Numerical simulation method and device for submerged arc welding molten pool, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a numerical simulation method and device for a submerged arc welding molten pool, an electronic device and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: determining a welding slag heat flux density and an arc heat flux density model according to a welding voltage and a welding current; determining an arc pressure model according to a vacuum magnetic permeability and the welding current; determining an interface tension model according to slag-gold interface coefficient information and gas-gold interface coefficient information; determining a volume heat model of arc heat flux or a volume heat model of welding slag heat flux according to the welding slag heat flux density and the arc heat flux density model; determining a volume force model of arc pressure or a volume force model of interface tension according to the arc pressure model, the slag-gold interface tension model and the gas-gold interface tension model; and loading the volume heat model of arc heat flux, the volume heat model of welding slag heat flux, the volume force model of arc pressure and the volume force model of interface tension into a fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool. The application can accurately perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of numerical simulation of welding, in particular to a numerical simulation method and device for a submerged arc welding molten pool, an electronic device and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Welding technology is one of the important foundations of modern manufacturing industry. Submerged arc welding is a special welding method in which the electric arc burns under the layer of flux. It has the advantages of high welding efficiency, good weld quality and good production conditions, and is widely used in important fields such as shipbuilding engineering, bridge engineering, metallurgical machinery manufacturing industry and ocean construction engineering. However, due to the shielding effect of the flux layer and the complexity of the welding process, it is difficult to obtain the instantaneous molten pool state through conventional experimental methods, which hinders the development of submerged arc welding process and the improvement of welding quality and production efficiency.

[0003] Using numerical simulation method to study the submerged arc welding process can quantitatively obtain the instantaneous molten pool state, which is of great significance for analyzing the temperature distribution and flow state of the molten pool and revealing the influence mechanism of welding process parameters and flux characteristics. Unlike other electric arc welding where the molten pool is exposed to the gas, the molten flux greatly affects the temperature distribution and flow state of the submerged arc welding molten pool. If only the electric arc surface heat / power model, the electromagnetic force model inside the molten pool, the droplet transfer model and other conventional electric arc welding numerical models are considered in the numerical simulation of the submerged arc welding molten pool, and the heat exchange and tension between the molten flux and the molten pool interface are ignored, there will be a large error between the simulated molten pool temperature distribution, flow state and molten pool profile and the actual welding results. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a numerical simulation method and device for a submerged arc welding molten pool, which takes into account the interfacial tension and can more accurately simulate the submerged arc welding molten pool.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a numerical simulation method for a submerged arc welding molten pool, which comprises:

[0006] obtaining the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the welding voltage, the welding current, the total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding, the vacuum permeability, the slag-gold interface coefficient information and the gas-gold interface coefficient information;

[0007] determining a slag heat flux density model according to the welding voltage and the welding current; determining an electric arc heat flux density model according to the welding voltage, the welding current and the total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding; determining an electric arc pressure model according to the vacuum permeability and the welding current; and determining an interfacial tension model according to the slag-gold interface coefficient information and the gas-gold interface coefficient information;

[0008] According to the slag heat flux density model, the arc heat flux density model, the volume heat model of the arc heat flux or the volume heat model of the slag heat flux is determined; according to the arc pressure model, the slag-gold interface tension model, the gas-gold interface tension model, the volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the interface tension is determined;

[0009] The physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the volume heat model of the arc heat flux, the volume heat model of the slag heat flux, the volume force model of the arc pressure, the volume force model of the interface tension, the preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the molten pool calculation domain and the molten drop dropping frequency condition are loaded into the fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the slag heat flux density model is determined according to the welding voltage and the welding current, and includes:

[0011] The slag heat flux density model is determined by the following formula:

[0012]

[0013]

[0014] wherein q s is the slag heat flux density model, η s is the slag heat efficiency, U is the welding voltage, I is the welding current, R s1 is the inner diameter of the slag heat source, R s2 is the outer diameter of the slag heat source, is the unit time flux consumption rate, C pf is the specific heat of the flux, T L is the liquidus temperature of the base material, and T0 is the room temperature.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the arc heat flux density model is determined according to the welding voltage, the welding current and the total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding, and includes:

[0016] The arc heat flux density model is determined by the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] η a = η - η s - η d ;

[0019]

