Fixing device for relieving craniocerebral collapse after craniocerebral flap removal

Abstract

The fixing device comprises a fixing cover, the fixing cover is connected with a limiting ring, a pressurizing bag is arranged at the lower end of the fixing cover, the pressurizing bag is provided with an attaching part and an extruding part, and the attaching part protrudes outwards to form a protruding bag; the lower end of the protruding bag is of a circular truncated cone structure, and the upper end is of a long-strip-shaped columnar structure. The extrusion part of the extrusion bag is attached to the scalp at the skull defect position after the skull flap removal operation to pressurize and fix the skull defect position, when brain tissue swells, the extrusion part deforms to enable pressure in the extrusion bag to be increased, the protruding bag extends outwards, the pressure in the extrusion bag is increased to resist swelling of the brain tissue, and when the brain tissue does not swell any more, the extrusion part deforms to enable the pressure in the extrusion bag to be increased to resist swelling of the brain tissue. The pressure in the pressurizing bag is reduced, the protruding bag retracts, the pressurizing degree of the pressurizing bag is dynamically adjusted by observing the change of the protruding bag, the stability of brain tissue is improved, subdural effusion is reduced, the situation that the intracranial pressure is reduced due to leakage of cerebrospinal fluid caused by increase of surgical incision tension is avoided, and therefore craniocerebral collapse after craniocerebral flap removal is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical rehabilitation, and specifically relates to a device for fixing craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy. Background Technology

[0002] Decongestive craniectomy involves removing a piece of bone from the patient's skull to relieve pressure on the brain, providing more space for brain tissue and reducing compression. It is a common surgical treatment for intracranial hemorrhage.

[0003] Low intracranial pressure is a significant cause of skull depression after osteotomy. Following osteotomy, the absence of skull bone deprives brain tissue of its original support and fixation, making it relatively unstable. This decreased brain tissue stability provides mechanical space for subdural effusion, further lowering intracranial pressure. On the surgical side, without skull support, brain tissue subjected to pressure from the contralateral cranial cavity tends to bulge towards the surgical side, losing space for effusion, which may then flow to other areas. In the intervertebral fissure, increased brain tissue instability creates a gap, providing space for subdural effusion. The ten days following osteotomy are a peak period for subdural effusion formation. Brain tissue bulging increases surgical incision tension, potentially causing cerebrospinal fluid to leak through the incision and resulting in low intracranial pressure. Applying pressure bandages to the bulging brain tissue can alleviate subdural effusion and cerebrospinal fluid leakage caused by increased surgical incision tension in most patients. Dynamically adjusting the pressure based on changes in brain tissue bulging can increase brain tissue stability.

[0004] However, existing postoperative pressure devices for craniectomy cannot monitor changes in brain tissue protrusion in a timely manner, thus failing to dynamically adjust the pressure applied to the protruding area of ​​the brain tissue at the craniocerebral defect site. A new technology is needed to improve this situation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a device for fixing craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy. While applying pressure to the skull defect after craniectomy, the device can observe the bulging of brain tissue and dynamically adjust the degree of pressure to increase the stability of brain tissue, reduce subdural effusion, and avoid intracranial pressure reduction caused by cerebrospinal fluid leakage due to increased surgical incision tension, thereby reducing craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy.

[0006] This invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a fixation device for reducing craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy, comprising a fixation cover, the fixation cover being generally arc-shaped, the edge of the fixation cover connecting to the upper end of a limiting ring, and annular bodies on both sides of the lower end of the limiting ring. The fixation cover has a through-hole, and a pressure bladder is provided at the lower end of the fixation cover. The pressure bladder is generally a flat, protruding structure, and from top to bottom, the pressure bladder has a fitting part and a compression part, both of which are arc-shaped structures. The extrusion part is concave in the middle, and the middle part of the fitting part protrudes outward to form a bulge. The bulge communicates with the inner cavity of the pressure bladder. The lower end of the bulge has a frustum structure, and the upper end of the bulge has a long columnar structure. The inner side of the middle part of the bulge is connected to one end of the support column by an embedded connection. The bulge passes through the fixing cover through one of the channels. The outer surface of the fitting part is tightly adhered to the lower surface of the fixing cover and the inner side of the limiting ring to form an integral whole.

[0007] The compression part and the protruding sac are elastic structures, and the lower surface of the compression part is closely attached to the scalp at the skull defect site after bone flap surgery.

[0008] The integral cover formed by the fixing cover and the limiting ring is placed on the lateral scalp of the skull defect site after bone flap surgery.

[0009] The two adjacent annular bodies are connected by an adjusting belt, and the pressure inside the pressure bladder is adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting belt between the two adjacent annular bodies.

