Automobile tubular part inner wall supporting type laser welding device and technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile tubular part inner wall supporting type laser welding device and technology, and relates to the technical field of automobile tubular part machining, the automobile tubular part inner wall supporting type laser welding device comprises a pipe welding base, an inner wall self-adaption supporting unit and a vertical displacement adjusting assembly, radial guide bases are connected to the two sides of the pipe welding base, and a synchronous servo motor is installed on the outer side of the pipe welding base; an internal driving screw rod and a guide sliding rod drive a stroke frame and a bearing supporting plate to achieve radial positioning of the supporting unit, the inner wall self-adaptive supporting unit comprises a driving cabin and a synchronous power source, transmission is achieved through a lead screw, a transmission fluted disc and a vortex transmission cylinder, a sliding adjusting sleeve is pushed, a supporting rod drives an arc face attaching lining plate to open and attach to the inner wall of the tubular part, and the tubular part is fixed. A vertical displacement adjusting assembly is arranged in a frame supporting beam, a variable frequency motor and a fine adjustment motor drive a guide screw rod and a screw rod correspondingly, alignment of a laser welding head is adjusted, a welding slag collecting groove in the center of a base and a detachable storage box are convenient to remove slag, and the welding machine is suitable for welding of tubular parts of multiple specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive tubular component processing technology, specifically to an internal wall support laser welding device and process for automotive tubular components. Background Technology

[0002] Tubular automotive components (such as chassis load-bearing pipes, engine exhaust pipes, and fuel delivery pipes) are core components for power transmission, structural load-bearing, and fluid transport in automobiles. Their welding quality directly determines the vehicle's driving safety and service life. Because these components often withstand complex conditions such as vibration, high temperatures, and pressure, the requirements for the sealing, strength, and dimensional accuracy of the weld joints are extremely high. Laser welding, due to its advantages such as low heat input, narrow heat-affected zone, and minimal welding deformation, has become the mainstream welding process for automotive tubular components.

[0003] Currently, laser welding equipment for automotive tubular components has been applied to some extent. However, in actual mass production, there is still a critical technological deficiency: poor adaptability of the inner wall support. Specifically, the inner wall support structure of existing laser welding equipment for tubular components is mostly designed with fixed dimensions or relies on manual mechanical adjustment. For different car models and functions of automotive tubular components, their inner diameter (e.g., the inner diameter of exhaust pipes for small cars is about 50-80mm, while the inner diameter of chassis tubular components for large commercial vehicles can reach 150-200mm) and wall thickness vary significantly. When welding tubular components of different specifications, it is necessary to manually disassemble and replace the support fixtures of the corresponding size. This is not only cumbersome to operate and takes 30-60 minutes to change, but also seriously affects the efficiency of mass production. Furthermore, the manually adjusted support structure is difficult to guarantee the uniformity of support force. Under the high temperature of laser welding, tubular components are prone to collapse and elliptical deformation due to insufficient local support, resulting in weld misalignment and sealing failure. Additional reshaping and repair are required, increasing production costs and process complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser welding device and process for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components. This invention addresses the problems of existing laser welding devices for tubular automotive components, which suffer from poor adaptability of the inner wall support structure (mostly fixed size or relying on manual adjustment). These problems result in cumbersome and time-consuming changeovers when welding tubular components of different specifications, low batch production efficiency, and uneven support force that can easily lead to welding deformation of tubular components, weld quality issues, and increased production costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser welding device for the inner wall support of automotive tubular components, comprising a tubular welding base and an inner wall adaptive support unit: Radial guide bases are connected to both sides of the upper surface of the pipe welding base. Synchronous servo motors are installed on the outer surfaces of the radial guide bases. Two inner wall adaptive support units are respectively installed on the upper ends of the two radial guide bases. A slag collection groove is opened in the center of the upper surface of the pipe welding base. A detachable debris storage box is slidably fitted inside the lower end of the slag collection groove. A frame support beam is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the slag collection groove. A vertical displacement adjustment assembly is set inside the frame support beam. A laser welding head is set at the front end of the frame support beam. The laser welding head is drivenly connected to the vertical displacement adjustment assembly to adapt to the welding position of the tubular parts.

[0006] Preferably, each of the two inner wall adaptive support units includes a drive compartment disposed on the upper end of the radial guide base. A synchronous power source is installed on the rear end surface of each drive compartment. A travel limit plate is disposed on the front end surface of each drive compartment. A low friction bearing is connected to the center of the inner end face of the travel limit plate. The other end of the low friction bearing is fixedly connected to the front end surface of the drive compartment.

[0007] Preferably, the two inner wall adaptive support units further include a rotating spindle disposed in the center of the drive compartment. A driven gear plate is fixedly installed on the rear end surface of the rotating spindle. The front end of the rotating spindle passes through the drive compartment and the travel limit plate and extends to the outside of the drive compartment. A cylindrical column is fixedly sleeved on its front end surface. A sliding adjustment sleeve is sleeved in the center of the outer surface of the rotating spindle.

[0008] Preferably, a fixing hoop is fixedly installed on the outer surface of both ends of the cylindrical column, and a support rod is hinged to the outer four sides of the fixing hoop; a fixing hoop is embedded in the center of the outer end of the sliding adjusting sleeve, and a support rod is hinged to the outer four sides of the fixing hoop; the other ends of several sets of support rods and support rods are respectively hinged to the lower end surface of each arc-shaped mating plate; a limit groove is opened around the front surface of the travel limiting stop plate, and the rear ends of the four arc-shaped mating plates extend into the interior of the limit groove.

