Automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using static force level gauge

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, and discloses an automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using a static force level gauge, and the method comprises the following steps: laying layered settlement marks at collapse hidden danger points, and combining an isolation pipe and a layered mark post to realize accurate anchoring of stratums with different depths; a hydrostatic level communicating vessel structure is constructed by using a liquid passing pipe, and real-time acquisition, transmission and processing of liquid level height difference data are realized by matching with a data acquisition instrument and a monitoring and early warning cloud platform; the problems that a traditional monitoring method cannot achieve layered monitoring, the automation degree is low, and the data reliability is poor are solved, the vertical displacement of stratums of different depths can be accurately obtained, early warning can be triggered in time, and efficient technical support is provided for stratum collapse prevention and control.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, in particular to an automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using a hydrostatic level. BACKGROUND

[0002] Stratum collapse is a common geological disaster, mainly including karst cave collapse, pipeline collapse, deep soil / rock stratum collapse, etc., which will cause serious threat to surrounding buildings, roads, underground pipelines and personnel safety.

[0003] The traditional stratum collapse monitoring method mainly uses surface subsidence observation (such as GNSS, leveling), which can only obtain ground surface displacement data and cannot reflect the subsidence difference of strata at different depths, resulting in insufficient monitoring accuracy and delayed hidden danger identification. At the same time, the traditional method relies on manual field data collection, has low automation degree, long data transmission and processing period, and cannot meet the real-time early warning demand. Moreover, the monitoring equipment is easily affected by stratum disturbance and environmental vibration, and has poor data reliability, which cannot provide timely and accurate decision basis for collapse prevention and control. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using a hydrostatic level, which aims to solve the problem that the prior art cannot reflect the subsidence difference of strata at different depths.

[0005] The present application is realized by an automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using a hydrostatic level, comprising the following steps: S1: selecting at least two monitoring points as layered subsidence marks in the stratum collapse hidden danger point area, drilling monitoring holes with different depths at each layered subsidence mark according to the stratum structure characteristics of the stratum collapse hidden danger point, installing isolation pipes in each monitoring hole, installing layered marks in the isolation pipes, fixing the bottom of the layered mark to the target monitoring stratum at the corresponding depth, and installing a hydrostatic level at the top of the layered mark; S2: connecting all the hydrostatic levels in series through a liquid passage to form a communicating vessel structure of the liquid in each hydrostatic level; S3: arranging a data acquisition instrument and a power supply device in a stable area away from the stratum collapse hidden danger point, electrically connecting each hydrostatic level with the data acquisition instrument through a wire, and electrically connecting the power supply device with the data acquisition instrument and the hydrostatic level to provide electric energy; S4: Collect the ground elevation of the area where each static water level gauge is located as the datum point data, and transmit the datum point data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform; the data acquisition instrument is connected with the remote monitoring and early warning cloud platform, the data acquisition instrument collects the liquid level difference data monitored by each static water level gauge in real time, and transmits the liquid level difference data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform; S5: The monitoring and early warning cloud platform processes the liquid level difference data and the datum point data according to the preset geological parameters and the calibration algorithm, calculates the vertical displacement of each stratified settlement marker corresponding to the depth target monitoring stratum, and compares the vertical displacement with the preset warning threshold, if the warning threshold is reached, the alarm is triggered.

[0006] Further, the static water level gauge comprises a liquid storage tank for storing liquid, a liquid level sensor is installed in the liquid storage tank for monitoring the liquid level, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument through wires; the liquid storage tanks of a plurality of static water level gauges are connected in series through liquid communication pipes, and the liquid storage tanks are clamped on the top of the stratified marker by the mounting plate; a horizontal calibration instrument is arranged on the mounting plate, and the horizontal calibration instrument is used for calibrating the installation levelness of the static water level gauge.

