Activated carbon desorption vapor dynamic precision regulation system and control method

Abstract

The application provides a dynamic precise regulation and control system and control method for steam desorption of activated carbon, comprising a plurality of regeneration adsorption tanks, steam regulating valves, valves, gas detectors and a control system; the regeneration adsorption tank comprises an activated carbon assembly, an adsorption inlet, an adsorption outlet, a desorption inlet and a desorption outlet, and the activated carbon assembly is arranged inside the regeneration adsorption tank; the valves are arranged at the adsorption inlet, the adsorption outlet, the desorption inlet and the desorption outlet respectively; the steam regulating valves are communicated with the plurality of regeneration adsorption tanks, the steam passes through the steam regulating valves, then passes through the valves at the desorption inlets, and finally enters the corresponding regeneration adsorption tanks; the gas detectors are arranged at least at the adsorption inlets, the adsorption outlets and the bottoms of the regeneration adsorption tanks, and are respectively used for detecting the inlet gas parameters and the outlet gas parameters and the waste gas concentration remaining in the regeneration adsorption tank after desorption; and the control system is electrically connected with the steam regulating valves, the valves and the gas detectors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of activated carbon regeneration technology, specifically relating to a dynamic and precise control system and method for activated carbon desorption steam. Background Technology

[0002] Activated carbon adsorption is a mainstream technology for the treatment of industrial volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Its desorption process generally employs steam thermal regeneration, specifically using steam to desorb the adsorbates from the activated carbon. Steam enters from the top of the desorption unit, heating the activated carbon bed and desorbing the adsorbed organic matter. The resulting mixed steam is condensed to recover the liquid mixture, which is then separated and reused by an oil-water separator.

[0003] Current control strategies are mainly divided into two categories. One is the timed desorption mode, which starts desorption after running for a fixed number of hours, ignoring the actual matching adsorption load. The other is constant flow steam control, which continuously supplies steam according to the maximum design load, causing excessive injection during low load periods.

[0004] However, VOC emissions from industries such as printing and pharmaceuticals fluctuate depending on operating conditions, with concentration differences between peak and trough periods exceeding 10 times. Timed desorption strategies cannot adapt to these fluctuating conditions. Furthermore, existing gas sensors (such as PID / FID) can only detect instantaneous concentrations and cannot perform real-time statistics and calculations on the cumulative adsorption amount over a certain period. This results in the inability to desorb based on the actual adsorption amount, meaning the desorption steam volume cannot be adjusted according to the VOC adsorption amount, failing to achieve "on-demand allocation." Consequently, this leads to excessive steam supply at low loads and incomplete desorption at high loads, affecting not only the activated carbon desorption and regeneration effect but also causing energy waste and increasing desorption costs.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a steam on-demand regulation technology based on VOC adsorption capacity to break through the crude control paradigm of "timed / quantitative" control and achieve precise steam supply, which is of great significance for practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in existing technologies where the steam volume for activated carbon desorption cannot be adjusted on demand according to the VOC adsorption amount, resulting in unsatisfactory activated carbon desorption effects and excessive energy supply. Therefore, this invention provides a dynamic and precise steam control system and method for activated carbon desorption.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solution: A dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam includes several regeneration adsorption tanks, steam regulating valves, valves, gas detectors, and a control system. The regeneration adsorption tank includes an activated carbon assembly, an adsorption inlet, an adsorption outlet, a desorption inlet, and a desorption outlet, with the activated carbon assembly disposed inside the regeneration adsorption tank. The valves are respectively installed at the adsorption inlet, the adsorption outlet, the desorption inlet, and the desorption outlet; The steam regulating valve is connected to several of the regeneration adsorption tanks respectively. The steam passes through the steam regulating valve, then through the valve at the desorption inlet, and finally enters the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank. The gas detector is installed at least at the adsorption inlet, the adsorption outlet, and the bottom of the regeneration adsorption tank, and is used to detect the inlet gas parameters, the outlet gas parameters, and the concentration of waste gas remaining in the regeneration adsorption tank after desorption. The control system is electrically connected to the steam regulating valve, the valve, and the gas detector; The control system receives detection data from the gas detector, determines the real-time adsorption amount of waste gas in the regeneration adsorption tank and the required desorption steam amount based on the detection data, and controls the opening and closing of the corresponding valves based on the real-time adsorption amount of waste gas and the desorption steam amount so that the regeneration adsorption tank enters the desorption mode. Then, after the desorption mode ends, the desorption steam amount for the next desorption mode is adjusted based on the residual waste gas concentration in the regeneration adsorption tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the calculation formula used in the control system includes: ; Where S is the amount of desorption steam; k α M is the dynamic constant; VOC Real-time integration of waste gas adsorption; ;

[0009] Q in Q is the intake airflow rate; out C is the airflow rate. in Intake concentration; C out This refers to the concentration of the emitted gas.

