Filter based on coupling line and electronic device

Abstract

The invention discloses a filter based on a coupling line and an electronic device with the filter. The filter comprises an input port, an output port, a first coupling line pair and a second coupling line pair, wherein the first coupling line pair and the second coupling line pair are connected between the input port and the output port; one coupling line in the first coupling line pair is connected with the input port, and one coupling line in the second coupling line pair is connected with the output port; and at least one coupling line in the first coupling line pair is connected with at least one coupling line in the second coupling line pair. According to the filter based on the coupling line, the performance of high return loss and low insertion loss in a passband can be achieved, the performance of high out-of-band rejection outside the passband can be achieved, interference signals are effectively suppressed, and needed signals can be transmitted more efficiently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of microwave integrated circuit technology, and in particular to a filter and electronic device based on a coupling line. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems (such as 5G, satellite communication, radar, etc.), filters are one of the key passive radio frequency devices. Their main function is to select signals in specific frequency bands and suppress interference from signals in other frequency bands. High-performance filters require low insertion loss and good flatness in the passband and high rejection ratio in the stopband, which directly affects the quality of signal transmission and the sensitivity of signal reception.

[0003] In existing technologies, filters are mainly constructed from lumped elements, capacitors and inductors, selecting signals within a specific frequency band based on the principles of LC resonance and impedance transformation, and filtering out signals outside that band. As the frequency increases, the parasitic effects of the lumped elements significantly amplify, leading to increased insertion loss in the filter. Furthermore, achieving low insertion loss and good flatness in the passband, as well as high rejection ratio in the stopband, requires capacitors and inductors to have high quality factors (Q values). However, for semiconductor manufacturing processes, achieving components with high quality factors (Q values) is a significant challenge.

[0004] With the rapid development of technology, the complexity of radio frequency systems has increased dramatically. This places high demands on filter performance, as well as on filter integration and cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of filter to meet these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application discloses a coupled-line based filter and an electronic device incorporating the filter. The filter employs a coupled-line design, thereby achieving low insertion loss and high out-of-band rejection performance, and its structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0006] A first aspect of this application provides a filter based on coupling lines, the filter comprising: an input port, an output port, and a first coupling line pair and a second coupling line pair connected between the input port and the output port; one coupling line in the first coupling line pair is connected to one of the input port or the output port, and one coupling line in the second coupling line pair is connected to the other of the input port and the output port; at least one coupling line in the first coupling line pair and at least one coupling line in the second coupling line pair are connected.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, the input port and the output port are single-ended ports; the first coupling line pair includes a first coupling line and a second coupling line, and the second coupling line pair includes a third coupling line and a fourth coupling line; wherein, the first end of the third coupling line is selectively connected to either the input port or the output port, and the second end of the second coupling line is connected to the other of the input port or the output port; the first end of the first coupling line and the second end of the fourth coupling line are grounded.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the second end of the first coupling line is connected to the first end of the fourth coupling line, and the first end of the second coupling line is connected to the second end of the third coupling line.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the input port and the output port are respectively a differential input port and a differential output port; the differential input port includes a first differential input port and a second differential input port, and the differential output port includes a first differential output port and a second differential output port; the first coupling line pair includes a first coupling line and a second coupling line, and the second coupling line pair includes a third coupling line and a fourth coupling line; wherein, the first differential input port is connected to a first end of the first coupling line, and the second differential input port is connected to a first end of the third coupling line; the first differential output port is connected to a second end of the second coupling line, and the second differential output port is connected to a second end of the fourth coupling line; or, the first differential input port is connected to a second end of the second coupling line, and the second differential input port is connected to a second end of the fourth coupling line; the first differential output port is connected to a first end of the first coupling line, and the second differential output port is connected to a first end of the third coupling line.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the second end of the first coupling line is connected to the first end of the fourth coupling line, and the first end of the second coupling line is connected to the second end of the third coupling line.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the filter further includes a single-ended signal input port and a first balun, the first balun being connected between the single-ended signal input port and the differential input port, for converting the single-ended input signal input to the single-ended signal input port into a differential signal and outputting it to the differential input port; and / or; the filter further includes a single-ended signal output port and a second balun, the second balun being connected between the single-ended signal output port and the differential output port, for converting the differential output signal output from the differential output port into a single-ended output signal for input to the single-ended signal output port.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the input port and the output port are single-ended ports; the first coupling line pair includes a first coupling line and a second coupling line, and the second coupling line pair includes a third coupling line and a fourth coupling line; wherein, the first end of the first coupling line is selectively connected to either the input port or the output port, and the first end of the third coupling line is connected to the other of the input port or the output port; the second end of the second coupling line and the second end of the fourth coupling line are grounded.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the second end of the first coupling line is open-circuited, and the second end of the third coupling line is open-circuited; the first end of the second coupling line is connected to the first end of the fourth coupling line.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the first coupling pair and the second coupling pair have the same impedance parameters and electrical lengths.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the filter is fabricated based on an IPD process having multilayer metal wiring and a high-resistivity substrate.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the resistivity of the high-resistivity substrate is greater than 1000 ohm·cm.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, the dielectric layer of the IPD process is a dielectric material with a specified magnetic permeability.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the dielectric material includes a ferrite material.

