Artificial forest water deficit monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a man-made forest water deficit monitoring system and method, and relates to the technical field of forestry monitoring, the man-made forest water deficit monitoring system comprises a plurality of sleeves arranged at the lower end of a tree trunk at each monitoring point in a sleeving mode, and the bottom of each sleeve is provided with a burying fixing frame used for being buried in soil and collecting soil water data; the top of the sleeve is provided with a tree bottom shooting assembly used for collecting images of the bottom of a tree crown. The bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a tree top shooting assembly used for collecting images of the top of a tree crown; a shape-adjustable vertical rod is further fixedly arranged at the top of the sleeve, the top end of the vertical rod extends to the position over the tree trunk and is provided with a mounting cylinder, and a rotating cylinder is arranged at the top of the mounting cylinder. The monitoring device combines an advanced sensing technology, an image acquisition technology and a data analysis algorithm to realize omnibearing and high-precision monitoring of the water deficit of the man-made forest, and the tree bottom shooting assembly can make up for the defects of unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring and provide more comprehensive and accurate data for the water deficit monitoring of the man-made forest.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of forestry monitoring technology, specifically a system and method for monitoring water deficit in plantations. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of plantation scale, water management is becoming increasingly crucial for ensuring the healthy growth of plantations. Existing methods for monitoring water in plantations largely rely on manual sampling and ground sensors, which suffer from limited monitoring range, slow data updates, and high costs. While UAV remote sensing technology can provide large-scale, high-resolution image data, it lacks a direct correlation with soil moisture data. Therefore, developing a device that combines UAV remote sensing with ground sensor monitoring to achieve comprehensive water deficit monitoring is of paramount importance.

[0003] Furthermore, existing plantation water deficit monitoring devices, when using drones for filming, cannot clearly observe the interior of trees (such as the trunk, lower part of the canopy, and surrounding root system) due to dense vegetation. Therefore, the data collected by drones has certain limitations and cannot provide more comprehensive and accurate data for plantation water deficit monitoring.

[0004] To address these issues, we provide a water deficit monitoring system and method for plantations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the prior art by providing a system and method for monitoring water deficit in plantations.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A water deficit monitoring system for plantations includes multiple sleeves fitted at the lower end of tree trunks at various monitoring points. The bottom of each sleeve is equipped with a mounting bracket for burying in the soil and collecting soil moisture data, and the top of each sleeve is equipped with a tree base imaging component for collecting images of the bottom of the tree canopy. The system also includes a drone, the bottom of which is equipped with a tree top imaging component for collecting images of the top of the tree canopy.