[0020] wherein, is the arc heat flux density model, η a is the arc heat efficiency, σ is the Gaussian distribution parameter, r1 is the heat source distribution radius, η is the total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding, and ηd is the heat efficiency of the molten droplet, is the wire consumption per unit time, C p is the specific heat of the metal, T droplet is the temperature of the molten droplet, h sl is the latent heat of fusion of the base material.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the arc pressure model is determined according to the vacuum permeability, the welding current, and includes:

[0022] The arc pressure model is determined by the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] wherein, is the arc pressure model, μ m is the vacuum permeability, σ is a Gaussian distribution parameter, and r2 is the arc pressure distribution radius.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the interfacial tension model is determined according to the slag-gold interfacial coefficient information and the gas-gold interfacial coefficient information, and includes:

[0026] The interfacial tension model is determined by the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] wherein, γ is the interfacial tension model, k1 is the slag-gold interfacial tension coefficient, k2 is the gas-gold interfacial tension coefficient, ω1 is the slag-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, ω2 is the gas-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, and T' is the interfacial temperature at the interfacial tension distribution radius r3.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the volume heat model of the arc heat flux or the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flux is determined according to the welding slag heat flux density model and the arc heat flux density model, and includes:

[0030] The volume heat model of the arc heat flux or the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flux is determined by the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] wherein, Q v is the volume heat model of the arc heat flux or the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flux, q is the arc heat flux density model or the welding slag heat flux density model, is the phase volume fraction, ρ1 is the main phase density, ρ2 is the secondary phase density, C p1 is the specific heat of the main phase, C p2 is the specific heat of the secondary phase.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the interface tension is determined according to the arc pressure model, the slag-gold interface tension model, and the gas-gold interface tension model, and includes:

[0034] The volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the interface tension, including the volume force model of the slag-gold interface tension and the volume force model of the gas-gold interface tension, is determined by the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] wherein, is the volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the slag-gold interface tension or the volume force model of the gas-gold interface tension, is the arc pressure model or the slag-gold interface tension model or the gas-gold interface tension model.

[0037] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a numerical simulation device of a submerged arc welding molten pool, and the numerical simulation device of the submerged arc welding molten pool includes:

[0038] An acquisition module is configured to acquire physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, a welding voltage, a welding current, a total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding, a vacuum magnetic permeability, slag-gold interface coefficient information, and gas-gold interface coefficient information.

[0039] A determination module is configured to determine a slag heat flux density model according to the welding voltage and the welding current, determine an arc heat flux density model according to the welding voltage, the welding current, and the total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding, determine an arc pressure model according to the vacuum magnetic permeability and the welding current, and determine an interface tension model according to the slag-gold interface coefficient information and the gas-gold interface coefficient information.

[0040] The determination module is further configured to determine a volume heat model of the arc heat flux or a volume heat model of the slag heat flux according to the slag heat flux density model and the arc heat flux density model, and determine a volume force model of the arc pressure or a volume force model of the interface tension according to the arc pressure model, the slag-gold interface tension model, and the gas-gold interface tension model.

[0041] A loading module is configured to load the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the volume heat model of the arc heat flux, the volume heat model of the slag heat flux, the volume force model of the arc pressure, the volume force model of the interface tension, a preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding molten pool, a molten pool calculation domain, and a droplet falling frequency condition into a fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the determination module is specifically configured to determine the slag heat flux density model by the following formula:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] wherein q s is the slag heat flux model, η s is the slag thermal efficiency, U is the welding voltage, I is the welding current, R s1 is the inner diameter of the slag heat source, R s2 is the outer diameter of the slag heat source, is the flux consumption rate per unit time, C pf is the specific heat of the flux, T L is the base metal liquidus temperature, and T0 is the room temperature.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the determining module is specifically configured to determine the arc heat flux model by the following formula:

[0047]

[0048] η a = η - η s - η d .

[0049]

[0050] wherein, is the arc heat flux model, η a is the arc thermal efficiency, σ is a Gaussian distribution parameter, r1 is a heat source distribution radius, η is the total heat efficiency of the submerged arc welding, η d is the droplet heat efficiency, is the wire consumption rate per unit time, C p is the specific heat of the metal, T droplet is the droplet temperature, h sl is the latent heat of the base metal melting.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the determining module is specifically configured to determine the arc pressure model by the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] wherein, is the arc pressure model, μ m is the vacuum permeability, σ is a Gaussian distribution parameter, and r2 is an arc pressure distribution radius.