[0010] Furthermore, the calculation formula also includes: ;

[0011] Where k α The dynamic constant is α; α is an integer greater than or equal to 1, representing the number of desorption cycles in the regeneration adsorption tank; C n C represents the residual exhaust gas concentration; C is the preset target value for the residual exhaust gas concentration. When α=1, k0=1, where k0 is the initial value of the dynamic constant; After the desorption mode ends, the control system adjusts the dynamic constant according to the residual waste gas concentration in the regeneration adsorption tank, and then adjusts the amount of desorption steam required for the next desorption. The k α The adjustment range is 0.6-1.5.

[0012] Furthermore, the regeneration adsorption tank also includes a cooling spray system, which is located above the activated carbon assembly and is used to regulate the temperature of the activated carbon assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the adsorption inlet and desorption outlet are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower end of the regeneration adsorption tank, and the desorption inlet and adsorption outlet are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the regeneration adsorption tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the valve includes an adsorption shut-off valve and a desorption regulating valve; wherein the adsorption shut-off valve is respectively disposed at the adsorption inlet and the adsorption outlet; and the desorption regulating valve is respectively disposed at the desorption inlet and the desorption outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, several of the aforementioned regeneration adsorption tanks are arranged in parallel, and the number of the regeneration adsorption tanks is n+2, which are used to simultaneously adsorb and desorb waste gas; where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The number of regeneration adsorption tanks is n+2. When adsorbing waste gas, at least one regeneration adsorption tank desorbs the waste gas, and one regeneration adsorption tank is cooled and kept in reserve; where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The number of regeneration adsorption tanks is n+2. When desorbing waste gas, at least one of the regeneration adsorption tanks adsorbs the waste gas, and one of the regeneration adsorption tanks is cooled and kept in reserve; where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The regeneration adsorption tank is used in an alternating cycle of adsorption, desorption, and cooling modes.

[0016] A control method for a dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam includes the following: (1) The waste gas enters several parallel regeneration adsorption tanks through the valve at the adsorption inlet. The preset adsorption volume of the regeneration adsorption tank is M0. The gas detector detects and records the inlet and outlet parameters of each individual regeneration adsorption tank. The control system calculates the real-time integral M of the waste gas adsorption according to the preset formula. VOC When M VOC When the set value is reached, the adsorption cut-off valve is closed, the desorption regulating valve is opened, and the desorption program of the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank is started. (2) The control system is based on M VOCThe desorption steam quantity is calculated using a preset formula. The steam regulating valve is opened, and the control system precisely controls the opening of the steam regulating valve and the desorption regulating valve. Steam with the same amount of desorption steam is sequentially passed through the steam regulating valve and the desorption regulating valve into the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank to complete the desorption. (3) After desorption is completed, the control system adjusts the preset formula dynamic constant according to the residual waste gas concentration in the regeneration adsorption tank to precisely optimize the amount of steam for the next desorption.

[0017] Furthermore, when M VOC When M0 is ≥ 0.8, close the adsorption cut-off valve, open the desorption regulating valve, and start the desorption program of the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank.

[0018] Furthermore, after the regenerated adsorption tank that has completed desorption is cooled and ready for use, it enters the adsorption process. When M VOC When the set value is reached or the adsorption time reaches the set value, the desorption process will resume.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention sets up a control system to dynamically quantify and match the amount of VOCs adsorption and the amount of steam, thereby achieving accurate control of the amount of desorption steam based on the amount of VOCs adsorbed in real time, ensuring energy saving and reducing consumption, reducing steam supply errors, and significantly reducing steam energy consumption; at the same time, it accurately controls the amount of desorption steam based on the amount of VOCs adsorption, greatly improving the activated carbon desorption rate, avoiding the problem of instantaneous overload caused by control response lag, and solving the problems of incomplete activated carbon desorption and steam energy waste in the prior art.

[0020] (2) This invention realizes precise on-demand control of steam supply based on the amount of waste gas adsorption. It constructs a dynamic constant self-learning closed-loop mechanism based on the feedback of residual concentration after desorption, realizes the dynamic constant's dynamic evolution in adaptability to working conditions, avoids the long-term control failure problem caused by the solidification of empirical parameters, ensures that the amount of desorption steam output by the control system is closely related to the performance of activated carbon, eliminates the problem of steam energy waste caused by the decline in the performance of activated carbon, and at the same time, the reasonable and accurate amount of desorption steam also greatly improves the service life of activated carbon, so that the performance and service life of activated carbon can be quantified through dynamic constant, thereby facilitating the replacement of activated carbon components at the appropriate time, and ensuring that the overall system adsorption and desorption performance meets the standards.

[0021] (3) By using multiple regenerated adsorption tanks in parallel, this invention enables simultaneous adsorption and desorption in the overall system, avoiding the impact of activated carbon desorption on the adsorption conditions, and achieving uninterrupted adsorption-desorption treatment. It also avoids the downtime of the buffer device due to equipment failure or sudden situations, thus avoiding resource waste and safety risks. The range of air volume that can be treated is wider. The overall system design is reasonable and simple, equipped with an automated control system, and the intelligent control system is automatically adjusted according to the performance of activated carbon. It can be widely used in VOCs waste gas treatment in various industrial production scenarios.