[0007] The top of the sleeve is also fixed with an adjustable pole, the top of which extends directly above the tree trunk and has a mounting cylinder. The top of the mounting cylinder has a rotating cylinder, and the interior of the mounting cylinder has a second motor for driving the rotating cylinder to rotate. The bottom of the drone is also fixed with an electric telescopic rod, the movable end of which is magnetically fixed to the rotating cylinder to automatically activate the control circuit inside the sleeve. The control circuit controls the second motor and the tree bottom shooting component to rotate simultaneously to achieve synchronous acquisition by the tree bottom shooting component and the tree top shooting component.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the sleeve includes two semi-cylinders that are spliced ​​and fixed together. The semi-cylinders are provided with rubber blocks for contacting the tree trunk, and the bottom of the semi-cylinders is provided with a first support for hinged connection with the embedded fixing frame.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, the embedding fixing frame includes a collar and a plurality of connecting rods hinged to the bottom of the collar. The outer end of the connecting rod is provided with an embedding cylinder, and a plurality of soil moisture sensors are embedded in the surface of the embedding cylinder. The collar is composed of two semi-rings that are spliced ​​and fixed to each other, and the top of the semi-rings is provided with a second support that cooperates with the first support.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the tree base shooting component includes a gear ring rotatably mounted on the top of the sleeve and a mounting base fixed on the top of the gear ring. The mounting base is equipped with a camera, and a ring of supplementary lights is provided around the camera. The inner side of the gear ring is provided with a gear that meshes with it. Below the gear is a first motor for driving its rotation. The first motor is fixedly mounted in one of the semi-cylinder bodies. The gear ring is composed of two semi-circles that are spliced ​​and fixed together.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the upright includes multiple rod units that are hinged at both ends, and the mounting cylinder is hinged to the uppermost rod unit.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the movable end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly provided with a hanging rod, and the bottom end of the hanging rod is fixedly provided with a conical first magnet; the top of the rotating cylinder is provided with a conical cavity that cooperates with the first magnet.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the rotating drum is provided with a magnetic attraction assembly, which includes a second magnet and a first movable rod fixed to the bottom of the second magnet. A fixing block is fixed to the bottom end of the first movable rod, and a first spring for resetting is sleeved on the first movable rod. A first metal plate is fixed to the side of the fixing block, and a second metal plate is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating drum. The second magnet attracts the first magnet to drive the first metal plate close to the second metal plate, thereby connecting the circuit of the tree bottom shooting assembly and the second motor.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the rotating drum is further provided with a mechanical latching assembly for further locking the electric telescopic rod and the rotating drum. The mechanical latching assembly includes a first wedge block, which is engaged in a groove on the surface of the first magnet to achieve engagement. A second spring for resetting is sleeved on the first wedge block. A second wedge block for driving its extension and retraction is provided at the outer end of the first wedge block. A second movable rod is fixedly provided at the top of the second wedge block. A pressure ring is fixedly provided at the top of the second movable rod. A third spring for resetting is sleeved on the second movable rod. An electric push rod for pressing the pressure ring is also fixedly provided at the movable end of the electric telescopic rod.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for monitoring water deficit in plantations, comprising the following steps: S1. Regularly use drones to take aerial photos of the entire plantation to be tested, obtain aerial images of the entire plantation, and then use drones to collect data at each monitoring point. Compare the images at different time points to analyze the changes in the growth status of the trees. When the drone flies to the monitoring point, it is magnetically fixed to the rotating drum by the electric telescopic rod. At this time, the control circuit inside the sleeve is connected, the second motor is started to drive the drone to rotate along the center line of the forest, and the tree bottom shooting component is started to rotate along the center line of the forest. The tree bottom shooting component and the tree top shooting component simultaneously collect images of the top and bottom of the tree crown. S2. Collect soil moisture data at monitoring points by installing fixed frames, and plot soil moisture change curves based on the monitoring data to analyze the dynamic change pattern of soil moisture. S3. Using healthy plantations as control forests, unmanned aerial photography and soil moisture collection were also used to establish a baseline data model of their growth status and soil moisture content, which served as a reference for evaluating the degree of water deficit in the plantations to be tested. S4. Combining the overall aerial image of the plantation to be tested, the images of the top and bottom of the tree canopy at each monitoring point, soil moisture data, and control forest data, a comprehensive evaluation of the water deficit degree of the plantation to be tested is conducted.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention achieves comprehensive and high-precision monitoring of water deficit in plantations by setting up tree-bottom shooting components, tree-top shooting components, and embedding fixing frames, combined with advanced sensing technology, image acquisition technology, and data analysis algorithms. The tree-bottom shooting components can make up for the shortcomings of drone monitoring, provide more comprehensive and accurate data for monitoring water deficit in plantations, and further improve the performance and practicality of the entire monitoring system.

[0017] 2. By setting up a first motor and a second motor, the present invention enables both the treetop shooting component and the tree bottom shooting component to rotate along the center line of the forest, thereby achieving 360-degree shooting of the top and interior of the forest, obtaining more comprehensive information on the internal structure of the forest, and enriching the data dimensions.

