Preparation method of electrochromic device and electrochromic device

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of an electrochromic device and the electrochromic device prepared by the preparation method, and relates to the technical field of electrochromism. The method comprises the following steps: providing an electrochromic substrate; judging whether the electrochromic layer is in a first charge state or not; and when the electrochromic layer is in the first charge state, carrying out heating treatment or heating pressurization treatment on the electrochromic substrate to obtain the electrochromic device. By heating or heating and pressurizing the electrochromic layer which is already in the first charge state, a conjugated structure in the electrochromic layer can be fully enhanced, so that the absorption intensity of the electrochromic layer to a visible spectrum is increased, and the regularization degree of molecular arrangement in the electrochromic layer is improved. The electrochromic device prepared by the method has lower dark-state light transmittance, so that the overall contrast ratio of the electrochromic device is improved, and the optical performance of the electrochromic device is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a method for preparing an electrochromic device and an electrochromic device, belonging to the field of electrochromic technology. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromic devices consist of electrochromic materials. Under an applied electric field, these materials undergo electrochemical oxidation-reduction reactions, gaining or losing electrons or ions, causing a change in color. This results in changes in color or light transmittance in the electrochromic device. Typically, electrochromic devices require post-processing steps during fabrication, such as lamination, to ensure a more stable structure.

[0003] However, currently used electrochromic devices generally have high dark-state transmittance after post-processing, resulting in low display contrast. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method for preparing an electrochromic device and an electrochromic device, which solves the problem of low display contrast caused by the high dark-state transmittance of electrochromic devices in related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for fabricating an electrochromic device, comprising:

[0006] An electrochromic substrate is provided, the electrochromic substrate comprising a first base layer, a first conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, a second conductive layer, and a second base layer stacked sequentially;

[0007] Determine whether the electrochromic layer is in a first charged state;

[0008] When the electrochromic layer is in the first charged state, the electrochromic substrate is subjected to heat treatment or heat-pressurization treatment to obtain an electrochromic device.

[0009] In some embodiments, before determining whether the electrochromic layer is in a first state of charge, the method further includes:

[0010] The electrochromic substrate is subjected to a first charge or discharge treatment to bring the electrochromic layer into a second charged state.

[0011] In some embodiments, the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer in the second charged state is greater than or equal to the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer in the first charged state.

[0012] In some embodiments, after determining whether the electrochromic layer is in a first state of charge, the method further includes:

[0013] When the electrochromic layer is not in the first charged state, the electrochromic substrate is subjected to a second charging or discharging treatment to bring the electrochromic layer into a third charged state.

[0014] In some embodiments, determining whether the electrochromic layer is in a first state of charge includes at least one of the following methods:

[0015] Determine whether the electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state;

[0016] Determine whether the charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge.

[0017] Determine whether the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and,

[0018] Determine whether the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance;

[0019] The electrochromic layer being in the first charged state includes at least one of the following:

[0020] The electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state;

[0021] The charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge.

[0022] The open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and...

[0023] The transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance.

[0024] In some embodiments, the electrochromic layer being in a second charged state includes at least one of the following:

[0025] The electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state;

[0026] The charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge.

[0027] The open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and...

[0028] The transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance.

[0029] In some embodiments, determining whether the electrochromic layer is in a first state of charge includes at least one of the following methods:

[0030] Determine whether the electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state;

[0031] Determine whether the charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge.

[0032] Determine whether the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and,

[0033] Determine whether the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance;

[0034] The electrochromic layer is not in the first charged state including at least one of the following situations:

[0035] The electrochromic layer is not in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state;

[0036] The charge of the electrochromic substrate is less than a preset charge.

[0037] The open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is less than a preset voltage; and...

[0038] The light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is less than the preset light transmittance;

[0039] The electrochromic layer being in a third charged state includes at least one of the following:

[0040] The electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state;

[0041] The charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge.

[0042] The open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and...

[0043] The transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance.

[0044] In some embodiments, the preset charge includes at least one of: 0C, 10% of the maximum charge of the electrochromic substrate, and 90% of the maximum charge of the electrochromic substrate; and / or,

[0045] The preset voltage includes at least one of: 0V, 0.5V, and 1.2V; and / or,

[0046] The preset transmittance includes at least one of the following: 1% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate, 10% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate, and 90% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate.

[0047] In some embodiments, the electrochromic substrate further includes:

[0048] A first glass and a first adhesive layer, wherein the first adhesive layer is disposed on the side of the first base layer opposite to the first conductive layer, and the first glass is disposed on the side of the first adhesive layer opposite to the first base layer; and

[0049] The second glass and the second adhesive layer are provided on the side of the second base layer opposite to the second conductive layer, and the second glass is provided on the side of the second adhesive layer opposite to the second base layer.

[0050] In some embodiments, the heat treatment includes:

[0051] The electrochromic substrate is heated in an environment with a temperature higher than a first preset temperature for at least a first preset time.

[0052] In some embodiments, the heating and pressurizing process includes:

[0053] The electrochromic substrate is heated and pressurized in an environment with a temperature greater than a second preset temperature and an air pressure greater than a preset air pressure for at least a second preset time.

[0054] Secondly, this application provides an electrochromic device, which can be prepared by the electrochromic device preparation method described above.

[0055] In some embodiments, the electrochromic device has at least one of the following properties:

[0056] The minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is less than 0.5%;

[0057] The ratio of the maximum transmittance of the electrochromic device to the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is greater than 35.

[0058] The specific capacitance of the electrochromic device is greater than 8.5 F / m. 2 ;

[0059] The impedance of the electrochromic device is less than 6.5Ω; and,

[0060] When the electrochromic device is in the minimum transmittance state, the absorbance of the electrochromic device for visible light with a wavelength of 480-700nm is greater than 2.6Abs.

[0061] In the method for fabricating an electrochromic device provided in this application, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer in the electrochromic substrate can be electrically connected to an external power source. When the first and second conductive layers are energized, they can drive the insertion or extraction of ions or electrons in the ion storage layer and the electrochromic layer, thereby changing the color of the electrochromic layer. By applying different voltages to the first and second conductive layers, such as applying voltages in different directions, the electrochromic layer can exhibit different color display effects, such as coloring and fading effects, thus realizing the color-changing function of the electrochromic substrate. The current state of the electrochromic layer can be determined by judging whether it is in a first state of charge. When the electrochromic layer is in the first state of charge, the electrochromic substrate is heated or subjected to heating and pressurization, such as performing a lamination process, thereby further stabilizing the structure of the electrochromic substrate to form an electrochromic device. By heating or pressurizing the electrochromic layer already in its first state of charge, the conjugated structure within the electrochromic layer can be significantly enhanced. For example, this strengthens the π-π stacking between adjacent polymer chains, leading to an increase in the effective conjugated length within the polymer chains, stronger electronic coupling between polymer chains, increased packing density within the layer, reduced polymer chain aggregation, more uniform electronic state distribution, and an increase in the number of electronic states within a given energy range. This increases the absorption intensity of the electrochromic layer in the visible spectrum, resulting in lower dark-state transmittance in the electrochromic device prepared by this method. Consequently, the overall contrast of the electrochromic device is higher, and it exhibits superior optical performance. Attached Figure Description

[0062] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of embodiments of this application will become more readily understood through the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of this application will be described by way of example and non-limitation, wherein:

[0063] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for fabricating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrochromic substrate in the electrochromic device fabrication method of this application embodiment;

[0065] Figure 3 This is another schematic diagram of the electrochromic substrate in the electrochromic device fabrication method of this application embodiment;

[0066] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the results of cyclic voltammetry testing of an electrochromic device prepared by the method of this embodiment and an electrochromic device prepared by the method of the comparative example.

