Current proportion standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring and quantum magnetic balance method

Abstract

The invention discloses a current proportion standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring and a quantum magnetic balance method. The current proportion standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring comprises a main iron core, a load coil, an induction coil, a quantum magnetic sensor and a feedback controller, and the induction coil is arranged on the main iron core and used for inducing magnetic flux change of the main iron core to generate induction voltage; the load coil is arranged at the load end of the induction coil and used for generating loop current according to the induction voltage; the quantum magnetic sensor is used for measuring a magnetic field generated by loop current; the feedback controller is used for adjusting the current of the auxiliary iron core with the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal, and quantum magnetic balance adjustment is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of current measurement and calibration technology, and more specifically, to a current proportionality standard device and a quantum magnetic balance method based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of power systems and high-precision industrial measurements, higher demands are being placed on the accuracy and stability of current ratio standards. Traditional magnetic modulation current comparators rely on the nonlinear characteristics of magnetic materials to monitor ampere-turn balance, but their uncertainty level is difficult to further improve due to hysteresis and leakage flux errors. Especially in closed magnetic circuit structures, while introducing quantum magnetic measurement techniques (such as NV color centers or SQUIDs) can improve sensitivity, the problem of magnetic flux leakage introduces additional errors, limiting measurement accuracy.

[0003] Current technology faces two core problems:

[0004] Insufficient magnetic balance monitoring methods: Traditional magnetic modulation technology relies on the properties of magnetic materials and cannot completely eliminate the ampere-turn balance judgment error caused by magnetic hysteresis, thus limiting the uncertainty level of the proportional standard;

[0005] The contradiction between quantum measurement and magnetic circuit structure: High-sensitivity quantum magnetic sensors (such as NV color centers) require contact or near-field measurement, which can easily lead to magnetic flux leakage in closed magnetic circuits, increasing measurement uncertainty.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of current proportional standard device and method that can achieve high-precision magnetic balance monitoring while avoiding magnetic circuit interference introduced by quantum measurement technology, thereby breaking through the accuracy bottleneck of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a current ratio standard device and a quantum magnetic balance method based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, a current proportionality standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring is provided, comprising: a main iron core, a load coil, an induction coil, a quantum magnetic sensor, and a feedback controller, wherein...

[0009] An induction coil is placed on the main iron core to sense changes in the magnetic flux of the main iron core and generate an induced voltage.

[0010] The load coil is located at the load end of the induction coil and is used to generate loop current based on the induced voltage.

[0011] Quantum magnetic sensors are used to measure the magnetic field generated by loop current;

[0012] The feedback controller is used to adjust the current of the secondary iron core by using the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal, thereby achieving quantum magnetic balance adjustment.

[0013] Optionally, the main iron core is also provided with a primary winding coil and a secondary winding coil.

[0014] Optionally, the feedback controller uses the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal to regulate the current of the secondary winding coil.

[0015] Alternatively, the quantum magnetic sensor may be a diamond NV color center or an atomic gas cell.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a quantum magnetic balance method is provided, comprising:

[0017] The change in magnetic flux of the main iron core is induced by the load coil, forming a loop current;

[0018] A quantum magnetic sensor is used to measure the magnetic field generated by the loop current;

[0019] A feedback controller is used to adjust the current in the secondary winding coil according to the amplitude of the magnetic field, thereby achieving quantum magnetic balance in the current proportional standard device.

[0020] Optionally, a loop current is generated by inducing a change in the magnetic flux of the main iron core through a load coil, including:

[0021] An induced voltage is generated by sensing the change in magnetic flux of the main iron core through the induction coil on the main iron core.

[0022] The loop current is generated by the induced voltage produced by the load coil at the load end of the induction coil.

[0023] Optionally, the induced voltage U s The expression is:

[0024] U s (t)=-N s (2πf)Φ0cos(2πft)

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, N s Φ0 is the number of turns of the induction coil of the load coil; Φ0 is the amplitude of the magnetic flux in the main iron core; N1 is the number of turns of the primary winding; R is the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit; I 1,0 f is the amplitude of the primary winding current; f is the AC frequency.

[0027] Optionally, the loop current I l The expression is:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, Z l This is the equivalent impedance of the load coil circuit.

