of 2-3 meters.

[0021] The spacing between the rows and columns of the filled straw bags should be adjusted according to the intensity of wind erosion, and the spacing should be appropriately increased in areas with severe wind erosion.

[0022] In step S5, the grass seeds sown on the sandy surface between the grass bags are the same as the grass seeds put into the grass bags, and the sowing amount is 5-10 kg / hectare.

[0023] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] 1. Rapid and Efficient Sand Fixation: This invention utilizes straw bags filled with sand and seeds to simultaneously serve as sand barriers and planting units. The straw bags can immediately and effectively block windblown sand, fix surface sand particles, and control wind erosion; the seeds inside the bags germinate and grow rapidly after rainfall, forming vegetation patches in a short period of time, achieving rapid greening. After the straw bags degrade, they can also provide organic matter to the soil, improving soil structure.

[0025] 2. Long-term stability and promotion of succession: By selecting a reasonable mixing ratio of annual and perennial grass species (e.g., 6:4), annual grass species germinate quickly to provide initial cover, while perennial grass species have well-developed root systems and long lifespans, which can gradually form a stable plant community, ensuring the long-term sustainability of vegetation and laying the foundation for subsequent ecological succession.

[0026] 3. Labor-saving, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly: This method makes full use of local sand and inexpensive straw resources, resulting in low material costs. The operation process is simple, requiring no complex equipment or large amounts of imported soil and fertilizer, significantly reducing labor, transportation, and material costs. Furthermore, all materials are biodegradable, avoiding the environmental pollution problems caused by plastic sand barriers or chemical sand-fixing agents, ensuring high ecological safety.

[0027] 4. Multifunctional Integration and Synergistic Effect: This invention integrates the functions of "sand-fixing barrier" and "planting hole" into a single straw bag, achieving simultaneous engineering and biological sand-fixing. The straw bag not only prevents wind erosion and fixes sand, but also provides a stable microenvironment (moisture retention, heat preservation, and wind erosion resistance) for seed germination, significantly improving seed germination rate and seedling survival rate. It solves the problems of seeds being easily blown away, buried, or scorched during traditional sowing, demonstrating a synergistic effect of "1+1>2".

[0028] 5. Wide adaptability and easy to promote: This method has low requirements for sandy terrain and climate conditions, does not require large-scale irrigation, and mainly relies on natural rainfall, making it particularly suitable for large-scale treatment in arid and semi-arid regions. The materials used (straw, sand, and local grass species) are readily available, the technical process is simple and easy to learn, requires no specialized machinery, and facilitates the participation of local people in implementation, greatly improving the applicability and operability of the technology in various desertification areas. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the sample plot before vegetation restoration in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a photograph of the arrangement of straw bags in the sample plot in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 These are photographs of vegetation germination in the sample plots of this invention, taken in an embodiment of the invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a photograph taken in the same year after vegetation restoration in the sample plot, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] See Figures 1 to 4As shown, the present invention provides a method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step S1: Prepare a sufficient number of straw bags;

[0036] Step S2: Place the grass bags on the sandy area to be restored and mix the grass seeds with the sand.

[0037] Step S3: Fill the sand mixed with grass seeds into the grass bag;

[0038] Step S4: Taking into account the restoration goals and the degree of wind erosion and sand burial, lay grass bags filled with sand (mixed with grass seeds) at certain intervals on the surface of the sandy land to be restored. The grass bags serve as sand barriers and planting units.

[0039] Step S5: After the burlap sacks are laid, the same grass seed mixture as that inside the burlap sacks is aerially or broadcast onto the sandy surface between the burlap sacks to increase vegetation cover density and community diversity.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the straw bag is a biodegradable rice straw bag, with a size of 50cm × 70cm. Straw bags that are too small will increase operating costs, while straw bags that are too large will be too heavy when filled with sand, making them inconvenient to operate. Preferably, the amount of sand mixed with grass seeds inside the straw bag is 2 / 3 of the bag's capacity, and the bag opening is kept open or simply tied. The straw bag provides insulation, moisture retention, and prevents the seeds from being blown away by the wind or buried by sand, creating a microenvironment conducive to grass seed germination inside the bag.

[0041] In embodiments of the present invention, the grass seeds include annual grass seeds and perennial grass seeds, and the mass mixing ratio of annual grass seeds and perennial grass seeds is 6:4. Annual grass seeds germinate rapidly to provide initial cover, while perennial grass seeds have well-developed root systems and long lifespans, enabling them to gradually form stable plant communities, ensuring the long-term sustainability of vegetation, and laying the foundation for subsequent ecological succession.

[0042] Specifically, the grass seeds are a mixture of foxtail grass, oat grass, sheep grass, ice grass and rough clover, in a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:1.