[0067] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram showing the results of impedance detection of an electrochromic device prepared by the method of this embodiment and an electrochromic device prepared by the comparative method.

[0068] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the results of absorption spectroscopy detection of an electrochromic device prepared by the method described in this embodiment of the invention and an electrochromic device prepared by the method described in the comparative example.

[0069] Figure label:

[0070] 10-Electrochromic matrix,

[0071] 100 - First base layer, 200 - First conductive layer, 300 - Electrochromic layer, 400 - Electrolyte layer, 500 - Ion storage layer, 600 - Second conductive layer, 700 - Second base layer, 800 - First glass, 810 - First adhesive layer, 900 - Second glass, 910 - Second adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0073] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0074] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0075] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0076] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0078] Electrochromic devices consist of electrochromic materials that undergo electrochemical oxidation-reduction reactions under an applied electric field, gaining or losing electrons or ions, thus changing the material's color and causing the electrochromic device to exhibit changes in color or light transmittance. Typically, electrochromic devices require post-processing steps during fabrication, such as lamination, to ensure a more stable structure.

[0079] However, currently used electrochromic devices generally have high dark-state transmittance after post-processing, resulting in low display contrast.

[0080] In the method for fabricating an electrochromic device proposed in this application, the first and second conductive layers in the electrochromic substrate can be electrically connected to an external power source. When the first and second conductive layers are energized, they can drive the insertion or extraction of ions or electrons in the ion storage layer and the electrochromic layer, thereby changing the color of the electrochromic layer. By applying different voltages to the first and second conductive layers, such as applying voltages in different directions, the electrochromic layer can exhibit different color display effects, such as coloring and fading effects, thus realizing the color-changing function of the electrochromic substrate. The current state of the electrochromic layer can be determined by judging whether it is in a first state of charge. When the electrochromic layer is in the first state of charge, the electrochromic substrate is heated or subjected to heating and pressurization, such as performing a lamination process, thereby further stabilizing the structure of the electrochromic substrate to form an electrochromic device. By heating or pressurizing the electrochromic layer already in its first state of charge, the conjugated structure within the electrochromic layer can be significantly enhanced. For example, this strengthens the π-π stacking between adjacent polymer chains, leading to an increase in the effective conjugated length within the polymer chains, stronger electronic coupling between polymer chains, increased packing density within the layer, reduced polymer chain aggregation, more uniform electronic state distribution, and an increase in the number of electronic states within a given energy range. This increases the absorption intensity of the electrochromic layer in the visible spectrum and improves the regularity of the molecular arrangement within the electrochromic layer. Electrochromic devices prepared in this way have lower dark-state transmittance, thereby improving the overall contrast of the electrochromic device and significantly enhancing its optical performance, resulting in superior optical performance.

[0081] The following detailed description, with reference to specific embodiments, illustrates the method for preparing the electrochromic device provided in this application and the electrochromic device prepared by the method.

[0082] This application provides a method for fabricating an electrochromic device, which can be used to fabricate an electrochromic device. (Reference) Figure 1 As shown, the method may include: step S100, providing an electrochromic substrate; step S200, determining whether the electrochromic layer is in a first charged state; step S300, when the electrochromic layer is in the first charged state, performing a heating treatment or a heating and pressurizing treatment on the electrochromic substrate to obtain an electrochromic device.

[0083] In step S100, an electrochromic substrate is provided. (Reference) Figure 2 As shown, the electrochromic substrate 10 may include a first base layer 100, a first conductive layer 200, an electrochromic layer 300, an electrolyte layer 400, an ion storage layer 500, a second conductive layer 600, and a second base layer 700, which are stacked sequentially.

[0084] The first base layer 100 and the second base layer 700 are the basic components of the electrochromic device of this application. The first base layer 100 and the second base layer 700 can provide a mounting base for at least some other components of the electrochromic device and serve to protect those components. The first base layer 100 and the second base layer 700 can be made of glass or other materials, such as polymer materials. In some embodiments, the first base layer 100 and the second base layer 700 can be made of polyethylene terephthalate.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first base layer 100 and the second base layer 700 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first conductive layer 200, the electrolyte layer 400, the ion storage layer 500, the second conductive layer 600, and the electrochromic layer 300 are all located between the first base layer 100 and the second base layer 700. The first base layer 100, the first conductive layer 200, the electrochromic layer 300, the electrolyte layer 400, the ion storage layer 500, the second conductive layer 600, and the second base layer 700 are sequentially stacked. The first conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 600 can be electrically connected to an external power source. When the first conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 600 are energized, they can drive the movement of ions or electrons in the ion storage layer 500, the electrolyte layer 400, and the electrochromic layer 300, thereby changing the color of the electrochromic layer 300. By applying voltages or currents of different magnitudes or directions to the first conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 600, the electrochromic layer 300 can exhibit different color display effects, thus achieving a color-changing function.

[0086] In step S200, it is determined whether the electrochromic layer is in a first charged state. The electrochromic layer 300 being in a first charged state refers to the state when the electrochromic layer 300 has adsorbed ions or electrons.

[0087] In step S300, when the electrochromic layer is in a first charged state, the electrochromic substrate is subjected to heat treatment or heat-pressure treatment to obtain an electrochromic device. Heating or pressurizing the electrochromic substrate 10 makes the connections between the various layers within the electrochromic substrate 10 more compact, thus making the structure of the electrochromic device prepared by the method of this embodiment more stable. Furthermore, when the electrochromic substrate 10 undergoes heat treatment or heat-pressure treatment, the electrochromic layer 300 within it also undergoes heat treatment or heat-pressure treatment. After heat treatment or heat-pressure treatment, the activity of the polymer chain segments within the electrochromic layer 300 is enhanced, causing the originally complex molecular structure within the electrochromic layer 300 to tend towards an ordered arrangement. This enhances the absorption capacity of the electrochromic layer 300 for visible light, resulting in a decrease in the dark-state transmittance of the prepared electrochromic device.

[0088] Since the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first charged state, when the electrochromic substrate 10 in the first charged state is subjected to heat treatment or heat-pressure treatment, the conjugation effect of at least some molecular chains in the electrochromic layer 300 can be significantly enhanced, making these molecular chains more likely to form a planar configuration. This effectively increases the possibility of intermolecular conjugation within the electrochromic layer 300. This facilitates effective charge conduction between molecules within the electrochromic layer 300, enhancing the absorption capacity of the electrochromic layer 300 for visible light. Consequently, the transmittance range of the electrochromic device is further increased, and the dark-state transmittance of the electrochromic device is further reduced. Correspondingly, the difference or ratio between the bright-state transmittance and the dark-state transmittance of the electrochromic device increases, thereby increasing the contrast or magnification of the electrochromic device and giving it superior optical performance.