[0022] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below can be considered part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure, provided that such concepts do not contradict each other.

[0023] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the teachings of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the invention, such as features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will become apparent from the following description or may be learned through practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures can be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the invention. Other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the following figures without inventive effort: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the activated carbon desorption steam dynamic precision control system in this embodiment of the invention.

[0025] Legend: 1. First regeneration adsorption tank; 1-1. First adsorption inlet; 1-2. First adsorption outlet; 1-3. First desorption inlet; 1-4. First desorption outlet; 1-5. First adsorption inlet gas detector; 1-6. First adsorption outlet gas detector; 1-7. First adsorption inlet shut-off valve; 1-8. First adsorption outlet shut-off valve; 1-9. First desorption inlet regulating valve; 1-10. First desorption outlet regulating valve; 1-11. First regeneration adsorption tank gas detector; 1-12. First activated carbon assembly; 1-13. First cooling spray system; 1-14. First insulation structure; 2. Second regeneration adsorption tank; 2-1. Second adsorption inlet; 2-2. Second adsorption outlet; 2-3. Second desorption inlet; 2-4. Second desorption outlet; 2-5. Second adsorption inlet gas detector; 2-6. Second adsorption outlet gas detector; 2-7. Second adsorption inlet shut-off valve; 2-8. Second adsorption outlet shut-off valve; 2-9. Second desorption inlet regulating valve; 2-10. Second desorption outlet regulating valve; 2-11. Second regeneration adsorption tank gas detector; 2-12. Second activated carbon assembly; 2-13. Second cooling spray system; 2-14. Second insulation structure; 3. Third regeneration adsorption tank; 3-1. Third adsorption inlet; 3-2. Third adsorption outlet; 3-3. Third desorption inlet; 3-4. Third desorption outlet; 3-5. Gas detector at the third adsorption inlet; 3-6. Gas detector at the third adsorption outlet; 3-7. Shut-off valve at the third adsorption inlet; 3-8. Shut-off valve at the third adsorption outlet; 3-9. Regulating valve at the third desorption inlet; 3-10. Regulating valve at the third desorption outlet; 3-11. Gas detector for the third regeneration adsorption tank; 3-12. Third activated carbon assembly; 3-13. Third cooling spray system; 3-14. Third insulation structure; 4. Steam regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art.

[0027] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in the specification and claims of this patent application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms of "an," "a," or "the," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" indicate that the element or object preceding "comprising" encompasses the features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components listed following "comprising" or "including," and do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or sets thereof. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0028] See attached document Figure 1 This embodiment provides a schematic diagram of a dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam, specifically including: a first regeneration adsorption tank 1, a second regeneration adsorption tank 2, a third regeneration adsorption tank 3, a steam regulating valve 4, and a control system.

[0029] The first regeneration adsorption tank 1 is provided with a first desorption inlet 1-3 and a first adsorption outlet 1-2 on the upper side, and a first adsorption inlet 1-1 and a first desorption inlet 1-4 on the lower side, wherein the inlets and outlets corresponding to adsorption and desorption are symmetrically arranged in opposite directions.

[0030] An adsorption shut-off valve is installed at the adsorption inlet and the suction outlet, and a desorption regulating valve is installed at the desorption inlet and the desorption outlet.

[0031] A first adsorption inlet shut-off valve 1-7 and a first adsorption outlet shut-off valve 1-8 are respectively provided at the first adsorption inlet 1-1 and the first adsorption outlet 1-2; a first desorption inlet regulating valve 1-9 and a first desorption outlet regulating valve 1-10 are respectively provided at the first desorption inlet 1-3 and the first desorption inlet 1-4.

[0032] A first adsorption inlet gas detector 1-5 and a first adsorption outlet gas detector 1-6 are respectively installed at the first adsorption inlet 1-1 and the first adsorption outlet 1-2, respectively, to detect the inlet and outlet parameters of the waste gas, including gas concentration and flow rate.

[0033] The first activated carbon assembly 1-12 is provided in the middle of the first regeneration adsorption tank 1.

[0034] The first activated carbon assembly 1-12 includes an activated carbon layer and a supporting grid. The activated carbon layer is at least 0.5m high and is placed above the supporting grid. The supporting grid is welded to the bottom plate inside the first regeneration adsorption tank 1 by means of support legs.

[0035] The bottom of the first regeneration adsorption tank 1 is equipped with a first regeneration adsorption tank gas detector 1-11, which is specifically installed in the gas collection chamber below the support grid. It is used to detect the concentration of residual gas in the tank after desorption.

[0036] The first regeneration adsorption tank 1 is equipped with a first cooling spray system 1-13, which is located above the first activated carbon component 1-12. When the temperature of the activated carbon layer exceeds the safe temperature during adsorption or desorption, the first cooling spray system 1-13 is activated to reduce the temperature of the activated carbon layer.

[0037] Specifically, when the activated carbon adsorption temperature exceeds 83 ℃ and the desorption temperature exceeds 120 ℃, the first cooling spray system 1-13 is activated to reduce the temperature of the activated carbon layer. The safe temperature can be set according to the actual working conditions.

