Automatic preparation system for soil sample

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sample preparation, in particular to an automatic soil sample preparation system which comprises a drying module, a coarse screening module, a grinding module, a fine screening module, a weighing module and a cleaning and dust collecting module. The drying module is arranged at the right upper part of the whole system and is used for preparing a fresh soil sample into a dry soil sample; the coarse screening module is obliquely arranged below the drying module and is used for primarily grading the dried soil sample and separating impurities; the grinding module is arranged below the coarse screening module and used for crushing the soil particles to the target particle size; the fine screening module is arranged below the grinding module and is used for precisely grading the soil sample; the weighing module is arranged below the fine screening module and is used for quantitatively sub-packaging the soil samples; the cleaning and dust collecting module is arranged on the lower left portion of the system and used for cleaning all the modules and collecting dust. The system can realize automatic preparation of the soil sample, and has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, low cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil sample preparation technology, and in particular to an automated soil sample preparation system. Background Technology

[0002] Soil sample preparation refers to the process of drying, grinding, sieving, and bottling soil samples after they are collected from the field. Traditional soil sample preparation procedures include field sampling, removing impurities such as lime nodules and plant / animal remains, air drying, grinding, weighing, and bottling. Using traditional manual methods for soil sample preparation presents problems such as high labor intensity, low production efficiency, and susceptibility to cross-contamination.

[0003] Sample preparation using a single device requires the use of various instruments such as dryers, grinders, sieves, and analyzers to complete the entire process. While this reduces the workload to some extent, it still presents numerous problems, including high overall equipment costs, low efficiency in transferring samples between devices, cumbersome cleaning of each device, and the risk of cross-contamination of samples.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an efficient, environmentally friendly, and low-cost automated soil sample preparation system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated soil sample preparation system that integrates drying, coarse sieving, grinding, fine sieving, weighing, and cleaning functions, thereby addressing the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An automated soil sample preparation system, characterized in that it comprises a drying module, a coarse sieve module, a grinding module, and a fine sieve module connected in sequence, as well as a weighing module and a cleaning and dust collection module; wherein: the drying discharge pipe of the drying module is connected to the coarse sieve feed pipe of the coarse sieve module via a first flexible connecting component; the coarse sieve discharge pipe of the coarse sieve module is connected to the grinding feed pipe of the grinding module via a second flexible connecting component; the grinding discharge valve assembly of the grinding module is connected to the fine sieve feed pipe of the fine sieve module via a fourth flexible connecting component; the weighing module is disposed below the fine sieve discharge extension pipe of the fine sieve module for receiving and weighing the soil sample after fine sieving; the cleaning and dust collection module is connected to the coarse sieve waste discharge extension pipe of the coarse sieve module and the fine sieve waste discharge extension pipe of the fine sieve module respectively, for collecting screening waste and dust; The drying module includes: a first motor, a drying cylinder cover, a temperature and humidity sensor, a drying cylinder feed pipe, a first electric valve, a spiral stirring mechanism, a drying cylinder, a drying cylinder support, a first weighing sensor, a clean air inlet pipe, a hot air inlet pipe, a drying cylinder bottom cover, and a drying discharge valve assembly; wherein: the first motor is fixed on the drying cylinder cover and drives the spiral stirring mechanism; the temperature and humidity sensor is used to monitor the internal environment of the drying cylinder; the drying feed pipe is located at the feed end of the drying cylinder (208); the first electric valve is located on the drying cylinder feed pipe; the spiral stirring mechanism is located inside the drying cylinder; the drying cylinder support supports the drying cylinder; the number of first weighing sensors is the same as the number of drying cylinder supports, and they are respectively located below the corresponding drying cylinder supports; the hot air inlet pipe and the clean air inlet pipe are connected to the drying cylinder and are used to provide hot air and clean gas to the drying cylinder respectively; the drying cylinder bottom cover is located at the discharge end of the drying cylinder; the drying discharge valve assembly drives and connects to the drying cylinder bottom cover and is used to control its opening and closing; The coarse screening module includes: a coarse screening feed pipe, a coarse screening cover, a coarse screening screen, a first vibration motor, a second vibration motor, a coarse screening vibration motor bracket, a coarse screening bracket, coarse screening damping springs, a coarse screening waste discharge pipe, a coarse screening discharge pipe, a coarse screening waste discharge extension pipe, and a second electric valve; wherein: the coarse screening feed pipe is fixedly connected to the coarse screening cover and leads to the screening chamber of the coarse screening module; the coarse screening screen is disposed in the screening chamber of the coarse screening module; the first and second vibration motors are fixed on the coarse screening vibration motor bracket and drive the coarse screening screen; the coarse screening bracket is used to support the main structure of the coarse screening module; the number of coarse screening damping springs is the same as the number of coarse screening brackets, and they are respectively disposed below the corresponding coarse screening brackets; the coarse screening waste discharge extension pipe is connected to the coarse screening waste discharge pipe through a third flexible connecting component; the second electric valve is disposed on the coarse screening waste discharge extension pipe; The grinding module includes: a second motor, a grinding cylinder cover, a grinding mechanism, a grinding feed pipe, a grinding cylinder, a grinding cylinder support, a second weighing sensor, a grinding cylinder lower cover, and a grinding discharge valve assembly; wherein: the second motor is fixed on the grinding cylinder cover and drives the grinding transmission shaft connected to the grinding mechanism; the grinding hammer is disposed inside the grinding cylinder and includes a grinding transmission shaft and a grinding hammer body fixed on the grinding transmission shaft; the grinding feed pipe is disposed at the feed end of the grinding cylinder; the grinding cylinder support supports the grinding cylinder; the number of second weighing sensors is the same as the number of grinding cylinder supports, and they are respectively disposed below the corresponding grinding cylinder supports; the grinding cylinder lower cover is disposed at the discharge end of the drying cylinder; the grinding discharge valve assembly is driven and connected to the grinding cylinder lower cover and is used to control its opening and closing; The fine screening module includes: a fine screening feed pipe, a fine screening top cover, a fine screening screen, a third vibration motor, a third vibration motor bracket, a fourth vibration motor, a fourth vibration motor bracket, a fine screening discharge pipe, a fine screening damping spring, a fine screening discharge extension pipe, a third electric valve, a fine screening waste discharge pipe, a fine screening waste discharge extension pipe, and a fourth electric valve; wherein: the fine screening feed pipe is fixedly connected to the fine screening top cover; the fine screening screen is disposed in the screening chamber of the fine screening module; the third and fourth vibration motors are respectively fixed on the third and fourth vibration motor brackets and drive the fine screening screen; the fine screening damping spring is fixed below the main structure of the fine screening module; the fine screening discharge extension pipe is connected to the fine screening discharge pipe through a fifth flexible connection component; the fine screening waste discharge extension pipe is connected to the fine screening waste discharge pipe through a sixth flexible connection component; the third electric valve is disposed on the fine screening discharge extension pipe; and the fourth electric valve is disposed on the fine screening waste discharge extension pipe. The weighing module includes a soil sample storage bottle, a weighing tray, an upper support for a weighing sensor, a third weighing sensor, and a lower support for a weighing sensor. The weighing tray is fixed above the upper support for a weighing sensor and is used to support the soil sample storage bottle. The third weighing sensor is fixed between the upper support for a weighing sensor and the lower support for a weighing sensor. The cleaning and dust collection module includes a dust collection drawer, a first opening, a second opening, a filter screen, and a cleaning exhaust duct. The first dust collection interface is located on the dust collection drawer and is sealed to the coarse screen waste discharge extension duct. The second dust collection interface is located on the dust collection drawer and is sealed to the fine screen waste discharge extension duct. The filter screen is located at the vent on the side wall of the dust collection drawer. One end of the cleaning exhaust duct is connected to the filter screen and fixed to the outer side wall of the dust collection drawer, while the other end leads to the outside of the system.