[0018] 3. By setting up a pole, this invention can further enhance the synergy between the tree bottom imaging component and the tree top imaging component, avoid data confusion between the bottom and top of the tree canopy, ensure the collection of forest data inside and outside the trees at the same rotation angle at the same time, and improve monitoring efficiency and data accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the embedded fixing frame structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tree-bottom imaging component structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upright structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the upright pole and the electric telescopic pole of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the upright pole and the electric telescopic pole of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0020] In the picture: 1. Sleeve; 101. Half-cylinder; 102. Rubber abutment; 103. First support; 2. Embedding and fixing frame; 201. Collar; 202. Connecting rod; 203. Embedding cylinder; 204. Soil moisture sensor; 205. Second support; 3. Tree bottom shooting component; 301. Gear ring; 302. Mounting base; 303. Camera; 304. Supplemental light; 305. Gear; 306. First motor; 4. Drone; 5. Tree top shooting component; 6. Pole; 601. Pole unit; 602. Mounting cylinder; 603. Rotating cylinder; 603a. Cone 604. Cavity; 605. Second motor; 606. Magnetic suction assembly; 605a. Second magnet; 605b. First movable rod; 605c. Fixed block; 605d. First spring; 605e. First metal plate; 605f. Second metal plate; 606. Mechanical buckle assembly; 606a. First wedge block; 606b. Second wedge block; 606c. Second spring; 606d. Second movable rod; 606e. Pressure ring; 606f. Third spring; 7. Electric telescopic rod; 701. Hanging rod; 702. First magnet; 703. Electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0022] Example 1 To address the issue that current drone-based imagery of plantations typically only captures images of the treetops and lacks depth of the canopy, thus hindering the provision of more comprehensive and accurate data for monitoring water deficit in plantations, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 This invention provides a plantation water deficit monitoring system, comprising multiple sleeves 1 fitted at the lower end of tree trunks at various monitoring points. The bottom of each sleeve 1 is equipped with a mounting bracket 2 for burying in the soil and collecting soil moisture data. The top of each sleeve 1 is equipped with a tree-bottom imaging component 3 for collecting images of the base of the tree canopy. It also includes a drone 4, the bottom of which is equipped with a tree-top imaging component 5 for collecting images of the top of the tree canopy. By combining advanced sensing technology, image acquisition technology, and data analysis algorithms, this system achieves comprehensive and high-precision monitoring of plantation water deficit. The tree-bottom imaging component 3 compensates for the limitations of the drone 4, providing more comprehensive and accurate data for plantation water deficit monitoring, further enhancing the performance and practicality of the entire monitoring system.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the sleeve 1 includes two interconnected and fixed semi-cylindrical bodies 101. Each semi-cylindrical body 101 contains a rubber abutment 102 for contacting the tree trunk, and the bottom of each semi-cylindrical body 101 has a first support 103 for hinged connection to the embedded fixing frame 2. The surface of the sleeve 1 can be made of biomimetic materials and camouflage design to make its appearance similar to the surrounding trees and vegetation, reducing disturbance to wild animals, lowering the risk of human damage, and ensuring long-term stable monitoring data collection.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the mounting bracket 2 includes a collar 201 and multiple connecting rods 202 hinged to the bottom of the collar 201. The outer end of the connecting rod 202 is provided with a mounting cylinder 203. Multiple soil moisture sensors 204 are embedded in the surface of the mounting cylinder 203. The collar 201 is composed of two semi-rings that are spliced ​​and fixed to each other. The top of the semi-rings is provided with a second support 205 that cooperates with the first support 103.

[0025] To further obtain more comprehensive information on the internal structure of trees and enrich the data dimensions, such as... Figure 4As shown, the tree-bottom imaging component 3 includes a gear ring 301 rotatably mounted on the top of the sleeve 1 and a mounting base 302 fixed on the top of the gear ring 301. A camera 303 is mounted on the mounting base 302. To ensure clear imaging even inside the dark trees, a ring of supplementary lights 304 is provided around the camera 303. The supplementary lights 304 can use low-power, high-brightness LED light sources. The tilt angle of the mounting base 302 is adjustable, thereby adjusting the orientation of the camera 303. A spherical protective cover can be provided on the outside of the camera 303. The spherical protective cover is cleaned regularly to improve the clarity of the monitoring. A gear 305 meshes with the gear ring 301 on its inner side. A first motor 306 for driving the gear 305 to rotate is provided below the gear 305. The first motor 306 is fixed inside one of the semi-cylinder bodies 101. The gear ring 301 is composed of two semi-circular bodies that are spliced ​​and fixed to each other.

[0026] During data collection, the first motor 306 rotates at a constant angular velocity (e.g., 10 degrees / second), driving the gear 305 to rotate. The gear 305 then drives the gear ring 301 to rotate, which in turn drives the mounting base 302 to rotate. This allows the camera 303 to capture images of the bottom of the tree canopy, achieving 360-degree coverage of the interior of the trees and obtaining more comprehensive information on the internal structure of the trees. This enriches the data dimensions. The camera 303 can directly focus on the interior of the trees to obtain more targeted data, such as the health status of the trunk, internal water distribution, leaf damage, and pests and diseases, providing more comprehensive and accurate data for monitoring water deficit in plantations.