[0038] The first cooling spray system 1-13 includes a water inlet pipe, a nozzle, and a spray pipe. The nozzle is located above the first activated carbon assembly 1-12 and is connected to an external spray water / air source through the spray pipe and the water inlet pipe to adjust the overheating problem of the activated carbon layer.

[0039] The first regeneration adsorption tank 1 includes an outer shell and a heat insulation plate. A first heat insulation structure 1-14 is provided between the outer shell and the heat insulation plate. The material includes heat insulation cotton such as ceramic fiber blocks, which is used to ensure that the outer surface of the tank does not exceed 60 ℃.

[0040] The second regeneration adsorption tank 2 and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 have the same structure as the first regeneration adsorption tank 1 and are arranged in parallel.

[0041] The second regeneration adsorption tank 2 is provided with a second desorption inlet 2-3 and a second adsorption outlet 2-2 on the upper side, and a second adsorption inlet 2-1 and a second desorption inlet 2-4 on the lower side, wherein the inlets and outlets corresponding to adsorption and desorption are symmetrically arranged in opposite directions.

[0042] A second adsorption inlet shut-off valve 2-7 and a second adsorption outlet shut-off valve 2-8 are respectively provided at the second adsorption inlet 2-1 and the second adsorption outlet 2-2; a second desorption inlet regulating valve 2-9 and a second desorption outlet regulating valve 2-10 are respectively provided at the second desorption inlet 2-3 and the second desorption inlet 2-4.

[0043] A second adsorption inlet gas detector 2-5 and a second adsorption outlet gas detector 2-6 are respectively installed at the second adsorption inlet 2-1 and the second adsorption outlet 2-2, which are used to detect the inlet and outlet parameters of the waste gas, including gas concentration and flow rate.

[0044] The second regeneration adsorption tank 2 is equipped with a second activated carbon component 2-12 in the middle.

[0045] The second activated carbon assembly 2-12 includes an activated carbon layer and a supporting grid. The activated carbon layer is at least 0.5m high and is placed above the supporting grid. The supporting grid is welded to the bottom plate inside the second regeneration adsorption tank 2 by means of support legs.

[0046] The bottom of the second regeneration adsorption tank 2 is equipped with a second regeneration adsorption tank gas detector 2-11, which is specifically installed in the gas collection chamber below the support grid. It is used to detect the concentration of residual gas in the tank after desorption.

[0047] The second regeneration adsorption tank 2 is equipped with a second cooling spray system 2-13, which is located above the second activated carbon component 2-12. When the temperature of the activated carbon layer exceeds the safety limit during adsorption or desorption, the second cooling spray system 2-13 is activated to reduce the temperature of the activated carbon layer.

[0048] The second cooling spray system 2-13 includes a water inlet pipe, nozzles, and a spray pipe. The nozzles are located above the second activated carbon component 2-12 and are connected to an external spray water / air source through the spray pipe and the water inlet pipe to adjust the overheating problem of the activated carbon layer.

[0049] The second regeneration adsorption tank 2 includes an outer shell and a heat insulation plate. A second heat insulation structure 2-14 is provided between the outer shell and the heat insulation plate. The material includes heat insulation cotton such as ceramic fiber blocks, which is used to ensure that the outer surface of the tank does not exceed 60 ℃.

[0050] The third regeneration adsorption tank 3 is provided with a third desorption inlet 3-3 and a third adsorption outlet 3-2 on the upper side, and a third adsorption inlet 3-1 and a third desorption inlet 3-4 on the lower side, wherein the inlets and outlets corresponding to adsorption and desorption are symmetrically arranged in opposite directions.

[0051] A third adsorption inlet shut-off valve 3-7 and a third adsorption outlet shut-off valve 3-8 are respectively installed at the third adsorption inlet 3-1 and the third adsorption outlet 3-2; a third desorption inlet regulating valve 3-9 and a third desorption outlet regulating valve 3-10 are respectively installed at the third desorption inlet 3-3 and the third desorption inlet 3-4.

[0052] A third adsorption inlet gas detector 3-5 and a third adsorption outlet gas detector 3-6 are respectively installed at the third adsorption inlet 3-1 and the third adsorption outlet 3-2, respectively, to detect the inlet and outlet parameters of the waste gas, including gas concentration and flow rate.

[0053] The third regeneration adsorption tank 3 is equipped with a third activated carbon component 3-12 in the middle.

[0054] The third activated carbon assembly 3-12 includes an activated carbon layer and a supporting grid. The activated carbon layer is at least 0.5m high and is placed above the supporting grid. The supporting grid is welded to the bottom plate inside the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 by means of support legs.

[0055] The bottom of the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 is equipped with a third regeneration adsorption tank gas detector 3-11, which is specifically installed in the gas collection chamber below the support grid. It is used to detect the concentration of residual gas in the tank after desorption.

[0056] The third regeneration adsorption tank 3 is equipped with a third cooling spray system 3-13, which is located above the third activated carbon component 3-12. When the temperature of the activated carbon layer exceeds the safety limit during adsorption or desorption, the third cooling spray system 3-13 is activated to reduce the temperature of the activated carbon layer.