[0010] The average wall thickness a of the extrusion part, the average wall thickness b of the protrusion bladder, and the wall thickness c of the fitting part satisfy c>b>a;

[0011] The outer wall thickness of the protruding bladder gradually decreases from the outside to the inside, while the wall thickness in the middle of the protruding bladder is equal. The connection between the support column and the protruding bladder is located on the inner side of the middle of the protruding bladder.

[0012] An air vent is provided on the outer surface of the fitting part, and the air vent passes through the fixing cover through another channel.

[0013] The pressurized bladder communicates with the outside through the air inlet, and an air valve is provided at the end of the air inlet.

[0014] The pressure bladder is made of rubber, and the fixing cover is made of polyethylene.

[0015] The bonding portion and the extrusion portion are bonded together with light-cured acrylic adhesive.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] This invention uses a compression bladder to apply pressure and fix the scalp at the skull defect site after craniectomy. When brain tissue bulges, the compression part deforms, reducing the volume of the compression bladder and increasing the pressure. The bulging bladder extends outward, increasing the pressure to resist brain tissue bulging. When the brain tissue stops bulging, the pressure inside the compression bladder decreases, and the bulging bladder retracts. By observing the changes in the bulging bladder, the pressure level of the compression bladder is dynamically adjusted to increase the stability of brain tissue, reduce subdural effusion, and avoid intracranial pressure reduction caused by cerebrospinal fluid leakage due to increased surgical incision tension, thereby mitigating craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is an overall cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an overall front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the uncompressed state of the pressure bladder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is an initial schematic diagram of the compression process of the pressure bladder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the later stage of the compression process of the pressure bladder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-Fixing cover; 1a-Limiting ring; 1b-Channel; 2-Pressure bladder; 2a-Adhesive part; 2b-Squeezing part; 2c-Air inlet; 2d-Air valve; 3-Protruding bladder; 4-Support column; 5-Ring-shaped body; 6-Adjusting band; 7-Scalp; 8-Skull; 9-Brain tissue. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown in the figure, a device for fixing craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy includes a fixation cover 1, which is generally arc-shaped. The edge of the fixation cover 1 is connected to the upper end of the limiting ring 1a. There are ring-shaped bodies 5 on both sides of the lower end of the limiting ring 1a. The fixation cover 1 is provided with a through hole 1b. The lower end of the fixation cover 1 is provided with a pressure bladder 2. The setting of the limiting ring 1a can prevent the pressure bladder 2 from extending to all sides when deformed under force, thereby weakening the pressure effect of the pressure bladder 2.

[0027] The pressure bladder 2 has a centrally protruding and externally flattened structure. From top to bottom, the pressure bladder 2 has a fitting part 2a and a compression part 2b. Both the fitting part 2a and the compression part 2b have an arc-shaped structure. The compression part 2b has a centrally concave shape. The central part of the fitting part 2a protrudes outward to form a bulging bladder 3. The bulging bladder 3 is connected to the inner cavity of the pressure bladder 2. Since the changes in the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 after craniotomy when brain tissue 9 bulges are difficult to observe and compare with the naked eye, the connected design allows the pressure changes inside the pressure bladder 2 to flexibly cause compensatory changes in the shape of the bulging bladder 3. By observing the changes in the shape of the bulging bladder 3, the subtle changes in the bulging of brain tissue 9 can be observed.

[0028] The lower end of the bulging sac 3 has a frustum structure, and the upper end of the bulging sac 3 has a long columnar structure. The frustum structure makes the bulging sac 3 form a stable base. The long columnar structure will change its stretching length with the change of pressure inside the pressure sac 2, so as to observe the bulging of brain tissue 9.

[0029] The inner side of the middle part of the protruding bladder 3 is connected to one end of the support column 4 by an embedded connection. The embedded connection ensures that when the protruding bladder 3 extends outward, the wall area of ​​the protruding bladder 3 connected to the support column 4 does not undergo elastic deformation. The support column 4 is made of lightweight material to avoid the weight of the support column 4 resisting the deformation of the protruding bladder 3.

[0030] The protruding bladder 3 penetrates the fixing cover 1 through one of the channels 1b. The outer surface of the fitting part 2a is tightly adhered to the lower surface of the fixing cover 1 and the inner side of the limiting ring 1a to form an integral whole. This further prevents the pressure bladder 2 from deforming under force except for the squeezing part 2b and the protruding bladder 3, thus affecting the pressure effect of the pressure bladder 2 and the appearance effect of the protruding bladder 3.

[0031] The compression part 2b and the protruding bladder 3 are elastic structures. The elastic design allows the lower surface of the compression part 2b to adhere tightly to the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery. The compression part 2b can be equivalent to a pressure sensor. When the brain tissue 9 bulges, the compression part 2b adheres to the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery, and produces elastic deformation. Since the adhering part 2a is restricted by the fixing cover 1 and the limiting ring 1a, the volume 1 of the pressure bladder 2 becomes smaller, and the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 increases.