[0007] Furthermore, the drying discharge valve assembly includes a servo motor, a servo disc, a flange shaft, a servo motor coupling, a lower cover drive shaft, a servo motor support plate, a bearing housing, a bearing housing bracket, and a drying discharge pipe; the servo motor is fixed on the servo motor support plate, on which the servo disc is mounted, for driving the lower cover drive shaft; the flange shaft is connected to the servo disc and the servo motor coupling at both ends respectively; the lower cover drive shaft is connected to the servo motor coupling and the bearing housing at both ends respectively, for fixing and driving the lower cover of the drying cylinder; the bearing housing is fixed on the bearing housing bracket for supporting the lower cover drive shaft; the drying discharge valve assembly is the same as the grinding discharge valve assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the hot air inlet duct and the clean air inlet duct are respectively connected to their respective fan inlet ducts via flexible joints; there is no direct force transmission between the drying cylinder inlet duct and the system shell, thereby avoiding interference with the measurement accuracy of the first weighing sensor.

[0009] Furthermore, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth flexible connection components each include: a flexible hose corresponding to the number of the flexible connection component (for example, the first flexible connection component includes a first flexible hose), and two clamps connected to both ends of the flexible hose (for example, a first upper clamp and a first lower clamp). The two ends of the flexible hose are respectively connected to the corresponding pipes through the corresponding clamps. After connection, the flexible hose is in a stress-free state, effectively isolating the vibration and stress transmission of each module and eliminating the interference of vibration on the weighing sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, the spiral stirring mechanism is connected to the first motor via a first motor coupling, and includes: a first spiral belt, a second spiral belt, a spiral drive shaft, and support rods; the outer diameter of the first spiral belt is constant, the outer diameter of the second spiral belt gradually decreases downwards, and the first spiral belt and the second spiral belt are fixedly connected to the spiral drive shaft by multiple spaced support rods.

[0011] Furthermore, the excitation force direction axes of the first and second vibration motors are the same, and the excitation force directions they generate are opposite; the excitation force direction axes of the third and fourth vibration motors are opposite, and the excitation force directions they generate are also opposite.

[0012] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism is connected to the second motor via a second motor coupling, and includes: a grinding drive shaft and a grinding hammer; the grinding hammer is sleeved on the grinding drive shaft, with a hexagonal prism in the middle and hexagonal frustums at the top and bottom ends.

