Intelligent design method for blasting parameters of rock mass containing dissolving cavity, medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a blasting parameter intelligent design method, medium and equipment for a rock mass containing a karst cavity, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a three-dimensional geological model according to a geological exploration result, marking the position, size and contour of the karst cavity, carrying out the self-adaptive blast hole arrangement design according to a delimited blasting region, carrying out the automatic recognition of each blast hole, and carrying out the automatic design of the blasting parameters of the rock mass containing the karst cavity. Blast holes intersecting with the karst cave are extracted, the intersecting length L1 of the blast holes and the karst cave and the length L2 of the blast holes located above the karst cave are automatically calculated, finally, blasting intelligent design optimization is conducted according to the recognition result, and when L1 < gt >, L1 < gt >; when L2 is larger than 40 times of the diameter and 0.5-1 m and L2 is larger than 40 times of the diameter, the blast holes above the karst cave are reserved, the whole row of blast holes with the overlarge chassis resistance line in the rear row are deleted, otherwise, the original blast holes are reserved, and a cloth bag is adopted for charging and blocking. And finally setting a detonating network to ensure that the direction of the detonating network is consistent with that of the resistance line. According to the method, intelligent design of the blasting parameters of the rock mass containing the dissolving cavity is achieved, the blasting design efficiency can be effectively improved, and the intelligent blasting requirement is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of blasting, in particular to an intelligent design method of blasting parameters for rock mass containing solution cavities, a medium and equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In karst areas, blasting often encounters solution cavities of different sizes, and more seriously, even forms connected underground rivers. Such special geological conditions have a great influence on blasting throw direction, throw volume, and blasting safety.

[0003] Currently, the blasting treatment methods under the condition of solution cavities mainly include avoiding the layout of blast holes in the solution cavity area, moving the existing blast holes to reduce the influence of solution cavities, changing the charge structure and charge position to weaken the influence of solution cavities, and sealing the solution cavities before blasting. Many existing researches are also based on these methods. However, in actual engineering application, the choice and specific implementation of the method depend on the on-site experience of the construction personnel, and different construction personnel have different treatment methods, resulting in large differences in blasting effect. Moreover, the adjustment of some blast holes will lead to changes in the overall layout scheme, affecting the construction efficiency. With the in-depth development of intelligent blasting technology in engineering, using computer technology to solve the problem of blasting design under the condition of containing solution cavities has important engineering significance to solve the situation of uncontrollable blasting effect and low construction efficiency caused by relying on manual experience.

[0004] The blasting problem of rock mass containing solution cavities has always been the focus of engineering, and many engineering practices and researchers have made innovative work on this problem. For example, the utility model patent with the patent number "CN202120120812.5" "Blasting hole charge structure in solution cavity area" proposes a charge structure to reduce the influence of solution cavities. It designs a special charge structure, which separates the cavity section from the charge section by a partition plate, thereby reducing the adverse effects of solution cavities on blasting effect and improving blasting quality. However, the device structure is relatively complex and difficult to operate on site, and the device needs external fixing structure. Since the surface of the blast hole is not flat in actual engineering, the device is prone to be blocked during placement into the blast hole, affecting the charge. At the same time, this method mainly adjusts the charge structure and does not adjust the overall blasting design (blast hole layout and initiation network). For example, the patent number "CN202410042054.8" "Dynamic adjustment construction method of karst tunnel drill and blast parameters" proposes a blasting parameter adjustment method for karst tunnels. This method calibrates the solution cavity position and the solution cavity influence range through advanced drilling information, and optimizes and adjusts the charge amount of the blast holes in the influence area. However, this method is mainly for tunnel blasting, and only considers the energy concentration effect caused by the cavity, without considering the influence of the standoff distance of the blast hole from the solution cavity on the blasting effect. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims at the problems existing in the prior art, and provides a method, medium and device for intelligently designing blasting parameters of a rock mass containing a solution cavity.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the application adopts the technical scheme of: The application provides a method for intelligently designing blasting parameters of a rock mass containing a solution cavity, which comprises the following steps: A three-dimensional geological model is constructed according to geological exploration, and a blasting area is demarcated; The solution cavity in the blasting area is identified, and the shape, size and spatial position parameters of the solution cavity are obtained; According to the demarcated blasting area, the self-adaptive arrangement of blast holes is performed; According to the distribution of the solution cavity and the self-adaptive arrangement result of the blast holes, the positional relationship between each blast hole and the solution cavity is determined, and the blast hole intersecting with the solution cavity is identified; The length of all the identified blast holes above the solution cavity and the length intersecting with the solution cavity are calculated; For the blast hole with an excessively large length intersecting with the solution cavity, if the length of the blast hole above the solution cavity is sufficient, only the blast hole above the solution cavity is retained, otherwise the blast hole is deleted; For the blast hole with a small length intersecting with the solution cavity, the blast hole is retained and is charged with a cloth bag; In the blast hole arrangement scheme, whether the resistance line of the bottom plate of each row of blast holes meets the requirements is checked, and the blast hole arrangement scheme is optimized; The remaining blast holes are designed in terms of charging structure; The optimized blast hole arrangement scheme is set with a detonation network, and the direction of the resistance line of the bottom plate is checked.