[0009] Preferably, a vortex drive cylinder is movably sleeved at the center of the outer surface of the rotating spindle, the rear end of the vortex drive cylinder extends to the center of the drive compartment, and a driven inclined gear disk is fixedly connected to its rear end; the front end of the vortex drive cylinder extends outside the drive compartment, and its outer end is threadedly engaged with the inner wall of the sliding adjustment sleeve; axial limiting rings are respectively fitted at both ends of the vortex drive cylinder, and the axial limiting rings are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating spindle.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the drive compartment. A transmission inclined gear disk is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting rod. The outer end of the transmission inclined gear disk meshes with the outer end of the driven inclined gear disk. A transmission gear disk is fixedly installed in the center of the outer surface of the connecting rod. A lead screw is provided at the upper end of the transmission gear disk, and the outer end of the lead screw is engaged with the outer end of the transmission gear disk. One end of the lead screw extends and is connected to the output end of the synchronous power source.

[0011] Preferably, a drive gear disk is installed on one side surface of the rear end inside the drive compartment, and the outer end of the drive gear disk meshes with the outer end of the driven gear disk for transmission, and the shaft of the drive gear disk is fixedly connected to the output end of the synchronous power source.

[0012] Preferably, each of the two radial guide bases has a guide rail groove inside, and a drive screw is respectively arranged in the center of the guide rail groove, with one end of the drive screw fixedly connected to the output end of the synchronous servo motor; guide slide rods are respectively arranged parallel to the left and right ends of the drive screw; a stroke frame is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of each of the two radial guide bases, and the lower end of the stroke frame extends into the interior of the guide rail groove, and is respectively threaded onto the drive screw and slidably sleeved onto the guide slide rod; a bearing plate is fixedly connected to the top of each stroke frame, and the upper surface of the bearing plate is fixedly installed to the drive compartment and the lower end of the synchronous power source by bolts.

[0013] Preferably, a guide groove is formed at the center of the front end face of the frame support beam. The vertical displacement adjustment assembly includes a guide screw disposed at the center of the guide groove. The upper end of the guide screw extends to the top surface of the frame support beam and is connected to a variable frequency motor. A slider is threaded onto the outer end of the guide screw. The front end of the slider extends out of the front end surface of the frame support beam and is connected to a connecting compartment. A fixing plate is installed on the front end surface of the connecting compartment. A guide sleeve is connected to the center of the front end of the fixing plate. An adapter sleeve is fitted inside the guide sleeve. The front end of the adapter sleeve extends out of the guide sleeve and is connected to a mounting interface seat. A laser welding head is embedded in the front surface of the interface seat; a screw is set in the center of the inside of the guide sleeve, the rear end of the screw extends into the inside of the connecting compartment and is equipped with a slanted gear plate, and the front end of the screw is threadedly engaged with the inner wall of the adapter sleeve; a travel support telescopic rod is installed around the front surface of the fixed plate, and the other end of the travel support telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the mounting interface seat; a fine-tuning motor is installed on the upper surface of the connecting compartment, and the output end of the fine-tuning motor extends into the upper part of the connecting compartment and is equipped with a drive slanted gear plate, which meshes with the slanted gear plate for transmission.

[0014] The process of laser welding equipment for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components includes the following specific steps: S1: Place the tubular automotive component to be welded on the tubular welding base, aligning the openings at both ends of the tubular component with the two inner wall adaptive support units. Start the synchronous servo motor on the outside of the radial guide base to drive the drive screw in the guide rail groove inside the radial guide base to rotate. The drive screw drives the threaded travel frame to slide along the guide slide, and then pushes the two inner wall adaptive support units to the openings at both ends of the tubular component through the bearing plate at the top of the travel frame, completing the initial positioning of the workpiece. S2: Start the synchronous power source at the rear end of the drive compartment in the inner wall adaptive support unit: On one hand, the synchronous power source drives the transmission gear disk to rotate through the lead screw connected to the output end, and the transmission gear disk drives the connecting rod and the transmission inclined gear disk at the front end to rotate; the transmission inclined gear disk meshes with the driven inclined gear disk at the rear end of the vortex transmission cylinder, driving the vortex transmission cylinder to rotate along the main rotation axis, and the vortex transmission cylinder pushes the sliding adjustment sleeve to slide forward along the main rotation axis through the threaded engagement with the sliding adjustment sleeve; the fixing hoop at the outer end of the sliding adjustment sleeve drives the support rod to unfold, and together with the support rod connected to the fixing hoop on the cylinder, they push the arc-surface fitting liner to open outward along the limit groove of the stroke limit stop plate until the arc-surface fitting liner tightly fits the inner wall of the tubular component, completing the inner wall support and fixation of the workpiece; S3: Start the vertical displacement adjustment assembly on the frame support beam: First, start the variable frequency motor to drive the guide screw to rotate, which drives the threaded slider to slide up and down along the guide groove at the front end of the frame support beam. The connecting compartment and fixed plate connected by the slider drive the guide sleeve and laser welding head to complete the vertical alignment. Then, start the fine adjustment motor at the upper end of the connecting compartment. The drive inclined gear plate at the output end of the fine adjustment motor meshes with the inclined gear plate at the rear end of the screw, driving the screw to rotate. The screw pushes the adapter sleeve to slide back and forth along the guide sleeve through the threaded engagement with the adapter sleeve, thereby driving the laser welding head on the mounting interface seat to accurately align with the welding joint of the tubular component, completing the welding head alignment. S4: Activate the laser welding head embedded in the installation interface to perform laser welding on the joint of the tubular component. The welding slag generated during the welding process falls naturally into the welding slag collection groove in the center of the upper surface of the tubular welding base, and is temporarily stored in the detachable debris collection box at the lower end of the welding slag collection groove. If circumferential welding is required, the drive gear plate connected to the output end can be driven to rotate by the synchronous power source. The drive gear plate meshes with the driven gear plate at the rear end of the rotating spindle, driving the rotating spindle and the supported tubular component to rotate at a uniform speed, and completes the circumferential welding in conjunction with the laser welding head. After welding, turn off all power sources, remove the detachable debris collection box to clean the welding slag, and then reverse the operation to remove the inner wall support and remove the welded workpiece.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention uses a synchronous power source to drive a lead screw, a vortex transmission cylinder, and a sliding adjustment sleeve in a self-adaptive support unit. This drives the support rod and the support rod to push the arc-shaped liner to flexibly open or close along the travel limit stop groove. This allows for adaptive fitting to the inner walls of tubular parts with different inner diameters. It enables the support and fixation of workpieces of various specifications without changing the fixture, significantly shortening changeover time, reducing fixture procurement and replacement costs, and improving the flexibility of mass production.

