ECC concrete based on carbon black doping and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of conductive materials, and discloses ECC concrete based on carbon black doping and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method includes the following steps that cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume and limestone powder are subjected to dry mixing to obtain a dry material; dispersing carbon black and a dispersing agent in water to obtain carbon black dispersion liquid; and mixing the dry material, the carbon black dispersion liquid, a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and polyethylene fibers to obtain the carbon black doped concrete. The conductivity of the ECC concrete is improved through the carbon black, the ECC concrete is applied to the field of friction nano-generators, potential difference can be formed through extrusion of an automobile in the using process, and therefore current is output to supply power to traffic lights, monitoring equipment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of conductive materials technology, and more specifically, to an ECC concrete based on carbon black doping, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent transportation systems, traffic monitoring equipment is playing an increasingly important role in road safety management and vehicle-road cooperative systems. Traditional traffic monitoring devices, such as vehicle speed detectors, traffic flow sensors, and video surveillance equipment, mainly use mains power or battery power. This power supply method has the following prominent problems: 1. High power supply maintenance costs: When deployed in remote areas or along long highways, batteries need to be replaced frequently or power lines need to be erected, resulting in significant annual maintenance costs.

[0003] 2. Poor installation flexibility: Wired power supply limits the location of equipment and makes it difficult to achieve full coverage of the monitoring network; battery power supply is limited by battery life and ambient temperature.

[0004] 3. Environmental pollution risk: Improper disposal of large quantities of waste batteries can easily cause heavy metal pollution, which is inconsistent with the concept of green transportation development.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, researchers have recently proposed technological approaches to capture energy from the environment to power monitoring devices. Among these, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) utilize the principle that "different materials have different dielectric properties; when two different materials come into contact, positive and negative static charges are generated on the surface; when the two materials separate, the positive and negative charges also separate, thus generating a potential difference," driving the flow of electrons in a circuit. This technology has been used to construct vertically separated pavements and to power tunnel lighting systems (patent application number: 202311611880.1) and overspeed alarm systems (patent application number: 202311218388.8). However, these solutions still suffer from low actual conversion efficiency of piezoelectric pavements, significant decrease in light transmittance over long-term use of photovoltaic pavements, and the fragility of piezoelectric ceramics under repeated vehicle loads. Based on these problems, there is an urgent need in this field to disclose a novel conductive material for triboelectric nanogenerator systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes an ECC concrete based on carbon black doping, its preparation method and application, aiming to solve the problems of low conversion efficiency of triboelectric nanogenerator pavement, insufficient long-term performance and difficulty in later maintenance in the current technology.

[0007] This invention proposes a method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping, comprising the following steps: 1) Dry mix cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder to obtain dry material; Carbon black and a dispersant are dispersed in water to obtain a carbon black dispersion. 2) Carbon black-doped concrete is obtained by mixing dry materials, carbon black dispersion, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and polyethylene fiber.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder in step 1) is 1:1.00~1.15:0.68~0.76:0.18~0.24:0.12~0.16.

[0009] Preferably, the ratio of carbon black to water in step 1) is 0.02:0.82~0.88; The amount of the dispersant added is 0.4~0.6 kg / m³ based on ECC concrete with carbon black doping. 3 .

[0010] Preferably, the mixing ratio of the dry material and the carbon black dispersion in step 2) is 3.3~4:1; The amount of polyethylene fiber added is 1.5-3% of the total dry weight; The amount of water-reducing agent added is 15~23 kg / m³ based on ECC concrete with carbon black doping. 3 .

[0011] This invention provides an ECC concrete prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping.

[0012] The present invention also provides a triboelectric nanogenerator, comprising a deformable support shell, a sponge filler, a flexible PDMS counter electrode, and an ECC concrete electrode arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The ECC concrete electrode is prepared from the aforementioned carbon black-doped ECC concrete.

[0013] Preferably, the method for fabricating the flexible PDMS counter electrode includes the following steps: The flexible PDMS counter electrode is obtained by mixing PDMS A and B components at a mass ratio of 10:1 and then molding them in a mold.

[0014] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned triboelectric nanogenerator in traffic monitoring and traffic light power supply.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Carbon black forms a fractal conductive network inside concrete through self-assembly. When the dosage reaches 2%, the surface resistance drops to 10. 5The strength is on the order of Ω / sq, and the incorporation of polyethylene fibers keeps the compressive strength of the concrete above 30MPa, increasing the fracture energy to more than 50 times that of traditional concrete, thus solving the problem of balancing the mechanical and electrical properties of conductive materials. The raw materials, such as cement and carbon black, are low-cost and readily available, reducing costs by more than 40% compared to piezoelectric ceramic solutions.