[0057] The third cooling spray system 3-13 includes a water inlet pipe, nozzles, and a spray pipe. The nozzles are located above the third activated carbon component 3-12 and are connected to an external spray water / air source through the spray pipe and the water inlet pipe to adjust the overheating problem of the activated carbon layer.

[0058] The third regeneration adsorption tank 3 includes an outer shell and a heat insulation plate. A third heat insulation structure 3-14 is provided between the outer shell and the heat insulation plate. The material includes heat insulation cotton such as ceramic fiber blocks, which is used to ensure that the outer surface of the tank does not exceed 60 ℃.

[0059] The gas detectors mentioned above are used to detect the concentration of passing gases in real time. Commercially available gas detectors or sensors can be used, including but not limited to photoionization detectors (PID), portable flame ionization detectors (FID), and lower limit combustible gas detectors (LEL).

[0060] The exhaust gas enters the regeneration adsorption tank, which initiates the adsorption process, through pipelines from the pretreatment system. The adsorption process is controlled by the adsorption inlet shut-off valve. After pretreatment, the exhaust gas enters the regeneration adsorption tank through the adsorption inlet at the bottom, passes through the activated carbon assembly, and exits the tank through the adsorption outlet at the top. It then flows through pipelines to the fan and is discharged externally.

[0061] The pretreatment system employs conventional technologies in the field to pretreat the exhaust gas from the waste gas source, which will not be elaborated here.

[0062] The above-mentioned cooling spray system uses conventional technology in this field, which will not be described in detail here.

[0063] Superheated steam is introduced from the steam source and delivered to the overall system through the steam main. A steam regulating valve 4 is installed on the steam main to control the total amount of steam entering the system. The output end of the steam main is connected to the first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 via steam branch lines. Steam enters the tank body through the desorption inlet regulating valve. The total amount of steam in the system is adjusted by the opening of the steam regulating valve, and then the amount of steam entering the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank is controlled by the opening of the desorption inlet regulating valve.

[0064] Steam enters the regeneration adsorption tank from the top and passes downward through the activated carbon assembly. Under steam purging, the organic matter adsorbed by the activated carbon is desorbed from its interior. The organic matter vapor containing water vapor leaves the tank from the desorption outlet at the bottom and is fed into the desorption cooling system through a pipeline.

[0065] The desorption and cooling system employs conventional technology in the field, specifically including a condenser, which converts organic vapor containing water vapor from a gaseous state to a liquid state, facilitating subsequent recycling and reuse. Details will not be elaborated here.

[0066] The control system is electrically connected to the steam regulating valve, desorption inlet regulating valve, desorption outlet regulating valve, adsorption inlet shut-off valve, adsorption outlet shut-off valve, gas detector, and cooling spray system, and can accept data detected by the gas detector.

[0067] Specifically, a PLC control system is adopted. Through data synchronous transmission and edge computing to receive data packets, the PLC control system calculates the real-time adsorption capacity of activated carbon and the required desorption steam volume according to the preset formula. It controls the valve opening of the steam regulating valve and the desorption inlet regulating valve, and introduces the corresponding amount of desorption steam into the regeneration adsorption tank. After the desorption is completed, the regeneration adsorption tank is dried and cooled. The dynamic constant of the preset formula is adjusted according to the residual waste gas concentration in the tank, thereby realizing the dynamic mapping of the desorption steam volume based on the waste gas adsorption capacity, and then the optimization adjustment of the parameter self-learning closed loop.

[0068] In some optional embodiments, the control system has n+2 (where n is an integer ≥1) regeneration adsorption tanks connected in parallel, wherein at least one or more regeneration adsorption tanks can simultaneously enter the adsorption or desorption process. For example, n regeneration adsorption tanks enter the adsorption process, 1 regeneration adsorption tank enters the desorption process, and 1 regeneration adsorption tank is cooled and ready for use; or n regeneration adsorption tanks enter the desorption process, 1 regeneration adsorption tank enters the adsorption process, and 1 regeneration adsorption tank is cooled and ready for use. The specific configuration can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions and requirements.

[0069] Each regeneration adsorption tank has its own desorption steam quantity calculated by the control system, thereby optimizing the dynamic constant.

[0070] See attached document Figure 2The control method of the above-mentioned activated carbon desorption steam dynamic precision control system includes the following: (1) The waste gas enters several parallel regeneration adsorption tanks through the valve at the adsorption inlet. The preset adsorption volume of the regeneration adsorption tank is M0. The gas detector detects and records the inlet and outlet parameters of each individual regeneration adsorption tank. The control system calculates the real-time integral M of the waste gas adsorption according to the preset formula. VOC When M VOC When the set value is reached, the adsorption cut-off valve is closed, the desorption regulating valve is opened, and the desorption program of the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank is started. (2) The control system is based on M VOC The desorption steam quantity is calculated using a preset formula. The steam regulating valve is opened, and the control system precisely controls the opening of the steam regulating valve and the desorption regulating valve. Steam with the same amount of desorption steam is sequentially passed through the steam regulating valve and the desorption regulating valve into the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank to complete the desorption. (3) After desorption is completed, the control system adjusts the preset formula dynamic constant according to the residual waste gas concentration in the regeneration adsorption tank to precisely optimize the amount of steam for the next desorption.

