Reversible fuse safety state conversion device based on rotary electric drive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuze safety systems, in particular to a fuze safety state reversible conversion device based on rotary electric drive, which comprises an explosion-proof column body, an electromagnetic pin, a stepping motor, a lower shell and an upper shell, the explosion-proof column body is in a stepped shaft shape and comprises a large-diameter section and two small-diameter sections coaxially connected to the two ends of the large-diameter section, a plurality of limiting grooves are evenly formed in the outer side wall of the large-diameter section in the circumferential direction, and explosion guiding holes are formed in the outer side walls of the small-diameter sections located at the upper end of the large-diameter section in a penetrating mode. The lower shell is cylindrical, a preformed hole is formed in the outer side wall of the lower shell, the explosion-proof column body is located in the lower shell, the stepping motor is installed at the lower end of the inner side wall of the lower shell, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the lower end of the explosion-proof column body, and the electromagnetic pin is fixed to the position of the preformed hole in the outer side wall of the lower shell; the problems that due to one-way irreversibility, an existing fuse security mechanism is high in mistaken explosion risk, and failure ammunition is difficult to recycle are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuze safety system, and particularly relates to a reversible conversion device for safety state of fuze based on rotary electric drive. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key component in ammunition system, the core function of fuze is to ensure safe and reliable detonation of ammunition under predetermined conditions. To ensure safety during transportation, storage and use, fuze is generally equipped with a safety system, i.e. a security mechanism. This kind of mechanism usually cuts off the detonation sequence of ammunition through mechanical isolation, so that the system is in "explosion isolation state" before the fuze is disarmed, preventing accidental detonation; when receiving the correct command or meeting the specific environmental conditions, the security mechanism acts to make the detonation sequence correct, entering the "non-isolation state" or the armed state. The traditional security mechanism is usually driven by environmental force to realize disarmament, and the axial movement or rotation of the explosion isolation part is often used to control the on-off of the explosion path, so as to realize the conversion between safety and armed state.

[0003] However, most of the existing fuze security mechanisms are one-way irreversible design, that is, once the disarmament is completed and the armed state is entered, it cannot be restored to the safe explosion isolation state again. This design has serious safety hazards in the face of task suspension, dud handling or recycling, etc. If the fuze fails to detonate, its detonation sequence is still in the correct state, and once it is disturbed or misoperated by the outside world, it is easy to cause secondary explosion, which not only threatens the safety of the disposal personnel, but also increases the risk of accidental damage.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a reversible conversion device for safety state of fuze based on rotary electric drive to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a reversible conversion device for safety state of fuze based on rotary electric drive to solve the problems of high risk of misfire and difficulty in recycling of faulty ammunition caused by one-way irreversibility of the existing fuze security mechanism.

[0006] The present application is implemented by using the following technical scheme: A reversible conversion device for safety state of fuze based on rotary electric drive, comprising an explosion isolation column, an electromagnetic pin, a stepper motor, a lower shell and an upper shell; The explosion isolation column is in the shape of a stepped shaft, which includes a large diameter section and two small diameter sections coaxially connected to both ends of the large diameter section. A plurality of limiting grooves are uniformly arranged on the outer side wall of the large diameter section in the circumferential direction, and a detonation hole is formed through the outer side wall of the small diameter section at the upper end of the large diameter section; The lower housing is cylindrical, with a flange ring I at the top of its outer side wall. A pre-drilled hole is provided on the outer side wall of the lower housing near the bottom of the flange ring I. The explosion-proof column is located inside the lower housing. A stepper motor is installed at the lower end of the inner side wall of the lower housing, and the output shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the lower end of the explosion-proof column. An electromagnetic pin is fixed at the position of the pre-drilled hole on the outer side wall of the lower housing, and the pin shaft of the electromagnetic pin is inserted into any one of the limiting grooves through the pre-drilled hole. The upper shell is cylindrical, and a flange ring II is provided at the bottom of its outer side wall. The upper shell and the lower shell are bolted together by flange ring I and flange ring II. A detonation sequence is provided through the outer side wall of the upper shell near the top of flange ring I.

[0007] Furthermore, the number of the limiting grooves is four, and the interval between two adjacent limiting grooves is 90°.

[0008] Furthermore, the output shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the lower end of the explosion-proof column by a key.