[0089] In some embodiments, in the electrochromic device fabrication method of this application, before determining whether the electrochromic layer is in the first state of charge in step S200, the electrochromic device fabrication method further includes: step S400, performing a first charging or discharging treatment on the electrochromic substrate to make the electrochromic layer in the second state of charge.

[0090] In step S400, by performing a first charge or discharge treatment on the electrochromic substrate 10, the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 can be placed in a second charged state. Specifically, if the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a second charged state before the first charge or discharge treatment, performing a first charge or discharge treatment on the electrochromic substrate 10 can create an electric field. Under the action of the electric field force, the material in the electrochromic substrate 10 can undergo charge transfer, thereby placing the electrochromic layer 300 in a second charged state.

[0091] Of course, if the electrochromic substrate 10 is already in a second state of charge before the first charging or discharging treatment, the state of charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be further enhanced by performing the first charging or discharging treatment on the electrochromic substrate 10.

[0092] Furthermore, it should be understood that, under different material systems, the electrochromic layer 300 can be placed in a second state of charge by charging or discharging the electrochromic substrate 10. Specifically, in some embodiments, under certain material systems, the electrochromic layer 300 can be placed in a second state of charge by charging the electrochromic substrate 10. In other embodiments, under certain material systems, the electrochromic layer 300 can be placed in a second state of charge by discharging the electrochromic substrate 10. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0093] In some embodiments, in the electrochromic device fabrication method of this application, after determining whether the electrochromic layer is in the first state of charge in step S200, the electrochromic device fabrication method further includes: step S500, when the electrochromic layer is not in the first state of charge, performing a second charging or discharging treatment on the electrochromic substrate to make the electrochromic layer in the third state of charge.

[0094] In step S500, specifically, if it is determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is not in the first charged state, in order to prepare an electrochromic device with good optical performance, a second charging or discharging treatment can be performed on the electrochromic substrate 10 to bring the electrochromic layer 300 into a third charged state. After heating or heating and pressurizing the electrochromic substrate 10, the dark-state transmittance of the prepared electrochromic device can be relatively lower, resulting in excellent contrast parameters.

[0095] Furthermore, after determining that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge, the electrochromic substrate 10 can be subjected to a second charging or discharging process. This can further enhance the state of charge of the electrochromic layer 300, so that the dark state transmittance of the electrochromic device prepared by this method can be relatively lower, and the electrochromic device can have excellent contrast performance.

[0096] In some embodiments, to place the electrochromic layer 300 in a second or third state of charge, the electrochromic substrate 10 can be subjected to the same or different charging or discharging processes. That is, the parameters of the first charging or discharging process can be the same or different from the parameters of the second charging or discharging process, thereby causing the electrochromic layer to reach the same or different degrees of charge. In some embodiments, the charging or discharging process can be a charging process. In other embodiments, the charging or discharging process can be a discharging process. Different processing methods can be selected depending on the actual situation. The parameters of the charging process can include at least one of charging time, charging cut-off current, and charging cut-off capacity; the parameters of the discharging process can include at least one of discharging time, discharging cut-off current, and discharging cut-off capacity. By controlling the charging or discharging parameters to be the same, the electrochromic layer can be controlled to reach the same state of charge; by controlling the charging or discharging parameters to be different, the electrochromic layer can be controlled to reach different states of charge.

[0097] For example, with a fixed charging voltage, a longer charging time for the electrochromic substrate 10 results in a higher degree of charge on the electrochromic substrate 10. When it is necessary to reduce the degree of charge on the electrochromic substrate 10, this can be achieved through a discharge process, such as discharging the electrochromic substrate 10 using specific discharge parameters, leaving the electrochromic substrate 10 stationary, or short-circuiting the electrochromic substrate 10.

[0098] The state of charge of the electrochromic layer as defined in this application embodiment can refer to the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300, which can represent the number of ions or electrons adsorbed by the electrochromic layer 300. Whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in a charged state, or the degree of charge in a certain charged state, can be determined in a variety of different ways. In some embodiments, the state of charge (i.e., the degree of charge) can be determined by judging the number of ions or electrons adsorbed on the electrochromic layer 300. For example, if the electrochromic layer 300 has ions or electrons adsorbed on it, it can be considered to be in a charged state. The more ions or electrons it adsorbs, the higher the degree of charge of its corresponding charged state.

[0099] In some embodiments, the state of charge (i.e., degree of charge) can also be determined by judging whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in an oxidized state, an equilibrium state, or a reduced state. For example, in some material systems, when the electrochromic layer 300 is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state, it indicates that the electrochromic layer 300 is in a charged state, and the higher the degree of oxidation, the higher the degree of charge corresponding to its charged state. Conversely, in other material systems, when the electrochromic layer 300 is in a reduced state, it indicates that the electrochromic layer 300 is in a charged state, and the higher the degree of reduction, the higher the degree of charge corresponding to its charged state.

[0100] In other embodiments, the state of charge can be determined by judging the magnitude of the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10. For example, the greater the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10, the higher the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300.

[0101] In some other embodiments, the state of charge can be determined by judging the magnitude of the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10. For example, in some material systems, a larger open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 indicates that the electrochromic layer 300 is in a more charged state. Conversely, in other material systems, a smaller open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 indicates that the electrochromic layer 300 is in a more charged state.

[0102] In some embodiments, the state of charge can be determined by judging the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate. For example, in some material systems, the higher the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate, the higher the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer. Conversely, in other material systems, the lower the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate, the higher the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer.

[0103] In some embodiments, in step S200, determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first charged state includes at least one of the following: determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state, determining whether the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset charge, determining whether the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage, and determining whether the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance.

[0104] In some embodiments, determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first state of charge can be done by determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state. In other embodiments, determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first state of charge can be done by determining whether the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset charge. In still other embodiments, determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first state of charge can be done by determining whether the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage. In yet another embodiment, determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first state of charge can be done by determining whether the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance. In still other embodiments, determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first state of charge can include any combination of two or more of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0105] The electrochromic layer 300 being in a first charged state includes at least one of the following: the electrochromic layer 300 being in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset charge; the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance.

[0106] In some embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in a first charged state can be an oxidized state or an equilibrium state. In other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in a first charged state can be a charge on the electrochromic substrate 10 greater than or equal to a preset charge. In still other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in a first charged state can be an open-circuit voltage on the electrochromic substrate 10 greater than or equal to a preset voltage. In yet another embodiment, the electrochromic layer 300 being in a first charged state can be a light transmittance on the electrochromic substrate 10 greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance. In still other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in a first charged state can include any combination of two or more of the above embodiments.

[0107] Specifically, when the electrochromic layer 300 is detected and it is determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first charged state. Of course, depending on the material system, in some embodiments, determining that the electrochromic layer 300 is in a reduced state can also correspond to it being in a first charged state.

[0108] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first charged state by measuring the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10, the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be compared with a preset charge. When the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset charge, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first charged state.