[0007] The method for intelligently designing blasting parameters of a rock mass containing a solution cavity identifies the spatial relationship between the blast hole and the solution cavity, intelligently optimizes and adjusts the blasting parameters such as the charging structure and the interval and row distance of the blast hole influenced by the solution cavity, thereby solving the influence of the solution cavity on the blasting effect, greatly improving the blasting effect and production efficiency, and further promoting the development and application of intelligent blasting technology in engineering. The method for intelligently designing blasting parameters is different from the prior art which only demarcates the range influenced by the solution cavity and only considers the energy concentration effect caused by the cavity, but also fully considers the influence of the resistance line of the blast hole from the solution cavity on the blasting effect, specially processes the blast hole intersecting with the solution cavity, optimizes the arrangement of the blast hole around the solution cavity, and designs a blasting network with higher safety and effectiveness.

[0008] Specifically, when the self-adaptive arrangement of the blast hole is performed, the blasting design is performed without considering the influence of the solution cavity.

[0009] Specifically, when the length of the blast hole intersecting with the solution cavity is greater than 0.5-1 m, it is determined that the length of the intersection is excessively large.

[0010] Specifically, when the length of the borehole above the cave is greater than 40 times the diameter of the borehole, it is determined that the length is sufficient.

[0011] Specifically, the method of charging with the cloth bag is only adopted for the borehole intersecting with the cave and having a small intersection length.

[0012] Specifically, the method of charging with the cloth bag is: putting the cloth bag into the borehole, and sequentially putting the explosive and the stemming into the cloth bag.

[0013] Specifically, when the bottom plate resistance line of the rear row of boreholes is greater than 45 times the diameter of the borehole due to the deletion of the borehole, the rear row of boreholes is deleted.

[0014] Specifically, when the remaining boreholes are designed for the charging structure, the unit consumption and the charging amount of the borehole are re-determined according to the lithology and the number of free faces; and when the initiation network is designed, the initiation direction is ensured to be consistent with the direction of the bottom plate resistance line.

[0015] A medium is a computer readable storage medium, which comprises a stored program, and the program, when executed by a processor, implements the intelligent design method of the blasting parameters of the rock mass containing the solution cavity.

