Data center equipment type selection method based on electrical and heating ventilation load linkage

Abstract

The invention relates to a data center equipment type selection method based on electrical and heating ventilation load linkage, and belongs to the technical field of data center infrastructure design. The model selection method comprises the steps of setting basic data, obtaining the number of machine rooms and the number of IT devices in a single machine room, obtaining the total power of the IT devices, setting an energy efficiency index set value, obtaining the project power consumption scale, obtaining the total cooling load, selecting models of air conditioners at the tail ends of the machine rooms and substations, selecting models of water chilling units, selecting models of heat exchangers, selecting models of cooling water pumps and chilled water pumps and selecting models of cooling towers. And obtaining the total power of the air conditioner, obtaining an energy efficiency index accounting value, and carrying out PUE verification. According to the method, through closed-loop iteration of electrical load-heating and ventilation load-PUE, model selection and quantity selection of all key equipment are completed at a time; professional splitting, repeated adjustment and modification and capacity redundancy caused by traditional serial design are avoided, the design period is remarkably shortened, and initial investment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of data center infrastructure design technology, and in particular relates to a data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads. Background Technology

[0002] Data centers are critical infrastructure housing servers, storage, and network equipment. With the explosive growth of cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, their construction scale and power density are constantly increasing, placing higher demands on highly reliable and energy-efficient designs. Accurately matching power supply and distribution with HVAC equipment during the design phase has become a core factor affecting data center investment and operating costs.

[0003] Currently, data center design generally adopts a "serial" process: the building structure professionals first divide the room layout, and then the air conditioning and electrical professionals independently perform load calculations and equipment selection; the electrical professionals can only obtain the power requirements of the air conditioning equipment and adjust the capacity again after the air conditioning professionals have completed their plans. This process relies on experience-based estimations and multiple manual trips, lacking cross-system linkage calculation methods.

[0004] The above approach leads to the following drawbacks: First, HVAC and electrical loads are separated, and equipment capacity is often simply added together based on peak values, resulting in excessive redundancy; second, once the upstream professional is adjusted, the downstream needs to be repeatedly modified, resulting in a long design cycle and a high risk of errors; third, during the operation phase, it is easy to encounter situations where the equipment is over-powered or local hotspots occur, leading to persistently high PUE and a double waste of investment and operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, one aspect of this application proposes a data center equipment selection method based on the linkage between electrical and HVAC loads, comprising the following steps: S10: Set basic data, including the rack power of a single IT device. Rack dimensions for a single IT device Total number of IT devices Room area of ​​a single computer room Simultaneous usage coefficient of IT equipment chilled water supply temperature Chilled water return temperature Cooling water supply temperature and cooling water return temperature ; S20: Obtain the number of data centers And the number of IT devices in a single data center ;in, , ; Set to greater than The maximum value of the integers, and the positive integers adjacent to it. ≤200; ; S30: Obtain the total power of IT equipment , ; S40: Manually setting energy efficiency index settings Obtain the scale of power consumption for the project ; Where 1 < ≤1.6, It ranges from 0.7 to 1; S50: Obtain total cooling load , ;in, For the cooling load of a single computer room, All are cold loads from a single substation; the number of substations... It is 2; S60: Based on the cooling load of a single computer room The model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the computer room can be obtained from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single computer room Based on the cooling load of a single substation The model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the substation can be obtained from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single substation ; S70: Based on total cooling load The model and power of the chiller unit can be obtained from the database of available equipment. Number of chiller units Condensation heat of chiller units ; S80: Based on total cooling load chilled water supply temperature and chilled water return temperature The heat exchange temperature, cold side supply water temperature, cold side return water temperature, hot side supply water temperature, and hot side return water temperature are obtained. Based on the heat exchange capacity, cold side supply water temperature, cold side return water temperature, hot side supply water temperature, and hot side return water temperature, the heat exchanger model and heat exchanger water resistance are obtained from the database of available equipment. S90: Based on total cooling load chiller unit power chilled water supply temperature Chilled water return temperature Cooling water supply temperature and cooling water return temperature Obtain chilled water flow rate and cooling water flow rate According to the chilled water flow rate Get chilled water pump flow rate According to the cooling water flow rate Obtain the flow rate of the cooling water pump ; The chilled water pump head is obtained based on the evaporator water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioning units, the water resistance of the return water filter, the water resistance of the heat exchanger, the water resistance of the cold storage tank, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas. ; The cooling water pump head is obtained based on the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the cooling tower nozzle pressure, the height difference between the cooling tower water receiving pan and the nozzle, the heat exchanger water resistance, and the pipe friction and local water resistance. ; Based on chilled water pump flow rate and chilled water pump head The model and power of the chilled water pump can be obtained from the database of available equipment. According to the cooling water pump flow rate and cooling water pump head The model and power of the cooling water pump can be obtained from the database of available equipment. ; S100: Based on chilled water supply temperature Obtain the cooling tower outlet water temperature, based on the chilled water return temperature. Obtain the cooling tower inlet water temperature; based on the cooling tower outlet water temperature, cooling tower inlet water temperature, and chilled water flow rate... Based on the proximity to the cooling tower, the model and power of the cooling tower are obtained from the database of available equipment. and number of cooling towers ; S110: Obtain the total power of the air conditioner ; = + × + × + × + × ; Among them, the number of chilled water pumps = Number of cooling water pumps = ; S120: Obtaining energy efficiency index calculation values , ; Among them, the total auxiliary power = × × Auxiliary equipment unit power 15-55 ; S130: Judgment Is it less than If the judgment result is yes, output the selection result; if the judgment result is no, reduce the value. Then return to step S40.