[0054] In a possible implementation, the determining module is specifically configured to determine the interfacial tension model by the following formula:

[0055]

[0056] Wherein, γ is the interfacial tension model, k1 is the slag-gold interfacial tension coefficient, k2 is the gas-gold interfacial tension coefficient, ω1 is the slag-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, ω2 is the gas-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, and T' is the interfacial temperature at the interfacial tension distribution radius r3.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the determining module is specifically configured to determine the volume heat model of the arc heat flow or the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow by the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] Wherein, Q v is the volume heat model of the arc heat flow or the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow, q is the arc heat flow density model or the welding slag heat flow density model, is the phase volume fraction, ρ1 is the main phase density, ρ2 is the secondary phase density, C p1 is the specific heat of the main phase, C p2 is the specific heat of the secondary phase.

[0060] In a possible implementation, the determining module is specifically configured to determine the volume force model of the arc pressure, or the volume force model of the slag-gold interfacial tension, or the volume force model of the gas-gold interfacial tension, in the interfacial tension model, by the following formula:

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, is the volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the slag-gold interfacial tension or the volume force model of the gas-gold interfacial tension, is the arc pressure model or the slag-gold interfacial tension model or the gas-gold interfacial tension model.

[0063] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, including a processor, a storage medium and a bus, the storage medium stores machine readable instructions executable by the processor, when the electronic device is running, the processor and the storage medium communicate through the bus, the processor executes the machine readable instructions to perform the steps of the numerical simulation method of the submerged arc welding molten pool according to any one of the first aspect.

[0064] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, when the computer program is run by the processor, the steps of the numerical simulation method of the submerged arc welding molten pool according to any one of the first aspect are executed.

[0065] The embodiment of the application provides a numerical simulation method and device of a submerged arc welding molten pool, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a welding slag heat flow density model according to welding voltage and welding current; determining an electric arc heat flow density model according to the welding voltage, the welding current and the total thermal efficiency of the submerged arc welding; determining an electric arc pressure model according to vacuum magnetic permeability and welding current; determining an interface tension model according to slag-gold interface coefficient information and gas-gold interface coefficient information; determining a volume heat model of the electric arc heat flow or a volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow according to the welding slag heat flow density model and the electric arc heat flow density model; determining a volume force model of the electric arc pressure or a volume force model of the interface tension according to the electric arc pressure model, the slag-gold interface tension model and the gas-gold interface tension model; and loading the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the volume heat model of the electric arc heat flow, the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow, the volume force model of the electric arc pressure, the volume force model of the interface tension, the preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the molten pool calculation domain and the molten drop dropping frequency condition into fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool. The embodiment of the application determines the welding slag heat flow density model and the electric arc heat flow density model, determines the volume heat model of the electric arc heat flow or the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow, determines the volume force model of the electric arc pressure or the volume force model of the interface tension according to the electric arc pressure model, the slag-gold interface tension model and the gas-gold interface tension model, and then loads the volume heat model of the electric arc heat flow, the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow, the volume force model of the electric arc pressure and the volume force model of the interface tension into the fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool, so that the numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool is more accurate by considering the interface tension. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0066] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0067] Figure 1 A flow chart of a numerical simulation method of a submerged arc welding molten pool provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0068] Figure 2 A flow chart of another numerical simulation method of a submerged arc welding molten pool provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0069] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a numerical simulation device of a submerged arc welding molten pool provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0070] Figure 4A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings in the present application serve only the purpose of description and illustration, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportions. The flowcharts used in the present application show the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowcharts can not be implemented in sequence, and the steps without logical context relationship can be reversed in sequence or implemented simultaneously. In addition, one or more other operations can be added to the flowcharts or one or more operations can be removed from the flowcharts under the guidance of the content of the present application.

[0072] In addition, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0073] In order to enable those skilled in the art to use the content of the present application, the following implementation modes are given in combination with a specific application scenario "welding numerical simulation technical field". Those skilled in the art can apply the general principles defined herein to other embodiments and application scenarios without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Although the present application is mainly described in relation to the "welding numerical simulation technical field", it should be understood that this is only an exemplary embodiment.

[0074] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of the present application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0075] A numerical simulation method of a submerged arc welding molten pool provided by an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below.