[0019] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device, which may include the differential bridge structure or differential circuit structure described above.

[0020] The coupled-line based filter disclosed in this application can achieve high-performance filtering by controlling the Ze, Zo, and electrical length of the coupled line. This filter includes an LPF (low-pass filter) region and multiple BPF (band-pass filter) regions, exhibiting high return loss and low insertion loss performance within the passband, and high out-of-band rejection performance outside the passband, effectively suppressing interference signals and allowing the desired signal to be transmitted more efficiently.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] This application will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting; in these embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same structures, wherein: Figure 1 This is an exemplary structural diagram of a line-based filter according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is an exemplary schematic diagram of the filtering result of a line-based filter according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is another exemplary structural diagram of a line-coupled filter shown in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is another exemplary structural diagram of a line-coupled filter shown in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is another exemplary schematic diagram of the filtering result of a line-based filter according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is another exemplary structural diagram of a line-coupled filter shown in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is an exemplary schematic diagram of another filtering result of a line-based filter according to some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application and in its specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The terms "comprising" or "including," as used in this application, mean that an element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms "and / or" or "and / or" as used in this application include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] This application discloses a line-coupled filter, which may include an input port, an output port, and a first and a second line-coupled pair connecting the input port and the output port. The filter is entirely constructed based on line-coupled pairs and does not include any other components. This significantly reduces the complexity of device design and lowers production costs. Furthermore, due to the smaller parasitic effects of the line-coupled pairs, the line-coupled filter disclosed in this application exhibits better bandwidth performance compared to LC filters.

[0026] One coupling line in the first coupling line pair connects to either the input port or the output port, and one coupling line in the second coupling line pair connects the input port to the other of the output ports. At least one coupling line in the first coupling line pair and at least one coupling line in the second coupling line pair are connected. In other words, the filter has a symmetrical circuit structure, which improves the filter's anti-interference capability and reliability, and enables the determination of the stability of the output signal.

[0027] In some implementations, the first coupled line pair and the second coupled line pair have the same impedance parameters (including even-mode impedance Ze and odd-mode impedance Zo) and electrical length. Using the same parameters ensures signal consistency during transmission and improves signal integrity. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic field distribution of coupled line pairs with consistent parameters is highly symmetrical, thus suppressing common-mode noise caused by asymmetrical coupling and improving the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). Furthermore, the design and manufacturing process of coupled line pairs with consistent parameters ensures production consistency and reduces performance fluctuations due to process variations. Moreover, the coupled lines can be directly integrated onto the substrate (or dielectric substrate) without requiring additional bulky components, enabling device miniaturization.

[0028] The bandwidth and out-of-band rejection of the filter can be adjusted by changing the even-mode impedance Ze and the odd-mode impedance Zo of the coupled line pair, and the frequency of the filter can be adjusted by changing the electrical length E. The filter disclosed in this application can be applied to a wider range of applications.

[0029] The coupled-line based filter disclosed in this application, combining the coupling, reflection, and transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves, can achieve signal passband and stopband at specific frequencies. This allows for smooth transmission of signals in the target frequency band (low passband loss) while suppressing interfering signals (high stopband attenuation). Furthermore, by adjusting the even-mode impedance Ze, odd-mode impedance Zo, and electrical length E of the coupled line pair, the filter's bandwidth can be flexibly designed: for wider frequency coverage (e.g., multi-standard communication compatibility), the impedance ratio and line length can be optimized to broaden the passband. For narrowband interference (e.g., specific frequency clutter suppression), the passband can be precisely compressed and the stopband deepened to meet diverse needs.