[0007] In the technical solution, this method is designed to complete the selection of the model and quantity of all key equipment such as UPS, transformer, terminal air conditioner, chiller, cooling tower, water pump, plate heat exchanger, sand filter and chemical dosing device in one go through the closed-loop iteration of "electrical load - HVAC load - PUE". It avoids the professional fragmentation, repeated adjustments and capacity redundancy caused by traditional serial design, significantly shortens the design cycle and reduces the initial investment.

[0008] In some embodiments, in step S10, the basic data further includes the UPS load rate. and transformer load rate ; In step S50: ; ; in, ; Set to greater than or equal to ÷ The quotient, and the even number adjacent to it; ; Set to greater than or equal to ÷ The quotient, and the even number adjacent to it; ÷ The quotient is an integer; ; ; ; ; ; ; Among them, the cold index of the building envelope 50-80 UPS capacity and transformer capacity All data was obtained from a database of available devices; transformer length Transformer width Length of distribution cabinet and UPS length All data is obtained from the database of available devices; maintain channel width. The minimum clearance between the transformer's outer profile and the wall is 1m. The width of the passageway in front of the screen is 1m. It is 1.8m.

[0009] In the technical solution, this method quantifies the actual engineering boundary conditions such as UPS load rate, transformer load rate, room area, and maintenance passage width into algorithm inputs, so that the equipment layout dimensions and electrical capacity are checked simultaneously, and design rework is avoided when "the equipment can be placed but the capacity is insufficient" or "the capacity is sufficient but the space occupied exceeds the limit".

[0010] In some of these embodiments, according to Obtain from the database of available devices When choosing a UPS, select the product of the UPS capacity and the number of UPS units that is closest to the given value. Furthermore, the number of UPS units must be an even number; therefore, the capacity value of the UPS units within that combination is used as... UPS quantity as ; according to Obtain from the database of available devices When choosing a transformer, select the product of the transformer capacity and the number of transformers that is closest. Furthermore, for combinations where the number of transformers is an even number, the transformer capacity value is taken as... The number of transformers as .

[0011] In the technical solution, the method is designed to force the product of the capacity and quantity of the UPS and transformer to be as close as possible to the required value. This not only meets the 2N redundancy specification of Class A data centers, but also avoids excessive power consumption of equipment that leads to PUE exceeding the standard, thus ensuring the green and energy-saving requirements of the data center.

[0012] In some embodiments, in step S60, the model and power of the terminal air conditioner in the computer room are obtained from the database of available devices. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single computer room When choosing an air conditioner, select the product of its power and number of units that is closest to the given value. A group as and ; Obtain the model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the substation from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single substation When choosing an air conditioner, select the product of its power and number of units that is closest to the given value. A group as and .

[0013] In the technical solution, the method is designed to perform optimal approximation of "cooling load - air conditioning capacity - number of units" for both the computer room and the substation, ensuring that each air conditioner operates in the high-efficiency zone, reducing over-configuration or cooling gaps caused by the dispersion of cooling capacity, reducing operating energy consumption and extending equipment life.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S70, the model and power of the chiller unit are obtained from a database of available devices. and the number of chiller units When choosing a chiller, select the product of the chiller unit power and the number of chiller units that is closest to the given value. A group as and .

[0015] In the technical solution, the method is designed based on the total cooling load, and selects the combination of chiller unit power × quantity that is closest to the demand value, so as to avoid the polarized configuration of "single unit too large and low load inefficiency" or "multiple units too small and complex management", and improve the annual energy efficiency of the refrigeration system.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S80, the heat exchange is × , =1.05~1.1; cold side water supply temperature is -1.5, cold side return water temperature is -1.5, the hot water supply temperature is Hot side return water temperature .