[0071] When M VOC When M0 is ≥ 0.8, close the adsorption shut-off valve, open the desorption regulating valve, and start the desorption program of the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank.

[0072] Specifically, M VOC The setpoint is usually set to 0.8 M0. When the dynamic adsorption capacity of activated carbon drops to 80% of the design value, the activated carbon needs to be replaced. Alternatively, M can be set according to actual operating conditions. VOC Setting value.

[0073] The preset formulas include: ;

[0074] Where S is the amount of desorption steam; k α M is a dynamic constant. VOC This is the real-time integral of waste gas adsorption.

[0075] ; Q in Q is the intake airflow rate; out C is the airflow rate. in Intake concentration; C out This refers to the concentration of the emitted gas.

[0076] ; Where k α C is a dynamic constant; α is an integer greater than or equal to 1, representing the number of desorption cycles in the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank; nC represents the residual exhaust gas concentration; C is the preset target value for the residual exhaust gas concentration, which can be set according to emission limits.

[0077] When α=1, k0=1, where k0 is the initial value of the dynamic constant. That is, during the initial desorption, k can be preset to k0, and the required steam volume is calculated based on k0. After desorption, the value of k0 is adjusted according to the residual waste gas concentration to obtain the dynamic constant k1. During the second desorption, the required steam volume is calculated based on k1, and after desorption, the value of k1 is adjusted according to the residual waste gas concentration to obtain the dynamic constant k2, which is then used in the third desorption procedure. This allows the preset formula dynamic constant of the control system to achieve self-learning and dynamic evolution, adapting to operating conditions and activated carbon adsorption performance.

[0078] To prevent over-regulation, k is set. α The adjustment range is 0.6-1.5.

[0079] After the regenerated adsorption tank has completed desorption and cooled for standby, it enters the adsorption process. When M VOC When the set value or adsorption time is reached, the desorption process is restarted to achieve a cycle of adsorption-desorption.

[0080] Specifically, when a single regeneration adsorption tank completes its desorption process and enters the adsorption process, other parallel regeneration adsorption tanks also cycle through the adsorption-desorption-cooling mode using the same method. When more than one regeneration adsorption tank enters the desorption process, the amount of steam introduced through the steam regulating valve is the sum of the desorption steam amounts calculated by the control system. The amount of steam entering the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank is controlled by adjusting the opening of the desorption regulating valve. The control system adjusts the preset formula dynamic constant for each individual regeneration adsorption tank to achieve precise control of the desorption steam amount for that tank. Furthermore, after each desorption process, the dynamic constant in the corresponding preset formula is optimized to ensure dynamic and precise control of the desorption steam amount based on the activated carbon's lifespan.

[0081] Example 1 A dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam, the apparatus of which is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown.

[0082] The waste gas source continuously emits organic waste gas with stable concentration, and the waste gas volume is 10,000 m³ / h. 3 / h, exhaust gas concentration is approximately 200-250 mg / m³ 3 The first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 have the same specifications and parameters, with a preset adsorption volume M0 of 120 kg and a desorption setting of 96 kg.

[0083] According to the appendix Figure 2As shown in the diagram, upon normal startup of the adsorption program, the first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 enter the adsorption program. The control system reads the gas detectors at the first adsorption inlet (1-5), the first adsorption outlet (1-6), the second adsorption inlet (2-5), the second adsorption outlet (2-6), the third adsorption inlet (3-5), and the third adsorption outlet (3-6), and calculates the real-time integral M of waste gas adsorption for each regeneration adsorption tank according to a preset formula. VOC。

[0084] When the waste gas adsorption in the first regeneration adsorption tank 1 is integrated in real time M VOC Once the desorption setpoint is reached, the desorption program starts normally, based on the dynamic constant k. α With an initial value of k0 = 1, the amount of desorption steam S is calculated. The steam proportional regulating valve 4 is opened to the corresponding opening degree, and the opening degree of the first desorption inlet regulating valves 1-9 is adjusted to deliver the corresponding amount of steam into the first regeneration adsorption tank 1.

[0085] Two hours after desorption is complete, the control system automatically adjusts the corresponding k based on the concentration of residual exhaust gas in the tank. α The first regeneration adsorption tank 1 re-enters the adsorption process after drying and cooling. During this period, the real-time integral M of the exhaust gas adsorption in the second regeneration adsorption tank 2 is... VOC Once the desorption setpoint is reached, the desorption process begins using the method described above. After desorption is complete, k is automatically adjusted based on the residual exhaust gas concentration. α k α The value is the same for the third regeneration adsorption tank 3.

[0086] The gas detectors include the FID and mass flow controller models, which can detect gas concentration and flow rate.