[0030] The following describes some preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that the following description is for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Figure 1 This is an exemplary structural diagram of a line-based filter according to some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the filter includes: an input port IN, an output port OUT, and a first coupling line pair 100 and a second coupling line 200 connected between the input port IN and the output port OUT.

[0032] The first coupling line pair 100 includes a first coupling line 110 and a second coupling line 120. The second coupling line pair 200 includes a third coupling line 210 and a fourth coupling line 220. The input port IN and the output port OUT are single-ended ports. The input port IN is connected to the first end 211 of the third coupling line 210 of the second coupling line pair 200, and the output port OUT is connected to the second end 122 of the second coupling line 120 of the first coupling line pair 100. Simultaneously, the first end 111 of the first coupling line 110 of the first coupling line pair 100 is grounded, and the second end 222 of the fourth coupling line 220 of the second coupling line pair 200 is grounded. Regarding the connections between these coupling lines, the second end 112 of the first coupling line 110 can be connected to the first end 221 of the fourth coupling line 220, and the first end 121 of the second coupling line 120 can be connected to the second end 212 of the third coupling line 210.

[0033] The above filters employ a symmetrical circuit structure. This symmetrical design allows for independent adjustment of the passband / stopband impedance matching. Furthermore, the symmetrical connection ensures highly symmetrical parasitic parameters in the coupling lines, enabling common-mode noise to cancel each other out during transmission and improving signal transmission quality. Additionally, the symmetrical structure provides good circuit balance, reducing reflections and crosstalk during signal transmission. This good balance contributes to improved overall circuit performance and stability.

[0034] Of course, based on the symmetrical circuit structure of the filter, the input port IN can also be connected to the second end 122 of the second coupling line 120 of the first coupling line pair 100, and the output port OUT can also be connected to the first end 211 of the third coupling line 210 of the second coupling line pair 200.

[0035] Figure 2 Another exemplary schematic diagram of the filtering result of a line-coupled filter is shown. The circuit structure of this filter can be as follows: Figure 1As shown in the diagram. The first coupling pair 100 and the second coupling pair 200 have identical impedance parameters and electrical lengths: even-mode impedance Ze is 200Ω, odd-mode impedance Zo is 25Ω, electrical length E is 60 degrees at a frequency of 1GHz, and the characteristic impedances of both input port P1 and output port P2 are 50Ω. (Reference) Figure 2 Within the 0–10 GHz frequency range, this line-coupled filter exhibits excellent performance, demonstrating a low-pass filter region and multiple band-pass filter regions. In the passband, the insertion loss S21 of this line-coupled filter is close to 0 dB, indicating excellent signal transmission. The return loss S11 is below -30 dB, indicating very low reflection within the passband. Outside the passband, the line-coupled filter exhibits high roll-off performance and multiple out-of-band poles, effectively suppressing interference signals and allowing for better transmission of the desired signal.

[0036] Figure 3 This is another exemplary structural diagram of a line-coupled filter shown according to some embodiments of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the filter includes: a first differential input port IN1, a second differential input port IN2, a first differential output port OUT1, a second differential output port OUT2, and a first coupling pair 100' and a second coupling pair 200' connected between the differential input ports and the differential output ports.

[0037] The first coupling line pair 100' includes a first coupling line 110' and a second coupling line 120'. The second coupling line pair 200' includes a third coupling line 210' and a fourth coupling line 220'. A first differential input port IN1 is connected to the first end 111' of the first coupling line 110', a second differential input port IN2 is connected to the first end 211' of the third coupling line 210', a first differential output port OUT1 is connected to the second end 122' of the second coupling line 120', and a second differential output port OUT2 is connected to the second end 222' of the fourth coupling line 220'. Regarding the connections between these coupling lines, the second end 112' of the first coupling line 110' can be connected to the first end 221' of the fourth coupling line 220', and the first end 121' of the second coupling line 120' can be connected to the second end 212' of the third coupling line 210'.

[0038] Similarly, the filters described above also employ a symmetrical structure and possess the aforementioned characteristics and advantages. Figure 1The difference in the filter shown is that it can be applied to differential systems and can directly input differential signals. Similarly, due to the symmetrical structure, the first differential input port IN1 can be connected to the second end 122' of the second coupling line 120', and the second differential input port IN2 can be connected to the second end 222' of the fourth coupling line 220'. The first differential output port OUT1 can be connected to the first end 111' of the first coupling line 110', and the second differential output port OUT2 can be connected to the first end 211' of the third coupling line 210'.