[0109] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge by measuring the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10, the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then compared with a preset voltage. When the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge.

[0110] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge by measuring the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then compared with a preset transmittance. When the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge. Here, the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 refers to the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 to visible light.

[0111] In some embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 not being in the first charged state includes at least one of the following: the electrochromic layer 300 is not in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than a preset charge; the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than a preset voltage; and the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than a preset light transmittance.

[0112] In some embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 not being in the first charged state can mean that the electrochromic layer 300 is not in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state. In other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 not being in the first charged state can mean that the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than a preset charge. In still other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 not being in the first charged state can mean that the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than a preset voltage. In yet another embodiment, the electrochromic layer 300 not being in the first charged state can mean that the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than a preset light transmittance. In still other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 not being in the first charged state can include any combination of two or more of the above embodiments.

[0113] Specifically, when the electrochromic layer 300 is detected and it is determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is not in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state, for example, in a reduced state, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is not in a first charged state. Of course, depending on the material system, in some embodiments, determining that the electrochromic layer 300 is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state may also correspond to it not being in a first charged state.

[0114] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first charged state by measuring the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10, the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be compared with a preset charge. If the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than the preset charge, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is not in the first charged state.

[0115] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge by measuring the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10, the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then compared with a preset voltage. When the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than the preset voltage, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is not in the first state of charge.

[0116] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first charged state by measuring the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be compared with a preset transmittance. When the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than the preset transmittance, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is not in the first charged state.

[0117] Therefore, by setting multiple methods to determine whether the electrochromic layer is in the first state of charge, different determination methods can be set for different application scenarios, thereby simplifying or optimizing the fabrication method of electrochromic devices and improving the applicability of the method.

[0118] In embodiments of this application, the electrochromic layer 300 being in a second charged state may include at least one of the following: the electrochromic layer 300 being in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset charge; the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance.

[0119] In some embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the second charged state can be in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state. In other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the second charged state can be when the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset charge. In still other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the second charged state can be when the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage. In yet another embodiment, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the second charged state can be when the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance. In still other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the second charged state can include any combination of two or more of the above embodiments.

[0120] Specifically, when the electrochromic layer 300 is detected and it is determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in a second charged state. Of course, depending on the material system, in some embodiments, when the electrochromic layer 300 is determined to be in a reduced state, it can also correspond to it being in a second charged state.

[0121] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the second charged state by measuring the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10, the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be compared with a preset charge. When the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset charge, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the second charged state.

[0122] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the second state of charge by measuring the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10, the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then compared with a preset voltage. When the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the second state of charge.

[0123] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the second state of charge by measuring the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first. Then, the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be compared with a preset transmittance. When the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the second state of charge. The transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 refers to its transmittance of visible light.

[0124] In embodiments of this application, the electrochromic layer 300 being in a third charged state may include at least one of the following: the electrochromic layer 300 being in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset charge; the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 being greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance.

[0125] In some embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the third charged state can be an oxidized state or an equilibrium state. In other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the third charged state can be a state where the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset charge. In still other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the third charged state can be a state where the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage. In yet another embodiment, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the third charged state can be a state where the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance. In still other embodiments, the electrochromic layer 300 being in the third charged state can include any combination of two or more of the above embodiments.

[0126] Specifically, when the electrochromic layer 300 is detected and it is determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in a third charged state. Of course, depending on the material system, in some embodiments, when the electrochromic layer 300 is determined to be in a reduced state, it can also correspond to it being in a third charged state.

[0127] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the third charge state by measuring the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10, the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be compared with a preset charge. When the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset charge, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the third charge state.

[0128] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the third state of charge by measuring the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10, the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first, and then compared with a preset voltage. When the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the third state of charge.

[0129] When determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the third state of charge by measuring the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be detected first. Then, the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be compared with a preset transmittance. When the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 is in the third state of charge. The transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 refers to its transmittance of visible light.

[0130] In the embodiments of this application, the first, second, and third states of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 can be the same or different. That is, examples of methods for determining whether the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first, second, and third states of charge include whether the electrochromic layer is in an oxidized or equilibrium state, the charge of the electrochromic substrate, the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate, and the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate. The corresponding parameters can be the same or different for different states of charge. For example, preset charges, preset voltages, and preset transmittance can be defined for the first state of charge, the second state of charge, and the third state of charge; the values ​​or ranges of these parameters can be the same or different.

[0131] In some embodiments, the preset charge level can be 0C. That is, after detecting the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10, if the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 0C, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. If the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than 0C, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. Thus, by ensuring that the charge level of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to 0C, it can be guaranteed that the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate is in a charged state. Therefore, after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, the prepared electrochromic device can have excellent optical performance, such as lower dark-state transmittance, or greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state transmittance and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state transmittance to dark-state transmittance).

[0132] In other embodiments, the preset charge level can be set to 10% of the maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10. The maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 refers to the full charge level that the electrochromic substrate 10 can reach or is defined to reach. The maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 is determined by parameters such as the material and dimensions of the electrochromic substrate 10 itself. After detecting the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10, if the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 10% of the maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. If the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than 10% of the maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. Therefore, by ensuring that the charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to 10% of its maximum charge, the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate can be kept in a high state of charge. This allows the electrochromic device to have superior optical performance after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, such as lower dark-state transmittance, greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state transmittance and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state transmittance to dark-state transmittance).

[0133] In some embodiments, the preset charge level can also be set to 90% of the maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10. The maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 refers to the full charge level that the electrochromic substrate 10 can reach or is defined to reach. The maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 is determined by parameters such as the material and dimensions of the electrochromic substrate 10 itself. After detecting the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10, if the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 90% of the maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. If the charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than 90% of the maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. Therefore, by ensuring that the charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to 90% of its maximum charge, the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate can be kept in a sufficiently high charged state. This allows the electrochromic device to have sufficiently superior optical performance after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, such as lower dark-state transmittance, greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state transmittance and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state transmittance to dark-state transmittance).

[0134] In some embodiments, the preset voltage can be set to 0V. That is, after detecting the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10, if the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 0V, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. If the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than 0V, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. Thus, by making the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate greater than or equal to 0V, it can be ensured that the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate is in a charged state, thereby enabling the prepared electrochromic device to have excellent optical performance after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, such as lower dark-state transmittance, or greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state transmittance and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state transmittance to dark-state transmittance).

[0135] In some embodiments, the preset voltage can also be set to 0.5V. After detecting the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10, if the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 0.5V, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. If the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than 0.5V, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. Therefore, by ensuring that the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to 0.5V, the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate can be kept in a highly charged state. This allows the electrochromic device to have superior optical performance after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, such as lower dark-state transmittance, greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state transmittance and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state transmittance to dark-state transmittance).

[0136] In some embodiments, the preset voltage can also be set to 1.2V. After detecting the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10, if the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 1.2V, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. If the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is less than 1.2V, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first charged state, a second charged state, or a third charged state. Therefore, by ensuring that the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to 1.2V, the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate can be kept in a sufficiently high charged state. This allows the electrochromic device to have sufficiently superior optical performance after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, such as lower dark-state transmittance, greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state transmittance and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state transmittance to dark-state transmittance).