[0016] (2) This invention improves the conductivity of ECC concrete by using carbon black and uses ECCB as the electrode of a triboelectric nanogenerator, with flexible PDMS as the counter electrode. This constitutes the basic structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator. The top layer is a deformable supporting shell, and the middle layer is a sponge-filled material. When a vehicle drives over a speed bump, the tire compresses the deformable shell, causing the two electrodes to contact and separate, thereby collecting energy. When the car tire drives over the speed bump, the generated electrical energy is connected to the concrete energy storage facility and traffic monitoring system through wires. The two ends of the triboelectric nanogenerator are directly connected to the energy storage concrete through wires, and are also connected to traffic lights and monitoring equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator described in this invention. Figure 1 In the diagram, A represents the cross-sectional structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator. Figure 1 B in the diagram is a top view of a triboelectric nanogenerator; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the triboelectric nanogenerator described in this invention in traffic monitoring and traffic light power supply. Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the structural changes of a triboelectric nanogenerator as a vehicle tire passes over a speed bump. Figure 3 In this context, 'i' represents the initial state of the speed bump triboelectric nanogenerator. Figure 3 In Figure ii, the internal structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator changes when it is subjected to speed bumps caused by wheels. Figure 3 In the diagram, iii represents the changes in the internal structure of the friction nanogenerator after it has been subjected to a speed bump by a wheel. Figure 4 A cross-sectional photograph of the triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in Example 1; Figure 5 The output voltage curve of the triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in Example 1 at a frequency of 1 Hz is shown. Figure 6 The output current curve of the triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in Example 1 at a frequency of 1 Hz; Figure 7 Conductivity curves for ECC concrete with different carbon black content; Figure 8 The resistivity variation curves of ECC concrete with different carbon black content are shown. Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the practical application of triboelectric nanogenerators; The components include: 1. Deformable support shell; 2. Sponge filler; 3. Flexible PDMS counter electrode; 4. ECC concrete electrode; and 5. Tire. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, regarding the numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included within this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0020] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0021] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0022] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0023] This invention provides a method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping, comprising the following steps: 1) Dry mix cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder to obtain dry material; Carbon black and a dispersant are dispersed in water to obtain a carbon black dispersion. 2) Carbon black-doped concrete is obtained by mixing dry materials, carbon black dispersion, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and polyethylene fiber.

[0024] In this invention, the mass ratio of cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder in step 1) is 1:1.00~1.15:0.68~0.76:0.18~0.24:0.12~0.16, preferably 1:1.05~1.10:0.70~0.73:0.20~0.22:0.13~0.15, more preferably 1:1.06~1.08:0.70~0.72:0.20~0.21:0.13~0.14, and even more preferably 1:1.07:0.71:0.21:0.14.

[0025] In this invention, the ratio of carbon black to water in step 1) is 0.02:0.82~0.88, preferably 0.02:0.84~0.86, more preferably 0.02:0.85~0.855, and even more preferably 0.02:0.85.

[0026] In this invention, the amount of dispersant added is 0.4~0.6 kg / m² based on ECC concrete with carbon black doping. 3 The preferred value is 0.45~0.55 kg / m³. 3 Further preferred values ​​are 0.48~0.52 kg / m³. 3 More preferably 0.5 kg / m 3 .

[0027] In this invention, the mixing ratio of the dry material and the carbon black dispersion in step 2) is 3.3~4:1, preferably 3.5~3.9:1, more preferably 3.7~3.8:1, and even more preferably 3.76:1.

[0028] In this invention, the amount of polyethylene fiber added is 1.5 to 3% of the total dry weight, preferably 1.8 to 2.5%, more preferably 1.9 to 2.2%, and even more preferably 2%.

[0029] In this invention, the amount of water-reducing agent added is 15~23 kg / m² based on ECC concrete with carbon black doping. 3 The preferred value is 18~22 kg / m 3 Further preferred is 19~21 kg / m 3More preferably 20 kg / m 3 .

[0030] This invention provides an ECC concrete prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method such as Figure 1 The triboelectric nanogenerator shown includes a deformable support shell, a sponge filler, a flexible PDMS counter electrode, and an ECC concrete electrode arranged from top to bottom; the speed bump is a long strip with alternating black and yellow colors, and the surface is provided with dotted anti-slip protrusions.