[0039] Figure 4 Another structural example of the filter described above is shown, which also includes a single-ended signal input port IN. T And the first balun B1. The first balun B1 is connected to the single-ended signal input port IN. T Between the differential input ports (first differential input port IN1 and second differential input port IN2), a channel is used to input the single-ended signal into the port IN. T The input single-ended input signal is converted into a differential signal and output to the first differential input port IN1 and the second differential input port IN2.

[0040] Alternatively, the filter described above may also include a single-ended signal output port OUT. T The second balun B2 is connected to the differential output port (first differential output port OUT1 and second differential output port OUT2) and the single-ended signal output port OUT. T Between and, used to convert the differential output signal output from the differential output port into a single-ended output signal for input to the single-ended signal output port OUT. T The above single-ended signal input port IN T And the first balun B1, and the single-ended signal output port OUT T The second balun B2 can be selectively connected, or both can be connected. Thus, the above filters can perform single-ended signal to single-ended signal processing, single-ended signal to differential signal processing, and differential signal to differential signal processing.

[0041] Figure 5 Another exemplary schematic diagram of the filtering result of a line-coupled filter is shown. The circuit structure of this filter can be as follows: Figure 3As shown in the diagram. The first coupling pair 100' and the second coupling pair 200' have identical impedance parameters and electrical lengths: even-mode impedance Ze is 200Ω, odd-mode impedance Zo is 25Ω, and the electrical length E is 60 degrees at a frequency of 1GHz. The characteristic impedances of the first differential input port IN1, the second differential input port IN2, the first differential output port OUT1, and the second differential output port OUT2 are all 50Ω. Signals are transmitted from the differential input ports to the differential output ports. (Reference) Figure 4 Within the 0–10 GHz frequency range, this line-coupled filter exhibits excellent performance, demonstrating a low-pass filter region and multiple band-pass filter regions. In the passband, the insertion loss S21 is close to 0 dB, and the return loss S11 is less than -40 dB, indicating that the line-coupled filter can transmit signals well with minimal reflection. Outside the passband, the line-coupled filter exhibits a high roll-off, effectively suppressing out-of-band interference.

[0042] Figure 6 This is another exemplary structural diagram of a line-coupled filter shown according to some embodiments of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the filter includes: an input port IN', an output port OUT', and a first coupling line pair 100'' and a second coupling line 200'' connected between the input port IN' and the output port OUT'.

[0043] The first coupling pair 100'' includes a first coupling line 110'' and a second coupling line 120''. The second coupling pair 200'' includes a third coupling line 210'' and a fourth coupling line 220''. The input port IN' and the output port OUT' are single-ended ports. Specifically, the input port IN' is connected to the first end 111'' of the first coupling line 110'' of the first coupling pair 100'', and the output port OUT' is connected to the first end 211'' of the third coupling line 210'' of the second coupling pair 200''. Simultaneously, the second end 122'' of the second coupling line 120'' of the first coupling pair 100'' is grounded, and the second end 222'' of the fourth coupling line 220'' of the second coupling pair 200'' is grounded. The second end 112'' of the first coupling line 110'' and the second end 212'' of the third coupling line 210'' are both open-circuited. The first end 121'' of the second coupling line 120'' is connected to the first end 221'' of the fourth coupling line 220''.

[0044] Similarly, the above filters also employ a symmetrical structure and possess the aforementioned characteristics and advantages. Furthermore, the input port IN' can be connected to the first end 211'' of the third coupling line 210'' of the second coupling line pair 200'', and the output port OUT' can be connected to the first end 111'' of the first coupling line 110'' of the first coupling line pair 100''.

[0045] Figure 7 Another exemplary schematic diagram of the filtering result of a line-coupled filter is shown. The circuit structure of this filter can be as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the diagram. The first coupling pair 100'' and the second coupling pair 200'' have identical impedance parameters and electrical lengths: even-mode impedance Ze is 200Ω, odd-mode impedance Zo is 25Ω, electrical length E is 45 degrees at 1GHz, and the characteristic impedances of the input port IN' and output port OUT' are both 50Ω. (Reference) Figure 6 Within the 0–10 GHz frequency range, this line-coupled filter comprises multiple bandpass filter regions. In the passband, the insertion loss S21 of this line-coupled filter is close to 0 dB, indicating excellent transmission characteristics. The insertion loss S11 is less than -20 dB, indicating very low signal reflection. Furthermore, as the frequency increases, the in-band return loss of this line-coupled filter gradually deteriorates. Outside the passband, this line-coupled filter exhibits high out-of-band rejection characteristics, effectively suppressing interference from out-of-band signals.