[0016] An apparatus is an electronic apparatus, which comprises at least one processor and at least one memory connected with the processor; wherein the processor is used to call the program instruction in the memory, and execute the intelligent design method of the blasting parameters of the rock mass containing the solution cavity.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: 1, the blasting parameter intelligent design method of the rock mass containing solution cavity can intelligently optimize and adjust the blasting parameters such as the charge structure of the blast hole and the interval row distance of the blast hole by identifying the spatial relationship between the blast hole and the solution cavity, thereby solving the influence of the solution cavity on the blasting effect, greatly improving the blasting effect and production efficiency, and further promoting the development and application of intelligent blasting technology in engineering; 2, the blasting parameter intelligent design method of the rock mass containing solution cavity can design the setting position of the blast hole and the blasting parameter according to the set logic, which can avoid the unstable blasting effect and low construction efficiency caused by the blasting parameter design of the rock mass containing solution cavity relying on artificial experience; 3, the blasting parameter intelligent design method of the rock mass containing solution cavity can adaptively adjust the charge structure of the blast hole, comprehensively check the adjusted method, and synchronously adjust the remaining blast hole parameters affected, which can effectively improve the construction efficiency and ensure the blasting effect; 4, the blasting parameter intelligent design method not only calibrates the range of the solution cavity, but also fully considers the influence of the standoff distance of the blast hole from the solution cavity on the blasting effect, specially processes the blast hole intersecting with the solution cavity, optimizes the blast hole arrangement around the solution cavity, and designs a blasting network with higher safety and effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the blasting parameter intelligent design method of the present application for identifying the intersection of the blast hole and the solution cavity; Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the blasting parameter intelligent design method of the present application for radial charging of the part of the blast hole reserved on the blast hole; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the blasting parameter intelligent design method of the present application for blast hole arrangement optimization; In the figure: 1, body to be excavated; 2, solution cavity; 3, blast hole; 4, explosive; 5, plug; 6, cloth bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "intermediate", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0021] Embodiment 1

[0022] The embodiment provides an intelligent design method of a blasting parameter of a rock mass containing a solution cavity, and the design method comprises the following steps: Step 1: constructing a three-dimensional geological model according to geological exploration, and demarcating a blasting area; Step 2: identifying a solution cavity in the blasting area, and obtaining shape, size and spatial position parameters of the solution cavity; Step 3: performing adaptive arrangement of a blast hole according to the demarcated blasting area; Step 4: determining a position relationship between each blast hole and the solution cavity according to the solution cavity distribution and the adaptive arrangement result of the blast hole, and identifying the blast hole intersecting with the solution cavity; Step 5: calculating lengths of all identified blast holes above the solution cavity and lengths of the blast holes intersecting with the solution cavity; Step 6: for the blast hole with a too large length intersecting with the solution cavity, if the length of the blast hole above the solution cavity is sufficient, only the blast hole above the solution cavity is reserved, otherwise the blast hole is deleted; Step 7: for the blast hole with a small length intersecting with the solution cavity, the blast hole is reserved and is charged by using a cloth bag; Step 8: checking whether a bottom plate resistance line of each row of blast holes in the blast hole arrangement scheme meets a requirement, and optimizing the blast hole arrangement scheme; Step 9: designing a charging structure for the remaining blast holes; Step 10: setting a detonation network for the optimized blast hole arrangement scheme, and checking a direction of the bottom plate resistance line.

[0023] The intelligent design method of the blasting parameter of the rock mass containing the solution cavity can intelligently optimize and adjust the charging structure of the blast hole, the row spacing and other blasting parameters of the blast hole affecting the solution cavity by identifying the spatial relationship between the blast hole and the solution cavity, thereby solving the influence of the solution cavity on the blasting effect, greatly improving the blasting effect and production efficiency, and further promoting the development and application of intelligent blasting technology in engineering.

[0024] The intelligent design method of the blasting parameter of the rock mass containing the solution cavity can design the setting position of the blast hole and the blasting parameter according to a set logic, and can avoid the unstable blasting effect and low construction efficiency caused by the design of the blasting parameter of the rock mass containing the solution cavity relying on artificial experience.

[0025] The intelligent design method of the blasting parameter of the rock mass containing the solution cavity can adaptively adjust the charging structure of the blast hole according to the spatial position relationship between the blast hole and the solution cavity, comprehensively checks the adjusted method, synchronously adjusts the parameters of the remaining blast holes affected, can effectively improve the construction efficiency, and can ensure the blasting effect, and actively responds to the development demand of intelligent blasting.

[0026] The intelligent blasting parameter design method is different from the prior art which only calibrates the range of influence of the karst cave, only considers the energy concentration effect caused by the cavity such as the karst cave, and further considers the influence of the standoff distance of the blast hole from the karst cave on the blasting effect, specially processes the blast hole intersecting with the karst cave, optimizes the blast hole arrangement around the karst cave, and designs a blasting network with higher safety and effectiveness.

[0027] Specifically, in the step 3, the self-adaptive arrangement of the blast hole is performed without considering the influence of the karst cave.