[0027] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, in order to further enhance the synergy between the tree base imaging component 3 and the tree top imaging component 5, achieve seamless cooperation between the two, ensure synchronous operation of the tree base imaging component 3 and the tree top imaging component 5 during rotation, and improve monitoring efficiency and data accuracy, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 5As shown, the top of the sleeve 1 is also fixed with an adjustable pole 6. The top of the pole 6 extends directly above the tree trunk and is equipped with an installation cylinder 602. The pole 6 includes multiple pole body units 601 that are hinged at both ends, so as to adapt to the installation requirements of trees with different shapes. The installation cylinder 602 is hinged to the uppermost pole body unit 601. The top of the installation cylinder 602 is equipped with a rotating cylinder 603. The inside of the installation cylinder 602 is equipped with a second motor 604 for driving the rotating cylinder 603 to rotate. The bottom of the drone 4 is also fixed with an electric telescopic pole 7. The movable end of the electric telescopic pole 7 is magnetically fixed to the rotating cylinder 603 to automatically start the control circuit inside the sleeve 1. The control circuit controls the second motor 604 and the tree bottom shooting component 3 to rotate simultaneously to achieve synchronous acquisition of the tree bottom shooting component 3 and the tree top shooting component 5. The pole 6 can further enhance the synergy between the tree bottom shooting component 3 and the tree top shooting component 5, avoid data confusion between the bottom and top of the tree crown, ensure the acquisition of data inside and outside the tree at the same rotation angle at the same time, and improve monitoring efficiency and data accuracy.

[0028] like Figures 6-7 As shown, a hanging rod 701 is fixedly installed at the movable end of the electric telescopic rod 7, and a conical first magnet 702 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the hanging rod 701; a conical cavity 603a is provided at the top of the rotating cylinder 603 to cooperate with the first magnet 702. A magnetic attraction assembly 605 is provided inside the rotating cylinder 603. The magnetic attraction assembly 605 includes a second magnet 605a and a first movable rod 605b fixed at the bottom of the second magnet 605a. A fixing block 605c is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first movable rod 605b, and a first spring 605d for resetting is sleeved on the first movable rod 605b; a first metal plate 605e is fixedly installed on the side of the fixing block 605c, and a second metal plate 605f is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cavity of the rotating cylinder 603. The second magnet 605a attracts the first magnet 702 to drive the first metal plate 605e to move closer to the second metal plate 605f, thereby connecting the circuit of the tree bottom shooting assembly 3 and the second motor 604.

[0029] When the drone 4 flies to the top of the tree canopy, using a high-precision visual positioning system (or employing the principle of laser reflection to dock the drone 4 with the pole 6, such as installing a transmitter on the drone 4 and a reflector on the pole 6; the transmitter emits a laser beam into the surrounding space, and the reflector receives the laser beam and reflects it back to the drone 4; the drone 4's flight control system determines the position of the pole 6 based on the distance and angle of the reflected beam, and uses advanced path planning algorithms and flight control strategies to gradually approach the pole 6 and precisely align with the target position), the electric telescopic pole 7 is driven to extend, so that the first magnet 702 is positioned above the conical cavity 603a, and then controlled... As the drone 4 descends, the first magnet 702 is precisely inserted into the conical cavity 603a. At this time, the second magnet 605a rises due to the attraction of the first magnet 702. The second magnet 605a drives the first movable rod 605b to rise, compressing the first spring 605d. The first movable rod 605b drives the fixed block 605c and the first metal plate 605e to rise until the first metal plate 605e and the second metal plate 605f come into contact. At this time, the control circuit in the sleeve 1 is activated. The control circuit controls the second motor 604 and the tree bottom shooting component 3 to rotate simultaneously. When the drone 4 rotates, it provides a certain lift to reduce the load on the electric telescopic rod 7.

[0030] To further improve the connection strength between the drone 4 and the pole 6, such as Figures 6-7 As shown, the rotating drum 603 is further equipped with a mechanical latching assembly 606 for further locking the electric telescopic rod 7 and the rotating drum 603. The mechanical latching assembly 606 includes a first wedge block 606a, which is engaged in a groove on the surface of the first magnet 702. A second spring 606c for resetting is sleeved on the first wedge block 606a. A second wedge block 606b for driving its extension and retraction is provided at the outer end of the first wedge block 606a. A second movable rod 606d is fixedly provided at the top of the second wedge block 606b. A pressure ring 606e is fixedly provided at the top of the second movable rod 606d. A third spring 606f for resetting is sleeved on the second movable rod 606d. An electric push rod 703 for pressing the pressure ring 606e is also fixedly provided at the movable end of the electric telescopic rod 7.