[0007] Further, the isolation pipe has an internal cavity penetrating from top to bottom, the stratified marker is vertically arranged in the internal cavity, the stratified marker is coaxially arranged with the isolation pipe, the outer side of the stratified marker is arranged in a spaced manner with the inner side of the isolation pipe, and a plurality of protrusions are protruded downward from the bottom of the stratified marker.

[0008] Further, the diameter of the stratified marker gradually decreases from the middle part to the upper part of the stratified marker, and the top of the stratified marker is exposed outside the top of the isolation pipe.

[0009] Further, the isolation pipe is coaxially arranged with the monitoring hole, the top of the isolation pipe is exposed on the ground, and a protective cover is installed on the top of the isolation pipe, the protective cover is detachably connected with the isolation pipe, and a through hole is formed in the middle part of the protective cover for the top of the stratified marker to penetrate.

[0010] Further, a plurality of displacement markers are arranged on the top of the stratified marker in a spaced manner along the length direction of the stratified marker, a reading window is arranged on the inner wall of the isolation pipe corresponding to the displacement markers, and a transparent wear-resistant glass is installed at the reading window.

[0011] Further, a reinforcing sleeve is arranged on the hole wall of the monitoring hole, the outer side wall of the reinforcing sleeve is attached to the hole wall of the monitoring hole, a buffer cavity is formed between the inner side wall of the reinforcing sleeve and the outer side wall of the isolation pipe, and an elastic buffer layer is filled in the buffer cavity.

[0012] Further, the top of the reinforced sleeve is provided with a fixing structure for fixing the reinforced sleeve to the ground, the fixing structure comprises a reinforcing rib, one end of the reinforcing rib is fixedly connected with the reinforced sleeve, and the other end of the reinforcing rib is fixed with the ground through concrete pouring to form a fixed platform; the outer edge of the top of the reinforced sleeve is outwardly convexly provided with an annular limiting plate, and the bottom of the annular limiting plate is embedded on the top of the fixed platform. The inner edge and the bottom inner edge of the top of the reinforced sleeve are provided with annular cover plates for covering the upper and lower openings of the buffer cavity, the inner circle diameter of the annular cover plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the isolation pipe, and the annular cover plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the reinforced sleeve.

[0013] Further, the inner side wall of the reinforced sleeve is outwardly convexly provided with a plurality of guide strips extending along the axial direction thereof, the outer side wall of the isolation pipe is provided with a plurality of corresponding guide grooves corresponding to the guide strips, and the guide strips are slidingly embedded in the guide grooves. The elastic buffer layer is an annular rubber pad, the annular rubber pad is sleeved on the outer side of the isolation pipe, the inner circle of the annular rubber pad is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the isolation pipe, the outer circle of the annular rubber pad is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the reinforced sleeve, and a plurality of annular rubber pads are arranged along the axial direction of the reinforced sleeve; the inner circle and the outer circle of the annular rubber pad are provided with annular grooves, and metal reinforcing rings are embedded in the annular grooves.

[0014] Further, the inner side wall of the isolation pipe is provided with a plurality of guide rings arranged along the axial direction at intervals, the inner circle of the guide ring is in gap cooperation with the outer side wall of the layered marker, and the inner circle of the guide ring is embedded with anti-friction balls, and the anti-friction balls are in rolling contact with the outer side wall of the layered marker.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using a static water level gauge provided by the present application anchors the target stratum by cooperating with layered marker anchors of monitoring holes at different depths, breaks through the limitation of traditional surface monitoring, can accurately obtain vertical displacement data of strata at different depths, clearly determines the depth distribution characteristics of collapse hazards, and avoids missing the deformation risk of deep strata due to only monitoring the surface layer; solves the problem that the settlement difference of strata at different depths cannot be reflected; a communicating vessel is constructed through a liquid passage to ensure the correlation of liquid level data, a data acquisition instrument collects data in real time and transmits the data to a cloud platform, the cloud platform automatically processes data and compares with the warning threshold, the whole process does not require manual intervention, greatly improves the monitoring efficiency, realizes timely alarm of collapse risk, and saves time for emergency disposal; taking the ground elevation as the reference point data, processing the liquid level difference data by combining the calibration algorithm, eliminating the error caused by the reference difference of different monitoring points, improving the accuracy of vertical displacement calculation, ensuring the reliability of the monitoring result, and ensuring the unity of the data reference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1It is the working process schematic diagram of the automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using hydrostatic level provided by the application; Figure 2 It is the working principle schematic diagram of the automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using hydrostatic level provided by the application; Figure 3 It is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the monitoring hole, the isolation pipe and the layered marker post provided by the application; Figure 4 It is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the monitoring hole, the isolation pipe and the layered marker post provided by the application; Figure 3 It is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the monitoring hole, the isolation pipe and the layered marker post provided by the application.