[0017] In the technical solution, the method is designed with a heat transfer coefficient of 1.05 to 1.1 and a temperature correction of -1.5℃ to ensure stable heat exchange under natural cooling conditions in winter, and to prevent the chiller unit from being forced to start due to insufficient approximation, thereby further reducing the annual PUE.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step S90, = ; ; = × ; = × ; The value is between 1.05 and 1.1. It ranges from 1.05 to 1.1; Based on the data from the chiller unit models selected in step S70, obtain the evaporator water pressure drop and the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller units; based on the data from the terminal air conditioning models selected in step S60, take the terminal air conditioning unit with the largest water pressure drop between the computer room terminal air conditioning unit and the substation terminal air conditioning unit as the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioning unit; the return water filter water resistance is 3-5. Based on the data from the heat exchanger model selected in step S80, obtain the heat exchanger water resistance; the water resistance of the cold storage tank is 3. The water resistance along the pipeline and in certain areas is 7-10. Cooling tower nozzle pressure value 2-3 The height difference between the cooling tower water receiving tray and the nozzle is 2-3 mm. ; chilled water pump head It is the sum of the evaporator water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioner, the water resistance of the return water filter, the water resistance of the heat exchanger, the water resistance of the cold storage tank, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas; Cooling water pump head This is the sum of the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the cooling tower nozzle pressure, the height difference between the cooling tower water receiving pan and the nozzle, the heat exchanger water resistance, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas.

[0019] In the technical solution, the method is designed to numerically superimpose all resistance components such as evaporator, condenser, terminal air conditioner, filter, plate heat exchanger, cold storage tank, and pipeline, so as to avoid the excessively high head (high energy consumption) or the excessively low head (insufficient flow) caused by empirical estimation, and to achieve the water pump selection in one go.

[0020] In some embodiments, in step S100, the cooling tower outlet water temperature is -1.5, cooling tower inlet water temperature is -1.5, cooling tower proximity is 3-5℃; number of cooling towers =Number of chiller units .

[0021] In the technical solution, the method is designed with a 3-5 ℃ approximation degree and a "number of cooling towers = number of chiller units" locking strategy to ensure maximum free cooling efficiency in winter, while simplifying the configuration of pipelines and control systems and reducing investment and maintenance work on the cooling side.

[0022] In some embodiments, in step S40, the energy efficiency index setpoint The initial value is set to 1.6; subsequently, each time step S40 is performed, Decrease by 0.1.

[0023] In the technical solution, the method initially sets PUE to 1.6, and decreases it by 0.1 in each iteration until the calculated PUE is less than the set value. It automatically finds the optimal trade-off point between "investment and energy efficiency", avoiding repeated manual calculations and significantly improving the efficiency of design optimization.

[0024] In some embodiments, in step S130, if the determination result is yes, then step S140 is further performed: S140: Obtain the number of UPS units used for IT equipment , = ÷ ÷ ; Obtain the number of UPS units used for air conditioning , = ( × × + × ) ÷ .

[0025] In the technical solution, this method is designed to quickly decompose the demand for IT-UPS and air conditioning-UPS based on the final solution, ensuring the reliability of power supply to critical loads, preventing UPS overload or excessive redundancy due to omission of air conditioning loads, and achieving refined power supply configuration.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of a data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown in the illustrative embodiment of the data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads of the present invention, the data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads includes the following steps: Proceed to step S10, setting basic data, which includes the rack power of a single IT device. Rack dimensions for a single IT device Total number of IT devices Room area of ​​a single computer room Simultaneous usage coefficient of IT equipment chilled water supply temperature Chilled water return temperature Cooling water supply temperature and cooling water return temperature .

[0033] In step S10, Typically 7kW; IT equipment cabinets are 600mm × 1200mm. This corresponds to 0.72 square units; The standard setting is 900 units; It is usually set at 300 square meters; It is usually set to 0.98; It is usually set at 18℃; It is usually set to 24℃; It is usually set at 38℃; It is usually set at 32℃.

[0034] Proceed to step S20 to obtain the number of data centers. And the number of IT devices in a single data center .in, To ensure that the ratio of server rack area to non-server rack area in the data center does not exceed 1:2, avoid excessive server rack space, leave sufficient operating space and air circulation space, ensure convenient maintenance and effective air conditioning, and obtain the theoretical value of the number of IT devices per data center. This refers to a range less than or equal to a certain maximum value. Furthermore, , making Similarly, it is a range less than or equal to a certain maximum value, because The number should be less than or equal to 200 to avoid having too many server racks in the data center. The largest positive integer less than 200 is used as This allows us to determine the required number of server rooms. Furthermore, This allows for the distribution of server racks evenly among the server rooms based on their number, thus obtaining the number of server racks in each server room.

[0035] Proceed to step S30 to obtain the total power of the IT equipment. , ...

[0036] Proceed to step S40, manually set an energy efficiency target value. Obtain the scale of power consumption for the project The energy efficiency index PUE is an abbreviation for Power Usage Effectiveness.

[0037] Where 1 < ≤1.6 means that when setting the energy efficiency index setting value, one value is selected from those greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.6; The value is between 0.7 and 1. In this step, based on the PUE not exceeding 1.6, the energy consumption calculated using the current scale of IT equipment is used to first set a target PUE, thereby obtaining the scale of power consumption for the project, which lays the foundation for setting the energy consumption of the subsequent air conditioning system.