[0016] This invention achieves precise radial positioning of tubular components by using a synchronous servo motor driven by a radial guide base to drive a drive screw and a guide slide, thereby driving the stroke frame and the inner wall adaptive support unit. Simultaneously, the vertical displacement adjustment assembly completes the vertical coarse adjustment of the welding head by driving the guide screw with a frequency conversion motor, and achieves fine adjustment in the front and rear by driving the inclined gear plate and the screw with a fine adjustment motor. This dual-dimensional precise adjustment ensures that the laser welding head and the weld are aligned with zero error, significantly reducing welding defects and meeting the precision welding standards for automotive tubular components.

[0017] This invention uses a slag collection trough in the center of the pipe welding base to collect the slag that falls naturally during the welding process, and a detachable debris storage box with a sliding sleeve to temporarily store the slag. During cleaning, there is no need to disassemble any device parts; the slag can be poured out directly by pulling out the storage box. This significantly simplifies the cleaning process, reduces equipment downtime, ensures continuous and stable operation of the device, and improves the overall welding production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the radial guide base structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner wall adaptive support unit structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive compartment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a further structural schematic diagram of the inner wall adaptive support unit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a further structural diagram of the drive compartment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical displacement adjustment assembly of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Pipe welding base; 2. Frame support beam; 3. Radial guide base; 31. Guide slide rod; 32. Drive screw; 33. Bearing support plate; 34. Stroke frame; 4. Synchronous servo motor; 5. Welding slag collection tank; 6. Detachable debris collection box; 7. Inner wall adaptive support unit; 71. Drive compartment; 72. Synchronous power source; 73. Stroke limit stop plate; 74. Low friction bearing; 75. Cylindrical column; 76. Arc-shaped fitting liner; 77. Rotary spindle; 78. Driven gear plate; 79. Axial limit retaining ring; 710. Scroll drive cylinder; 711. Driven inclined gear plate; 712. Connecting rod 713. Transmission gear plate; 714. Transmission inclined gear plate; 715. Fixing clamp; 716. Support rod; 717. Sliding adjusting sleeve; 718. Fixing clamp one; 719. Support rod one; 720. Screw; 721. Drive gear plate; 8. Vertical displacement adjustment assembly; 81. Guide screw; 82. Variable frequency motor; 83. Slider; 84. Connecting compartment; 85. Fixing plate; 86. Guide sleeve; 87. Mounting interface seat; 88. Adapter sleeve; 89. Screw; 810. Inclined gear plate; 811. Stroke support telescopic rod; 812. Fine-tuning motor; 813. Drive inclined gear plate; 9. Laser welding head. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-7As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an inner wall support laser welding device and process for automotive tubular parts, including a tubular welding base 1, an inner wall adaptive support unit 7, a radial guide base 3, a frame support beam 2, a vertical displacement adjustment assembly 8, and a laser welding head 9. The tubular welding base 1 is connected to the radial guide base 3 on both sides. A synchronous servo motor 4 on its outer side can drive the stroke frame 34 to slide along the guide slide rod 31, realizing radial position adjustment of the inner wall adaptive support unit 7. This adjustment process is smooth and stable, adaptable to tubular parts of different lengths. The inner wall adaptive support unit 7, through a synchronous power source 72 in the drive compartment 71, drives the lead screw 720, transmission gear 713, and vortex transmission cylinder 710, etc., to move the sliding adjustment sleeve 717, causing the support rod 716 and support rod 719 to drive the arc-shaped fitting liner 76 to open or retract along the limiting slide groove, flexibly adapting to different inner wall lengths. The tubular components have a large contact area between the arc-shaped liner 76 and the inner wall of the workpiece, and the support pressure is uniform, which can effectively avoid welding deformation. At the same time, the low-friction bearing 74 inside the stroke limit plate 73 can reduce the rotation resistance of the rotating spindle 77, ensuring the smooth rotation of the workpiece to meet the requirements of ring welding. The vertical displacement adjustment assembly 8 in the frame support beam 2 achieves vertical adjustment of the welding head by driving the guide screw 81 through the frequency conversion motor 82, and achieves fine adjustment in the front and back directions by driving the screw 89 with the fine adjustment motor 812, which can accurately align the weld seam at different positions and angles to ensure welding accuracy. The slag collection groove 5 in the center of the pipe welding base 1 and the detachable debris storage box 6 adopt a sliding sleeve design. When cleaning the slag, there is no need to disassemble the device. The storage box can be pulled out directly, which is convenient to operate. The synchronous servo motor 4, synchronous power source 72 and other power components can run continuously for a long time to meet the continuous operation requirements of mass production.