[0013] Furthermore, the aperture of the coarse sieve is larger than that of the fine sieve; the aperture of the filter screen is smaller than the diameter of the soil sample particles.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive actuators in the system (including the first motor, the second motor, the first to fourth vibration motors, the servo motor, and the first to fourth electric valves) are all electrically connected to the microcontroller and controlled by the microcontroller; the sensing components in the system (including the temperature and humidity sensor, the first weighing sensor, the second weighing sensor, and the third weighing sensor) are all electrically connected to the microcontroller and are used to provide detection signals to the microcontroller.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention integrates the functions of drying, coarse sieving, grinding, fine sieving, weighing, and cleaning / dust collection required for soil sample preparation into a single automated system. Freshly collected soil samples first enter the drying module where they are agitated by a spiral belt and dried with hot air. Then, they enter the coarse sieving module to remove large soil particles and impurities. Next, they enter the grinding module where they are impacted and sheared by grinding hammers. After that, they enter the fine sieving module where they are finely sieved to obtain soil samples of the target particle size. Then, the weighing module measures and bottles the samples. Finally, the cleaning / dust collection module collects and processes the screening waste and dust, realizing automated, continuous, and closed-loop preparation from fresh soil samples to soil samples of a quantitative target particle size.

[0016] In addition, this invention uses a single-chip microcomputer that integrates acquisition and control as hardware support to automatically control the entire process of the soil sample preparation system. While reducing cost input, it also reduces manual intervention and sample transfer steps, greatly saving manpower and time, and effectively improving the efficiency of soil sample preparation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the drying module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention; Figure 3 is an exploded structural diagram of the drying module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil drying cylinder discharge valve assembly in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coarse screening module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention from one perspective. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coarse screening module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention from another perspective. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the grinding module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention; Figure 8 is an exploded structural diagram of the grinding module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fine sieve module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention from one perspective. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fine sieve module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention from another perspective. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the weighing module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning and dust collection module in the automatic soil sample preparation system of the present invention; In the above figures: 1. System casing; 101. Touch screen; 102. Push-pull handle; 103. Exhaust fan; 104. Casters; 2. Drying module; 201. First motor; 202. Drying cylinder cover; 203. Temperature and humidity sensor; 204. First motor coupling; 205. Drying feed pipe; 206. First electric valve; 207. Spiral stirring mechanism; 2071. First spiral belt; 2072. Spiral drive shaft; 2073. Support rod; 2074. Second spiral belt; 208. Drying cylinder; 209. Drying cylinder support; 210. First weighing sensor; 211. Cleaning air inlet pipe; 12. Hot air inlet duct; 213. Drying cylinder lower cover; 214. Drying discharge valve assembly; 2141. Steering motor; 2142. Steering disc; 2143. Flange shaft; 2144. Steering motor coupling; 2145. Lower cover drive shaft; 2146. Steering motor support plate; 2147. Bearing housing; 2148. Bearing housing bracket; 2149. Drying discharge duct; 215. First flexible connection assembly; 2151. First upper clamp; 2152. First hose; 2153. First lower clamp; 3. Coarse Screen Module; 301. Coarse Screen Feed Pipe; 302. Coarse Screen Top Cover; 303. Coarse Screen Mesh; 304. First Vibrating Motor; 305. Second Vibrating Motor; 306. Coarse Screen Vibrating Motor Support; 307. Coarse Screen Support; 308. Coarse Screen Shock Absorbing Spring; 309. Coarse Screen Waste Discharge Pipe; 310. Coarse Screen Discharge Pipe; 311. Second Flexible Connection Assembly; 3111. Second Upper Clamp; 3112. Second Flexible Hoose; 3113. Second Lower Clamp; 312. Third Flexible Connection Assembly; 3121. Third Upper Clamp; 3122. Third Flexible Hoose; 3123. Third Lower Clamp; 313. Coarse Screen Waste Discharge Extension Pipe; 314. Second Electric Valve; 4. Grinding module; 401. Second motor; 402. Grinding cylinder upper cover; 403. Second motor coupling; 404. Grinding mechanism; 4041. Grinding drive shaft; 4042. Grinding hammer; 405. Grinding feed pipe; 406. Grinding cylinder; 407. Grinding cylinder support; 408. Second weighing sensor; 409. Grinding cylinder lower cover; 410. Grinding discharge valve assembly; 411. Fourth flexible connection assembly; 4111. Fourth upper clamp; 4112. Fourth hose; 4113. Fourth lower clamp; 5. Fine screening module; 501. Fine screening feed pipe; 502. Fine screening top cover; 503. Fine screening screen mesh; 504. Third vibration motor; 505. Third vibration motor bracket; 506. Fourth vibration motor; 507. Fourth vibration motor bracket; 508. Fine screening discharge pipe; 509. Fine screening shock absorption spring; 510. Fifth flexible connection assembly; 5101. Fifth upper clamp; 5102. Fifth hose; 5103. Fifth lower clamp; 511. Fine screening discharge extension pipe; 512. Third electric valve; 513. Fine screening waste discharge pipe; 514. Sixth flexible connection assembly; 5141. Sixth upper clamp; 5142. Sixth hose; 5143. Sixth lower clamp; 515. Fine screening waste discharge extension pipe; 516. Fourth electric valve; 6. Weighing module; 601. Soil sample storage bottle; 602. Weighing tray; 603. Upper bracket of weighing sensor; 604. Third weighing sensor; 605. Lower bracket of weighing sensor; 7. Cleaning dust collection module; 701. Dust collection drawer; 702. First dust collection interface; 703. Second dust collection interface; 704. Filter screen; 705. Cleaning exhaust duct. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms “upper,” “side,” “front end,” “rear end,” etc., used herein indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the purpose of illustrative purposes and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0020] An automated soil sample preparation system includes a drying module (2), a coarse sieve module (3), a grinding module (4), and a fine sieve module (5) connected in sequence, as well as a weighing module (6) and a cleaning and dust collection module (7); wherein: the drying discharge pipe 2149 of the drying module 2 is connected to the coarse sieve feed pipe 301 of the coarse sieve module 3 via a first flexible connection component 215; the coarse sieve discharge pipe 310 of the coarse sieve module 3 is connected to the grinding feed pipe 405 of the grinding module 4 via a second flexible connection component 311; the grinding discharge valve assembly 410 of the grinding module 4 is connected to the fine sieve feed pipe 501 of the fine sieve module 5 via a fourth flexible connection component 411; the weighing module 6 is located below the fine sieve discharge extension pipe of the fine sieve module 5 and is used to receive and weigh the soil sample after fine sieving; the cleaning and dust collection module 7 is connected to the coarse sieve waste discharge extension pipe 313 of the coarse sieve module 3 and the fine sieve waste discharge extension pipe 515 of the fine sieve module 5 respectively and is used to collect screening waste and dust; The drying module 2 includes: a first motor 201, a drying cylinder upper cover 202, a temperature and humidity sensor 203, a drying cylinder feed pipe 205, a first electric valve 206, a spiral stirring mechanism 207, a drying cylinder 208, a drying cylinder support 209, a first weighing sensor 210, a clean air inlet pipe 211, a hot air inlet pipe 212, a drying cylinder lower cover 213, and a drying discharge valve assembly 214; Wherein: the first motor 201 is fixed on the upper cover 202 of the drying cylinder and drives the spiral stirring mechanism 207; the temperature and humidity sensor 203 is set to monitor the internal environment of the drying cylinder 208; the drying feed pipe 205 is set at the feed end of the drying cylinder 208; the first electric valve 206 is set on the feed pipe 205 of the drying cylinder; the spiral stirring mechanism 207 is set inside the drying cylinder 208; the drying cylinder support 209 supports the drying cylinder 208; the number of the first weighing sensors 210 is the same as the number of drying cylinder supports 209, and they are respectively set below the corresponding drying cylinder supports 209; the hot air inlet pipe 212 and the clean air inlet pipe 211 are connected to the drying cylinder 208 and are used to provide hot air and clean gas to the drying cylinder 208 respectively; the lower cover 213 of the drying cylinder is set at the discharge end of the drying cylinder 208; the drying discharge valve assembly (214) is driven and connected to the lower cover 213 of the drying cylinder and is used to control its opening and closing. The coarse screening module 3 includes: a coarse screening feed pipe 301, a coarse screening cover 302, a coarse screening screen 303, a first vibration motor 304, a second vibration motor 305, a coarse screening vibration motor bracket 306, a coarse screening bracket 307, a coarse screening damping spring 308, a coarse screening waste discharge pipe 309, a coarse screening discharge pipe 310, a coarse screening waste discharge extension pipe 313, and a second electric valve 314; wherein: the coarse screening feed pipe 301 is fixedly connected to the coarse screening cover 302 and leads to the screening chamber of the coarse screening module 3; the coarse screening screen 303 is disposed in the screening chamber of the coarse screening module 3; The first vibration motor 304 and the second vibration motor 305 are fixed on the coarse screen vibration motor bracket 306 and drive the coarse screen mesh 303; the coarse screen bracket 307 is used to support the main structure of the coarse screen module 3; the number of coarse screen damping springs 308 is the same as the number of coarse screen brackets 307, and they are respectively set below the corresponding coarse screen brackets 307; the coarse screen waste discharge extension pipe 313 is connected to the coarse screen waste discharge pipe 309 through the third flexible connection component 312; the second electric valve 314 is provided on the coarse screen waste discharge extension pipe 313; The grinding module 4 includes: a second motor 401, a grinding cylinder upper cover 402, a grinding mechanism 404, a grinding feed pipe 405, a grinding cylinder 406, a grinding cylinder support 407, a second weighing sensor 408, a grinding cylinder lower cover 409, and a grinding discharge valve assembly 410; wherein: the second motor 401 is fixed on the grinding cylinder upper cover 402 and drives the grinding transmission shaft 4041 connected to the grinding mechanism 404; the grinding hammer 404 is disposed inside the grinding cylinder 406 and includes the grinding transmission shaft 4041 and a support fixed to the grinding mechanism 404. The grinding hammer 4042 is mounted on the grinding drive shaft 4041; the grinding feed pipe 405 is located at the feed end of the grinding cylinder 406; the grinding cylinder support 407 supports the grinding cylinder 406; the number of second weighing sensors 408 is the same as the number of grinding cylinder supports 406, and they are respectively located below the corresponding grinding cylinder supports 406; the lower cover 409 of the grinding cylinder is located at the discharge end of the drying cylinder 208; the grinding discharge valve assembly 410 is driven and connected to the lower cover 409 of the grinding cylinder to control its opening and closing; The fine screening module 5 includes: a fine screening feed pipe 501, a fine screening top cover 502, a fine screening screen 503, a third vibration motor 504, a third vibration motor bracket 505, a fourth vibration motor 506, a fourth vibration motor bracket 507, a fine screening discharge pipe 508, a fine screening damping spring 509, a fine screening discharge extension pipe 511, a third electric valve 512, a fine screening waste discharge pipe 513, a fine screening waste discharge extension pipe 515, and a fourth electric valve 516; wherein: the fine screening feed pipe 501 is fixedly connected to the fine screening top cover 502; the fine screening screen 503 is disposed in the screening chamber of the fine screening module 5; the third vibration motor 504 and... The fourth vibration motor 506 is fixed on the third vibration motor bracket 505 and the fourth vibration motor bracket 507 respectively, and drives the fine screen 503; the fine screen damping spring 509 is fixed below the main structure of the fine screen module 5; the fine screen discharge extension pipe 511 is connected to the fine screen discharge pipe 508 through the fifth flexible connection component 510; the fine screen waste discharge extension pipe 515 is connected to the fine screen waste discharge pipe 513 through the sixth flexible connection component 514; the third electric valve 512 is provided on the fine screen discharge extension pipe 511; the fourth electric valve 516 is provided on the fine screen waste discharge extension pipe 515; The weighing module 6 includes a soil sample storage bottle 601, a weighing tray 602, an upper support for a weighing sensor 603, a third weighing sensor 604, and a lower support for a weighing sensor 605. The weighing tray 602 is fixed above the upper support for a weighing sensor 603 and is used to support the soil sample storage bottle 601. The third weighing sensor 604 is fixed between the upper support for a weighing sensor 603 and the lower support for a weighing sensor 605. The cleaning and dust collection module 7 includes a dust collection drawer 701, a first opening 702, a second opening 703, a filter screen 704, and a cleaning exhaust duct 705. The first dust collection interface 702 is disposed on the dust collection drawer 701 and is sealed to the coarse screen waste discharge extension duct 313. The second dust collection interface 703 is disposed on the dust collection drawer 701 and is sealed to the fine screen waste discharge extension duct 515. The filter screen 704 is disposed at the side wall ventilation opening of the dust collection drawer 701. One end of the cleaning exhaust duct 705 is connected to the filter screen 704 and fixed to the outer side wall of the dust collection drawer 701, and the other end leads to the outside of the system.