[0030] Optionally, magnetic field B l The expression is:

[0031]

[0032] Optionally, the amplitude B of the magnetic field l,0 The expression is:

[0033]

[0034] Therefore, this invention proposes a current proportional standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring, comprising: a main iron core, a load coil, an induction coil, a quantum magnetic sensor, and a feedback controller. The induction coil is disposed on the main iron core to sense changes in the magnetic flux of the main iron core and generate an induced voltage. The load coil is disposed at the load end of the induction coil and generates a loop current based on the induced voltage. The quantum magnetic sensor measures the magnetic field generated by the loop current. The feedback controller uses the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal to adjust the current in the secondary iron core, thereby achieving quantum magnetic balance adjustment. By optimizing the synergistic design of the magnetic circuit structure and quantum measurement technology, the insufficient accuracy of traditional magnetic balance monitoring and the magnetic flux leakage problem of quantum measurement are solved, achieving higher accuracy current proportional measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be more fully understood by referring to the following figures:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the current proportional standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring provided in the first aspect of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux extraction structure and feedback system provided in the first aspect of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between quantum magnetic measurement signals and magnetic flux in an iron core, provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of the quantum magnetic balance method provided in the first aspect of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish different steps, devices, or modules, and do not represent any specific technical meaning, nor do they indicate a necessary logical order between them.

[0043] It should also be understood that in the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" can refer to two or more, and "at least one" can refer to one, two or more.

[0044] It should also be understood that any component, data or structure mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention can generally be understood as one or more unless explicitly defined or given contrary instructions in the context.

[0045] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this invention is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this invention generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0046] It should also be understood that the description of the various embodiments in this invention emphasizes the differences between the various embodiments, and the similarities or similarities can be referred to each other. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail.

[0047] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0048] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use.

[0049] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0050] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the current proportionality standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring provided in the first aspect of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the current proportional standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring includes: a main iron core, a load coil, an induction coil, a quantum magnetic sensor, and a feedback controller.

[0052] An induction coil is placed on the main iron core to sense changes in the magnetic flux of the main iron core and generate an induced voltage.

[0053] The load coil is located at the load end of the induction coil and is used to generate loop current based on the induced voltage.

[0054] Quantum magnetic sensors are used to measure the magnetic field generated by loop current;

[0055] The feedback controller is used to adjust the current of the secondary iron core by using the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal, thereby achieving quantum magnetic balance adjustment.

[0056] Optionally, the main iron core is also provided with a primary winding coil and a secondary winding coil.

[0057] Optionally, the feedback controller uses the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal to regulate the current of the secondary winding coil.

[0058] Alternatively, the quantum magnetic sensor may be a diamond NV color center or an atomic gas cell.

[0059] Specifically, the present invention aims to provide a current ratio standard device and method based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring. By optimizing the synergistic design of magnetic circuit structure and quantum measurement technology, it solves the problems of insufficient accuracy of traditional magnetic balance monitoring and magnetic flux leakage in quantum measurement, and achieves higher accuracy current ratio measurement.

[0060] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a current proportional standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring. The current proportional standard device is a high-precision current measurement device based on the principle of magnetic potential balance. Its core working principle is to achieve measurement by comparing the magnetic flux generated by the measured current with that of a standard current. The specific workflow is as follows:

[0061] When the measured current I1 flows through the main winding N1 in the primary winding, a positive magnetic flux is generated in the iron core. At the same time, the current I2 in the secondary standard current winding N2 also generates a reverse magnetic flux in the iron core. The unbalanced magnetic flux resulting from the superposition of the positive and reverse magnetic fluxes will generate an induced electromotive force e2 in the induction coil N3, which in turn generates a magnetic field B at the center of the load coil. The quantum magnetic sensor detects the magnitude of B and automatically adjusts the magnitude of I2 through the feedback system until the magnetic field B is 0 (or below the detection limit of the quantum sensor), reaching a balance state. At this time, the magnitude of the standard current I1 reflects the value of the measured current I1.

[0062] In the above-described scheme, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0063] Quantum magnetic sensor: In the present invention, quantum magnetic measurement technologies such as diamond nitrogen vacancy color centers and atomic gas cells can be used, and the sensitivity needs to be at least 10-9T.

[0064] Magnetic flux extraction structure: To further improve anti-interference performance, an induction coil can be added to the high-permeability magnetic yoke (or magnetic shielding cylinder). This coil captures the unbalanced magnetic flux in the iron core in real time through the principle of electromagnetic induction and generates a corresponding induced voltage. Applying this induced voltage to a load coil with the same number of turns drives the load coil to generate a magnetic field that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the magnetic flux in the yoke. Since the load coil is an air-core coil, it avoids magnetic saturation issues, and the magnetic field generated by the load coil can directly characterize the change in magnetic flux in the yoke.