[0076] Reference Figure 1 A flowchart of a numerical simulation method of a submerged arc welding molten pool provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, and the exemplary steps of the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

[0077] S101, acquire physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, welding voltage, welding current, total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding, vacuum permeability, slag-gold interface coefficient information, gas-gold interface coefficient information.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool include the density, liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, latent heat of fusion, thermal conductivity, specific heat, viscosity and the like of the base material, the density, melting point, thermal conductivity, specific heat, viscosity and the like of the flux. The slag-gold interface coefficient information includes the slag-gold interface tension coefficient and the slag-gold interface tension temperature coefficient. The gas-gold interface coefficient information includes the gas-gold interface tension coefficient and the gas-gold interface tension temperature coefficient.

[0079] The slag-gold interface refers to the interface between the welding slag and the metal, and the gas-gold interface refers to the interface between the air and the metal.

[0080] S102, determine a welding slag heat flux density model according to the welding voltage and the welding current; determine an electric arc heat flux density model according to the welding voltage, the welding current and the total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding; determine an electric arc pressure model according to the vacuum permeability and the welding current; and determine an interface tension model according to the slag-gold interface coefficient information and the gas-gold interface coefficient information.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present application, since submerged arc welding is a special welding method in which the electric arc burns under the flux layer, that is, for the submerged arc welding molten pool, its heat flux density should also include the welding slag heat flux density model. Other welding molten pools do not have the welding slag heat flux density model, and therefore, the welding slag heat flux density model of the molten pool needs to be considered. Existing numerical simulation ignores the tension effect between the molten flux and the molten pool interface, that is, the interface tension model, which causes a large error between the molten pool temperature distribution, flow state and molten pool profile obtained by simulation and the actual welding result.

[0082] Specifically, the welding slag heat flux density model is determined by the following formula:

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] wherein q s is the welding slag heat flux density model, η s is the welding slag heat efficiency, U is the welding voltage, I is the welding current, R s1 is the inner diameter of the welding slag heat source, R s2 is the outer diameter of the welding slag heat source, is the flux consumption rate per unit time, C pf is the specific heat of the flux, T L is the liquidus temperature of the base material, and T0 is the room temperature.

[0086] Specifically, the arc heat flux density model is determined by the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] η a = η - η s - η d ;

[0089]

[0090] wherein, is the arc heat flux density model, η a is the arc heat efficiency, σ is the Gaussian distribution parameter, r1 is the heat source distribution radius, η is the total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding, η d is the droplet heat efficiency, is the consumption of welding wire per unit time, C p is the specific heat of metal, T droplet is the droplet temperature, h sl is the latent heat of base metal melting.

[0091] Specifically, the arc pressure model is determined by the following formula:

[0092]

[0093] wherein, is the arc pressure model, μ m is the vacuum permeability, σ is the Gaussian distribution parameter, r2 is the arc pressure distribution radius.

[0094] Specifically, the interfacial tension model is determined by the following formula:

[0095]

[0096] wherein, γ is the interfacial tension model, k1 is the slag-gold interfacial tension coefficient, k2 is the gas-gold interfacial tension coefficient, ω1 is the slag-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, ω2 is the gas-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, T' is the interfacial temperature at the interfacial tension distribution radius r3.

[0097] Here, when , it indicates that the position of the interfacial tension distribution radius r3 is at the slag-gold interface, and when , it indicates that the position of the interfacial tension distribution radius r3 is at the gas-gold interface.

[0098] S103, determining a volumetric heat model of the arc heat flux or a volumetric heat model of the welding slag heat flux according to the welding slag heat flux density model and the arc heat flux density model; determining a volumetric force model of the arc pressure or a volumetric force model of the interfacial tension according to the arc pressure model, the slag-gold interfacial tension model, and the gas-gold interfacial tension model.

[0099] Specifically, the volume heat model of the arc heat flux or the volume heat model of the slag heat flux is determined by the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] wherein Q v is the volume heat model of the arc heat flux or the volume heat model of the slag heat flux, q is the arc heat flux density model or the slag heat flux density model, is the phase volume fraction, ρ1 is the primary phase density, ρ2 is the secondary phase density, C p1 is the specific heat of the primary phase, C p2 is the specific heat of the secondary phase.

[0102] Here, the determination of the volume heat model of the arc heat flux or the volume heat model of the slag heat flux can be divided into two steps, the first step is to determine the volume heat model of the arc heat flux, and the second step is to determine the volume heat model of the slag heat flux.

[0103] The first step: the volume heat model of the arc heat flux is determined by the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] wherein q is replaced by the arc heat flux density model q a(r) , and other parameters remain unchanged.

[0106] The second step: the volume heat model of the slag heat flux is determined by the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] wherein q is replaced by the slag heat flux density model q s , and other parameters remain unchanged.