[0021] Furthermore, the drying discharge valve assembly includes a servo motor 2141, a servo disc 2142, a flange shaft 2143, a servo motor coupling 2144, a lower cover drive shaft 2145, a servo motor support plate 2146, a bearing seat 2147, a bearing seat bracket 2148, and a drying discharge pipe 2149. The servo motor 2141 is fixed on the servo motor support plate 2146, on which the servo disc 2142 is mounted, for driving the lower cover drive shaft 2145. The flange shaft 2143 is connected at both ends to the servo disc 2142 and the servo motor coupling 2144, respectively. The lower cover drive shaft 2145 is connected at both ends to the servo motor coupling 2144 and the bearing seat 2147, respectively, for fixing and driving the lower cover 213 of the drying cylinder. The bearing seat 2147 is fixed on the bearing seat bracket 2148 for supporting the lower cover drive shaft 2145. The drying discharge valve assembly 214 is the same as the grinding discharge valve assembly 410.

[0022] Furthermore, the hot air inlet duct 212 and the clean air inlet duct 211 are respectively connected to their respective fan inlet ducts via flexible joints; there is no direct force transmission between the drying cylinder soil inlet duct 205 and the system outer shell 1, thereby avoiding interference with the measurement accuracy of the first weighing sensor 210.

[0023] Furthermore, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth flexible connection components each include: a flexible hose corresponding to the number of the flexible connection component (for example, the first flexible connection component includes a first flexible hose), and two clamps connected to both ends of the flexible hose (for example, a first upper clamp and a first lower clamp). The two ends of the flexible hose are respectively connected to the corresponding pipes through the corresponding clamps. After connection, the flexible hose is in a stress-free state, effectively isolating the vibration and stress transmission of each module and eliminating the interference of vibration on the weighing sensor.

[0024] Furthermore, the spiral stirring mechanism 207 is connected to the first motor 201 via the first motor coupling 204, and includes: a first spiral belt 2071, a second spiral belt 2074, a spiral drive shaft 2072, and support rods 2073; the outer diameter of the first spiral belt 2071 is constant, and the outer diameter of the second spiral belt 2074 gradually decreases downwards; the first spiral belt 2071 and the second spiral belt 2074 are fixedly connected to the spiral drive shaft 2072 by multiple spaced support rods 2073.

[0025] Furthermore, the excitation force direction axes of the first vibration motor 304 and the second vibration motor 305 are the same, and the excitation force directions they generate are opposite; the excitation force direction axes of the third vibration motor 504 and the fourth vibration motor 506 are opposite, and the excitation force directions they generate are also opposite.