[0022] The corresponding process includes four steps: S1 drives the inner wall adaptive support unit 7 through synchronous servo motor 4 to complete the initial positioning of the workpiece. The positioning process is adapted to the radial adjustment characteristics of the device, which is efficient and accurate. S2 starts the synchronous power source 72 to achieve self-adaptive support and fixation of the inner wall. Relying on the adaptability and stability characteristics of the device, it ensures that the workpiece does not shift or deform. S3 achieves precise alignment of the laser welding head 9 through the vertical displacement adjustment assembly 8, and quickly adapts to the weld position by leveraging the precise adjustment characteristics of the device. S4 starts the laser welding head 9 to perform welding. The drive gear 721 drives the rotating spindle 77 to achieve ring welding. The welding slag falls into the detachable debris collection box 6 in real time, which fits the characteristics of the device for convenient cleaning and continuous operation.

[0023] This device effectively solves the pain points of welding tubular automotive parts, improves welding quality and production efficiency, and is suitable for mass welding production of various tubular parts such as automotive chassis tubular parts and exhaust pipes.

[0024] according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are two radial guide bases 3, which are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper surface of the pipe welding base 1. A synchronous servo motor 4 is installed on the outer surface of the base, and the upper end supports the inner wall adaptive support unit 7 through the bearing plate 33. The base has a guide rail groove inside, and a drive screw 32 connected to the output end of the synchronous servo motor 4 is set in the center of the groove. Guide slide rods 31 are arranged parallel to each other on the left and right ends. The lower end of the outer wall slides into the guide rail groove and the stroke frame 34 is threadedly connected to the drive screw 32 and the guide slide rod 31, respectively. The synchronous servo motor 4 can drive the drive screw 32 to drive the stroke frame 34 to slide along the guide slide rod 31, thereby pushing the inner wall adaptive support unit 7 to complete the process. The workpiece is radially positioned; the slag collection tank 5 is located in the center of the upper surface of the pipe welding base 1, and its outer surface is fixedly connected to the frame support beam 2 to form a transition space for receiving welding slag; the detachable debris collection box 6 is assembled in a sliding sleeve manner at the lower end of the inside of the slag collection tank 5, and can be freely pulled out or pushed in. The three complement each other around the pipe welding base 1: the radial guide base 3 provides a precise radial movement foundation for the inner wall adaptive support unit 7 to ensure the positioning accuracy of the workpiece, the slag collection tank 5 receives the welding slag that falls naturally during the welding process and guides it to the detachable debris collection box 6. The collection box is designed to be detachable so that the welding slag can be cleaned conveniently without disassembling the device.

[0025] according to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, there are two inner wall adaptive support units 7, which are fixed to the bearing plate 33 on the upper end of the radial guide base 3 by bolts and are linked to the lower end of the synchronous power source 72. They include a drive compartment 71 that provides the installation carrier, a core power source synchronous power source 72, a travel limit stop 73 for limiting and guiding (with a low friction bearing 74 connected to the center of the inner end face), a transmission core rotating main shaft 77 (with a driven gear plate 78 fixed to the rear end, a cylindrical column 75 fixed to the front end, and a sliding adjustment sleeve 717 sleeved on the outer surface), an arc-shaped fitting liner 76 for fitting support, and transmission components for realizing power transmission (vortex transmission cylinder 710, connecting rod 712, transmission gear plate 713, lead screw 720, drive gear plate 721, etc.). Among them, the vortex drive cylinder 710 is movably sleeved outside the rotating main shaft 77, and its rear end is connected to the driven inclined gear disk 711 (meshing with the drive inclined gear disk 714 at the front end of the connecting rod 712), and its front end is threaded with the inner wall of the sliding adjustment sleeve 717. Axial limiting retaining rings 79 are provided at both ends. The fixing hoop 715 of the cylinder column 75 and the fixing hoop 718 of the sliding adjustment sleeve 717 are respectively hinged to the support rod 716 and the support rod 719. The two are connected together to the arc surface fitting liner 76, and the rear end pin of the arc surface fitting liner 76 extends into the limiting groove of the stroke limiting stop plate 73.