[0109] Specifically, the volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the interfacial tension, the volume force model of the slag-gold interfacial tension, or the volume force model of the gas-gold interfacial tension is determined by the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] wherein, is the volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the slag-gold interfacial tension or the volume force model of the gas-gold interfacial tension, is the arc pressure model or the slag-gold interfacial tension model or the gas-gold interfacial tension model.

[0112] Here, the slag-gold interface tension volume force model in the volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the interface tension can be divided into two steps. The first step is to determine the volume force model of the arc pressure. The second step is to determine the volume force model of the slag-gold interface tension in the volume force model of the interface tension. The third step is to determine the volume force model of the gas-gold interface tension. The second step and the third step refer to the first step.

[0113] The first step is to determine the volume force model of the arc pressure by the following formula:

[0114]

[0115] wherein the arc pressure model p is replaced by a(r) , and other parameters remain unchanged.

[0116] S104, load the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the volume heat model of the arc heat flow, the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow, the volume force model of the arc pressure, the volume force model of the interface tension, the preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the molten pool calculation domain and the molten drop dropping frequency condition into the fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present application, the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the volume heat model of the arc heat flow, the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow, the volume force model of the arc pressure, the volume force model of the interface tension, the preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the preset molten pool calculation domain and the preset molten drop dropping frequency condition, the electromagnetic force inside the molten pool, the gravity inside the molten pool and the thermal buoyancy inside the molten pool are loaded into the fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool.

[0118] Specifically, the preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding molten pool is specifically as follows:

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] wherein, is the molten pool velocity vector, m s is the molten pool mass source term, p is the molten pool density, t is the time, p is the molten pool pressure, and μ is the molten pool dynamic viscosity, is the molten pool momentum source term, A mush is the molten pool paste area constant, f L is the molten pool fluid volume fraction, δ is a preset very small positive number, h is the molten pool enthalpy, k is the molten pool thermal conductivity, S h ​for the molten pool energy source term.

[0123] The volume heat model of arc heat flow, the volume heat model of slag heat flow, and the sum of the droplet heat efficiency are taken as the energy source term. The volume force model of arc pressure, the volume force model of interfacial tension, electromagnetic force inside the molten pool, gravity inside the molten pool, and thermal buoyancy inside the molten pool are taken as the dynamic source term.

[0124] Specifically, a calculation domain is set. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, a three-dimensional geometric model symmetrical about the x0y plane is established in the Lagrangian coordinate system, which can be preset to 70mmx16mmx20mm(xx yx z). In the Z direction, the model between 0mm and 15mm is set as the molten pool metal area (0<z<0.015m), and the model between 15mm and 20mm is set as the medium area (0.015<z<0.02m). Further, the corresponding calculation domain grid is generated, and the grid unit is a regular hexahedron with an edge length of 0.4mm. The specific values can be determined according to the actual situation, and are not specifically limited.

[0125] Specifically, the phase volume fraction φ inlet As the droplet falling frequency condition to present the periodic dropping of the metal droplet, the control function is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] In the formula, the droplet falling speed v inlet is set to 0.1m / s, the droplet falling frequency f droplet is set to 39, the droplet cylindrical height α in the speed inlet is set to 1.6mm, and floor() is the floor function; wherein f droplet and α are related to the wire consumption and the speed inlet diameter r d , and the speed inlet diameter is set to 1.2mm. The specific numerical setting can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0128] The embodiment of the application provides a numerical simulation method and device for a submerged arc welding molten pool, an electronic device and a storage medium, the method comprising: determining a welding slag heat flow density model according to welding voltage and welding current; determining an electric arc heat flow density model according to the welding voltage, the welding current and a total heat efficiency of submerged arc welding; determining an electric arc pressure model according to vacuum magnetic permeability and welding current; determining an interface tension model according to slag-gold interface coefficient information and gas-gold interface coefficient information; determining a volume heat model of electric arc heat flow or a volume heat model of welding slag heat flow according to the welding slag heat flow density model and the electric arc heat flow density model; determining a volume force model of electric arc pressure or a volume force model of interface tension according to the electric arc pressure model, the slag-gold interface tension model and the gas-gold interface tension model; and loading physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, the volume heat model of electric arc heat flow, the volume heat model of welding slag heat flow, the volume force model of electric arc pressure, the volume force model of interface tension, a preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding molten pool, a molten pool calculation domain and a molten drop falling frequency condition into fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool. The embodiment of the application determines the volume heat model of electric arc heat flow or the volume heat model of welding slag heat flow through the determined welding slag heat flow density model and the electric arc heat flow density model, and determines the volume force model of electric arc pressure or the volume force model of interface tension through the determined electric arc pressure model, the slag-gold interface tension model and the gas-gold interface tension model; then the volume heat model of electric arc heat flow, the volume heat model of welding slag heat flow, the volume force model of electric arc pressure and the volume force model of interface tension are loaded into the fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool, and the interface tension is considered, so that the numerical simulation on the submerged arc welding molten pool is more accurate.