[0038] Proceed to step S50 to obtain the total cooling load. , .in, For the cooling load of a single computer room, These are all cooling loads from a single substation. A data center includes both server rooms and substations; the total cooling load comprises the cooling loads of all server rooms and all substations. The number of substations... The value is 2.

[0039] Proceed to step S60, based on the cooling load of a single computer room. The model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the computer room can be obtained from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single computer room , making and The product is greater than or equal to Each computer room contains the same number and model of air conditioners, and each air conditioner is capable of meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the server racks within it. Meanwhile, based on the cooling load of a single substation... The model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the substation can be obtained from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single substation , making and The product is greater than or equal to Each substation has the same number and model of air conditioners, and each air conditioner in each substation can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the server racks within it. More specifically, combinations whose power and quantity product meets the cooling load requirements of the data center are selected from the database, and the corresponding power model of the terminal air conditioner is selected as the terminal air conditioner to be used in the data center; combinations whose power and quantity product meets the cooling load requirements of the substation are selected from the database, and the corresponding power model of the terminal air conditioner is selected as the terminal air conditioner to be used in the substation, thus temporarily obtaining the terminal air conditioner selection for the data center.

[0040] Proceed to step S70, based on the total cooling load. The model and power of the chiller unit can be obtained from the database of available equipment. Number of chiller units Condensation heat of chiller units More specifically, the database selects combinations where the product of power and quantity meets the total cooling load requirements, selects chiller unit models with corresponding power as the chiller units to be used in the data center, thus temporarily obtaining the selection of data center chiller units and correspondingly obtaining the condensing heat data of the corresponding chiller unit models.

[0041] Proceed to step S80, based on the total cooling load. chilled water supply temperature and chilled water return temperature The process involves obtaining the heat exchange capacity, cold-side supply water temperature, cold-side return water temperature, hot-side supply water temperature, and hot-side return water temperature. Based on these temperatures, the heat exchanger model and water resistance are retrieved from a database of available equipment. More specifically, the database is searched for heat exchanger models that meet the heat exchange capacity, cold-side supply water temperature, cold-side return water temperature, hot-side supply water temperature, and hot-side return water temperature obtained in this step. These are the heat exchangers to be used in the data center, thus providing a preliminary selection of the data center's heat exchanger. Additionally, the heat exchanger can be customized based on the heat exchange capacity, cold-side supply water temperature, cold-side return water temperature, hot-side supply water temperature, and hot-side return water temperature obtained in this step.

[0042] Proceed to step S90, based on the total cooling load. chiller unit power chilled water supply temperature Chilled water return temperature Cooling water supply temperature and cooling water return temperature Obtain chilled water flow rate and cooling water flow rate Based on chilled water flow rate Get chilled water pump flow rate According to the cooling water flow rate Obtain the flow rate of the cooling water pump The chilled water pump head is obtained based on the evaporator water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioning units, the water resistance of the return water filter, the water resistance of the heat exchanger, the water resistance of the cold storage tank, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas. The cooling water pump head is obtained based on the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the cooling tower nozzle pressure, the height difference between the cooling tower water receiving pan and the nozzle, the heat exchanger water resistance, and the pipe friction and local water resistance. Based on the chilled water pump flow rate and chilled water pump head The model and power of the chilled water pump can be obtained from the database of available equipment. According to the cooling water pump flow rate and cooling water pump head The model and power of the cooling water pump can be obtained from the database of available equipment. More specifically, the database is used to search for water pumps that meet the head and flow requirements, which will be used as the cooling water pumps and chilled water pumps to be used in the data center. This will allow for the provisional selection of cooling water pumps and chilled water pumps, and the corresponding power of each pump will be obtained.

[0043] Proceed to step S100, based on the chilled water supply temperature. Obtain the cooling tower outlet water temperature, based on the chilled water return temperature. Obtain the cooling tower inlet water temperature. This is based on the cooling tower outlet water temperature, cooling tower inlet water temperature, and chilled water flow rate. Based on the proximity to the cooling tower, the model and power of the cooling tower are obtained from the database of available equipment. and number of cooling towers More specifically, the database is used to search for cooling towers that meet the parameter requirements for outlet water temperature, flow rate, and approximation, which will be selected as the proposed cooling tower models for the data center, thus providing a preliminary cooling tower selection for the data center. Number of cooling towers. Typically related to the number of chiller units Same. The type of cooling tower selected in this application is an open cooling tower.

[0044] Proceed to step S110 to obtain the total power of the air conditioner. .

[0045] = + × + × + × + × This refers to the total air conditioning power, which is the sum of the power of all terminal air conditioners, all chiller units, all chilled water pumps, all cooling water pumps, and all cooling towers currently planned for the data center. The number of chilled water pumps is also included. = Number of cooling water pumps = .

[0046] Proceed to step S120 to obtain the calculated value of the energy efficiency index. , Among them, the total auxiliary power = × × Auxiliary equipment unit power 15-55 Therefore, after manually setting a PUE value, the selection and quantity settings of terminal air conditioners, chillers, chilled water pumps, cooling water pumps, cooling towers, and heat exchangers in the data center are performed to obtain the PUE value calculated after the corresponding data center selection settings.