[0032] The ECC concrete electrode is prepared from the aforementioned carbon black-doped ECC concrete.

[0033] Preferably, the method for fabricating the flexible PDMS counter electrode includes the following steps: The flexible PDMS counter electrode is obtained by mixing PDMS A and B components at a mass ratio of 10:1 and then molding them in a mold.

[0034] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned triboelectric nanogenerator in traffic monitoring and traffic light power supply.

[0035] The circuit structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator when applied in traffic monitoring and traffic light power supply is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the triboelectric nanogenerator are directly connected to the energy storage concrete via wires, and are also connected to traffic lights and monitoring equipment.

[0036] The working principle of the triboelectric nanogenerator is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, when a vehicle drives over a speed bump, the deformable shell is compressed and deformed, causing the two electrodes to come into contact and separate, thereby generating a potential difference.

[0037] Example 1 (1) Preparation of ECC concrete based on carbon black doping: Weigh the raw materials according to the proportions shown in Table 1. Table 1 Raw Material Proportioning Table

[0038] Add carbon black (to cement by mass ratio of 0.02:1) to water, and simultaneously add dispersant (PC-100, absolute dosage per 1m³). 3 The concrete concentration is calculated at 0.5 kg / m³. 3 Stir for 30 minutes to obtain a carbon black dispersion; Cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder were added to a 15-liter container at a mass ratio of 1:1.07:0.71:0.21:0.14 and dry-mixed at 60 rpm for 2 minutes. Then, carbon black dispersion and polycarboxylate superplasticizer (absolute dosage per 1 ml) were added. 3 Concrete is calculated at 20 kg / m³ 3 Begin slow mixing at 60 rpm for 4 minutes; then increase the mixing speed to 180 rpm and mix rapidly for 1 minute. Afterward, gradually add polyethylene (PE) fibers (absolute dosage based on concrete volume of 0.02 m³) while mixing. 3 / m 3 Continue stirring at 60 r / min for 4 minutes, then increase the speed to 180 r / min and stir rapidly for 1 minute to ensure uniform mixing and obtain ECC concrete based on carbon black doping.

[0039] (2) Fabrication of flexible PDMS counter electrode: The flexible PDMS counter electrode is obtained by mixing PDMS A and B components at a mass ratio of 10:1 and then molding them in a mold.

[0040] (3) Assembly of the triboelectric nanogenerator speed reduction belt structure: According to such Figure 1 Assemble the structure shown to obtain the following: Figure 4 The triboelectric nanogenerator shown.

[0041] The performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator with the speed bump structure prepared in this embodiment was tested, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the output voltage curve and output current curve are respectively under the action of 1Hz frequency. It can be seen from the figure that the triboelectric nanogenerator with speed bump structure can stably output a voltage of 75V and a current of 10μA under the action of 1Hz frequency.

[0042] Example 2 (1) Preparation of ECC concrete based on carbon black doping: Weigh the raw materials according to the proportions shown in Table 1. Table 1 Raw Material Proportioning Table

[0043] Add carbon black (to cement by mass ratio of 0.02:1) to water, and simultaneously add dispersant (PC-100, absolute dosage per 1m³). 3 The concrete weight is 0.45 kg / m³. 3 Stir for 30 minutes to obtain a carbon black dispersion; Cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder were added to a 15-liter container in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.68:0.18:0.12 and dry-mixed at 60 rpm for 2 minutes. Then, carbon black dispersion and polycarboxylate superplasticizer (absolute dosage per 1 ml) were added. 3 The concrete weight is 18 kg / m³. 3 Begin slow mixing at 60 rpm for 4 minutes; then increase the mixing speed to 180 rpm and mix rapidly for 1 minute. Afterward, gradually add polyethylene (PE) fibers (absolute dosage based on concrete volume of 0.018 m³) while mixing. 3 / m 3 Continue stirring at 60 r / min for 4 minutes, then increase the speed to 180 r / min and stir rapidly for 1 minute to ensure uniform mixing and obtain ECC concrete based on carbon black doping.

[0044] (2) Fabrication of flexible PDMS counter electrode: The flexible PDMS counter electrode is obtained by mixing PDMS A and B components at a mass ratio of 10:1 and then molding them in a mold.