[0032] The fixing cover 1 and the limiting ring 1a form an integral cover that covers the lateral scalp 7 of the skull bone defect 8 after the bone flap surgery, protecting the scalp 7 of the skull bone defect 8 from external force damage.

[0033] Two adjacent annular bodies 5 are connected by an adjusting belt 6. The pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting belt 6 between the two adjacent annular bodies 5.

[0034] The average wall thickness of the compression part 2b is a, the average wall thickness of the protrusion sac 3 is b, and the wall thickness of the fitting part 2a is c, satisfying c>b>a. When the pressure inside the pressure sac 2 increases, the compression part 2b deforms first, which facilitates fitting the scalp 7 at the skull bone defect 8 after bone flap surgery, and then the protrusion sac 3 deforms.

[0035] The wall thickness of the protruding bladder 3 gradually decreases from the outside to the inside, and the above arrangement facilitates the formation of the frustum structure of the protruding bladder 3.

[0036] The wall thickness of the protruding bladder 3 is equal in the middle. The connection between the support column 4 and the protruding bladder 3 is located on the inner side of the middle of the protruding bladder 3. Since the connection between the support column 4 and the protruding bladder 3 is embedded, the connection area does not undergo elastic deformation. At the same time, it restricts the transverse elastic deformation of the middle area of ​​the protruding bladder 3 other than the connection area, so that the middle area of ​​the protruding bladder 3 other than the connection area only undergoes longitudinal tensile deformation, thereby forming a long strip columnar structure.

[0037] This invention utilizes the compression portion 2b of the compression bladder to adhere to the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 after bone flap surgery, applying pressure for fixation. When the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 bulges due to brain tissue 9 after bone flap surgery, the compression portion 2b undergoes elastic deformation to maintain adhesion to the scalp 7, increasing the pressure within the compression bladder. Due to the fixing and supporting effect of the support column 4 and the c>b>a configuration, the protruding bladder 3 extends outward, elongating its elongated profile, increasing the pressure of the compression bladder on the skull defect 8. After craniectomy, the pressure of the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 is reduced. When the brain tissue 9 no longer bulges, the pressure inside the protruding sac 3 decreases, the protruding sac 3 retracts inward, and the elongated outline becomes shorter. By observing the changes in the protruding sac 3, the dynamic adjustment band 6 is adjusted to change the degree of deformation of the pressure sac 2, thereby changing the pressure inside the pressure sac, increasing the stability of the brain tissue 9, reducing subdural effusion, and avoiding the situation of decreased intracranial pressure caused by cerebrospinal fluid leakage due to increased surgical incision tension, thus alleviating craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy.

[0038] An air vent 2c is provided on the outer surface of the fitting part 2a. The air vent 2c passes through the fixed cover 1 through another channel 1b. The pressure bladder 2 communicates with the outside through the air vent 2c. An air valve 2d is provided at the end of the air vent 2c. The pressure bladder 2 can be inflated by the air vent 2c, and the air valve 2d can restrict the entry and exit of gas.

[0039] The pressure bladder 2 is made of rubber, and the fixing cover 1 is made of polyethylene. The rubber material has good elasticity and can realize the deformation of the extrusion part 2b and the formation of the protruding bladder 3.

[0040] The bonding part 2a and the extrusion part 2b are bonded together with light-cured acrylic adhesive. Bonding the bonding part 2a and the extrusion part 2b together with light-cured acrylic adhesive does not change the wall thickness of the bonding part 2a and the extrusion part 2b, which facilitates the processing of the pressure bladder 2. At the same time, it has good sealing performance, so that the pressure bladder 2 forms a sealed shape.

[0041] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0042] S1: A certain amount of gas is filled into the pressure bladder 2 through the air inlet 2c. The setting of the air valve 2d makes the gas sealed inside the pressure bladder 2. After the bone flap surgery, the scalp 7 surface of the skull defect 8 is covered with gauze, soft film and other dressings to protect the surgical wound, disperse the pressure force, avoid excessive pressure concentration that may cause pressure damage to local tissues, and at the same time separate the surgical wound and the pressure part to avoid wound infection caused by prolonged direct contact.

[0043] S2: Fix the fixation cover 1 to the lateral scalp 7 of the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery, adjust the adjustment strap 6 so that the pressure bladder 2 compresses the scalp 7 of the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery, and the compression part 2b fits into the scalp 7 of the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery covered with dressing to prevent brain tissue 9 from bulging out. Due to the increased pressure inside the pressure bladder 2, the protruding bladder 3 forms a frustum shape.