[0047] Perform S130 to determine Is it less than If the judgment result is yes, then the data center PUE formed by the model, parameters, and quantity of each selected device meets the requirements, and the selection result is output, that is, the terminal air conditioner model, chiller unit model, chilled water pump model, cooling water pump model, cooling tower model, and heat exchanger model to be used in steps S60 to S110 are output, and the corresponding quantity of each device is output simultaneously. If the judgment result is no, then the data center PUE formed by the model, parameters, and quantity of each selected device does not meet the requirements, and it is reduced. Then return to step S40, and repeat the selection process from step S60 to step S110 until the result is yes when returning to step S140.

[0048] This method is designed based on the initial scale and operational parameter requirements of the data center, namely the power and quantity of IT equipment and the area of ​​the computer room in the basic data, as well as the setting of supply and return water temperature. It sets the power consumption scale of the project and selects the corresponding equipment in the air conditioning system. Then, it verifies the Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE). After the PUE verification is met, it completes the selection of the model and quantity of all key equipment such as UPS, transformer, terminal air conditioner, chiller, cooling tower, water pump, plate heat exchanger, sand filter and chemical dosing device in one go. This avoids the professional fragmentation, repeated adjustments and capacity redundancy caused by traditional serial design, significantly shortens the design cycle and reduces the initial investment.

[0049] In some embodiments, in step S10, the basic data further includes the UPS load rate. and transformer load rate .

[0050] In step S50: ; ; in, ; ÷ It is usually not an integer, therefore greater than or equal to ÷ Among the quotient values, the closest even number is selected to ensure that the UPS of the two substations can be evenly distributed.

[0051] ; ÷ The quotient is usually not an integer, therefore greater than or equal to ÷ Among the quotient values, the closest even number is selected to ensure that the transformers of the two substations can be evenly distributed.

[0052] Furthermore, ÷ The quotient needs to be an integer to ensure that each transformer purchased corresponds to at least one UPS device. This ensures that each transformer is equipped with 14 distribution cabinets.

[0053] ; The area of ​​each transformer and its auxiliary equipment unit module is obtained. Each unit module includes a transformer, its corresponding UPS and distribution cabinet, as well as a longitudinal side passage on one side of the equipment, a transverse front passage on the front side of the equipment, and a transverse space separated from the wall on the rear side of the equipment. All equipment in the unit module is arranged side by side in a row along the transverse direction.

[0054] ; ; This means obtaining the area of ​​a longitudinal side passage on the other side of the substation, in addition to the area of ​​all transformer components.

[0055] Among them, the cold index of the building envelope 50-80 Maintain the width of the channel side The minimum clearance between the transformer's outer profile and the wall is 1m. The width of the passageway in front of the screen is 1m. It is 1.8m.

[0056] UPS capacity and transformer capacity All data was obtained from a database of available devices; transformer length Transformer width Length of distribution cabinet and UPS length All data is obtained from a database of available devices; more specifically, the database searches for UPS devices whose capacity and quantity product satisfy... Based on the combination of requirements, select UPS models with corresponding power ratings for use in the data center, thus obtaining a preliminary selection of UPS equipment for the data center; then, search the database for transformer equipment to find those whose capacity and quantity product meets the requirements. Based on the combination of requirements, a transformer model with corresponding power is selected for use in the data center, thus temporarily obtaining the data center transformer selection. Once the UPS equipment and transformer models are selected, the database will contain the corresponding dimensional data, including the transformer length. Transformer width Length of distribution cabinet and UPS length .

[0057] Furthermore, when outputting the selection results in step 140, the UPS equipment model and transformer model are output, along with their respective quantities.

[0058] This method quantifies actual engineering boundary conditions such as UPS load rate, transformer load rate, room area, and maintenance passage width into algorithm inputs, further clarifying the selection of UPS and transformers, and thus determining the equipment layout and space of the computer room and substation. This allows for a more accurate acquisition of the cooling load of the computer room and substation, providing a more accurate basis for the selection of subsequent equipment based on the total cooling load, ensuring that the final selection result is accurate and reasonable, and preventing design rework such as "the equipment can be placed but the capacity is insufficient" or "the capacity is sufficient but the space occupied exceeds the limit".

[0059] The database of usable equipment typically contains a list of performance parameters for procurable equipment, usually provided by the equipment supplier. This list includes performance and dimensional parameters for equipment such as UPS units, transformers, distribution cabinets, terminal air conditioners, chillers, heat exchangers, chilled water pumps, cooling water pumps, and cooling towers. In the database, each model of UPS unit, transformer, distribution cabinet, terminal air conditioner, chiller, chilled water pump, cooling water pump, and cooling tower has its power rating listed in its performance parameters. The power rating obtained by selecting the equipment model in steps S60 to S110 is typically the rated power.