[0017] In the figure: monitoring hole 10, isolation pipe 20, layered marker post 30, hydrostatic level 40, liquid passage pipe 50, reinforcing casing pipe 60, data acquisition instrument 70, power supply equipment 80, internal cavity 21, protective cover 22, guide groove 23, guide ring 24, antifriction ball 25, protruding spine 31, liquid storage tank 41, mounting plate 42, buffer cavity 61, annular rubber pad 62, fixed structure 63, annular limiting plate 64, annular sealing cover plate 65, guide strip 66, metal reinforcing ring 621, reinforcing rib 631, fixed platform 632. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0019] The implementation of the present application is described in detail below in combination with specific examples.

[0020] In the drawings of the present embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for exemplary illustration and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application, for those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] Referring to Figures 1-4 The preferred embodiment provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0022] The automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using hydrostatic level 40 comprises the following steps: S1: Select at least two monitoring points as stratified settlement marks in the area of stratum collapse hidden danger points, according to the stratum structure characteristics of stratum collapse hidden danger points, drill monitoring holes 10 of different depths at each stratified settlement mark, install isolation pipes 20 in each monitoring hole 10, install stratified marks 30 in the isolation pipes 20, the bottom of the stratified marks 30 is fixed in the target monitoring stratum of the corresponding depth, and the top of the stratified marks 30 is installed with a static level 40; S2: Connect all static levels 40 in series through liquid pipes 50, so that the liquid in each static level 40 forms a communicating vessel structure; S3: Arrange data acquisition instrument 70 and power supply equipment 80 in the stable area away from the stratum collapse hidden danger point, respectively electrically connect each static level 40 with the data acquisition instrument 70, and respectively electrically connect the power supply equipment 80 with the data acquisition instrument 70 and the static level 40 to provide electric energy; S4: Collect the ground elevation of the area where each static level 40 is located as the datum point data, and transmit the datum point data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform; establish a communication connection between the data acquisition instrument 70 and the remote monitoring and early warning cloud platform, the data acquisition instrument 70 acquires the liquid level difference data monitored by each static level 40 in real time, and transmits the liquid level difference data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform; S5: The monitoring and early warning cloud platform processes the liquid level difference data and the datum point data according to the preset geological parameters and the calibration algorithm, calculates the vertical displacement of the target monitoring stratum of each stratified settlement mark corresponding to the depth, and compares the vertical displacement with the preset warning threshold value, if the warning threshold value is reached, the alarm is triggered.