[0026] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism 404 is connected to the second motor 401 via the second motor coupling 403, and includes: a grinding drive shaft 4041 and a grinding hammer 4042; the grinding hammer 4042 is sleeved on the grinding drive shaft 4041, with a hexagonal prism in the middle and hexagonal frustums at the top and bottom ends.

[0027] Furthermore, the aperture of the coarse sieve 303 is larger than that of the fine sieve 503; the aperture of the filter screen 704 is smaller than the diameter of the soil sample particles.

[0028] Furthermore, the drive actuators in the system (including the first motor 201, the second motor 401, the first to fourth vibration motors 304, 305, 504, 506, the servo motor 2141, and the first to fourth electric valves 206, 314, 511, 515) are all electrically connected to the microcontroller and controlled by it; the sensing components in the system (including the temperature and humidity sensor 203, the first weighing sensor 210, the second weighing sensor 408, and the third weighing sensor 604) are all electrically connected to the microcontroller and are used to provide detection signals to the microcontroller.

[0029] The system operates as follows: When soil sample preparation begins, the first electric valve 206, the second electric valve 314, the third electric valve 512, and the fourth electric valve 516 are all opened, while the drying discharge valve assembly 214 and the grinding discharge valve assembly 410 are all closed. Fresh soil sample enters the drying cylinder 208, and hot air begins to enter the drying cylinder 208. Simultaneously, the spiral stirring mechanism 207 rotates in the forward direction to ensure uniform soil drying and prevent soil clumping. At this time, the drying feed pipe 205 also serves as a steam discharge pipe. During the drying process, the first weighing sensor 210 records the weight change of the soil sample, and the temperature and humidity sensor 203 records the temperature and humidity in the drying cylinder. The temperature in the drying cylinder 208 must not exceed 40℃ throughout the process to prevent damage to the soil components. When the humidity in the drying cylinder 208 is below 5%, it indicates that the soil drying is complete, the hot air stops entering, the drying discharge valve assembly 214 opens, and the spiral stirring mechanism 207 rotates in the reverse direction to push the dried soil out. Then, it enters the coarse screening module 3, where, under the combined action of the first vibration motor 304 and the second vibration motor 305, large soil particles are separated. Soil and impurities are screened out and discharged into the dust collection drawer 701. The sieved soil sample is discharged from the coarse screen discharge pipe 310. Then it enters the grinding cylinder 406, where the soil sample is ground finely under the impact and shearing action of the grinding mechanism 404. During the grinding process, the second weighing sensor 408 records the weight change of the soil sample. When the grinding time is reached, the grinding discharge valve assembly 410 opens to discharge the ground soil sample. Then it enters the fine screen module 5, where unqualified soil particles are screened out under the combined action of the third vibration motor 504 and the fourth vibration motor 506. Soil samples that meet the target particle size are screened out; then, qualified soil samples are quantitatively bottled and stored by weighing module 6; finally, high-pressure cleaning air is introduced into the cleaning air inlet pipe 211 of drying module 2. When the first electric valve 206, the second electric valve 314, and the third electric valve 512 are closed, the path through which the soil sample is cleaned is cleaned. When the first electric valve 206, the second electric valve 314, and the fourth electric valve 516 are closed, the path through which the coarse sieve discharges waste is cleaned. The residual soil will be blown into the dust collection drawer 701, thus completing the preparation of a soil sample.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated soil sample preparation system, characterized in that, The system includes a drying module (2), a coarse sieve module (3), a grinding module (4), and a fine sieve module (5) connected in sequence, as well as a weighing module (6) and a cleaning and dust collection module (7); wherein: the drying discharge pipe (2149) of the drying module (2) is connected to the coarse sieve feed pipe (301) of the coarse sieve module (3) through a first flexible connection component (215); the coarse sieve discharge pipe (310) of the coarse sieve module (3) is connected to the grinding feed pipe (405) of the grinding module (4) through a second flexible connection component (311); The grinding discharge valve assembly (410) of the grinding module (4) is connected to the fine screen feed pipe (501) of the fine screen module (5) via the fourth flexible connection assembly (411); the weighing module (6) is located below the fine screen discharge extension pipe of the fine screen module (5) and is used to receive and weigh the soil sample after fine screening; the cleaning and dust collection module (7) is connected to the coarse screen waste discharge extension pipe (313) of the coarse screen module (3) and the fine screen waste discharge extension pipe (515) of the fine screen module (5) respectively, and is used to collect screening waste and dust; The drying module (2) includes: a first motor (201), a drying cylinder cover (202), a temperature and humidity sensor (203), a drying cylinder feed pipe (205), a first electric valve (206), a spiral stirring mechanism (207), a drying cylinder (208), a drying cylinder support (209), a first weighing sensor (210), a clean air inlet pipe (211), a hot air inlet pipe (212), a drying cylinder bottom cover (213), and a drying discharge valve assembly (214). Wherein: the first motor (201) is fixed on the upper cover (202) of the drying cylinder and drives the spiral stirring mechanism (207); the temperature and humidity sensor (203) is set to monitor the internal environment of the drying cylinder (208); the drying feed pipe (205) is set at the feed end of the drying cylinder (208); the first electric valve (206) is set on the drying cylinder feed pipe (205); the spiral stirring mechanism (207) is set inside the drying cylinder (208); the drying cylinder support (209) supports the drying cylinder (208). 