[0009] This invention features a rational and reliable structural design, solving the problem of unidirectional irreversibility in traditional fuse security systems. It effectively reduces the risk of secondary explosions in scenarios such as mission aborts or unexploded ordnance disposal. The device achieves free switching of the fuse from explosion-proof to non-explosion-proof states through the coordinated operation of a stepper motor and an electromagnetic pin, and can reliably lock in any state, preventing safety hazards caused by misoperation. Its design allows for precise control of the explosion-proof column position, ensuring accurate alignment or misalignment of the detonation hole with the detonation sequence, improving the system's response accuracy and safety. Furthermore, this device is particularly suitable for ammunition for which it is difficult to disarm using environmental forces, providing greater flexibility and adaptability for complex mission requirements and significantly enhancing the overall safety and reliability of the fuse system. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion-proof column in this invention.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower shell structure in this invention.

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper shell structure in this invention.

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in both the explosion-proof and non-explosion-proof states.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Explosion-proof column; 2. Electromagnetic pin; 3. Stepper motor; 4. Lower housing; 5. Upper housing; 6. Large diameter section; 7. Small diameter section; 8. Limiting groove; 9. Detonation hole; 10. Reserved hole; 11. Detonation sequence. Detailed Implementation

[0017] A reversible switching mechanism for a dual-actuator-based fuze safety system, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 ~Appendix Figure 5 As shown, it includes an explosion-proof column 1, an electromagnetic pin 2, a stepper motor 3, a lower housing 4, and an upper housing 5; The explosion-proof column 1 is in the shape of a stepped shaft, which includes a large diameter section 6 and two small diameter sections 7 coaxially connected to both ends of the large diameter section 6. The outer wall of the large diameter section 6 is evenly provided with four limiting grooves 8 along the circumference, and the two adjacent limiting grooves 8 are spaced 90° apart. The outer wall of the small diameter section 7 located at the upper end of the large diameter section 6 is provided with a detonation hole 9. The lower housing 4 is cylindrical, with a flange ring I at the top of its outer side wall. A reserved hole 10 is provided on the outer side wall of the lower housing 4 near the bottom of the flange ring I. The explosion-proof column 1 is located inside the lower housing 4. The stepper motor 3 is installed at the lower end of the inner side wall of the lower housing 4, and the output shaft of the stepper motor 3 is connected to the lower end of the explosion-proof column 1 by a key. The electromagnetic pin 2 is fixed at the reserved hole 10 on the outer side wall of the lower housing 4, and the pin shaft of the electromagnetic pin 2 is inserted into any one of the limiting grooves 8 through the reserved hole 10. The upper shell 5 is cylindrical, and a flange ring II is provided at the bottom of its outer side wall. The upper shell 5 and the lower shell 4 are bolted together by flange ring I and flange ring II. A detonation sequence 11 is provided through the outer side wall of the upper shell 5 near the top of flange ring I.

[0018] During operation, the controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic pin 2 and the stepper motor 3 respectively, and the power supply is electrically connected to the controller, electromagnetic pin 2 and stepper motor 3 respectively.

[0019] As attached Figure 6 As shown in the structure on the left, when the electromagnetic pin 2 is de-energized by the controller and the stepper motor 3 is in a stopped state, the pin shaft of the electromagnetic pin 2 is locked in a limiting groove 8 of the explosion-proof column 1 through the reserved hole 10. At this time, the axis of the detonating hole 9 and the axis of the detonation sequence 11 intersect in the same horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other. That is, the detonating hole 9 and the detonation sequence 11 are misaligned. The locking of the electromagnetic pin 2 can reliably limit the rotation or axial displacement of the explosion-proof column 1 caused by external force or the stepper motor 3 being accidentally started. At this time, the device is in the explosion-proof state.

[0020] As attached Figure 6As shown, when the device transitions from explosion-proof to non-explosion-proof mode, the controller energizes the electromagnetic pin 2, causing its pin shaft to retract from the limiting groove 8 of the explosion-proof column 1 to release the lock. The stepper motor 3 is then activated, causing the explosion-proof column 1 to rotate clockwise by a certain angle α (30°≤α≤60°). The controller then de-energizes the electromagnetic pin 2, causing its pin shaft to gradually extend. When the explosion-proof column 1 rotates to 90°, the pin shaft of the electromagnetic pin 2 is inserted into the next limiting groove 8 of the explosion-proof column 1 through the pre-drilled hole 10. When locked, the detonating hole 9 is aligned with the detonation sequence 11, meaning the axis of the detonating hole 9 and the axis of the detonation sequence 11 are collinear. The stepper motor 3 is stopped by the controller, and the device reaches the non-explosion-proof state. When the device switches from the non-explosion-proof state to the explosion-proof state, the working principle is the same as above. After the electromagnetic pin 2 is unlocked, the stepper motor 3 drives the explosion-proof column 1 to continue to rotate 90° in the same direction or 90° in the opposite direction, so that the detonating hole 9 and the detonation sequence 11 are misaligned again. At the same time, the electromagnetic pin 2 is locked again, and the device returns to the explosion-proof state.