[0087] The entire system has been running stably for more than a week without any abnormalities, and the emissions all meet environmental protection requirements. The dynamic constant of the regeneration adsorption tank has been adjusted normally.

[0088] Example 2 A dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam, the apparatus of which is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown.

[0089] The waste gas source exhibits fluctuating emissions of organic waste gas with stable concentrations, and the waste gas volume is 25,000 m³ / h. 3 / h, the exhaust gas concentration is approximately 300-1200 mg / m³ 3 The parameters of the first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 are the same, with a preset adsorption volume M0 of 305 kg and a desorption setting of 280 kg.

[0090] According to the appendix Figure 2As shown in the diagram, upon normal startup of the adsorption program, the first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 enter the adsorption program. The control system reads the gas detectors at the first adsorption inlet (1-5), the first adsorption outlet (1-6), the second adsorption inlet (2-5), the second adsorption outlet (2-6), the third adsorption inlet (3-5), and the third adsorption outlet (3-6), and calculates the real-time integral M of waste gas adsorption for each regeneration adsorption tank according to a preset formula. VOC。

[0091] When the waste gas adsorption in the first regeneration adsorption tank 1 is integrated in real time M VOC Once the desorption setpoint is reached, the desorption program starts normally, based on the dynamic constant k. α With an initial value of k0 = 1, the amount of desorption steam S is calculated. The steam proportional regulating valve 4 is opened to the corresponding opening degree, and the opening degree of the first desorption inlet regulating valves 1-9 is adjusted to deliver the corresponding amount of steam into the first regeneration adsorption tank 1.

[0092] Two hours after desorption is complete, the control system automatically adjusts the corresponding k based on the concentration of residual exhaust gas in the tank. α The first regeneration adsorption tank 1 re-enters the adsorption process after drying and cooling. During this period, the real-time integral M of the exhaust gas adsorption in the second regeneration adsorption tank 2 is... VOC Once the desorption setpoint is reached, the desorption process begins using the method described above. After desorption is complete, k is automatically adjusted based on the residual exhaust gas concentration. α k α The value is the same for the third regeneration adsorption tank 3.

[0093] The gas detectors include the FID and mass flow controller models, which can detect gas concentration and flow rate.

[0094] The entire system has been running stably for more than a week without any abnormalities, and the emissions all meet environmental protection requirements. The dynamic constant of the regeneration adsorption tank has been adjusted normally.

[0095] Example 3 A dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam, the apparatus of which is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown.

[0096] The waste gas source continuously emits organic waste gas with stable concentration, and the waste gas volume is 5000 m³ / h. 3 / h, the exhaust gas concentration is approximately 400-450 mg / m³ 3 The first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 have the same specifications and parameters. Based on actual working conditions, timed desorption is adopted, that is, the desorption process begins after half a day of adsorption.

[0097] According to the appendix Figure 2As shown in the diagram, upon normal startup of the adsorption program, the first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 enter the adsorption program. The control system reads the gas detectors at the first adsorption inlet (1-5), the first adsorption outlet (1-6), the second adsorption inlet (2-5), the second adsorption outlet (2-6), the third adsorption inlet (3-5), and the third adsorption outlet (3-6), and calculates the real-time integral M of waste gas adsorption for each regeneration adsorption tank according to a preset formula. VOC。

[0098] When the adsorption time reaches the set value, the desorption process starts normally, based on the dynamic constant k. α With an initial value of k0 = 1, calculate the desorption steam volume S corresponding to the first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 respectively. Open the steam proportional regulating valve 4 to the corresponding opening degree and introduce the total amount of desorption steam required for the three regeneration adsorption tanks. Then, adjust the valve openings of the first desorption inlet regulating valve 1-9, the second desorption inlet regulating valve 2-9, and the third desorption inlet regulating valve 3-9 respectively to deliver the corresponding amount of steam into the first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 respectively.

[0099] Two hours after desorption is complete, the control system automatically adjusts the corresponding k values ​​for the first regeneration adsorption tank 1, the second regeneration adsorption tank 2, and the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 based on the residual waste gas concentration in the tanks. α After drying and cooling, the first regeneration adsorption tank 1 and the second regeneration adsorption tank 2 re-enter the adsorption process, while the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 is cooled and ready for use.

[0100] After the first regeneration adsorption tank 1 and the second regeneration adsorption tank 2 enter the desorption process, the third regeneration adsorption tank 3 enters the adsorption process, and so on.

[0101] The gas detectors include the FID and mass flow controller models, which can detect gas concentration and flow rate.

[0102] The entire system has been running stably for more than a week without any abnormalities, and the emissions all meet environmental protection requirements. The dynamic constant of the regeneration adsorption tank has been adjusted normally.

[0103] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

[0104] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. Technical details not described in detail in this invention can all be implemented using any existing technology in the art. In particular, all technical features not described in detail in this invention can be implemented using any existing technology.