208); the number of the first weighing sensors (210) is the same as the number of the drying cylinder support (209), and they are respectively set below the corresponding drying cylinder support (209); the hot air inlet pipe (212) and the clean air inlet pipe (211) are connected to the drying cylinder (208) and are used to provide hot air and clean gas to the drying cylinder (208) respectively; the lower cover of the drying cylinder (213) is set at the discharge end of the drying cylinder (208); the drying discharge valve assembly (214) is driven and connected to the lower cover of the drying cylinder (213) and is used to control its opening and closing; The coarse screening module (3) includes: a coarse screening feed pipe (301), a coarse screening cover (302), a coarse screening screen (303), a first vibration motor (304), a second vibration motor (305), a coarse screening vibration motor bracket (306), a coarse screening bracket (307), a coarse screening damping spring (308), a coarse screening waste discharge pipe (309), a coarse screening discharge pipe (310), a coarse screening waste discharge extension pipe (313), and a second electric valve (314); wherein: the coarse screening feed pipe (301) is fixedly connected to the coarse screening cover (302) and leads to the screening chamber of the coarse screening module (3); the coarse screening screen (303) is set in the screening chamber of the coarse screening module (3). Inside the cavity; the first vibration motor (304) and the second vibration motor (305) are fixed on the coarse screen vibration motor bracket (306) and drive the coarse screen mesh (303); the coarse screen bracket (307) is used to support the main structure of the coarse screen module (3); the number of coarse screen shock-absorbing springs (308) is the same as the number of coarse screen brackets (307), and they are respectively set below the corresponding coarse screen brackets (307); the coarse screen waste discharge extension pipe (313) is connected to the coarse screen waste discharge pipe (309) through the third flexible connection component (312); the second electric valve (314) is set on the coarse screen waste discharge extension pipe (313); The grinding module (4) includes: a second motor (401), a grinding cylinder cover (402), a grinding mechanism (404), a grinding feed pipe (405), a grinding cylinder (406), a grinding cylinder support (407), a second weighing sensor (408), a grinding cylinder lower cover (409), and a grinding discharge valve assembly (410); wherein: the second motor (401) is fixed on the grinding cylinder cover (402) and drives the grinding drive shaft (4041) connected to the grinding mechanism (404); the grinding hammer (404) is disposed inside the grinding cylinder (406) and includes the grinding drive shaft (4041). The grinding hammer (4042) is fixed on the grinding drive shaft (4041); the grinding feed pipe (405) is located at the feed end of the grinding cylinder (406); the grinding cylinder support (407) supports the grinding cylinder (406); the number of second weighing sensors (408) is the same as the number of grinding cylinder supports (406), and they are respectively located below the corresponding grinding cylinder supports (406); the grinding cylinder lower cover (409) is located at the discharge end of the drying cylinder (208); the grinding discharge valve assembly (410) is driven and connected to the grinding cylinder lower cover (409) to control its opening and closing; The fine sieve module (5) includes: a fine sieve feed pipe (501), a fine sieve cover (502), a fine sieve screen (503), a third vibration motor (504), a third vibration motor bracket (505), a fourth vibration motor (506), a fourth vibration motor bracket (507), a fine sieve discharge pipe (508), a fine sieve damping spring (509), a fine sieve discharge extension pipe (511), a third electric valve (512), a fine sieve waste discharge pipe (513), a fine sieve waste discharge extension pipe (515), and a fourth electric valve (516); wherein: the fine sieve feed pipe (501) is fixedly connected to the fine sieve cover (502); the fine sieve screen (503) is disposed in the screening chamber of the fine sieve module (5); the third vibration motor (504), the third vibration motor bracket (505), the third vibration motor bracket (506), the fourth vibration motor bracket (507), the fine sieve feed pipe (508), the fine sieve damping spring (509), the fine sieve discharge extension pipe (511), the third electric valve (512), the fine sieve waste discharge pipe (513), the fine sieve waste discharge extension pipe (515), and the fourth electric valve (516); wherein: the fine sieve feed pipe (501) is fixedly connected to the fine sieve cover (502); the fine sieve screen (503) is disposed in the screening chamber of the fine sieve module (5); the third vibration motor (504), the third vibration motor bracket (505), the third vibration motor bracket (506), the third vibration motor bracket (507), the third vibration motor bracket (508), the third vibration motor bracket (509), the fourth vibration motor bracket (5000), the third vibration motor bracket (5000), the third vibration motor bracket (5000), the third vibration motor bracket (5000), the third vibration motor 04) and the fourth vibration motor (506) are respectively fixed on the third vibration motor bracket (505) and the fourth vibration motor bracket (507), and drive the fine screen mesh (503); the fine screen damping spring (509) is fixed below the main structure of the fine screen module (5); the fine screen discharge extension pipe (511) is connected to the fine screen discharge pipe (508) through the fifth flexible connection component (510); the fine screen waste discharge extension pipe (515) is connected to the fine screen waste discharge pipe (513) through the sixth flexible connection component (514); the third electric valve (512) is provided on the fine screen discharge extension pipe (511); the fourth electric valve (516) is provided on the fine screen waste discharge extension pipe (515); The weighing module (6) includes a soil sample storage bottle (601), a weighing tray (602), an upper support for a weighing sensor (603), a third weighing sensor (604), and a lower support for a weighing sensor (605). The weighing tray (602) is fixed above the upper support for a weighing sensor (603) and is used to support the soil sample storage bottle (601). The third weighing sensor (604) is fixed between the upper support for a weighing sensor (603) and the lower support for a weighing sensor (605). The cleaning dust collection module (7) includes a dust collection drawer (701), a first opening (702), a second opening (703), a filter screen (704), and a cleaning exhaust duct (705). The first dust collection interface (702) is located on the dust collection drawer (701) and is sealed to the coarse screen waste discharge extension duct (313). The second dust collection interface (703) is located on the dust collection drawer (701) and is sealed to the fine screen waste discharge extension duct (515). The filter screen (704) is located at the side wall ventilation opening of the dust collection drawer (701). One end of the cleaning exhaust duct (705) is connected to the filter screen (704) and fixed to the outer side wall of the dust collection drawer (701), and the other end leads to the outside of the system.