[0046] In the filters described above, the first ends of the coupling lines in different coupling pairs are far apart from each other, while the second ends are close together.

[0047] The line-coupled filter disclosed in this application can be fabricated using an IPD (Integrated Passive Device) process with multilayer metal wiring and a high-resistivity substrate. IPD technology is based on semiconductor wafer-level manufacturing (such as photolithography, sputtering, etching, etc.), and the control precision of process parameters (such as metal linewidth, dielectric thickness, and component size) can reach the sub-micron level. Mass-produced devices exhibit excellent consistency (such as center frequency, bandwidth, and loss) with minimal batch-to-batch variation. Furthermore, integrated design reduces soldering interconnections between discrete components, lowering mechanical stress and the risk of contact failure, thus improving long-term reliability. Wafer-level mass production can reduce unit device cost, making it suitable for large-scale mass production.

[0048] Multilayer metal wiring allows for the stacking and interconnection of complex passive components (e.g., coupling lines) in the vertical direction, significantly increasing component density per unit area and avoiding the space waste of discrete components. Combined with the wafer-level integration characteristics of IPD technology, the core passive structure of the filter can be integrated onto a single chip, significantly reducing its size (typically 1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than traditional discrete component filters). This is particularly suitable for scenarios with stringent miniaturization requirements, such as 5G and IoT. Simultaneously, multilayer metal wiring allows for the flexible design of complex topologies (such as coupling line structures), achieving broadband filtering characteristics or steep out-of-band roll-offs through optimized interlayer electromagnetic coupling, meeting the demands of modern communication systems for wide bandwidth and high selectivity. Furthermore, multilayer metal wiring can integrate dedicated ground planes and shielding layers, reducing the impact of external electromagnetic interference (EMI) on the filter through interlayer isolation design.

[0049] High-resistivity substrates exhibit extremely low high-frequency losses. Their high resistivity suppresses eddy current effects and conduction losses within the substrate, reducing electromagnetic energy dissipation. Furthermore, the low dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) of high-resistivity materials further reduces dielectric losses at high frequencies. Filters based on high-resistivity substrates show significantly reduced insertion losses and higher energy transfer efficiency (especially in high-frequency bands such as millimeter waves). Simultaneously, high-resistivity substrates possess strong suppression capabilities against parasitic coupling of high-frequency signals, reducing crosstalk and ensuring stable frequency response for the filter at high frequencies (such as millimeter waves and terahertz). Additionally, the low conductivity of high-resistivity substrates suppresses substrate-mediated crosstalk, enabling stable performance in complex electromagnetic environments. Moreover, high-resistivity substrates are compatible with mature semiconductor processes such as CMOS and SiGe, allowing for heterogeneous integration with active devices (such as RF chips), reducing system-level interconnect losses and simplifying module design.

[0050] The high-resistivity substrates used in this application include, but are not limited to, high-resistivity silicon, sapphire, quartz, alumina, aluminum nitride, or any combination thereof. Their resistivity is greater than 1000 ohm·cm, for example, greater than 1000 ohm·cm, 1500 ohm·cm, 2000 ohm·cm, 2500 ohm·cm, 3000 ohm·cm, etc.

[0051] The dielectric layer in the IPD process involved in this application is a dielectric material with a specified magnetic permeability. This specified magnetic permeability can be greater than 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, or even higher. In some implementations, the dielectric material is a ferrite material such as Ni-Zn ferrite, Li-Zn ferrite, or a ferroelectric material such as BaTiO3 or PZT. Using ferrite materials as the preparation material for the dielectric layer in the IPD process can significantly reduce the size of magnetic passive devices and achieve magnetically tunable functionality. Simultaneously, because ferrite materials are high-resistivity magnetic materials, they can significantly suppress eddy current effects at high frequencies, avoiding increased losses due to core heating. Furthermore, ferrite materials have strong absorption or shielding effects on high-frequency electromagnetic waves (especially in specific frequency bands), and can be integrated into the IPD as a "magnetic shielding layer" to reduce electromagnetic coupling between adjacent devices (such as crosstalk between inductors) and improve system electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

[0052] The coupled-line based filter disclosed in this application can achieve high-performance filtering by controlling the Ze, Zo, and electrical length of the coupled line. This filter includes an LPF (low-pass filter) region and multiple BPF (band-pass filter) regions, exhibiting high return loss and low insertion loss performance within the passband, and high out-of-band rejection performance outside the passband, effectively suppressing interference signals and allowing the desired signal to be transmitted more efficiently.