[0065] The current measurement system of the present invention mainly includes the following components:

[0066] Quantum Magnetic Sensors: This invention requires the use of diamond NV centers, atomic gas cells, or other advanced quantum magnetic sensors to achieve magnetic field sensitivity better than 1 nT. The core objective is to perform high-precision measurement of the magnetic field generated by a load coil (especially in non-contact, potentially long-distance, or micro-area applications). Diamond NV centers, with their nanometer-scale spatial resolution and room-temperature operation, are particularly suitable for applications requiring precise localization of minute anomalies within the coil. Atomic gas cells (or optically pumped magnetometers), with their extremely high absolute sensitivity, excel at measuring average fields or weak fields at long distances. The choice of technology depends on the specific application's emphasis on spatial resolution, sensitivity, operating environment (temperature, noise), and size / cost. The key lies in leveraging quantum technology to overcome the sensitivity bottleneck of traditional sensors (such as Hall probes and fluxgate magnetometers), combined with effective noise suppression and engineered design, to achieve high-fidelity, non-invasive sensing of the magnetic field of a load coil in complex industrial or laboratory environments.

[0067] Coil and core structure of the proportional standard device: In order to reduce the interference of external magnetic fields during the measurement process, the magnetic shielding structure of the DC current comparator was designed: 1) The influence of shielding layer thickness, magnetic permeability of shielding material, and air gap on shielding effect was analyzed through simulation. 2) The design of the magnetic shielding structure was completed and its shielding effect was verified.

[0068] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when a current is generated on the primary side, a change in magnetic flux will occur in the iron core. This magnetic flux is directly related to the magnitude of the primary current and can be calculated using the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] Where N1 is the number of turns in the primary winding and R is the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit.

[0071] If the current is sinusoidal alternating current:

[0072] I1(t)=I 1,0 sin(2πft) (2)

[0073] In this context, the subscript "1" indicates the primary winding, the subscript "0" indicates that the quantity is the amplitude, and f is the AC frequency.

[0074]

[0075] Φ0 is the amplitude of the magnetic flux in the main iron core, which is directly related to the amplitude of the primary winding current I. 1,0 The number of turns N1 in the primary winding is related.

[0076] Magnetic flux extraction structure: By adding an induction coil to the main iron core, the change in magnetic flux in the iron core will induce a voltage in the induction coil. The voltage is calculated as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Combining (2) and (4), we can obtain:

[0079] U s (t)=-N s (2πf)Φ0cos(2πft) (5)

[0080] Where, N s The number of turns in the induction coil is used to convert the change in magnetic flux of the main iron core into an induced voltage signal U. s ;

[0081] Meanwhile, since the load terminal of the induction coil is the load coil, a current loop is formed, and the magnitude of the current is:

[0082]

[0083] Z l This is the equivalent impedance of the load coil circuit.

[0084] Combining equations (5) and (6), we get:

[0085]

[0086] Due to the effect of the loop current at the load end, a magnetic field will be generated in the coil. The magnitude of the magnetic field generated in the load coil is related to the magnetic flux of the main iron core and the magnitude of the primary current as follows:

[0087] B l (t)=μN l I l (t) (8)

[0088] Combining equations (7) and (8), we can obtain:

[0089]

[0090] Amplitude is:

[0091]

[0092] In this way, the magnetic flux in the main iron core can be characterized by the magnetic field generated by the load coil.

[0093] Conclusion: Reference Figure 3 As shown, in parameters μ,N l N s Z l When fixed, the magnetic field amplitude B measured by the quantum magnetic sensor l,0 It is linearly proportional to the magnetic flux amplitude Φ0 of the main iron core, and the slope is proportional to the frequency f.

[0094] Magnetic feedback and modulation systems: such as Figure 2 As shown, a quantum magnetic sensor is used to measure the magnetic field in the load coil. The magnetic field signal is used as a modulation input signal to adjust the current in the secondary winding coil N2, thereby reducing the equivalent magnetic flux in the main iron core.

[0095] This research effectively solves the problem of ampere-turn balance monitoring in existing current comparators, lays the foundation for improving the accuracy of current proportional standards, and reserves key technologies for the application of quantum technology in power systems. This invention, by combining quantum magnetic sensors and advanced feedback control technology, achieves the following significant effects:

[0096] 1) High precision and high stability: This method utilizes quantum magnetic sensors such as diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV centers) or atomic vapor cells (e.g., SERF magnetometers) to directly measure the magnetic field generated by the load coil. These sensors, based on quantum effects, possess ultra-high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, excellent linearity, and near-zero hysteresis. By directly and with high fidelity acquiring magnetic field information, this approach significantly improves the absolute accuracy of current measurement (down to sub-ppm levels) and substantially enhances short-term (noise suppression) and long-term (drift suppression) stability, setting a new benchmark for high-precision current measurement and traceability.