[0026] Its core functions possess four main operating characteristics: First, strong self-adaptability. The synchronous power source 72 drives the lead screw 720 to rotate the transmission gear plate 713, which then transmits the power through the transmission inclined gear plate 714 and the driven inclined gear plate 711 to the vortex transmission cylinder 710. The vortex transmission cylinder 710 pushes the sliding adjusting sleeve 717 to slide along the rotating main shaft 77 through threaded engagement, causing the support rods 716 and 719 to drive the arc-shaped fitting liner 76 to flexibly open or close along the limiting groove. This allows it to adapt to tubular parts with different inner diameters without the need to replace special support components, reducing changeover costs. Second, high support stability. The arc-shaped fitting liner 76 adopts an arc design, resulting in a large contact area with the inner wall of the tubular part, providing uniform support pressure and avoiding workpiece deformation caused by localized stress. The low-friction bearing 74 reduces the rotation of the rotating main shaft 77. The frictional resistance during operation and the axial limiting retaining ring 79 restrict the axial displacement of the vortex drive cylinder 710 provide dual protection, ensuring that the workpiece does not shift under support and that there is no jamming during rotation. Thirdly, the power coordination is highly efficient, with a single synchronous power source 72 capable of simultaneously driving both "support adjustment" and "rotation drive": the drive screw 720 opens / closes the support, and the drive gear 721 (meshing with the driven gear 78) drives the rotating spindle 77 and the workpiece to rotate at a uniform speed, eliminating the need for an additional power source, simplifying the structure while improving power transmission efficiency. Fourthly, the operation is controllable, with the support opening amplitude precisely controlled by the output stroke of the synchronous power source 72, ensuring consistent support force for workpieces of different specifications; the workpiece rotation speed is stably controlled by the output speed of the power source, adapting to the welding rhythm of different annular welds and ensuring consistent welding quality.

[0027] according to Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the vertical displacement adjustment assembly 8 is installed inside the frame support beam 2, and is adapted to the guide groove opened in the center of the front end face of the frame support beam 2. The guide screw 81 is located in the center of the guide groove, and its upper end extends to the top of the frame support beam 2 and is connected to the frequency converter motor 82. The outer end is threaded to the slider 83. The front end of the slider 83 extends out of the frame support beam 2 and is connected to the connecting compartment 84. The front end of the connecting compartment 84 is equipped with a fixing plate 85. The front center of the fixing plate 85 is connected to the guide sleeve 86. The guide sleeve 86 is fitted with an adapter sleeve 8. 8. The front end of the adapter cylinder 88 is connected to the mounting interface seat 87, which is embedded with a laser welding head 9; the guide sleeve 86 has a screw 89 in the center inside, which extends to the rear end of the connecting compartment 84 and is equipped with a slanted gear plate 810, and its front end is engaged with the inner wall of the adapter cylinder 88; the front end of the fixed plate 85 is equipped with a stroke support telescopic rod 811 around its front end, and the other end is connected to the rear end of the mounting interface seat 87; the upper end of the connecting compartment 84 is equipped with a fine-tuning motor 812, whose output end extends into the compartment and is equipped with a drive slanted gear plate 813 that meshes with the slanted gear plate 810.

[0028] Its core functions possess four main operating characteristics: First, comprehensive adjustment dimensions, enabling separate vertical and forward / backward adjustments of the laser welding head 9. Vertical adjustment is achieved by the variable frequency motor 82 driving the guide screw 81, which in turn moves the slider 83. Forward / backward adjustment is achieved through the fine-tuning motor 812 driving the inclined gear disk 813, inclined gear disk 810, and screw 89 in a coordinated manner, adapting to weld positions of different heights and depths. Second, high adjustment precision. Vertical adjustment achieves stable displacement through threaded transmission, while forward / backward fine-tuning relies on the precise transmission of the meshing double inclined gear disks, accurately controlling the alignment error of the laser welding head 9. The system offers several advantages: First, it ensures precise alignment between the weld seam and the welding head, improving welding quality. Second, it boasts strong operational stability. The travel support telescopic rod 811 provides auxiliary support around the mounting interface seat 87 and the laser welding head 9, preventing the welding head from wobbling during adjustment. The guide sleeve 86 provides guidance and constraint for the sliding of the adapter sleeve 88, further ensuring the stable posture of the welding head during adjustment. Third, it offers convenient operation. Adjustment can be completed simply by controlling the start and stop of the frequency conversion motor 82 and the fine-tuning motor 812, eliminating the need for manual adjustment, reducing operational difficulty. Furthermore, the power transmission path is clear, and the adjustment response is rapid, adapting to the rhythm requirements of batch welding operations.