[0043] Furthermore, in step S2, the sand is taken from the sandy land to be restored, and the volume ratio of grass seeds to sand is 1:100.

[0044] Furthermore, in step S4, the sand-filled straw bags are laid in a row-column or triangular arrangement, with a row-column spacing of 2-3 meters. The row-column spacing is adjusted according to the wind erosion intensity, and is appropriately increased in areas with severe wind erosion.

[0045] Furthermore, in step S5, the grass seeds sown on the sandy surface between the grass bags are the same as the grass seeds put into the grass bags, and the sowing amount is 5-10 kg / hectare.

[0046] This invention provides a method for the rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land. Before implementing this method, the weather conditions at the implementation site should be checked to ensure that there is rainfall within one week after implementation. This method can simultaneously achieve rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in sandy land that is "effective in time", "stable in the long term" and "labor-saving and cost-efficient".

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This method was implemented in a typical desertified area in northern China that had been converted from farmland to forest.

[0049] 1. Preliminary preparations:

[0050] a. Material preparation: Prepare several straw bags with dimensions of 50cm (width) × 70cm (length). Straw bags are woven from straw, have good water permeability and air permeability, and are easily biodegradable.

[0051] b. Seed Preparation: Select grass species adapted to local climate and soil conditions for mixing. The grass species and their weight ratios used in this example are: 30% foxtail grass (Setaria viridis), 30% oat grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), 20% sheepgrass (Leymus chinensis), 10% ice grass (Agropyron cristatum), and 10% squarrosa (Cleistogenes squarrosa). In this mixture, annual grasses (foxtail grass and oat grass) account for 60% of the total weight, and perennial grasses (sheepgrass, ice grass, and squarrosa) account for 40%.

[0052] c. Site and Timing Selection: Select the treatment area, see [reference]. Figure 1 As shown, check the local weather forecast to ensure there will be precipitation within a week of the measures being implemented.

[0053] 2. On-site construction:

[0054] a. Mixing of filler material: At the treatment site, mix the local sand with the above-mentioned mixed grass seeds evenly. The volume ratio of sand to seeds is approximately 100:1 to ensure even distribution of the seeds.

[0055] b. Bagging: Fill straw bags with sand mixed with grass seeds, filling them to about two-thirds of their capacity. Then, simply tie the bag opening tightly or leave it loose to allow rainwater to seep in.

[0056] c. Laying: Based on the wind erosion intensity of the area (moderate wind erosion), straw bags are laid in a triangular pattern. The row and column spacing between straw bags is 2.5 meters. During laying, the straw bags are laid flat on the sand surface and gently pressed to ensure stable contact with the sand surface. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 As shown.

[0057] 3. Supporting measures:

[0058] After laying the straw bags, the same grass seed mixture was sown manually on the bare sand between the straw bags at a rate of about 5-10 kg / hectare to promote uniform vegetation coverage.

[0059] 4. Post-treatment maintenance and effects:

[0060] Three days after construction, approximately 15mm of rainfall occurred. About a week later, the grass seeds inside the straw bags and in the sown areas began to germinate. The seedlings inside the straw bags, due to effective protection and water retention, had a significantly higher germination rate than those in the sown areas. A survey one month later showed that the average vegetation cover inside the straw bags reached over 50%, forming stable vegetation patches. (See [reference needed]) Figure 3 As shown. These patches effectively stabilized the sandy surface and provided shelter for the seedlings. After one growing season, the overall vegetation cover in the treated area recovered from less than 5% to over 35%, and wind erosion was effectively controlled. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 As shown.

[0061] Vegetation restoration status: The vegetation restoration process and effects after the implementation of this method can be observed and evaluated through the following multiple dimensions:

[0062] 1. Germination and seedling emergence stage (within 1-2 weeks after construction)

[0063] Observation: After effective rainfall or irrigation, the grass seeds mixed inside the straw bags germinated first. Because the straw bags provided insulation, moisture retention, and prevented the seeds from being blown away by the wind or buried by sand, a microenvironment conducive to seed germination was created inside the bags.

[0064] Recovery Results: At this stage, the germination rate inside the straw bags was significantly higher than in the directly aerial-sown areas, expected to reach over 70%. Some seeds in the aerial-sown areas successfully germinated, but the germination rate was relatively low and unevenly distributed. The straw bags quickly developed a distinct green, speckled distribution, forming a preliminary vegetation pattern.

[0065] 2. Initial growth and plaque formation stage (within 1-2 months)

[0066] Phenomenon observation: Annual grasses (such as foxtail grass and oat grass) grow rapidly, forming aboveground biomass and covering the ground in a short period of time. Perennial grasses (such as sheepgrass and ice grass) simultaneously begin to root and sprout, with their roots extending deep downwards to initially establish an underground root network.