[0053] This application also discloses an electronic device that may include the filter described above. Due to the characteristics of the coupled-line based filter disclosed above, the electronic device can be applied to wireless communication equipment such as radio frequency front-end modules, microwave communication systems (satellite communication / radar), and phased array antenna systems (5G base stations).

[0054] This application has described the basic concepts. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, and therefore such modifications, improvements, and corrections still fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0055] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe its embodiments. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this application do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application can be appropriately combined.

[0056] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of this application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing description of the embodiments of this application sometimes combines multiple features into one embodiment or its description. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of this application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments have fewer features than all the features of the single embodiments disclosed above.

[0057] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this application are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of this application. Other modifications may also fall within the scope of this application. Therefore, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this application are considered as examples and not limitations, and are regarded as consistent with the teachings of this application. Accordingly, the embodiments of this application are not limited to the embodiments explicitly described and illustrated in this application.

Claims

1. A filter based on coupled lines, characterized in that, The filter includes: An input port, an output port, and a first coupling line pair and a second coupling line pair connected between the input port and the output port; wherein... One of the coupling lines in the first coupling line pair is connected to one of the input port or the output port, and one of the coupling lines in the second coupling line pair is connected to the other of the input port and the other of the output port; At least one coupling line in the first coupling line pair is connected to at least one coupling line in the second coupling line pair.

2. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input port and the output port are single-ended ports; the first coupling line pair includes a first coupling line and a second coupling line, and the second coupling line pair includes a third coupling line and a fourth coupling line; wherein, the first end of the third coupling line is selectively connected to either the input port or the output port, and the second end of the second coupling line is connected to the other of the input port or the output port; The first end of the first coupling line and the second end of the fourth coupling line are grounded.

3. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second end of the first coupling line is connected to the first end of the fourth coupling line, and the first end of the second coupling line is connected to the second end of the third coupling line.

4. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input port and the output port are respectively a differential input port and a differential output port; the differential input port includes a first differential input port and a second differential input port, and the differential output port includes a first differential output port and a second differential output port; The first coupling line pair includes a first coupling line and a second coupling line, and the second coupling line pair includes a third coupling line and a fourth coupling line; wherein, The first differential input port is connected to the first end of the first coupling line, and the second differential input port is connected to the first end of the third coupling line; the first differential output port is connected to the second end of the second coupling line, and the second differential output port is connected to the second end of the fourth coupling line; or... The first differential input port is connected to the second end of the second coupling line, and the second differential input port is connected to the second end of the fourth coupling line; the first differential output port is connected to the first end of the first coupling line, and the second differential output port is connected to the first end of the third coupling line.

5. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second end of the first coupling line is connected to the first end of the fourth coupling line, and the first end of the second coupling line is connected to the second end of the third coupling line.

6. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter further includes a single-ended signal input port and a first balun, the first balun being connected between the single-ended signal input port and the differential input port, for converting the single-ended input signal input to the single-ended signal input port into a differential signal and outputting it to the differential input port; and / or; The filter further includes a single-ended signal output port and a second balun, which is connected between the single-ended signal output port and the differential output port to convert the differential output signal output by the differential output port into a single-ended output signal for input to the single-ended signal output port.

7. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input port and the output port are single-ended ports; the first coupling line pair includes a first coupling line and a second coupling line, and the second coupling line pair includes a third coupling line and a fourth coupling line; wherein... The first end of the first coupling line is selectively connected to either the input port or the output port, and the first end of the third coupling line is connected to the other of the input port or the output port; The second end of the second coupling line and the second end of the fourth coupling line are grounded.

8. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second end of the first coupling line is open-circuited, and the second end of the third coupling line is open-circuited; the first end of the second coupling line is connected to the first end of the fourth coupling line.

9. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first coupled line pair and the second coupled line pair have the same impedance parameters and electrical lengths.

10. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter is fabricated using an IPD process with multilayer metal wiring and a high-resistivity substrate.

11. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 10, characterized in that, The resistivity of the high-resistivity substrate is greater than 1000 ohm·cm.

12. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The dielectric layer in the IPD process is a dielectric material with a specified magnetic permeability.

13. The filter based on coupled lines according to claim 12, characterized in that, The medium material includes ferrite materials.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a line-based filter as described in any one of claims 1-13.

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