[0029] The overall effect achieved by the organization is as follows: First, place the tubular automotive component to be welded stably on the tubular welding base 1, ensuring that the openings at both ends of the tubular component face the front ends of the two inner wall adaptive support units 7. At this time, the synchronous servo motor 4, synchronous power source 72, frequency converter motor 82, and fine-tuning motor 812 are all in a power-off standby state, the detachable debris collection box 6 has been completely pushed into the welding slag collection tank 5, and the laser welding head 9 is in a safe area away from the workpiece. Then, start the synchronous servo motor 4 on the outside of the radial guide base 3. The motor output shaft drives the drive screw 32 in the center of the guide rail groove inside the radial guide base 3 to rotate. Due to the lower end of the stroke frame 34 and the drive screw 32, the drive screw 32 rotates. The moving screw 32 is threaded and slidably connected to the guide slide rod 31 on both sides. The rotation of the driving screw 32 is converted into the linear movement of the stroke frame 34 along the guide rail groove. The bearing plate 33 fixed at the top of the stroke frame 34 moves synchronously with the frame, thereby driving the inner wall adaptive support unit 7, which is bolted to the bearing plate 33, to approach the openings at both ends of the tubular component until the arc surface of the inner wall adaptive support unit 7 fits the front end of the liner 76 and enters the interior of the tubular component. The synchronous servo motor 4 is then turned off to complete the initial radial positioning of the workpiece. Then, the synchronous power source 72 at the rear end of the inner wall adaptive support unit 7 is started. 2. The output shaft drives the lead screw 720 to rotate. The lead screw 720 meshes with the transmission gear 713 inside the drive compartment 71. The transmission gear 713 drives the coaxially fixed connecting rod 712 to rotate synchronously. The transmission inclined gear 714 fixed at the front end of the connecting rod 712 meshes with the driven inclined gear 711 at the rear end of the vortex transmission cylinder 710, converting the rotation into the axial rotation of the vortex transmission cylinder 710. The vortex transmission cylinder 710 is movably sleeved outside the rotating main shaft 77, and its axial displacement is restricted at both ends by axial limiting retaining rings 79, so it can only rotate around the rotating main shaft 77. The front end of the vortex transmission cylinder 710 and the inner wall of the sliding adjusting sleeve 717 are threaded. When the rotating sleeve 717 is rotated, it pushes the sliding adjusting sleeve 717 to slide forward along the rotating main shaft 77. The fixing hoop 718 embedded in the outer end of the sliding adjusting sleeve 717 moves forward synchronously with the sleeve, causing the hinged support rod 719 to unfold outward. At the same time, the support rod 716 hinged to the fixed hoop 715 on the cylinder column 75 fixed at the front end of the rotating main shaft 77 moves in sync with the unfolding of the support rod 719. Together, they push the upper hinged arc-shaped fitting liner 76 to move outward along the limiting groove at the front end of the travel limiting stop plate 73 until the arc-shaped fitting liner 76 tightly fits the inner wall of the tubular component. The synchronous power source 72 is then turned off to complete the self-adaptive support of the inner wall.Then, the variable frequency motor 82 at the top of the frame support beam 2 is started. The output shaft of the variable frequency motor 82 drives the guide screw 81 to rotate. The slider 83, which is threaded at the outer end of the guide screw 81, can only slide vertically due to the restriction of the guide groove at the front end of the frame support beam 2. The connecting compartment 84 connected to the front end of the slider 83, the fixed plate 85 installed at the front end of the connecting compartment 84, and the guide sleeve 86 connected to the center of the front end of the fixed plate 85 move vertically synchronously until the height of the laser welding head 9 embedded in the interface seat 87 at the front end of the adapter cylinder 88 inside the guide sleeve 86 is consistent with the height of the weld seam of the tubular component. Then, the variable frequency motor 82 is turned off, and the fine adjustment motor 812 at the top of the connecting compartment 84 is started. The output end of the fine adjustment motor 812 extends into the connecting compartment 84 and drives the drive inclined gear disk 813 to rotate. The disc 813 meshes with the inclined gear disc 810 at the rear end of the central screw 89 inside the guide sleeve 86, driving the screw 89 to rotate. The front end of the screw 89 is threaded into the inner wall of the adapter sleeve 88. Its rotation pushes the adapter sleeve 88 to slide back and forth along the guide sleeve 86, thereby driving the mounting interface seat 87 and the laser welding head 9 to move synchronously. The travel support telescopic rod 811 installed around the front surface of the fixed disc 85 moves synchronously with the mounting interface seat 87 to provide auxiliary support until the laser welding head 9 is precisely aligned with the weld seam, and the fine-tuning motor 812 is turned off. Then, the laser welding head 9 is started to weld the joint of the tubular component. The welding slag generated during the welding process falls naturally into the welding slag collection groove 5 in the center of the upper surface of the pipe welding base 1 and is temporarily stored in the welding slag collection groove 5. In the detachable debris collection box 6 at the lower end, if circumferential weld welding is required, the synchronous power source 72 can be restarted. The output shaft of the synchronous power source 72 drives the drive gear 721 mounted on the rear side surface inside the drive compartment 71 to rotate. The drive gear 721 meshes with the driven gear 78 fixed on the rear surface of the rotating spindle 77, driving the rotating spindle 77 to rotate at a uniform speed. The rotating spindle 77 drives the tubular components to rotate synchronously through the arc-shaped liner 76. The low-friction bearing 74 connected to the center of the inner end face of the stroke limit stop 73 contacts the outer wall of the rotating spindle 77 to reduce rotational resistance and ensure rotational stability until the circumferential weld welding is completed. Then, the laser welding head 9 and the synchronous power source 72 are turned off. Finally, the synchronous power source 72 is restarted in reverse to drive the lead screw 720. The transmission gear plate 713 and the vortex transmission cylinder 710 move in opposite directions, causing the sliding adjusting sleeve 717 to move back along the rotating main shaft 77. The support rods 716 and 719 retract, and the arc-shaped mating liner 76 retracts along the limiting groove of the travel limiting stop plate 73 and disengages from the inner wall of the tubular component. The synchronous servo motor 4 is started in reverse, driving the travel frame 34 and the inner wall adaptive support unit 7 away from the workpiece and back to the initial position. The frequency conversion motor 82 and the fine-tuning motor 812 are started in reverse, causing the laser welding head 9 to reset to the safe area. The welded automotive tubular component is manually removed from the tubular welding base 1, the detachable debris collection box 6 is pulled out to clean the welding slag, and then pushed back into the welding slag collection tank 5, completing one welding cycle. The equipment then awaits the welding operation of the next workpiece.