[0097] 2) No impact on the original yoke: The ingenious arrangement of the induction coil enables non-contact, lossless coupling of the magnetic flux in the yoke. The coil can accurately sense the alternating magnetic flux inside the yoke without modifying its structure, and transmit this magnetic flux information (in the form of induced voltage) to the outside without loss.

[0098] also, Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a quantum magnetic balance method is provided for a second aspect of the present invention, referring to... Figure 4 As shown, the quantum magnetic balance method 400 includes the following steps:

[0099] Step 401: The change in magnetic flux of the main iron core is induced by the load coil to form a loop current;

[0100] Step 402: Measure the magnetic field generated by the loop current using a quantum magnetic sensor;

[0101] Step 403: Use a feedback controller to adjust the current of the secondary winding coil according to the amplitude of the magnetic field to achieve quantum magnetic balance of the current ratio standard device.

[0102] Optionally, a loop current is generated by inducing a change in the magnetic flux of the main iron core through a load coil, including:

[0103] An induced voltage is generated by sensing the change in magnetic flux of the main iron core through the induction coil on the main iron core.

[0104] The loop current is generated by the induced voltage produced by the load coil at the load end of the induction coil.

[0105] Optionally, the induced voltage U s The expression is:

[0106] U s (t)=-N s (2πf)Φ0cos(2πft)

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, N s Φ0 is the number of turns of the induction coil of the load coil; Φ0 is the amplitude of the magnetic flux in the main iron core; N1 is the number of turns of the primary winding; R is the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit; I 1,0 f is the amplitude of the primary winding current; f is the AC frequency.

[0109] Optionally, the loop current I l The expression is:

[0110]

[0111] In the formula, Z l This is the equivalent impedance of the load coil circuit.

[0112] Optionally, magnetic field B l The expression is:

[0113]

[0114] Optionally, the amplitude B of the magnetic field l,0 The expression is:

[0115]

[0116] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A current ratio standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring, characterized by, The application relates to a quantum magnetic field standard device, comprising a main iron core, a load coil, an induction coil, a quantum magnetic sensor and a feedback controller, wherein the induction coil is arranged on the main iron core and is used for inducting the change of the magnetic flux of the main iron core to generate an induction voltage; the load coil is arranged at the load end of the induction coil and is used for generating a loop current according to the induction voltage; the quantum magnetic sensor is used for measuring the magnetic field generated by the loop current; the feedback controller is used for adjusting the current of the auxiliary iron core by taking the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal, so that quantum magnetic balance adjustment is realized.

2. The current ratio standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, A primary winding coil and a secondary winding coil are further arranged on the main iron core.

3. The current ratio standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feedback controller adjusts the current of the secondary winding coil by taking the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal.

4. The current ratio standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantum magnetic sensor is a diamond NV color center or an atomic gas chamber.

5. The quantum-magnetic-balance method for current-ratio standard device implemented by the current-ratio standard device based on quantum magnetic balance monitoring according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The application further relates to a quantum magnetic field standard device, comprising a main iron core, a load coil, an induction coil, a quantum magnetic sensor and a feedback controller, wherein the induction coil is arranged on the main iron core and is used for inducting the change of the magnetic flux of the main iron core to generate an induction voltage; the load coil is arranged at the load end of the induction coil and is used for generating a loop current according to the induction voltage; 6. The method of claim 5, wherein, the quantum magnetic sensor is used for measuring the magnetic field generated by the loop current; the feedback controller is used for adjusting the current of the auxiliary iron core by taking the amplitude of the magnetic field as a modulation input signal, so that quantum magnetic balance adjustment is realized. The application further relates to a quantum magnetic field standard device, comprising a main iron core, a load coil, an induction coil, a quantum magnetic sensor and a feedback controller, wherein the induction coil is arranged on the main iron core and is used for inducting the change of the magnetic flux of the main iron core to generate an induction voltage; the load coil is arranged at the load end of the induction coil and is used for generating a loop current according to the induction voltage.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The induced voltage U s The expression for U is U s (t) = -N s (2πf)Φ0cos(2πft) In the formula, N s is the number of turns of the induction coil of the load coil; Φ0 is the amplitude of the magnetic flux in the main core; N1 is the number of turns of the primary winding; R is the reluctance of the magnetic circuit; I 1,0 is the amplitude of the primary winding current; and f is the AC frequency.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The circuit current I l The expression for: where Z is the equivalent impedance of the load coil circuit. l is the equivalent impedance of the load coil circuit.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The magnetic field B l The expression for B is:

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The magnitude B of the magnetic field l,0 The expression is:

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