[0129] Referring to Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a flowchart of another numerical simulation method for a submerged arc welding molten pool provided by the embodiment of the application, and the following exemplary steps of the embodiment of the application are described:

[0130] S201, determining a welding slag heat efficiency according to welding voltage, welding current and unit time flux consumption rate.

[0131] The welding slag heat efficiency is determined through the following formula:

[0132]

[0133] S202, determining a molten drop heat efficiency according to welding voltage, welding current and unit time flux consumption rate.

[0134] The molten drop heat efficiency is determined through the following formula:

[0135]

[0136] S203, determining an electric arc heat efficiency according to the welding slag heat efficiency and the molten drop heat efficiency.

[0137] The thermal efficiency of an electric arc is determined using the following formula;

[0138] η a =η-η s -η d ;

[0139] This application provides another numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool. This method includes determining the slag thermal efficiency based on welding voltage, welding current, and flux consumption rate per unit time; determining the droplet thermal efficiency based on welding voltage, welding current, and wire consumption per unit time; and determining the arc thermal efficiency based on the slag thermal efficiency and droplet thermal efficiency. In other words, the total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding includes three types: slag thermal efficiency, droplet thermal efficiency, and arc thermal efficiency. However, there is currently no precedent for calculating the arc thermal efficiency. Therefore, the arc thermal efficiency is obtained by subtracting the slag thermal efficiency and droplet thermal efficiency from the total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding.

[0140] Reference Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a numerical simulation device for a submerged arc welding pool provided in an embodiment of this application. The numerical simulation device for the submerged arc welding pool includes:

[0141] The acquisition module 301 is used to acquire the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, welding voltage, welding current, total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding, vacuum magnetic permeability, slag-metal interface coefficient information, and gas-metal interface coefficient information.

[0142] The determination module 302 is used to determine the slag heat flux density model based on the welding voltage and welding current; the arc heat flux density model based on the welding voltage, welding current, and total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding; the arc pressure model based on the vacuum permeability and welding current; and the interfacial tension model based on the slag-metal interface coefficient information and the gas-metal interface coefficient information.

[0143] The determination module 302 is also used to determine the volumetric thermal model of the arc heat flow or the volumetric thermal model of the slag heat flow based on the slag heat flow density model and the arc heat flow density model; and to determine the volumetric force model of the arc pressure or the volumetric force model of the interface tension based on the arc pressure model, the slag-metal interface tension model, and the gas-metal interface tension model.

[0144] The loading module 303 is used to load the physical properties of the submerged arc welding pool, the volumetric thermal model of the arc heat flow, the volumetric thermal model of the slag heat flow, the volumetric force model of the arc pressure, the volumetric force model of the interfacial tension, the preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding pool, the calculation domain of the pool, and the droplet frequency conditions into the fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation of the submerged arc welding pool.

[0145] In a possible implementation, the determining module 302 is specifically configured to determine the slag heat flux density model by the following formula:

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] wherein q s is the slag heat flux density model, η s is the slag heat efficiency, U is the welding voltage, I is the welding current, R s1 is the inner diameter of the slag heat source, R s2 is the outer diameter of the slag heat source, is the consumption rate of the flux per unit time, C pf is the specific heat of the flux, T L is the liquidus temperature of the base material, and T0 is the room temperature.

[0149] In a possible implementation, the determining module 302 is specifically configured to determine the arc heat flux density model by the following formula:

[0150]

[0151] η a = η - η s - η d ;

[0152]

[0153] wherein is the arc heat flux density model, η a is the arc heat efficiency, σ is the Gaussian distribution parameter, r1 is the heat source distribution radius, η is the total heat efficiency of the submerged arc welding, η d is the droplet heat efficiency, is the consumption amount of the welding wire per unit time, C p is the specific heat of the metal, T droplet is the droplet temperature, h sl is the latent heat of melting of the base material.