[0030] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding device for the inner wall support of automotive tubular components, comprising a tubular welding base (1) and an inner wall adaptive support unit (7), characterized in that: The upper surface of the pipe welding base (1) is connected to radial guide bases (3) on both sides. The outer surface of the radial guide bases (3) is equipped with synchronous servo motors (4). The two inner wall adaptive support units (7) are respectively installed on the upper ends of the two radial guide bases (3). A slag collection groove (5) is opened in the center of the upper surface of the pipe welding base (1). A detachable debris storage box (6) is slidably fitted inside the lower end of the slag collection groove (5). A frame support beam (2) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the slag collection groove (5). A vertical displacement adjustment assembly (8) is set inside the frame support beam (2). A laser welding head (9) is set at the front end of the frame support beam (2). The laser welding head (9) is connected to the vertical displacement adjustment assembly (8) to adapt to the welding position of the tubular parts.

2. The laser welding device for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two inner wall adaptive support units (7) each include a drive cabin (71) set on the upper end of the radial guide base (3). The rear end surface of the drive cabin (71) is equipped with a synchronous power source (72). The front end surface of the drive cabin (71) is respectively provided with a travel limit plate (73). A low friction bearing (74) is connected to the center of the inner end face of the travel limit plate (73). The other end of the low friction bearing (74) is fixedly connected to the front end surface of the drive cabin (71).

3. The laser welding device for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two inner wall adaptive support units (7) also include a rotating spindle (77) located in the center of the drive compartment (71). A driven gear plate (78) is fixedly installed on the rear end surface of the rotating spindle (77). The front end of the rotating spindle (77) passes through the drive compartment (71) and the travel limit plate (73) and extends to the outside of the drive compartment (71). A cylindrical column (75) is fixedly sleeved on its front end surface. A sliding adjusting sleeve (717) is sleeved in the center of the outer surface of the rotating spindle (77).

4. The laser welding device for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of both ends of the cylindrical column (75) are fixedly installed with fixing hoops (715), and the outer four sides of the fixing hoops (715) are respectively hinged to support rods (716); the center of the outer end of the sliding adjusting sleeve (717) is embedded with a fixing hoop (718), and the outer four sides of the fixing hoop (718) are respectively hinged to support rods (719); the other ends of several sets of support rods (716) and support rods (719) are respectively hinged to the lower surface of each arc-shaped mating plate (76); the front end surface of the travel limiting stop plate (73) is respectively provided with limiting grooves, and the rear ends of the four arc-shaped mating plates (76) are all extended into the limiting grooves.

5. The laser welding device for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vortex drive cylinder (710) is movably sleeved in the center of the outer surface of the rotating spindle (77). The rear end of the vortex drive cylinder (710) extends to the center of the drive chamber (71), and a driven inclined gear disc (711) is fixedly connected to its rear end. The front end of the vortex drive cylinder (710) extends out of the drive chamber (71), and its outer end is threadedly engaged with the inner wall of the sliding adjustment sleeve (717). Axial limiting rings (79) are respectively attached to both ends of the vortex drive cylinder (710), and the axial limiting rings (79) are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating spindle (77).

6. The laser welding device for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting rod (712) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the drive compartment (71). A transmission inclined gear disk (714) is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting rod (712). The outer end of the transmission inclined gear disk (714) meshes with the outer end of the driven inclined gear disk (711). A transmission gear disk (713) is fixedly installed in the center of the outer surface of the connecting rod (712). A lead screw (720) is provided at the upper end of the transmission gear disk (713). The outer end of the lead screw (720) is engaged with the outer end of the transmission gear disk (713). One end of the lead screw (720) extends and is connected to the output end of the synchronous power source (72).

7. The laser welding device for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components according to claim 6, characterized in that: A drive gear disk (721) is installed on one side of the rear end of the drive compartment (71), and the outer end of the drive gear disk (721) meshes with the outer end of the driven gear disk (78) for transmission. The shaft of the drive gear disk (721) is fixedly connected to the output end of the synchronous power source (72).

8. The laser welding device for supporting the inner wall of tubular automotive components according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both radial guide bases (3) have guide rail grooves inside. A drive screw (32) is provided in the center of the guide rail groove, and one end of the drive screw (32) is fixedly connected to the output end of the synchronous servo motor (4). Guide slide rods (31) are provided parallel to the left and right ends of the drive screw (32). A stroke frame (34) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of both radial guide bases (3). The lower end of the stroke frame (34) extends into the inside of the guide rail groove and is threaded onto the drive screw (32) and slidably sleeved onto the guide slide rod (31), respectively. A bearing plate (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the stroke frame (34), and the upper surface of the bearing plate (33) is fixedly installed to the drive compartment (71) and the lower end of the synchronous power source (72) by bolts.