[0021] This invention, through its unique design and working principle, significantly improves the safety and reliability of the fuze system, as specifically demonstrated below: First, it achieves reversible switching of the safety state: Traditional fuse security mechanisms are mostly designed with one-way irreversibility, meaning that once the safety device is released and the fuse enters the ready-to-fire state, it cannot be restored to the safe explosion-proof state. However, this invention uses a combination of a stepper motor 3 and an electromagnetic pin 2, allowing for free switching of the fuse's safety state. Whether switching from the explosion-proof state to the non-explosion-proof state, or operating in reverse, the state transition can be reliably completed. This significantly reduces the risk of secondary explosions in scenarios such as mission abort, handling of duds, or recycling.

[0022] Secondly, it enhances the resistance to external interference: when in the explosion-proof state, the pin of the electromagnetic pin 2 is locked in a limiting groove 8 of the explosion-proof column 1. This design can effectively prevent accidental movement or rotation caused by external force or the stepper motor 3 being started by mistake, ensuring that the fuse can maintain a stable and safe state even in complex and changeable environments, avoiding unnecessary dangers.

[0023] Meanwhile, it improves operational flexibility and precision: by precisely controlling the rotation angle of the stepper motor 3 and the locking and unlocking action of the electromagnetic pin 2, the position of the explosion-proof column 1 can be finely adjusted, making the alignment between the detonation hole 9 and the detonation sequence 11 more accurate, thus improving the response speed and accuracy of the entire fuse system.

[0024] Furthermore, it is suitable for applications in a variety of environmental conditions: the device is not only applicable to conventional munitions that rely on environmental forces to disarm, but also particularly suitable for special munition types that are difficult to disarm using environmental forces. Due to its electric drive, it can be flexibly deployed under different mission requirements and environmental conditions, enhancing the system's adaptability and practicality.

[0025] In summary, this invention, through its mechatronics design concept, effectively solves the problems of high risk of accidental detonation and difficulty in recovering faulty ammunition in existing fuse security mechanisms, providing a safer, more reliable, and easier-to-operate solution.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0027] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reversible safety state switching device for a fuze based on rotary electric drive, characterized in that: It includes an explosion-proof column (1), an electromagnetic pin (2), a stepper motor (3), a lower housing (4), and an upper housing (5); The explosion-proof column (1) is in the shape of a stepped shaft, which includes a large diameter section (6) and two small diameter sections (7) coaxially connected to both ends of the large diameter section (6). The outer side wall of the large diameter section (6) is uniformly provided with several limiting grooves (8) along the circumference, and the outer side wall of the small diameter section (7) located at the upper end of the large diameter section (6) is provided with a detonation hole (9). The lower housing (4) is cylindrical, with a flange ring I at the top of its outer side wall. A reserved hole (10) is provided on the outer side wall of the lower housing (4) near the bottom of the flange ring I. The explosion-proof column (1) is located inside the lower housing (4). The stepper motor (3) is installed at the lower end of the inner side wall of the lower housing (4), and the output shaft of the stepper motor (3) is connected to the lower end of the explosion-proof column (1). The electromagnetic pin (2) is fixed at the reserved hole (10) on the outer side wall of the lower housing (4), and the pin shaft of the electromagnetic pin (2) is inserted into any one of the limiting grooves (8) through the reserved hole (10). The upper shell (5) is cylindrical, and a flange ring II is provided at the bottom of its outer side wall. The upper shell (5) and the lower shell (4) are bolted together by flange ring I and flange ring II. A detonation sequence (11) is provided through the outer side wall of the upper shell (5) near the top of flange ring I.

2. The reversible safety state switching device for a fuze based on rotary electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the limiting grooves (8) is four, and the interval between two adjacent limiting grooves (8) is 90°.

3. The reversible safety state switching device for a fuze based on rotary electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the stepper motor (3) is connected to the lower end of the explosion-proof column (1) by a key.

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