[0044] S3: When the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 protrudes outward after the bone flap surgery, the compression part 2b continues to protrude and deform to accommodate the protrusion of the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery, which further increases the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2. The truncated cone-shaped protrusion bladder 3 continues to extend outward. The protrusion bladder 3 as a whole forms a truncated cone structure at the lower end and a long columnar structure at the upper end. As the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 increases, the long columnar structure becomes longer.

[0045] Solution:

[0046] a. It was determined that the outward protrusion of the scalp at the skull defect site after the osteotomy was due to the bulging of brain tissue 9, excluding other factors such as cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral edema.

[0047] b. By continuing to fill the pressure bladder 2 with gas through the air inlet 2c or by adjusting the length of the adjustment belt 6, the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 is increased. When the long columnar structure is in a fully stretched state, the length of the long columnar structure is X. Continue to increase the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2. Due to the elastic effect of the compression part 2b, the pressure on the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery is increased.

[0048] After 2-6 hours of compression, gas is released into the pressure bladder 2 through the air inlet 2c or the length of the regulating belt 6 is adjusted to reduce the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2, so that the elongated columnar structure is in a state of incomplete stretching. The length of the elongated columnar structure is Y, X>Y. Continue to observe. When the length of the elongated columnar structure remains unchanged or continues to stretch, the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 is further increased.

[0049] After 2-6 hours of compression, the elongated columnar structure retracts. The length of the elongated columnar structure is Z, and Y>Z. The pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 is gradually reduced by releasing gas through the air vent 2c or by adjusting the length of the regulating belt 6.

[0050] S4: When the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery is depressed inward, the pressure on the compression part 2b from the scalp 7 at the skull defect 8 after the bone flap surgery is reduced, the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 decreases, and the truncated cone-shaped protrusion bladder 3 continues to retract to the initial state. The pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 is reduced by releasing gas into the pressure bladder 2 through the air port 2c or by adjusting the length of the adjustment belt 6.

[0051] S5 observes the morphological changes of the protruding bladder 3, and adjusts the pressure inside the pressure bladder 2 by venting or releasing air into the air port 2c or by adjusting the length of the adjusting belt 6, so that the protruding bladder 3 is maintained in a frustum shape.

[0052] The present invention has been specifically described above in conjunction with its embodiments. Various improvements can be made without departing from the core scope of the invention, and equivalent components can be used to replace them. As long as there is no structural conflict, the features in the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be combined with each other in any way. This specification does not exhaustively describe these combinations, merely for the sake of saving space and resources. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but covers all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for relieving craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy, characterized in that: The device includes a fixing cover, which is generally arc-shaped. The edge of the fixing cover connects to the upper end of a limiting ring. Two annular bodies are provided on both sides of the lower end of the limiting ring. The fixing cover has a through-hole. A pressure bladder is provided at the lower end of the fixing cover. The pressure bladder has a centrally protruding, outwardly flat structure. From top to bottom, the pressure bladder has a fitting part and a squeezing part, both of which are arc-shaped. The squeezing part is concave in the middle. The center of the fitting part protrudes outward to form a raised bladder, which communicates with the inner cavity of the pressure bladder. The lower end of the raised bladder has a frustum structure, and the upper end has a long, columnar structure. The inner surface of the center of the raised bladder is embeddedly connected to one end of a support column. The raised bladder passes through one of the through-holes in the fixing cover. The outer surface of the fitting part is tightly adhered to the lower surface of the fixing cover and the inner surface of the limiting ring to form a whole. The compression part and the protruding sac are elastic structures, and the lower surface of the compression part is closely attached to the scalp at the skull defect site after bone flap surgery. The integral cover formed by the fixing cover and the limiting ring is placed on the lateral scalp of the skull defect site after bone flap surgery. The two adjacent annular bodies are connected by an adjusting belt, and the pressure inside the pressure bladder is adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting belt between the two adjacent annular bodies. The average wall thickness a of the extrusion part, the average wall thickness b of the protrusion bladder, and the wall thickness c of the fitting part satisfy c>b>a; The outer wall thickness of the protruding bladder gradually decreases from the outside to the inside, while the wall thickness in the middle of the protruding bladder is equal. The connection between the support column and the protruding bladder is located on the inner side of the middle of the protruding bladder.

2. The device for relieving craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air vent is provided on the outer surface of the fitting part, and the air vent passes through the fixing cover through another channel.

3. The device for relieving craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressurized bladder communicates with the outside through the air inlet, and an air valve is provided at the end of the air inlet.

4. The device for relieving craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure bladder is made of rubber, and the fixing cover is made of polyethylene.

5. The device for relieving craniocerebral collapse after craniectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bonding portion and the extrusion portion are bonded together with light-cured acrylic adhesive.

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