[0154] In a possible implementation, the determining module 302 is specifically configured to determine the arc pressure model by the following formula:

[0155]

[0156] wherein is the arc pressure model, μ m is the vacuum permeability, σ is the Gaussian distribution parameter, and r2 is the arc pressure distribution radius.

[0157] In a possible implementation, the determining module 302 is specifically configured to determine the interfacial tension model by the following formula:

[0158]

[0159] wherein γ is the interfacial tension model, k1 is a slag-gold interfacial tension coefficient, k2 is a gas-gold interfacial tension coefficient, ω1 is a slag-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, ω2 is a gas-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, and T' is an interfacial temperature at a radius r3 of the interfacial tension distribution.

[0160] In a possible implementation, the determining module 302 is specifically configured to determine a volume heat model of the arc heat flow or a volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow by the following formula:

[0161]

[0162] wherein Q v is the volume heat model of the arc heat flow or the volume heat model of the welding slag heat flow, q is an arc heat flow density model or a welding slag heat flow density model, is a phase volume fraction, ρ1 is a main phase density, ρ2 is a secondary phase density, C p1 is a specific heat of the main phase, C p2 is a specific heat of the secondary phase.

[0163] In a possible implementation, the determining module 302 is specifically configured to determine a volume force model of the arc pressure or a volume force model of the interfacial tension, or a volume force model of the slag-gold interfacial tension or a volume force model of the gas-gold interfacial tension by the following formula:

[0164]

[0165] wherein, is the volume force model of the arc pressure or the volume force model of the slag-gold interfacial tension or the volume force model of the gas-gold interfacial tension, is an arc pressure model or a slag-gold interfacial tension model or a gas-gold interfacial tension model.

[0166] As shown in FIG. 4, Figure 4 the electronic device 400 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a processor 401, a memory 402 and a bus, the memory 402 stores machine readable instructions executable by the processor 401, when the electronic device is running, the processor 401 and the memory 402 communicate through the bus, the processor 401 executes the machine readable instructions to perform the steps of the numerical simulation device of the submerged arc welding molten pool as described above.

[0167] Specifically, the memory 402 and the processor 401 can be general memory and processor, which are not specifically limited here, and when the processor 401 runs the computer program stored in the memory 402, the numerical simulation method of the submerged arc welding molten pool described above can be executed.

[0168] Corresponding to the numerical simulation method of the submerged arc welding molten pool described above, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is run by a processor to execute the steps of the numerical simulation method of the submerged arc welding molten pool described above.

[0169] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the system and device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the method embodiment, and will not be repeated in the present application. In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner. For example, a plurality of modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed mutual elements can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some communication interface, device or module, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0170] The modules described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components displayed as modules can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on multiple network units. According to actual needs, part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0171] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0172] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a nonvolatile computer readable storage medium executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the parts that contribute to the prior art or parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the information processing method described in the embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various storage program codes.

[0173] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool, characterized in that, The numerical simulation method for the submerged arc welding molten pool includes: To obtain the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, welding voltage, welding current, total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding, vacuum magnetic permeability, slag-metal interface coefficient information, and gas-metal interface coefficient information; Based on the welding voltage and the welding current, a slag heat flux density model is determined; based on the welding voltage, the welding current, and the total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding, an arc heat flux density model is determined; based on the vacuum permeability and the welding current, an arc pressure model is determined; based on the slag-metal interface coefficient information and the gas-metal interface coefficient information, an interface tension model is determined. Based on the slag heat flux density model and the arc heat flux density model, determine the volumetric thermal model of the arc heat flux or the volumetric thermal model of the slag heat flux; based on the arc pressure model, the slag-metal interface tension model, and the gas-metal interface tension model, determine the volumetric force model of the arc pressure or the volumetric force model of the interface tension. The physical properties of the submerged arc welding pool, the volumetric thermal model of the arc heat flow, the volumetric thermal model of the slag heat flow, the volumetric force model of the arc pressure, the volumetric force model of the interfacial tension, the preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding pool, the calculation domain of the pool, and the droplet frequency conditions are loaded into the fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation of the submerged arc welding pool.