[0028] Specifically, in the step 5, when the intersection length of the blast hole with the karst cave is greater than 0.5-1 m, it is determined that the intersection length is too large.

[0029] Specifically, in the step 6, when the length of the blast hole above the karst cave is greater than 40 times the diameter of the blast hole, it is determined that the length is sufficient.

[0030] Specifically, in the step 7, the method of charging with the cloth bag is only adopted for the blast hole intersecting with the karst cave and having a small intersection length.

[0031] More specifically, the method of charging with the cloth bag is that the cloth bag is placed in the blast hole, and the explosive and the stemming are sequentially placed in the cloth bag.

[0032] Specifically, in the step 8 of the blast hole arrangement scheme optimization and checking, when the bottom plate standoff of the rear row of blast holes is greater than 45 times the diameter of the blast hole due to the deletion of the blast hole, the rear row of blast holes is deleted.

[0033] Specifically, in the step 9 of the charging structure design of the remaining blast holes, the specific energy consumption and the charge amount of the blast hole are re-determined according to the lithology and the number of free faces for the adjusted blast hole (the blast hole retaining part of the top of the karst cave); in the step 10 of the initiation network design, the initiation direction is ensured to be consistent with the direction of the bottom plate standoff.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] This example further illustrates the intelligent blasting parameter design method in example 1 by taking a project as an example.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , it is the position relationship between the blast hole and the karst cave after the preliminary design of a project, and the intelligent blasting parameter design of the karst cave-containing rock mass is performed by using the method of the present application, and the specific steps are as follows: (1) According to the karst cave identification result and the position information of the blast hole in the preliminary design scheme of the blast hole arrangement, it is determined that the blast hole 3 intersects with the karst cave 2.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 When the blast holes 3 are arranged in the body to be excavated 1, some of the blast holes intersect with the cave 2 due to the existence of the cave 2 in the body to be excavated 1, and these intersecting blast holes are identified.

[0038] (2) The length L1 of the blast hole 3 intersecting with the cave and the length L2 of the blast hole above the cave are calculated respectively. Since L1>1m and L2>40D, it can be determined that the intersecting length of the blast hole intersecting with the cave 2 is too large, and the length of the blast hole above the cave is long enough.

[0039] (3) Based on the above results, the blast holes above the cave are retained, and the charging structure of these retained blast holes is optimized, and the results are shown in Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the blast holes retained above the cave are filled with explosives 4 in bags 6, and the plugs 5 are arranged at the upper hole.

[0040] (4) When further checking the blast hole arrangement diagram, it is found that the resistance line of the last row of blast holes in the original design is too large, because the blast holes intersecting with the cave are only retained above the cave, and thus the last row of blast holes is deleted, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0041] (5) The unit consumption of the optimized blast holes is determined according to the lithology and the number of free faces, and the charging amount is determined according to the excavation volume.

[0042] (6) The initiation network is designed to ensure that the initiation direction is consistent with the resistance line direction.

[0043] Through the design of the above method, the influence of the cave on the blasting effect can be solved, the blasting effect and the production efficiency are greatly improved, and the influence of the cave in the excavation body on the blasting is reduced.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] The embodiment provides a medium, which is a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium comprises a stored program, and the program, when executed by a processor, implements the intelligent design method for the blasting parameters of the rock mass containing a solution cavity as described in the embodiment 1.