[0137] Furthermore, it should be noted that the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 in this application refers to the voltage corresponding to the electrochromic substrate 10 when it is in an open-circuit state. The detection of the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be the voltage value inherent to the electrochromic substrate 10 when it has not been charged or discharged; it can also be the voltage value obtained immediately after the electrochromic substrate 10 has been charged or discharged; or it can be the voltage value obtained after waiting for a certain period of time (e.g., 20s, 1min, or 2min) for its voltage to stabilize after the electrochromic substrate 10 has been charged or discharged.

[0138] In the embodiments of this application, the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 refers to the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 to visible light. The maximum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 refers to the maximum transmittance that the electrochromic substrate 10 can achieve or is defined as achievable, and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 refers to the minimum transmittance that the electrochromic substrate 10 can achieve or is defined as achievable. The difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is specifically the maximum contrast ratio of the electrochromic substrate 10. The ratio of the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is specifically the magnification of the electrochromic substrate 10.

[0139] In some embodiments, the preset transmittance is 1% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10. When the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is detected to be greater than or equal to 1% of the difference between the maximum and minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first state of charge, a second state of charge, or a third state of charge. Conversely, when the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is detected to be less than 1% of the difference between the maximum and minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first state of charge, a second state of charge, or a third state of charge. Therefore, by ensuring that the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to 1% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, it is possible to ensure that the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate is in a charged state. As a result, after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, the prepared electrochromic device can have excellent optical performance, such as lower dark-state transmittance, or greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state transmittance and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state transmittance to dark-state transmittance).

[0140] In other embodiments, the preset transmittance can be 10% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10. When the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is detected to be greater than or equal to 10% of the difference between the maximum and minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first state of charge, a second state of charge, or a third state of charge. Conversely, when the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is detected to be less than 10% of the difference between the maximum and minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first state of charge, a second state of charge, or a third state of charge. Therefore, by ensuring that the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to 10% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate can be kept in a highly charged state. This allows the electrochromic device to have superior optical performance after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, such as lower dark-state transmittance, greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state to dark-state transmittance).

[0141] In some embodiments, the preset transmittance can be 90% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10. When the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is detected to be greater than or equal to 90% of the difference between the maximum and minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic substrate 10 is in a first state of charge, a second state of charge, or a third state of charge. Conversely, when the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is detected to be less than 90% of the difference between the maximum and minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, it can be determined that the electrochromic substrate 10 is not in a first state of charge, a second state of charge, or a third state of charge. Therefore, by ensuring that the transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to 90% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, it is possible to ensure that the electrochromic layer in the electrochromic substrate is in a sufficiently high charged state. Thus, after subsequent heating or pressurization treatment, the prepared electrochromic device can have sufficiently excellent optical performance, such as lower dark-state transmittance, or greater optical contrast (the difference between bright-state transmittance and dark-state transmittance), or greater magnification (the ratio of bright-state transmittance to dark-state transmittance).

[0142] In some embodiments, the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer corresponding to the first state of charge, the second state of charge, and the third state of charge can be the same. That is, the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the third state of charge can be equal to the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the first state of charge, or it can be equal to the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the second state of charge; the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the second state of charge can be equal to the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the first state of charge.

[0143] In other embodiments, the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 may differ in the first, second, and third charged states. For example, the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the second charged state may be greater than the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the first charged state. Alternatively, the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the third charged state may be greater than the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer 300 in the first charged state.

[0144] Specifically, when the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge, it can be in an equilibrium state, while when it is in the second or third state of charge, it can be in an oxidized state. Alternatively, when the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge, the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset charge, where the preset charge is 0C; when the electrochromic layer 300 is in the second or third state of charge, the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset charge, where the preset charge is a value greater than 0C, such as 10% of the maximum charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 or 90% of the maximum charge of the electrochromic substrate 10, etc. Alternatively, when the electrochromic layer 300 is in the first state of charge, the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage, where the preset voltage is 0V; when the electrochromic layer 300 is in the second or third state of charge, the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage, where the preset voltage is a value greater than 0V, such as 0.5V or 1.2V. Alternatively, when the electrochromic layer 300 is in a first charged state, the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance, where the preset light transmittance is 0 or 1% of the difference between the maximum and minimum light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10; when the electrochromic layer 300 is in a second or third charged state, the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the preset light transmittance, where the preset light transmittance is a value greater than 0 or 1% of the difference between the maximum and minimum light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, such as 10% of the difference between the maximum and minimum light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, or 90% of the difference between the maximum and minimum light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate 10, etc.

[0145] Typically, the electrochromic substrate 10 may need to be left to stand for a certain period of time before heat treatment or heat-pressure treatment. During this period, the charge level of the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 may gradually decrease. Therefore, in order to ensure that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 remains in a charged state or a highly charged state during heat treatment or heat-pressure treatment, the electrochromic substrate 10 can be charged or discharged to bring the electrochromic layer 300 to a second or third charged state with the same or higher charge level. This ensures that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 remains in the first charged state after a certain period of time, thus better ensuring that the electrochromic layer 300 in the electrochromic substrate 10 remains in a charged state during heat treatment or heat-pressure treatment, thereby ensuring that the prepared electrochromic device has sufficiently excellent optical performance.

[0146] In some embodiments, when the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 of this application is greater than 0C, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 of the electrochromic substrate 10 is in an oxidized state. Correspondingly, when the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 is equal to 0C, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 of the electrochromic substrate 10 is in an equilibrium state.

[0147] When the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is greater than 0V, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 of the electrochromic substrate 10 is in an oxidized state. Correspondingly, when the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate 10 is equal to 0V, it can be determined that the electrochromic layer 300 of the electrochromic substrate 10 is in an equilibrium state.

[0148] After the electrochromic substrate 10 switches to the oxidation state through charging or discharging, the charge of the electrochromic substrate 10 can be reduced to 0C or the open circuit voltage can be reduced to 0V by shorting or leaving it to stand, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 switches to the equilibrium state.

[0149] In some embodiments, the electrochromic substrate 10 of this application further includes a first glass 800, a second glass 900, a first adhesive layer 810, and a second adhesive layer 910. The first adhesive layer 810 is disposed on the side of the first base layer 100 facing away from the first conductive layer 200, and the first glass 800 is disposed on the side of the first adhesive layer 810 facing away from the first base layer 100. The opposite sides of the first adhesive layer 810 are bonded to the first base layer 100 and the first glass 800, respectively, so that the first glass 800 can be covered and fixed to the first base layer 100. The second adhesive layer 910 is disposed on the side of the second base layer 700 facing away from the second conductive layer 600, and the second glass 900 is disposed on the side of the second adhesive layer 910 facing away from the second base layer 700. The opposite sides of the second adhesive layer 910 are bonded to the second base layer 700 and the second glass 900, respectively, so that the second glass 900 can be covered and fixed to the second base layer 700. By subjecting the electrochromic substrate 10 to heat treatment or heat-pressurization treatment, the electrochromic substrate 10 can complete the lamination process, and the connection between the various layers in the electrochromic substrate 10 is more compact. Thus, the structure of the electrochromic device prepared by the method of this application is more stable.