[0031] When the first magnet 702 and the second magnet 605a are in a magnetic attraction state, the electric push rod 703 is activated. The electric push rod 703 presses the pressure ring 606e, which drives the second movable rod 606d to move downward. The third spring 606f is compressed, and the second movable rod 606d drives the second wedge block 606b to move downward. The second wedge block 606b squeezes the first wedge block 606a and pushes the first wedge block 606a to move. The second spring 606c is compressed. When the first wedge block 606a extends into the groove on the surface of the first magnet 702, mechanical engagement is achieved, thereby firmly fixing the first magnet 702 in the conical cavity 603a. The combination of magnetic attraction and mechanical locking ensures a stable and reliable connection.

[0032] Example 3 This invention also provides a method for monitoring water deficit in plantations, comprising the following steps: S1. Regularly use UAV 4 to take aerial photos of the entire plantation to be tested, and then use UAV 4 to collect data at each monitoring point. Compare the images at different time points to analyze the changes in the growth status of the trees, such as the overall shape of the crown, the density of the crown, the color of the leaves, whether there are obvious dead branches and yellow leaves, and the growth of new shoots, which are characteristics that directly reflect the growth status. When the drone 4 flies to the top of the monitoring point, it is magnetically fixed to the rotating drum 603 by the electric telescopic rod 7. At this time, the control circuit in the sleeve 1 is connected, the second motor 604 is started to drive the drone 4 to rotate along the center line of the forest, the tree bottom shooting component 3 is started to rotate along the center line of the forest, and the tree bottom shooting component 3 and the tree top shooting component 5 are simultaneously collected to capture images of the top and bottom of the tree crown. S2. Collect soil moisture data at monitoring points by installing fixed frame 2, and draw soil moisture change curves based on the monitoring data to analyze the dynamic change pattern of soil moisture. S3. A healthy plantation was used as a control forest. Specifically, a healthy plantation of the same type with sufficient water supply was selected as the control forest. The control forest was as similar as possible to the plantation to be tested in terms of tree species, age, and site conditions (soil type, slope, aspect, etc.). The control forest was also photographed by drone and soil moisture was collected to establish a baseline data model of its growth status and soil moisture content, which served as a reference for evaluating the degree of water deficit in the plantation to be tested. S4. Combining aerial images of the entire plantation under test, images of the top and bottom of the tree canopy at each monitoring point, soil moisture data, and data from the control forest, a comprehensive evaluation of the water deficit degree of the plantation under test is conducted. By comparing color characteristics, such as healthy leaves typically being dark green while leaves turn yellow and brown when water is deficient, the canopy coverage is analyzed. Insufficient water leads to sparse canopy and slow shoot growth. The ratio of canopy area to total area is calculated over time. Combined with the corresponding indicators of the control forest, the abnormal growth of the plantation under test is determined. Soil moisture monitoring data at different depths in the plantation under test are compared with data from the control forest at the same depth during the same period. If the soil moisture content at a certain depth is consistently lower than a certain threshold for the corresponding soil moisture content in the control forest, it indicates that there may be a water deficit problem in that soil layer. Based on the conditions of each soil layer, the overall water deficit degree of the plantation is comprehensively assessed.

[0033] The above-described embodiments are merely one implementation of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water deficit monitoring system for plantations, comprising multiple sleeves (1) fitted onto the lower ends of tree trunks at various monitoring points, characterized in that: The bottom of the sleeve (1) is provided with a burial fixing frame (2) for burying into the soil and collecting soil moisture data, and the top of the sleeve (1) is provided with a tree bottom shooting component (3) for collecting images of the bottom of the tree crown. It also includes a drone (4), the bottom of which is equipped with a treetop shooting component (5) for capturing images of the top of the tree canopy. The top of the sleeve (1) is also fixed with an adjustable pole (6), the top of the pole (6) extends to the top of the tree trunk and is provided with an installation cylinder (602), the top of the installation cylinder (602) is provided with a rotating cylinder (603), and the interior of the installation cylinder (602) is provided with a second motor (604) for driving the rotating cylinder (603) to rotate. The bottom of the drone (4) is also fixed with an electric telescopic rod (7). The movable end of the electric telescopic rod (7) is magnetically fixed to the rotating drum (603) to automatically start the control circuit inside the sleeve (1). The control circuit controls the second motor (604) and the tree bottom shooting component (3) to rotate simultaneously to achieve synchronous acquisition of the tree bottom shooting component (3) and the tree top shooting component (5).

2. The plantation water deficit monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (1) includes two semi-cylinders (101) that are spliced ​​and fixed together. The semi-cylinders (101) are provided with rubber blocks (102) for contacting the tree trunk. The bottom of the semi-cylinders (101) is provided with a first support (103) for hinged connection with the embedded fixing frame (2).