[0060] In some embodiments, according to Obtain from the database of available devices When choosing a UPS, select the product of the UPS capacity and the number of UPS units that is closest to the given value. Furthermore, the number of UPS units must be an even number; therefore, the capacity value of the UPS units within that combination is used as... UPS quantity as This ensures that the total capacity of the UPS equipment just meets the requirements. The demand, that is, the product of capacity and quantity, is exactly equal to Or slightly larger To avoid selecting UPS equipment with excessive capacity, and to ensure that the UPS equipment can be evenly distributed between the two substations.

[0061] according to Obtain from the database of available devices When choosing a transformer, select the product of the transformer capacity and the number of transformers that is closest. Furthermore, for combinations where the number of transformers is an even number, the transformer capacity value is taken as... The number of transformers as This ensures that the total capacity of the transformer just meets the requirements. The demand, that is, the product of capacity and quantity, is exactly equal to Or slightly larger This is to avoid selecting transformers with excessively large capacities.

[0062] Furthermore, ensure that the selected transformer capacity and quantity correspond to the UPS capacity and quantity, so that the transformer can be matched with one or more corresponding UPS units to form a transformer assembly unit module.

[0063] This method is designed to force the product of the capacity and quantity of UPS and transformers to be as close as possible to the required value. This satisfies the 2N redundancy specification of Class A data centers while avoiding excessive power consumption caused by excessive capacity, thus preventing PUE from exceeding the standard and ensuring the green and energy-saving requirements of data centers.

[0064] In some embodiments, the model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the computer room are obtained from a database of available devices. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single computer room When choosing an air conditioner, select the product of its power and number of units that is closest to the given value. A group as and This ensures that the total power of the terminal air conditioners used in the selected computer room just meets the cooling load requirements of the computer room. That is, the product of the air conditioner power and the number is just equal to or slightly greater than the cooling load of a single computer room, thus avoiding the selection of excessive terminal air conditioner power and avoiding increased energy consumption leading to PUE exceeding the standard.

[0065] Obtain the model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the substation from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single substation When choosing an air conditioner, select the product of its power and number of units that is closest to the given value. A group as and This ensures that the total power of the terminal air conditioners used in the selected substations just meets the cooling load requirements of the substations. That is, the product of the air conditioner power and the number of air conditioners is just equal to or slightly greater than the cooling load of a single substation, thus avoiding excessive power of the selected terminal air conditioners and avoiding increased energy consumption leading to PUE exceeding the standard.

[0066] This method is designed to perform optimal approximation of "cooling load - air conditioning capacity - number of units" for both computer rooms and substations, ensuring that the power of each air conditioner is moderate, so that they can all work in the high-efficiency range, reducing the over-configuration or cooling gap of air conditioners caused by the dispersion of cooling capacity, reducing operating energy consumption and extending equipment life.

[0067] In some embodiments, in step S70, the model and power of the chiller unit are obtained from the database of available devices. and the number of chiller units When choosing a chiller, select the product of the chiller unit power and the number of chiller units that is closest to the given value. A group as and This ensures that the total power of the selected chiller units just meets the requirements of the total cooling load, that is, the product of the chiller unit power and the number is just equal to or slightly greater than the total cooling load, thus avoiding the selection of excessively powerful chiller units and avoiding increased energy consumption leading to PUE exceeding the standard.

[0068] This method uses the total cooling load as a benchmark and selects the combination of chiller power × quantity that is closest to the demand value, avoiding the polarized configuration of "single unit too large and inefficient under low load" or "multiple units too small and complex to manage", thus improving the annual energy efficiency of the refrigeration system.

[0069] In some embodiments, in step S80, the heat exchange is × , =1.05~1.1; cold side water supply temperature is -1.5, cold side return water temperature is -1.5, the hot water supply temperature is Hot side return water temperature .

[0070] The design of this method uses a heat transfer coefficient of 1.05 to 1.1 and a temperature correction of -1.5℃ to ensure stable heat exchange under natural cooling conditions in winter, and prevents the chiller unit from being forced to start due to insufficient approximation, thereby further reducing the annual PUE.

[0071] In some embodiments, in step S90, = ; .

[0072] = × ; = × ; The value is between 1.05 and 1.1. It ranges from 1.05 to 1.1; Based on the data from the chiller unit models selected in step S70, obtain the evaporator water pressure drop and the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller units. More specifically, the chiller unit models selected in step S70 have evaporator water pressure drop and condenser water pressure drop data parameters in their performance parameters. Based on the data from the terminal air conditioning models selected in step S60, including terminal air conditioning models for computer rooms and substations, take the largest water pressure drop value among the performance parameters of the two models as the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioning unit. The return water filter water resistance is 3-5. Based on the data from the heat exchanger model selected in step S80, the water resistance data in the performance parameters is found, thus obtaining the heat exchanger water resistance. The water resistance of the cold storage tank is 3. The water resistance along the pipeline and in certain areas is 7-10. Cooling tower nozzle pressure value 2-3 The height difference between the cooling tower water receiving tray and the nozzle is 2-3 mm. .