2. The numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the slag heat flux density model based on the welding voltage and the welding current includes: The heat flux density model of the welding slag is determined by the following formula; Where, q s For the slag heat flux density model, η s U is the welding slag thermal efficiency, U is the welding voltage, I is the welding current, and R is the welding current. s1 R is the inner diameter of the welding slag heat source. s2 The outer diameter of the welding slag heat source. C represents the flux consumption rate per unit time. pf For the specific heat of the flux, T L T0 is the liquidus temperature of the base material, and T0 is room temperature.

3. The numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the arc heat flux density model based on the welding voltage, the welding current, and the total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding includes: The electric arc heat flux density model is determined by the following formula; or a =th-th s -or d ; in, For the electric arc heat flux density model, η a Let σ be the arc thermal efficiency, σ be the Gaussian distribution parameter, r1 be the heat source distribution radius, and η be the total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding. d For droplet heat efficiency, C represents the amount of welding wire consumed per unit time. p Specific heat of metals, T droplet h is the droplet melting temperature. sl It is the latent heat of melting of the base material.

4. The numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the arc pressure model based on the vacuum permeability and the welding current includes: The arc pressure model is determined using the following formula; in, For the arc pressure model, μ m σ is the vacuum permeability, σ is the Gaussian distribution parameter, and r2 is the radius of the arc pressure distribution.

5. The numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the interfacial tension model based on the slag-gold interface coefficient information and the gas-gold interface coefficient information includes: The interfacial tension model is determined using the following formula; Where γ is the interfacial tension model, k1 is the slag-gold interfacial tension coefficient, k2 is the gas-gold interfacial tension coefficient, ω1 is the slag-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, ω2 is the gas-gold interfacial tension temperature coefficient, and T′ is the interfacial temperature at the radius of the interfacial tension distribution r3.

6. The numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the volumetric thermal model of the arc heat flow or the volumetric thermal model of the weld slag heat flow based on the weld slag heat flow density model and the arc heat flow density model includes: The volumetric thermal model of the electric arc heat flow or the volumetric thermal model of the welding slag heat flow is determined by the following formulas; Among them, Q v q represents the volumetric thermal model of the electric arc heat flux or the volumetric thermal model of the weld slag heat flux, and q represents the electric arc heat flux density model or the weld slag heat flux density model. ρ1 is the volume fraction of the phase, ρ2 is the density of the primary phase, and C is the density of the secondary phase. p1 Compared to heat, C p2 This is a secondary heat source.

7. The numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining the volume force model of arc pressure or the volume force model of interfacial tension based on the arc pressure model, the slag-metal interfacial tension model, and the gas-metal interfacial tension model includes: The volume force model of the arc pressure, or the volume force model of the slag-gold interface tension and the volume force model of the gas-gold interface tension, are determined by the following formulas. in, This refers to the volume force model of arc pressure, the volume force model of slag-metal interfacial tension, or the volume force model of gas-metal interfacial tension. It can be an electric arc pressure model, a slag-metal interface tension model, or a gas-metal interface tension model.

8. A numerical simulation device for submerged arc welding molten pool, characterized in that, The numerical simulation device for the submerged arc welding molten pool includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the physical properties of the submerged arc welding molten pool, welding voltage, welding current, total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding, vacuum magnetic permeability, slag-metal interface coefficient information, and gas-metal interface coefficient information. The determination module is used to determine the slag heat flux density model based on the welding voltage and the welding current; to determine the arc heat flux density model based on the welding voltage, the welding current, and the total thermal efficiency of submerged arc welding; to determine the arc pressure model based on the vacuum permeability and the welding current; and to determine the interface tension model based on the slag-metal interface coefficient information and the gas-metal interface coefficient information. The determining module is also used to determine the volumetric thermal model of the arc heat flux or the volumetric thermal model of the slag heat flux based on the slag heat flux density model and the arc heat flux density model; and to determine the volumetric force model of the arc pressure or the volumetric force model of the interface tension based on the arc pressure model, the slag-metal interface tension model and the gas-metal interface tension model. The loading module is used to load the physical properties of the submerged arc welding pool, the volumetric thermal model of the arc heat flow, the volumetric thermal model of the slag heat flow, the volumetric force model of the arc pressure, the volumetric force model of the interfacial tension, the preset mathematical model of the submerged arc welding pool, the calculation domain of the pool, and the droplet frequency conditions into the fluid simulation software to perform numerical simulation of the submerged arc welding pool.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a processor, a storage medium, and a bus, wherein the storage medium stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is running, the processor communicates with the storage medium via the bus, and the processor executes the machine-readable instructions to perform the steps of the numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the numerical simulation method for submerged arc welding molten pool as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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