[0046] Further provided is an electronic device, which comprises at least one processor and at least one memory connected with the processor; wherein the processor is used to call the program instructions in the memory, and execute the intelligent design method for the blasting parameters of the rock mass containing a solution cavity as described in the embodiment 1. The steps of execution are as follows: S1: constructing a three-dimensional geological model according to geological exploration, and demarcating a blasting area; S2: identify the cave in the blasting area, and obtain the shape, size and spatial position parameters of the cave; S3: according to the demarcated blasting area, perform adaptive arrangement of the blast hole without considering the influence of the cave; S4: according to the cave distribution and the adaptive arrangement result of the blast hole, determine the positional relationship between each blast hole and the cave, and identify the blast hole intersecting with the cave; S5: calculate the length of all identified blast holes above the cave and the length intersecting with the cave, when the length of the blast hole intersecting with the cave is greater than 0.5-1m, it is determined that the intersecting length is too large; when the length of the blast hole above the cave is greater than 40 times the diameter of the blast hole, it is determined that the length is sufficient; S6: for the blast hole with too large intersecting length with the cave, if the length of the blast hole above the cave is sufficient, only the blast hole above the cave is retained, otherwise the blast hole is deleted; S7: for the blast hole with small intersecting length with the cave, it is retained and a cloth bag is used for charging; S8: check whether the resistance line of the bottom plate of each row of blast holes meets the requirements in the blast hole arrangement scheme, and optimize the blast hole arrangement scheme; S9: perform design of the charging structure of the remaining blast holes, and re-determine the unit consumption and charging amount of the blast hole according to the lithology and the number of free faces; S10: set the initiation network for the optimized blast hole arrangement scheme, and check the direction of the resistance line of the bottom plate.

[0047] Through the above execution steps, the blast hole charging structure, interval, row spacing and other blasting parameters influenced by the cave can be intelligently optimized and adjusted by the computer, avoiding manual site judgment and reducing the dependence on personal experience, and the influence of the cave on the blasting effect can also be solved, which greatly improves the blasting effect and production efficiency, and is conducive to the development and application of intelligent blasting technology in engineering.

[0048] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent design of blasting parameters for rock masses containing solution cavities, characterized in that, The design method includes the following steps: A three-dimensional geological model was constructed based on geological exploration, and the blasting area was delineated; The karst caves within the blasting area are marked, and the shape, size, and spatial location parameters of the karst caves are obtained; Based on the designated blasting area, the boreholes are arranged adaptively. Based on the distribution of the karst caves and the adaptive arrangement of the blast holes, the positional relationship between each blast hole and the karst cave is determined, and the blast holes that intersect with the karst caves are marked. Calculate the length of all marked boreholes above the cave and the length of their intersection with the cave; For blast holes that intersect the cave with an excessive length, if the length of the blast hole above the cave is sufficient, only the blast hole above the cave should be retained; otherwise, the blast hole should be deleted. For blast holes with a short intersection length with the karst cave, they should be preserved and loaded with explosives using cloth bags; In the borehole layout scheme, check whether the resistance line of the chassis of each row of boreholes meets the requirements, and optimize the borehole layout scheme. Design the charging structure for the remaining boreholes; The detonation network was set up for the optimized borehole layout scheme, and the direction of the chassis resistance line was checked.

2. The intelligent design method for blasting parameters of rock masses containing cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, When performing the adaptive arrangement of the blast holes, the blasting design is carried out without considering the influence of karst caves.

3. The intelligent design method for blasting parameters of rock masses containing cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the intersection length between the blast hole and the karst cave is greater than 0.5~1m, it is determined that the intersection length is too large.

4. The intelligent design method for blasting parameters of rock masses containing karst cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the length of the blast hole above the cave is greater than 40 times the diameter of the blast hole, it is determined to be of sufficient length.

5. The intelligent design method for blasting parameters of rock masses containing karst cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using the cloth bag to load explosives is only applicable to blast holes that intersect with the karst cave and have a short intersection length.

6. The intelligent design method for blasting parameters of rock masses containing karst cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of loading explosives using cloth bags is as follows: place a cloth bag inside the blast hole, and then put explosives and blasting mud into the cloth bag in sequence.

7. The intelligent design method for blasting parameters of rock masses containing karst cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the removal of blast holes results in the resistance line of the rear blast hole chassis being greater than 45 times the blast hole diameter, the rear blast holes shall be removed.

8. The intelligent design method for blasting parameters of rock masses containing karst cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, When designing the charging structure for the remaining boreholes, the unit consumption and charge amount of the boreholes should be re-determined based on the lithology and the number of free faces; when designing the detonation network, ensure that the detonation direction is consistent with the direction of the chassis resistance line.

9. A medium, a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program that, when executed by a processor, implements the intelligent design method for blasting parameters of cavitation-containing rock masses as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A device, an electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes at least one processor and at least one memory connected to the processor; wherein the processor is used to call program instructions in the memory to execute the intelligent design method for blasting parameters of cavitation-containing rock masses as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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