[0045] (3) Assembly of the triboelectric nanogenerator speed reduction belt structure: According to such Figure 1 The structures shown are assembled to obtain a triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0046] The performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator with the speed bump structure prepared in this embodiment was tested. The triboelectric nanogenerator with the speed bump structure can stably output a voltage of 62V and a current of 8.5μA at a frequency of 1Hz, with a compressive strength of 32MPa and a surface resistivity of 1.2×10⁻⁶. 5 Ω / sq.

[0047] Example 3 (1) Preparation of ECC concrete based on carbon black doping: Weigh the raw materials according to the proportions shown in Table 1. Table 1 Raw Material Proportioning Table

[0048] Add carbon black (to cement by mass ratio of 0.02:1) to water, and simultaneously add dispersant (PC-100, absolute dosage per 1m³). 3 The concrete weight is 0.55 kg / m³. 3 Stir for 30 minutes to obtain a carbon black dispersion; Cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder were added to a 15-liter container in a mass ratio of 1:1.15:0.76:0.24:0.16 and dry-mixed at 60 rpm for 2 minutes. Then, carbon black dispersion and polycarboxylate superplasticizer (absolute dosage per 1 ml) were added. 3 The concrete weight is 22 kg / m³. 3 Begin slow mixing at 60 rpm for 4 minutes; then increase the mixing speed to 180 rpm and mix rapidly for 1 minute. Afterward, gradually add polyethylene (PE) fibers (absolute dosage based on concrete volume of 0.025 m³) while mixing. 3 / m 3 Continue stirring at 60 r / min for 4 minutes, then increase the speed to 180 r / min and stir rapidly for 1 minute to ensure uniform mixing and obtain ECC concrete based on carbon black doping.

[0049] (2) Fabrication of flexible PDMS counter electrode: The flexible PDMS counter electrode is obtained by mixing PDMS A and B components at a mass ratio of 10:1 and then molding them in a mold.

[0050] (3) Assembly of the triboelectric nanogenerator speed reduction belt structure: According to such Figure 1 The structures shown are assembled to obtain a triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0051] The performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator with the speed bump structure prepared in this embodiment was tested. The triboelectric nanogenerator with the speed bump structure can stably output a voltage of 70V and a current of 9.8μA at a frequency of 1Hz, with a compressive strength of 38MPa and a surface resistivity of 8.6×10⁻⁶. 4 Ω / sq.

[0052] Comparative Example 1 ECC concrete with carbon black content of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% was prepared respectively, and the preparation method and parameters were the same as in Example 1.

[0053] The conductivity and resistivity of ECC concrete with different carbon black contents were tested respectively, and the test results are as follows: Figure 7 Figure 8 As shown, when the carbon black content reaches 2%, the conductivity of concrete increases significantly. As the carbon black content gradually increases, the impedance of concrete also decreases, proving that the electrical properties of concrete are greatly improved after adding carbon black.

[0054] Figure 9This diagram shows the application system of a triboelectric nanogenerator with a speed bump structure. The speed bump is connected to an external energy storage concrete and a traffic signal system. The energy storage concrete enables a continuous and stable power supply during peak and off-peak traffic periods.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Dry mix cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder to obtain dry material; Carbon black and a dispersant are dispersed in water to obtain a carbon black dispersion. 2) Carbon black-doped concrete is obtained by mixing dry materials, carbon black dispersion, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and polyethylene fiber.

2. The method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of cement, slag, quartz sand, silica fume, and limestone powder in step 1) is 1:1.00~1.15:0.68~0.76:0.18~0.24:0.12~0.

16.

3. The method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of carbon black to water in step 1) is 0.02:0.82~0.88; The amount of the dispersant added is 0.4~0.6 kg / m³ based on ECC concrete with carbon black doping. 3 .

4. The method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the dry material to the carbon black dispersion in step 2) is 3.3~4:1; The amount of polyethylene fiber added is 1.5-3% of the total dry weight; The amount of water-reducing agent added is 15~23 kg / m³ based on ECC concrete with carbon black doping. 3 .

5. ECC concrete prepared by the method for preparing ECC concrete based on carbon black doping according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, It includes, from top to bottom, a deformable support shell, a sponge filler, a flexible PDMS counter electrode, and an ECC concrete electrode; The ECC concrete electrode is prepared from the carbon black-doped ECC concrete as described in claim 5.

7. A triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for preparing the flexible PDMS counter electrode includes the following steps: The flexible PDMS counter electrode is obtained by mixing PDMS A and B components at a mass ratio of 10:1 and then molding them in a mold.

8. The application of the triboelectric nanogenerator according to any one of claims 6 or 7 in traffic monitoring and traffic light power supply.

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