[0067] Restoration effect: The straw bags transform into independent "vegetation islands" or "settlements." The average vegetation cover of these islands can quickly reach over 50%, effectively stabilizing the sand surface beneath and around them. They begin to play a role in sand control, capturing fine particulate matter and organic matter carried by windblown sand, gradually improving local soil fertility and structure.

[0068] 3. Stabilization and Expansion Phase (after one growing season)

[0069] Observation: Annual plants complete their life cycle, but their remains provide organic matter to the soil. Perennial plants, with their developed root systems, enter a period of vigorous growth and gradually become the dominant species in the community. The straw bags themselves begin to decompose naturally.

[0070] Restoration effects: The plant community transitions from annual dominance to perennial dominance, enhancing stability. The overall vegetation cover in the treated area can recover from less than 10% initially to over 35% or even higher. Surface wind erosion is fundamentally curbed. Degraded straw is further converted into organic matter, continuously nourishing and improving the soil.

[0071] 4. Expected long-term sustainability phase (after 2-3 growing seasons)

[0072] Expected phenomena observed: Perennial herbaceous plants form a stable canopy and a strong root network, resulting in a significant increase in underground biomass and a fundamental improvement in soil structure. Surrounding broadcast plants and naturally invasive native species gradually and successfully establish themselves under the protection of the vegetation patches.

[0073] Expected restoration results: Ultimately, a near-natural ecosystem with strong self-sustaining and anti-disturbing capabilities will be formed. Vegetation cover, species diversity, and biomass will tend to stabilize and may gradually increase, successfully achieving the transition from "rapid restoration" to "stable maintenance" and effectively avoiding secondary vegetation degradation.

[0074] The present invention provides a method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land, the core advantages of which are as follows:

[0075] High survival rate: It overcomes the problems of seeds being easily displaced and seedlings having difficulty surviving in sandy areas, increasing the seedling survival rate from less than 30% in traditional methods to over 70%.

[0076] Rapid coverage: Through the "vegetation island" model, effective coverage is formed in a short period of time after the project is implemented, which can quickly suppress wind erosion and achieve rapid results.

[0077] Promoting succession: Scientific grass species matching enables a natural and smooth transition from rapid greening to stable communities, leading to stable climax communities.

[0078] Soil improvement: The combined effect of straw bags and plant roots gradually increases the organic matter content and water and fertilizer retention capacity of sandy soil, fundamentally improving site conditions.

[0079] In summary, the vegetation restoration driven by this method is a dynamic and continuous development process that follows ecological principles, progressing from "points" (straw bags) to "areas" (the entire treatment area), and from "rapid fixation" to "long-term stability." Its ultimate goal is to form a healthy, efficient, and sustainable sandy ecosystem.

[0080] This invention uses straw bags as both sand barriers and planting units, integrating sand fixation and seed source into one, effectively overcoming the problems of easy seed displacement and low seedling survival rate in sandy areas. It has the advantages of rapid effect, long-lasting stability, low cost, environmental friendliness, and easy promotion, and is especially suitable for the ecological restoration of desertified grasslands in arid and semi-arid regions.

[0081] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, extensions, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare multiple straw bags; Step S2: Mix the grass seeds with sand; Step S3: Fill the sand mixed with grass seeds into the grass bag; Step S4: Lay the filled straw bags at the set intervals on the surface of the sandy land to be restored. The straw bags serve as sand barriers and planting units. Step S5: Sow grass seeds on the sandy surface to be restored between the laid grass bags.

2. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw bag measures 50cm x 70cm.

3. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw bags are made of biodegradable rice straw.

4. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand mixed with grass seeds is filled into the grass bag to 2 / 3 of the bag's capacity, and the bag opening is kept open or simply tied.

5. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grass seeds include annual grass seeds and perennial grass seeds, and the mass mixing ratio of annual grass seeds and perennial grass seeds is 6:4; the annual grass seeds germinate quickly to provide initial cover, while the perennial grass seeds have well-developed root systems and can gradually form a stable plant community.

6. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grass seeds are a mixture of foxtail grass, oat grass, sheep grass, ice grass and rough clover, with a mass ratio of 3:3:2:1:

1.

7. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the sand is taken from the sandy land to be restored, and the volume ratio of the grass seeds to the sand is 1:

100.

8. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the filled straw bags are laid out in a row-column or triangular arrangement, with a row-column spacing of 2-3 meters.

9. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the rows and columns of the filled straw bags should be adjusted according to the intensity of wind erosion, and the spacing should be appropriately increased in areas with severe wind erosion.

10. The method for rapid and stable restoration of vegetation in converted sandy land according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the grass seeds sown on the sandy surface between the grass bags are the same as the grass seeds put into the grass bags, and the sowing amount is 5-10 kg / hectare.

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