[0150] The surface area of ​​the first glass 800 facing the first substrate 100 can be set to be larger than the surface area of ​​the first substrate 100 facing the first glass 800, so that the first glass 800 can completely cover the first substrate 100. Similarly, the surface area of ​​the second glass 900 facing the second substrate 700 can be set to be larger than the surface area of ​​the second substrate 700 facing the second glass 900, so that the second glass 900 can completely cover the second substrate 700. In this way, the first glass 800 and the second glass 900 can sufficiently cover and protect the other layers of the electrochromic substrate 10, thereby improving the structural reliability of the electrochromic device prepared by the method of this application.

[0151] The first adhesive layer 810 can be made of transparent adhesive materials such as PVB (polyvinyl butyral). After the first glass 800 is bonded to the first base layer 100 through the first adhesive layer 810, the electrochromic substrate 10 can be fully bonded and fixed to the first adhesive layer 810, the first glass 800, and the first base layer 100 after being treated with high temperature or high temperature and high pressure.

[0152] The first adhesive layer 810 can also be made of transparent adhesive materials such as OCA (optical adhesive), so that the first glass 800 can also be reliably bonded to the first base layer 100 through the first adhesive layer 810.

[0153] The second adhesive layer 910 can be made of transparent adhesive materials such as PVB (polyvinyl butyral). After the second glass 900 is bonded to the second base layer 700 through the second adhesive layer 910, the electrochromic substrate 10 can be fully bonded and fixed to the second adhesive layer 910, the second glass 900, and the second base layer 700 after being treated with high temperature or high temperature and high pressure.

[0154] The second adhesive layer 910 can also be made of transparent adhesive materials such as OCA (optical adhesive), so that the second glass 900 can also be reliably bonded to the second base layer 700 through the second adhesive layer 910.

[0155] In some embodiments, during the heat treatment of the electrochromic substrate 10 in step S300, the electrochromic substrate 10 can be heated in an environment with a temperature higher than a first preset temperature for at least a first preset time. This enhances the activity of the polymer chain segments in the electrochromic layer 300 of the electrochromic substrate 10, causing the originally complex molecular structure within the electrochromic layer 300 to tend towards an ordered arrangement, thereby resulting in a relatively lower dark-state transmittance of the electrochromic device prepared by this method. The values ​​of the first preset temperature and the first preset time are not particularly limited. For example, the first preset temperature can be any value greater than or equal to 50°C, or any value greater than or equal to 80°C, or any value greater than or equal to 100°C. Exemplarily, the first preset time can be any value less than or equal to 8 hours, or any value less than or equal to 5 hours, or any value less than or equal to 3 hours.

[0156] In some embodiments, the first preset temperature in this application may be set to 50°C and the first preset time may be set to 3 hours, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 can be sufficiently heated.

[0157] In some embodiments, the first preset temperature in this application may be set to 65°C and the first preset time may be set to 2 hours, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 can be sufficiently heated.

[0158] In some embodiments, the first preset temperature in this application may be set to 80°C and the first preset time may be set to 1 hour, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 can be sufficiently heated.

[0159] In some embodiments, the first preset temperature in this application may be set to 100°C and the first preset time may be set to 0.5h, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 can be sufficiently heated.

[0160] In some embodiments, during the heating and pressurizing treatment of the electrochromic substrate 10 in step S300, the electrochromic substrate 10 can be heated and pressurized in an environment with a temperature higher than a second preset temperature and a pressure higher than a preset pressure for at least a second preset time. This enhances the activity of the polymer chain segments in the electrochromic layer 300 of the electrochromic substrate 10, causing the originally complex molecular structure within the electrochromic layer 300 to tend towards an ordered arrangement, thereby resulting in a relatively lower dark-state transmittance of the electrochromic device prepared by this method. The values ​​of the second preset temperature, preset pressure, and second preset time are not particularly limited. For example, the second preset temperature can be any value greater than or equal to 50°C, or any value greater than or equal to 80°C, or any value greater than or equal to 100°C. In addition, the preset air pressure can be any value greater than or equal to 5 standard atmospheres, or any value greater than or equal to 3 standard atmospheres, or any value greater than or equal to 1 standard atmosphere. For example, the second preset time can be any value less than or equal to 8 hours, or any value less than or equal to 5 hours, or any value less than or equal to 3 hours.

[0161] In some embodiments, the second preset temperature in this application can be set to 50°C, the preset air pressure can be set to 5 standard atmospheres, and the second preset time can be set to 3 hours, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 can be fully heated.

[0162] In some embodiments, the second preset temperature in this application may be set to 65°C, the preset air pressure may be set to 3 standard atmospheres, and the second preset time may be set to 2 hours, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 can be fully heated.

[0163] In some embodiments, the second preset temperature in this application may be set to 80°C, the preset air pressure may be set to 1 standard atmosphere, and the second preset time may be set to 1 hour, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 can be fully heated.

[0164] In some embodiments, the second preset temperature in this application may be set to 100°C, the preset air pressure may be set to 1 standard atmosphere, and the second preset time may be set to 0.5h, so that the electrochromic substrate 10 can be fully heated.

[0165] The first preset temperature and the second preset temperature can be the same or different; the first preset time and the second preset time can be the same or different.

[0166] This application also proposes an electrochromic device, which is prepared by the electrochromic device preparation method of this application.

[0167] In some embodiments, in order to detect whether the electrochromic device has achieved the target performance and has good dark light transmittance, various parameters of the electrochromic device can be detected in the electrochromic device prepared by the electrochromic device preparation method of this application.

[0168] In some implementations, the performance requirements of the electrochromic device can be determined by detecting whether its minimum transmittance is less than a preset transmittance. The preset transmittance can be set to 3%, meaning that when the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is less than 3%, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good low-light transmittance, resulting in higher contrast and superior optical performance.

[0169] In some embodiments, the preset transmittance in this application can also be set to 1.5%. That is, when the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is less than 1.5%, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good dark light transmittance. In this way, the electrochromic device has higher contrast and better optical performance.

[0170] In some embodiments, the preset transmittance in this application can also be set to 0.5%. That is, when the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is less than 0.5%, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good dark light transmittance, so that the electrochromic device has higher contrast and better optical performance.

[0171] In some implementations, the performance requirements of an electrochromic device can be determined by detecting whether the ratio of its maximum transmittance to its minimum transmittance is greater than a preset ratio. The preset ratio can be set to 15; that is, when the ratio of the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is greater than 15, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good low-light transmittance, resulting in higher contrast and superior optical performance.

[0172] In some embodiments, the preset ratio in this application can also be set to 25. That is, when the ratio of the maximum transmittance of the electrochromic device to the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is greater than 25, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good dark light transmittance. In this way, the electrochromic device has higher contrast and better optical performance.

[0173] In some embodiments, the preset ratio in this application can also be set to 35. That is, when the ratio of the maximum transmittance of the electrochromic device to the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is greater than 35, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good dark light transmittance. In this way, the electrochromic device has higher contrast and better optical performance.