2. The automatic soil sample preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying discharge valve assembly includes a servo motor (2141), a servo disc (2142), a flange shaft (2143), a servo motor coupling (2144), a lower cover drive shaft (2145), a servo motor support plate (2146), a bearing housing (2147), a bearing housing bracket (2148), and a drying discharge pipe (2149); the servo motor (2141) is fixed on the servo motor support plate (2146), on which the servo disc (2142) is mounted for driving the lower cover drive shaft (2145); the flange shaft (2143) is mounted on the flange shaft (2144), and the lower cover drive shaft (2145) is mounted on the flange shaft (2144). The two ends of the flange shaft (2143) are connected to the rudder disc (2142) and the rudder coupling (2144) respectively; the two ends of the lower cover drive shaft (2145) are connected to the rudder coupling (2144) and the bearing seat (2147) respectively, for fixing and driving the lower cover of the drying cylinder (213); the bearing seat (2147) is fixed on the bearing seat bracket (2148) for supporting the lower cover drive shaft (2145); the drying discharge valve assembly (214) is the same as the grinding discharge valve assembly (410).

3. The automatic soil sample preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot air inlet duct (212) and the clean air inlet duct (211) are respectively connected to their respective fan inlet ducts via flexible joints; there is no direct force transmission between the drying cylinder inlet duct (205) and the system shell (1), thereby avoiding interference with the measurement accuracy of the first weighing sensor (210).

4. The automatic soil sample preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first flexible connection component (215), the second flexible connection component (311), the third flexible connection component (312), the fourth flexible connection component (411), the fifth flexible connection component (509), and the sixth flexible connection component (513) each include: a flexible hose corresponding to the number of the flexible connection component (for example, the first flexible connection component (215) includes a first flexible hose), and two clamps connected to both ends of the flexible hose (for example, the first upper clamp (2151) and the first lower clamp (2153)). The two ends of the flexible hose are respectively connected to the corresponding pipes through the corresponding clamps. After connection, the flexible hose is in a stress-free state, effectively isolating the vibration and stress transmission of each module and eliminating the interference of vibration on the weighing sensor.

5. The automatic soil sample preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral stirring mechanism (207) is connected to the first motor (201) via the first motor coupling (204), and includes: a first spiral belt (2071), a second spiral belt (2074), a spiral drive shaft (2072), and support rods (2073); the outer diameter of the first spiral belt (2071) is constant, and the outer diameter of the second spiral belt (2074) gradually decreases downwards; the first spiral belt (2071) and the second spiral belt (2074) are fixedly connected to the spiral drive shaft (2072) by multiple spaced support rods (2073).

6. The automatic soil sample preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first vibration motor (304) and the second vibration motor (305) have the same excitation force direction axis, and the excitation force generated is in the opposite direction; the third vibration motor (504) and the fourth vibration motor (506) have opposite excitation force direction axes, and the excitation force generated is also in the opposite direction.

7. The automatic soil sample preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding mechanism (404) is connected to the second motor (401) via the second motor coupling (403), and includes: a grinding drive shaft (4041) and a grinding hammer (4042); the grinding hammer (4042) is sleeved on the grinding drive shaft (4041), the middle part is a hexagonal prism, and the upper and lower ends are hexagonal frustums.

8. The automatic soil sample preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the coarse sieve (303) is larger than that of the fine sieve (503); the aperture of the filter screen (704) is smaller than that of the soil sample particles.

9. The automatic soil sample preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive actuators in the system (including the first motor (201), the second motor (401), the first to fourth vibration motors (304, 305, 504, 506), the servo motor (2141), and the first to fourth electric valves (206, 314, 511, 515)) are all electrically connected to the microcontroller and controlled by the microcontroller; the sensing components in the system (including the temperature and humidity sensor (203), the first weighing sensor (210), the second weighing sensor (408), and the third weighing sensor (604)) are all electrically connected to the microcontroller and are used to provide detection signals to the microcontroller.

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