Claims

1. A dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam, characterized in that, It includes several regeneration adsorption tanks, steam regulating valves, valves, gas detectors, and control systems; The regeneration adsorption tank includes an activated carbon assembly, an adsorption inlet, an adsorption outlet, a desorption inlet, and a desorption outlet, with the activated carbon assembly disposed inside the regeneration adsorption tank. The valves are respectively installed at the adsorption inlet, the adsorption outlet, the desorption inlet, and the desorption outlet; The steam regulating valve is connected to several of the regeneration adsorption tanks respectively. The steam passes through the steam regulating valve, then through the valve at the desorption inlet, and finally enters the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank. The gas detector is installed at least at the adsorption inlet, the adsorption outlet, and the bottom of the regeneration adsorption tank, and is used to detect the inlet gas parameters, the outlet gas parameters, and the concentration of waste gas remaining in the regeneration adsorption tank after desorption. The control system is electrically connected to the steam regulating valve, the valve, and the gas detector; The control system receives the detection data from the gas detector, determines the real-time adsorption amount of the waste gas in the regeneration adsorption tank and the required amount of desorption steam based on the detection data, and controls the opening and closing of the corresponding valves based on the real-time adsorption amount of the waste gas and the amount of desorption steam so that the regeneration adsorption tank enters the desorption mode. After the desorption mode ends, the amount of desorption steam for the next desorption mode is adjusted based on the residual waste gas concentration in the regeneration adsorption tank. The calculation formulas used in the control system include: ； Where S is the amount of desorption steam; k α M is a dynamic constant; VOC Real-time integration of waste gas adsorption; ； Q in Q represents the intake airflow rate. out C is the airflow rate. in Intake concentration; C out The concentration of the exhaust gas; ； Where k α The dynamic constant is α; α is an integer greater than or equal to 1, representing the number of desorption cycles in the regeneration adsorption tank; C n C represents the residual exhaust gas concentration; C is the preset target value for the residual exhaust gas concentration. When α=1, k0=1, and k0 is the initial value of the dynamic constant.

2. The activated carbon desorption steam dynamic precision control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the desorption mode ends, the control system adjusts the dynamic constant based on the residual waste gas concentration in the regeneration adsorption tank, and then adjusts the amount of desorption steam required for the next desorption.

3. The activated carbon desorption steam dynamic precision control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The k α The adjustment range is 0.6-1.

5.

4. The activated carbon desorption steam dynamic precision control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regeneration adsorption tank also includes a cooling spray system, which is located above the activated carbon assembly and is used to regulate the temperature of the activated carbon assembly.

5. The activated carbon desorption steam dynamic precision control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption inlet and desorption outlet are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower end of the regeneration adsorption tank, and the desorption inlet and adsorption outlet are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the regeneration adsorption tank.

6. The activated carbon desorption steam dynamic precision control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The valve includes an adsorption shut-off valve and a desorption regulating valve; wherein the adsorption shut-off valve is respectively located at the adsorption inlet and the adsorption outlet; and the desorption regulating valve is respectively located at the desorption inlet and the desorption outlet.

7. The activated carbon desorption steam dynamic precision control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several of the aforementioned regeneration adsorption tanks are arranged in parallel, and the number of the regeneration adsorption tanks is n+2, which are used to simultaneously adsorb and desorb waste gas; where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The number of regeneration adsorption tanks is n+2. When adsorbing waste gas, at least one regeneration adsorption tank desorbs the waste gas, and one regeneration adsorption tank is cooled and kept in reserve; where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The number of regeneration adsorption tanks is n+2. When desorbing waste gas, at least one of the regeneration adsorption tanks adsorbs the waste gas, and one of the regeneration adsorption tanks is cooled and kept in reserve; where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The regeneration adsorption tank is used in an alternating cycle of adsorption, desorption, and cooling modes.

8. A control method for a dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam as described in any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, The control method includes the following: (1) The waste gas enters several parallel regeneration adsorption tanks through the valve at the adsorption inlet. The preset adsorption volume of the regeneration adsorption tank is M0. The gas detector detects and records the inlet and outlet parameters of each individual regeneration adsorption tank. The control system calculates the real-time integral M of the waste gas adsorption according to the preset formula. VOC When M VOC When the set value is reached, the adsorption cut-off valve is closed, the desorption regulating valve is opened, and the desorption program of the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank is started. (2) The control system is based on M VOC The desorption steam quantity is calculated using a preset formula. The steam regulating valve is opened, and the control system precisely controls the opening of the steam regulating valve and the desorption regulating valve. Steam with the same amount of desorption steam is sequentially passed through the steam regulating valve and the desorption regulating valve into the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank to complete the desorption. (3) After desorption is completed, the control system adjusts the preset formula dynamic constant according to the residual waste gas concentration in the regeneration adsorption tank to precisely optimize the amount of desorption steam for the next time.

9. The control method for a dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam according to claim 8, characterized in that, When M VOC When M0 is ≥ 0.8, close the adsorption cut-off valve, open the desorption regulating valve, and start the desorption program of the corresponding regeneration adsorption tank.

10. The control method for a dynamic and precise control system for activated carbon desorption steam according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the regeneration adsorption tank has completed desorption and cooled for standby, it enters the adsorption process. When M VOC When the set value is reached or the adsorption time reaches the set value, the desorption process will resume.

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