[0073] chilled water pump head It is the sum of the evaporator water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioner, the water resistance of the return water filter, the water resistance of the heat exchanger, the water resistance of the cold storage tank, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas.

[0074] Cooling water pump head This is the sum of the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the cooling tower nozzle pressure, the height difference between the cooling tower water receiving pan and the nozzle, the heat exchanger water resistance, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas.

[0075] In this technical solution, the method is designed to numerically superimpose all resistance components such as evaporators, condensers, terminal air conditioners, filters, plate heat exchangers, cold storage tanks, and pipelines, thereby accurately determining the performance requirements of the water pump. Based on the performance parameters in the database, the water pump is selected, avoiding excessively high head (high energy consumption) or insufficient flow caused by empirical estimation. This achieves one-time water pump selection and ensures that the selected water pump meets the PUE requirements of the entire data center system.

[0076] In some embodiments, in step S100, the cooling tower outlet water temperature (°C) is -1.5, cooling tower inlet water temperature (°C) is -1.5, cooling tower proximity is 3-5℃; number of cooling towers =Number of chiller units This method employs a 3-5°C approximation degree and a locking strategy where "the number of cooling towers equals the number of chiller units" to ensure maximum free cooling efficiency in winter, while simplifying piping and control system configuration and reducing investment and maintenance on the cooling side.

[0077] In some embodiments, in step S40, the energy efficiency index setpoint The initial setting is 1.6, meaning the selection workflow starts by defining the process based on the highest PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness). Subsequent iterations, each time the process returns to step S40, will... The parameter is reduced by 0.1. This method initially sets PUE to 1.6, starting with the performance requirement with the weakest energy-saving performance to determine equipment selection, thus enabling faster selection of equipment that meets PUE requirements. Furthermore, the parameter is decreased by 0.1 in each iteration until the calculated PUE is less than the set value. This moderate step size of parameter change automatically finds the optimal trade-off between investment and energy efficiency, avoiding repeated manual calculations and significantly improving design optimization efficiency, leading to faster equipment selection that meets PUE requirements.

[0078] In some embodiments, if the determination result is yes in step S130, then step S140 is further performed.

[0079] Perform S140 to obtain the number of UPS units used by IT equipment. , = ÷ ÷ The number of UPS units used for air conditioning was also obtained simultaneously. , =( × × + × ) ÷ This method, based on the final selection scheme, further accurately breaks down the demand for IT-UPS and air conditioning-UPS, ensuring the reliability of power supply to critical loads, preventing UPS overload or excessive redundancy due to the omission of air conditioning loads, and achieving refined power supply configuration.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0081] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A data center equipment selection method based on the linkage between electrical and HVAC loads, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10: Set basic data, including the rack power of a single IT device. Rack dimensions for a single IT device Total number of IT devices Room area of ​​a single computer room Simultaneous usage coefficient of IT equipment chilled water supply temperature Chilled water return temperature Cooling water supply temperature and cooling water return temperature ; S20: Obtain the number of data centers And the number of IT devices in a single data center ;in, , ; Set to greater than The maximum value of , and the adjacent positive integer, and ≤200; ; S30: Obtain the total power of IT equipment , ; S40: Manually setting energy efficiency index settings Obtain the scale of power consumption for the project ; Where 1 < ≤1.6, It ranges from 0.7 to 1; S50: Obtain total cooling load , ;in, For the cooling load of a single computer room, All are cold loads from a single substation; the number of substations... It is 2; S60: Based on the cooling load of a single computer room The model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the computer room can be obtained from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single computer room Based on the cooling load of a single substation The model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the substation can be obtained from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single substation ; S70: Based on total cooling load The model and power of the chiller unit can be obtained from the database of available equipment. Number of chiller units Condensation heat of chiller units ; S80: Based on total cooling load chilled water supply temperature and chilled water return temperature The heat exchange temperature, cold side supply water temperature, cold side return water temperature, hot side supply water temperature, and hot side return water temperature are obtained. Based on the heat exchange capacity, cold side supply water temperature, cold side return water temperature, hot side supply water temperature, and hot side return water temperature, the heat exchanger model and heat exchanger water resistance are obtained from the database of available equipment. S90: Based on total cooling load chiller unit power chilled water supply temperature Chilled water return temperature Cooling water supply temperature and cooling water return temperature Obtain chilled water flow rate and cooling water flow rate According to the chilled water flow rate Get chilled water pump flow rate According to the cooling water flow rate Obtain the flow rate of the cooling water pump ; The chilled water pump head is obtained based on the evaporator water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioning units, the water resistance of the return water filter, the water resistance of the heat exchanger, the water resistance of the cold storage tank, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas. ; The cooling water pump head is obtained based on the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the cooling tower nozzle pressure, the height difference between the cooling tower water receiving pan and the nozzle, the heat exchanger water resistance, and the pipe friction and local water resistance. ; Based on chilled water pump flow rate and chilled water pump head The model and power of the chilled water pump can be obtained from the database of available equipment. According to the cooling water pump flow rate and cooling water pump head The model and power of the cooling water pump can be obtained from the database of available equipment. ; S100: Based on chilled water supply temperature Obtain the cooling tower outlet water temperature, based on the chilled water return temperature. Obtain the cooling tower inlet water temperature; based on the cooling tower outlet water temperature, cooling tower inlet water temperature, and chilled water flow rate... Based on the proximity to the cooling tower, the model and power of the cooling tower are obtained from the database of available equipment. and number of cooling towers ; S110: Obtain the total power of the air conditioner ; = + × + × + × + × ； Among them, the number of chilled water pumps = Number of cooling water pumps = ; S120: Obtaining energy efficiency index calculation values , ; Among them, the total auxiliary power = × × Auxiliary equipment unit power 15-55 ; S130: Judgment Is it less than If the judgment result is yes, output the selection result; if the judgment result is no, reduce the value. Then return to step S40.

2. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S10, the basic data further includes the UPS load rate. and transformer load rate ; In step S50: ; ； in, ; Set to greater than or equal to ÷ The quotient, and the even number adjacent to it; ; Set to greater than or equal to ÷ The quotient, and the even number adjacent to it; ÷ The quotient is an integer; ; ； ； ； ； ； Among them, the cold index of the building envelope 50-80 UPS capacity and transformer capacity All data was obtained from a database of available devices; transformer length Transformer width Length of distribution cabinet and UPS length All data is obtained from the database of available devices; maintain channel width. The minimum clearance between the transformer's outer profile and the wall is 1m. The width of the passageway in front of the screen is 1m. It is 1.8m.

3. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads as described in claim 2, characterized in that, according to Obtain from the database of available devices When choosing a UPS, select the product of the UPS capacity and the number of UPS units that is closest to the given value. Furthermore, the number of UPS units must be an even number; therefore, the capacity value of the UPS units within that combination is used as... UPS quantity as ; according to Obtain from the database of available devices When choosing a transformer, select the product of the transformer capacity and the number of transformers that is closest. Furthermore, for combinations where the number of transformers is an even number, the transformer capacity value is taken as... The number of transformers as .

4. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S60, the model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the computer room are obtained from the database of available devices. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single computer room When choosing an air conditioner, select the product of its power and number of units that is closest to the given value. A group as and ; Obtain the model and power of the terminal air conditioners in the substation from the database of available equipment. And the number of terminal air conditioners in a single substation When choosing an air conditioner, select the product of its power and number of units that is closest to the given value. A group as and .

5. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S70, the model and power of the chiller unit are obtained from the database of available equipment. and the number of chiller units When choosing a chiller, select the product of the chiller unit power and the number of chiller units that is closest to the given value. A group as and .

6. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S80, the heat exchange is × , =1.05~1.1; cold side water supply temperature is -1.5, cold side return water temperature is -1.5, the hot water supply temperature is Hot side return water temperature .

7. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S90, = ; ; = × ; = × ; The value is between 1.05 and 1.

1. It ranges from 1.05 to 1.1; Based on the data from the chiller unit models selected in step S70, obtain the evaporator water pressure drop and the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller units; based on the data from the terminal air conditioning models selected in step S60, take the terminal air conditioning unit with the largest water pressure drop between the computer room terminal air conditioning unit and the substation terminal air conditioning unit as the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioning unit; the return water filter water resistance is 3-5. Based on the data from the heat exchanger model selected in step S80, obtain the heat exchanger water resistance; the water resistance of the cold storage tank is 3. The water resistance along the pipeline and in certain areas is 7-10. Cooling tower nozzle pressure value 2-3 The height difference between the cooling tower water receiving tray and the nozzle is 2-3 mm. ; chilled water pump head It is the sum of the evaporator water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the water pressure drop of the terminal air conditioner, the water resistance of the return water filter, the water resistance of the heat exchanger, the water resistance of the cold storage tank, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas; Cooling water pump head This is the sum of the condenser water pressure drop of the chiller unit, the cooling tower nozzle pressure, the height difference between the cooling tower water receiving pan and the nozzle, the heat exchanger water resistance, and the water resistance along the pipeline and in local areas.

8. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S100, the cooling tower outlet water temperature is -1.5, cooling tower inlet water temperature is -1.5, cooling tower proximity is 3-5℃; number of cooling towers =Number of chiller units .

9. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S40, the energy efficiency index setpoint The initial value is set to 1.6; subsequently, each time step S40 is performed, Decrease by 0.

1.

10. The data center equipment selection method based on the linkage of electrical and HVAC loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S130, if the judgment result is yes, then proceed to step S140: S140: Obtain the number of UPS units used for IT equipment , = ÷ ÷ ; Obtain the number of UPS units used for air conditioning , =( × × + × ) ÷ .

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