3. The plantation water deficit monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (2) includes a collar (201) and multiple connecting rods (202) hinged to the bottom of the collar (201). The outer end of the connecting rod (202) is provided with a mounting cylinder (203), and multiple soil moisture sensors (204) are embedded in the surface of the mounting cylinder (203). The collar (201) is composed of two interlocking and fixed semi-rings, and the top of the semi-rings is provided with a second support (205) that cooperates with the first support (103).

4. The plantation water deficit monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tree bottom shooting component (3) includes a gear ring (301) rotatably mounted on the top of the sleeve (1) and a mounting base (302) fixed on the top of the gear ring (301). The mounting base (302) is provided with a camera (303) and a ring of fill lights (304) is provided around the camera (303). The inner side of the gear ring (301) is provided with a gear (305) that meshes with it. Below the gear (305) is a first motor (306) for driving its rotation. The first motor (306) is fixedly installed inside one of the semi-cylinder bodies (101). The gear ring (301) is composed of two semi-circular bodies that are spliced ​​and fixed to each other.

5. The plantation water deficit monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pole (6) includes multiple pole units (601) that are hinged at both ends, and the mounting cylinder (602) is hinged to the uppermost pole unit (601).

6. The plantation water deficit monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable end of the electric telescopic rod (7) is fixedly provided with a hanging rod (701), and the bottom end of the hanging rod (701) is fixedly provided with a conical first magnet (702). The top of the rotating drum (603) is provided with a conical cavity (603a) that cooperates with the first magnet (702).

7. A water deficit monitoring system for plantations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating drum (603) is provided with a magnetic attraction assembly (605), which includes a second magnet (605a) and a first movable rod (605b) fixed to the bottom of the second magnet (605a). A fixing block (605c) is fixed to the bottom end of the first movable rod (605b), and a first spring (605d) for resetting is sleeved on the first movable rod (605b). A first metal plate (605e) is fixed on the side of the fixed block (605c), and a second metal plate (605f) is fixed on the inner wall of the chamber of the rotating cylinder (603). The second magnet (605a) attracts the first magnet (702) to drive the first metal plate (605e) to move closer to the second metal plate (605f), thereby connecting the circuit of the tree bottom shooting component (3) and the second motor (604).

8. The plantation water deficit monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating drum (603) is also provided with a mechanical latching assembly (606) for further locking the electric telescopic rod (7) and the rotating drum (603). The mechanical latching assembly (606) includes a first wedge block (606a), which is engaged in a groove on the surface of the first magnet (702). A second spring (606c) for resetting is sleeved on the first wedge block (606a). The outer end of the first wedge block (606a) is provided with a second wedge block (606b) for driving its extension and retraction. The top of the second wedge block (606b) is fixedly provided with a second movable rod (606d). The top of the second movable rod (606d) is fixedly provided with a pressure ring (606e). A third spring (606f) for resetting is sleeved on the second movable rod (606d). The movable end of the electric telescopic rod (7) is also fixedly provided with an electric push rod (703) for pressing the pressure ring (606e).

9. A method for monitoring water deficit in plantations, employing the water deficit monitoring system for plantations as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Regularly use drones (4) to take aerial photos of the entire plantation to be tested, obtain aerial images of the entire plantation to be tested, and then use drones (4) to collect data from each monitoring point. Compare the images at different time points and analyze the changes in the growth status of the trees. When the drone (4) flies to the top of the monitoring point, it is magnetically fixed to the rotating drum (603) by the electric telescopic rod (7). At this time, the control circuit inside the sleeve (1) is connected, the second motor (604) is started to drive the drone (4) to rotate along the center line of the forest, and the tree bottom shooting component (3) is started to rotate along the center line of the forest. The tree bottom shooting component (3) and the tree top shooting component (5) are used to synchronously collect images of the top and bottom of the tree crown. S2. Collect soil moisture data at monitoring points by installing fixed frames (2), and draw soil moisture change curves based on the monitoring data to analyze the dynamic change pattern of soil moisture. S3. Using healthy plantations as control forests, unmanned aerial photography and soil moisture collection were also used to establish a baseline data model of their growth status and soil moisture content, which served as a reference for evaluating the degree of water deficit in the plantations to be tested. S4. Combining the overall aerial image of the plantation to be tested, the images of the top and bottom of the tree canopy at each monitoring point, soil moisture data, and control forest data, a comprehensive evaluation of the water deficit degree of the plantation to be tested is conducted.

Images