9. The laser welding device for inner wall support of automotive tubular components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end face of the frame support beam (2) is provided with a guide groove. The vertical displacement adjustment assembly (8) includes a guide screw (81) located in the center of the guide groove. The upper end of the guide screw (81) extends to the top surface of the frame support beam (2) and is connected to a variable frequency motor (82). The outer end of the guide screw (81) is threaded with a slider (83). The front end of the slider (83) extends out of the front surface of the frame support beam (2) and is connected to a connecting compartment (84). A fixing plate (85) is installed on the front surface of the connecting compartment (84). A guide sleeve (86) is connected to the center of the front end of the fixing plate (85). An adapter sleeve (88) is fitted inside the guide sleeve (86). The front end of the adapter sleeve (88) extends out of the guide sleeve (86) and is connected to a mounting interface seat (87). A laser welding head (9) is embedded in the front surface of the guide sleeve (86); a screw (89) is provided in the center inside the guide sleeve (86), the rear end of the screw (89) extends into the interior of the connecting compartment (84) and is equipped with a slanted gear plate (810), the front end of the screw (89) and the inner wall of the adapter sleeve (88) are threadedly driven; a stroke support telescopic rod (811) is installed around the front surface of the fixed plate (85), and the other end of the stroke support telescopic rod (811) is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the mounting interface seat (87); a fine-tuning motor (812) is installed on the upper surface of the connecting compartment (84), the output end of the fine-tuning motor (812) extends into the upper interior of the connecting compartment (84) and is equipped with a driving slanted gear plate (813), the driving slanted gear plate (813) meshes with the slanted gear plate (810) for transmission.

10. The process of the laser welding apparatus for supporting the inner wall of automotive tubular components according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes the following specific steps: S1: Place the automotive tubular component to be welded on the tubular welding base (1), align the openings at both ends of the tubular component with the two inner wall adaptive support units (7), start the synchronous servo motor (4) on the outside of the radial guide base (3), drive the drive screw (32) in the guide rail groove inside the radial guide base (3) to rotate; the drive screw (32) drives the threaded travel frame (34) to slide along the guide slide (31), and then pushes the two inner wall adaptive support units (7) to the openings at both ends of the tubular component through the bearing plate (33) at the top of the travel frame (34), thus completing the initial positioning of the workpiece; S2: Activate the synchronous power source (72) at the rear end of the drive compartment (71) in the inner wall adaptive support unit (7): On one hand, the synchronous power source (72) drives the transmission gear plate (713) to rotate through the lead screw (720) connected to the output end, and the transmission gear plate (713) drives the connecting rod (712) and the transmission inclined gear plate (714) at the front end to rotate; the transmission inclined gear plate (714) meshes with the driven inclined gear plate (711) at the rear end of the vortex transmission cylinder (710), driving the vortex transmission cylinder (710) to rotate along the rotating main shaft (77), and the vortex transmission cylinder ( 710) By engaging with the threaded connection of the sliding adjusting sleeve (717), the sliding adjusting sleeve (717) is pushed to slide forward along the rotating main shaft (77); the fixing hoop (718) at the outer end of the sliding adjusting sleeve (717) drives the support rod (719) to unfold, and together with the support rod (716) connected to the fixing hoop (715) on the cylinder (75), they jointly push the arc-shaped fitting liner (76) to open outward along the limiting groove of the travel limiting stop plate (73) until the arc-shaped fitting liner (76) tightly fits the inner wall of the tubular component, thus completing the inner wall support and fixation of the workpiece; S3: Start the vertical displacement adjustment assembly (8) on the frame support beam (2): First, start the variable frequency motor (82) to drive the guide screw (81) to rotate, which drives the threaded slider (83) to slide up and down along the guide groove at the front end of the frame support beam (2). The connecting compartment (84) and the fixed plate (85) connected by the slider (83) drive the guide sleeve (86) and the laser welding head (9) to complete the vertical alignment. Then, start the fine adjustment motor (812) at the upper end of the connecting compartment (84). The drive inclined gear plate (813) at the output end of the fine adjustment motor (812) meshes with the inclined gear plate (810) at the rear end of the screw (89) to drive the screw (89) to rotate. The screw (89) pushes the adapter (88) to slide back and forth along the guide sleeve (86) through the threaded engagement with the adapter sleeve (88), thereby driving the laser welding head (9) on the mounting interface seat (87) to accurately align with the welding joint of the tubular component and complete the welding head alignment. S4: Start the laser welding head (9) embedded in the installation interface seat (87) to perform laser welding on the joint of the tubular parts; the welding slag generated during the welding process falls naturally into the welding slag collection groove (5) in the center of the upper surface of the pipe welding base (1), and is temporarily stored in the detachable debris collection box (6) at the lower end of the welding slag collection groove (5). If it is necessary to achieve circumferential weld welding, the drive gear plate (721) connected to the output end can be driven by the synchronous power source (72) to rotate. The drive gear plate (721) meshes with the driven gear plate (78) at the rear end of the rotating spindle (77), driving the rotating spindle (77) and the supported tubular parts to rotate at a uniform speed, and complete the circumferential welding with the laser welding head (9); after the welding is completed, turn off all power sources, take out the detachable debris collection box (6) to clean the welding slag, and then reverse the operation to release the inner wall support and take off the welded workpiece.

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