[0174] In some implementations, the performance requirements of the electrochromic device can be determined by detecting whether its specific capacitance is greater than a preset specific capacitance. The preset specific capacitance can be set to 8.5 F / m. 2 That is, the specific capacitance of the electrochromic device is greater than 8.5 F / m. 2 When this is achieved, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good light transmittance in low light, thus the electrochromic device has higher contrast and better optical performance.

[0175] In some implementations, the performance requirements of the electrochromic device can be determined by detecting whether its impedance is less than a preset impedance. The preset impedance can be set to 6.5Ω; that is, when the impedance of the electrochromic device is less than 6.5Ω, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good low-light transmittance, resulting in higher contrast and superior optical performance.

[0176] In some implementations, the performance requirements of the electrochromic device can be determined by detecting whether its absorbance for visible light with wavelengths of 480-700 nm reaches a preset absorbance when the device is in its minimum transmittance state. The preset absorbance can be set to 2.6 Abs. That is, when the electrochromic device is in its minimum transmittance state and its absorbance for visible light with wavelengths of 480-700 nm reaches 2.6 Abs, it can be determined that the electrochromic device has good low-light transmittance, resulting in higher contrast and superior optical performance.

[0177] This application provides embodiments for preparing different electrochromic devices through multiple specific examples and comparative examples. The specific examples are electrochromic devices prepared using the electrochromic device preparation method of this application, where the electrochromic substrate is heated or subjected to heat and pressure treatment when the electrochromic layer is in a charged state (taking two sets of electrochromic layers in an oxidized state and two sets of electrochromic layers in an equilibrium state as examples). The comparative examples are the opposite of the specific examples, where the electrochromic substrate is heated or subjected to heat and pressure treatment when the electrochromic layer is in a non-charged state (taking two sets of electrochromic layers in a reduced state as an example). Various performance characteristics of the multiple sets of electrochromic devices prepared through the above specific examples and comparative examples were tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0178] On one hand, the electrochromic devices of the specific embodiments and comparative examples described above were tested using cyclic voltammetry. Specifically, multiple groups of electrochromic devices of the specific embodiments and comparative examples were tested using an electrochemical workstation. The scan rate was set to 0.04 V / s, and the voltage was gradually increased to 1.5 V and then gradually decreased to -1.2 V. The specific capacitance data was obtained by recording the voltage and current data. The specific test results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 In the figure, the curves corresponding to the first reduced state and the second reduced state refer to the voltage-current curves of the two sets of comparative electrochromic devices, and the curves corresponding to the first oxidized state, the second oxidized state, the first equilibrium state and the second equilibrium state refer to the voltage-current curves of the electrochromic devices of the four specific embodiments.

[0179] through Figure 4 Calculations show that the specific capacitance of the electrochromic device in the above specific embodiment is 8.86 F / m. 2 (First oxidation state), 8.82 F / m 2 (Second oxidation state), 8.64 F / m 2 (First equilibrium state) and 8.67 F / m 2 (Second equilibrium state). The specific capacitance of the comparative electrochromic device is 8.44 F / m. 2 (First reduced state) and 8.40F / m 2 (Second reduced state). It can be seen that the specific capacitance of the electrochromic devices (four specific embodiments) prepared by the preparation method of this application is greater than 8.5 F / m. 2 .

[0180] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, the voltage corresponding to the reduction peak (when the current in the curves corresponding to the first oxidation state, the second oxidation state, the first equilibrium state, and the second equilibrium state suddenly decreases and the curve slope is the largest) of the electrochromic device in the above specific embodiment is -0.65V, and the voltage corresponding to the reduction peak (when the current in the curves corresponding to the first reduction state and the second reduction state suddenly decreases and the curve slope is the largest) of the electrochromic device in the above comparative example is -0.55V.

[0181] Therefore, it can be seen that the specific capacitance of the electrochromic device prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a charged state (e.g., oxidized state or equilibrium state) is greater than that of the electrochromic device prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a non-charged state (e.g., reduced state). Furthermore, the reduction peak of the electrochromic device prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a charged state (e.g., oxidized state or equilibrium state) is delayed compared to the reduction peak of the electrochromic device prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a non-charged state (e.g., reduced state). Thus, it can be determined that the electrochromic device prepared by the preparation method of this application has a lower dark-state transmittance.

[0182] On the other hand, impedance (complex impedance) tests were also performed on the electrochromic devices of the above specific embodiments and comparative examples, and the test results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5 In the figure, the horizontal axis Z' represents the real part of the complex impedance, and the vertical axis Z" represents the imaginary part of the complex impedance. The curves corresponding to the first reduced state and the second reduced state refer to the impedance curves of the two sets of comparative electrochromic devices. The curves corresponding to the first oxidized state, the second oxidized state, the first equilibrium state and the second equilibrium state refer to the impedance curves of the electrochromic devices of the four specific embodiments.

[0183] Depend on Figure 5 Calculations show that the impedances of the electrochromic devices in the above specific embodiments are 5.2Ω (first oxidation state), 5.4Ω (second oxidation state), 5.64Ω (first equilibrium state), and 5.94Ω (second equilibrium state), respectively. The impedances of the electrochromic devices in the comparative examples are 6.5Ω (first reduction state) and 6.8Ω (second reduction state). It is evident that the impedances of the electrochromic devices (four specific embodiments) prepared by the preparation method of this application are all less than 6.5Ω, and further, the impedances of the electrochromic devices (four specific embodiments) prepared by the preparation method of this application are all less than 6.0Ω.

[0184] Therefore, it can be seen that the impedance of an electrochromic device prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a charged state (e.g., oxidized state or equilibrium state) is less than that of an electrochromic device prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a non-charged state (e.g., reduced state). Thus, the electrochromic device prepared by the preparation method of this application embodiment has better conductivity, i.e., faster color-changing speed, which can improve the color-changing efficiency of the electrochromic device and enhance the user experience.

[0185] Furthermore, the electrochromic devices of the above-described specific embodiments and comparative examples were charged or discharged to the state of minimum transmittance (darkest state), and their absorption spectra were measured to detect the absorbance of the electrochromic devices in the minimum transmittance state. The absorption spectra of the electrochromic devices for light with wavelengths of 380-1300 nm were mainly tested, and the specific results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Figure 6 In the figure, the curves corresponding to the first reduced state and the second reduced state refer to the absorption spectrum curves of the electrochromic devices in the two sets of comparative examples, and the curves corresponding to the first oxidized state, the second oxidized state, the first equilibrium state and the second equilibrium state refer to the absorption spectrum curves of the electrochromic devices in the four sets of specific embodiments.

[0186] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that the electrochromic devices in the above specific embodiments have absorbance greater than 2.6 Abs in the visible light range of 480nm-700nm at minimum transmittance, while the electrochromic devices in the comparative examples have absorbance less than 2.6 Abs in the same range at minimum transmittance. Therefore, it can be concluded that electrochromic devices prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a charged state (e.g., oxidized or equilibrium state) have greater absorbance in the visible light range of 480nm-700nm compared to electrochromic devices prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a non-charged state (e.g., reduced state). This indicates that the electrochromic devices prepared through the embodiments of this application have greater absorbance at minimum transmittance, which means they have lower dark-state transmittance.

[0187] On the other hand, the electrochromic devices of the above specific embodiments and comparative examples were charged or discharged to reach their maximum transmittance (brightest state) and minimum transmittance (darkest state), respectively. Their maximum (brightest state) and minimum transmittance were measured, and the magnification result (magnification = maximum transmittance ÷ minimum transmittance) was obtained by calculating the ratio of maximum transmittance to minimum transmittance. The specific data results are shown in Table 1 below. In Table 1, the data corresponding to the first reduction state and the second reduction state refer to the transmittance and magnification data of the electrochromic devices of the above two sets of comparative examples. The data corresponding to the first oxidation state, the second oxidation state, the first equilibrium state, and the second equilibrium state refer to the transmittance and magnification data of the electrochromic devices of the above four sets of specific embodiments.

[0188] Table 1 shows the transmittance and magnification data for each specific embodiment and comparative example.

[0189] Minimum transmittance Maximum light transmittance magnification First oxidation state 0.311％ 17.33％ 55.72 Second oxidation state 0.32％ 16.87％ 55.72 First equilibrium state 0.217％ 14.69％ 67.70 Second equilibrium state 0.256％ 16.22％ 63.36 First restored state 0.558％ 17.6％ 31.54 Second restoration state 0.571％ 17.89％ 31.33

[0190] As shown in Table 1, in the four specific embodiments, the electrochromic devices prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a charged state (e.g., oxidized state or equilibrium state) have maximum transmittances of 17.33% (first oxidized state), 16.87% (second oxidized state), 14.69% (first equilibrium state), and 16.22% (second equilibrium state), respectively, minimum transmittances of 0.311% (first oxidized state), 0.32% (second oxidized state), 0.217% (first equilibrium state), and 0.256% (second equilibrium state), respectively, and magnifications of 55.72 (first oxidized state), 55.72 (second oxidized state), 67.70 (first equilibrium state), and 63.36 (second equilibrium state), respectively. In the two comparative examples, the electrochromic devices prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a non-charged state (e.g., reduced state) have a maximum transmittance of 17.6% (first reduced state) and 17.89% (second reduced state), a minimum transmittance of 0.558% and 0.571% (second reduced state), and a magnification of 31.54 (first reduced state) and 31.33 (second reduced state).

[0191] As can be seen, the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic devices (four specific embodiments) prepared by the preparation method of this application is less than 0.5%, and further, the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic devices (four specific embodiments) prepared by the preparation method of this application is less than 0.4%. Moreover, the magnification of the electrochromic devices (four specific embodiments) prepared by the preparation method of this application is greater than 35, further, the magnification of the electrochromic devices (four specific embodiments) prepared by the preparation method of this application is greater than 45, and even further, the magnification of the electrochromic devices (four specific embodiments) prepared by the preparation method of this application is greater than 50.

[0192] Therefore, it can be seen that electrochromic devices prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a charged state (e.g., oxidized state or equilibrium state) have a lower minimum transmittance and a higher magnification (ratio of maximum transmittance to minimum transmittance) compared to electrochromic devices prepared by heating or heating and pressurizing when the electrochromic layer is in a non-charged state (e.g., reduced state). As a result, the electrochromic devices prepared by the preparation method of this application have lower dark light transmittance, higher display contrast, and better optical performance.

[0193] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for fabricating an electrochromic device, characterized in that, include: An electrochromic substrate is provided, the electrochromic substrate comprising a first base layer, a first conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, a second conductive layer, and a second base layer stacked sequentially; Determine whether the electrochromic layer is in a first charged state; When the electrochromic layer is in the first charged state, the electrochromic substrate is subjected to heat treatment or heat-pressurization treatment to obtain an electrochromic device.

2. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining whether the electrochromic layer is in a first state of charge, the method further includes: The electrochromic substrate is subjected to a first charge or discharge treatment to bring the electrochromic layer into a second charged state.

3. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The degree of charge of the electrochromic layer in the second charged state is greater than or equal to the degree of charge of the electrochromic layer in the first charged state.

4. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, After determining whether the electrochromic layer is in a first state of charge, the method further includes: When the electrochromic layer is not in the first charged state, the electrochromic substrate is subjected to a second charging or discharging treatment to bring the electrochromic layer into a third charged state.

5. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether the electrochromic layer is in a first charged state includes at least one of the following methods: Determine whether the electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; Determine whether the charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge. Determine whether the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and, Determine whether the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance; The electrochromic layer being in the first charged state includes at least one of the following: The electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; The charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge. The open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and... The transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance.

6. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrochromic layer being in a second charged state includes at least one of the following: The electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; The charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge. The open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and... The transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance.

7. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of whether the electrochromic layer is in a first charged state includes at least one of the following methods: Determine whether the electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; Determine whether the charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge. Determine whether the open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and, Determine whether the light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset light transmittance; The electrochromic layer is not in the first charged state including at least one of the following situations: The electrochromic layer is not in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; The charge of the electrochromic substrate is less than a preset charge. The open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is less than a preset voltage; and... The light transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is less than the preset light transmittance; The electrochromic layer being in a third charged state includes at least one of the following: The electrochromic layer is in an oxidized state or an equilibrium state; The charge of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset charge. The open-circuit voltage of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to a preset voltage; and... The transmittance of the electrochromic substrate is greater than or equal to the preset transmittance.

8. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The preset charge level includes at least one of: 0C, 10% of the maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate, and 90% of the maximum charge level of the electrochromic substrate; and / or, The preset voltage includes at least one of: 0V, 0.5V, and 1.2V; and / or, The preset transmittance includes at least one of the following: 1% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate, 10% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate, and 90% of the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic substrate.

9. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrochromic substrate further includes: A first glass and a first adhesive layer, wherein the first adhesive layer is disposed on the side of the first base layer opposite to the first conductive layer, and the first glass is disposed on the side of the first adhesive layer opposite to the first base layer; and The second glass and the second adhesive layer are provided on the side of the second base layer opposite to the second conductive layer, and the second glass is provided on the side of the second adhesive layer opposite to the second base layer.

10. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The heat treatment includes: The electrochromic substrate is heated in an environment with a temperature higher than a first preset temperature for at least a first preset time.

11. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The heating and pressurization process includes: The electrochromic substrate is heated and pressurized in an environment with a temperature greater than a second preset temperature and an air pressure greater than a preset air pressure for at least a second preset time.

12. An electrochromic device, characterized in that, The electrochromic device is prepared using the electrochromic device preparation method described in any one of claims 1-11.

13. The electrochromic device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The electrochromic device has at least one of the following properties: The minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is less than 0.5%; The ratio of the maximum transmittance of the electrochromic device to the minimum transmittance of the electrochromic device is greater than 35. The specific capacitance of the electrochromic device is greater than 8.5 F / m. 2 ; The impedance of the electrochromic device is less than 6.5Ω; and, When the electrochromic device is in the minimum transmittance state, the absorbance of the electrochromic device for visible light with a wavelength of 480-700nm is greater than 2.6Abs.

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