[0023] The above-mentioned automatic monitoring method for monitoring stratum collapse by using static level 40, through the monitoring holes 10 of different depths cooperating with the stratified marks 30 anchoring the target stratum, breaks through the limitation of traditional surface monitoring, can accurately obtain the vertical displacement data of different depth strata, and clearly determines the depth distribution characteristics of the collapse hidden danger, avoiding missing the deep stratum deformation risk due to only monitoring the surface layer; solves the problem that the settlement difference of different depth strata cannot be reflected; the communicating vessel is constructed by the liquid pipe 50 to ensure the correlation of the liquid level data, the data acquisition instrument 70 acquires data in real time and transmits it to the cloud platform, the cloud platform automatically processes the data and compares the warning threshold value, without manual intervention throughout the process, greatly improving the monitoring efficiency, realizing timely alarm of collapse risk, and gaining time for emergency disposal; taking the ground elevation as the datum point data, processing the liquid level difference data combined with the calibration algorithm, eliminating the error caused by the reference difference of different monitoring points, improving the accuracy of the calculation of the vertical displacement, ensuring the reliability of the monitoring result, and ensuring the unity of the data reference.

[0024] Each static level 40 measures using the elevation of the local ground as a reference point, allowing for direct monitoring of deep settlement in the area. The static level 40 transmits the settlement data of the stratified benchmark 30 to the data acquisition unit 70 via a liquid level sensor. The data acquisition unit 70, in conjunction with the monitoring and early warning cloud platform, can investigate historical settlement records to determine which area's static level 40 experienced settlement.

[0025] In this embodiment, the hydrostatic level 40 includes a liquid storage tank 41 for storing liquid. A liquid level sensor for monitoring the liquid level is installed in the liquid storage tank 41. The liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition instrument 70 via a wire. The liquid storage tanks 41 of multiple hydrostatic levels 40 are connected in series via liquid passage pipes 50. The liquid storage tanks 41 are snapped onto the top of the layered benchmark 30 via a mounting plate 42. A level calibrator is provided on the mounting plate 42. The level calibrator is used to calibrate the installation level of the hydrostatic level 40.

[0026] The liquid level sensor inside the storage tank 41 directly monitors the liquid level. Compared with traditional mechanical measurement methods, it has higher data resolution and smaller error, can capture minute changes in liquid level, and can identify minute displacements in the formation, thus improving monitoring sensitivity. The liquid storage tank 41 is snapped onto the top of the layered marker 30 via the mounting plate 42, making installation convenient and disassembly flexible, facilitating later maintenance; the level calibrator can calibrate the levelness of the hydrostatic level 40 in real time, avoiding distortion of liquid level data due to equipment tilt, and further ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data.

[0027] Multiple liquid storage tanks 41 are connected in series through liquid passage pipes 50 to form a stable communicating vessel structure, ensuring the correlation of liquid levels in each hydrostatic level 40 and providing a reliable basis for subsequent liquid level difference calculation.

[0028] In this embodiment, the isolation tube 20 has an internal cavity 21 that runs vertically through it. The layered marker 30 is vertically arranged in the internal cavity 21. The layered marker 30 is coaxially arranged with the isolation tube 20. The outer circumferential side of the layered marker 30 is spaced apart from the inner circumferential side of the isolation tube 20. The bottom of the layered marker 30 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 31 facing downward. The layered marker 30 is inserted into the bottom of the monitoring hole 10 through the plurality of protrusions 31.

[0029] The internal cavity 21 of the isolation tube 20 is arranged coaxially and spaced apart from the stratification marker 30, providing an independent vertical movement space for the stratification marker 30, avoiding friction or jamming between the stratification marker 30 and the inner wall of the isolation tube 20, and ensuring that the stratification marker 30 can settle or rise synchronously with the target stratum, truly reflecting the stratum displacement state; Multiple protrusions 31 at the bottom of the stratified marker 30 are inserted into the bottom of the monitoring hole 10, which can firmly anchor the stratum to be monitored, prevent the stratified marker 30 from detaching from the stratum, avoid monitoring data deviation caused by the marker loosening, and ensure that the data can be accurately correlated with the displacement of the target stratum.

[0030] In this embodiment, the diameter of the layered marker 30 gradually decreases along the direction from the middle to the top of the layered marker 30, and the top of the layered marker 30 is exposed outside the top of the isolation tube 20.

[0031] The diameter of the stratification marker 30 gradually decreases from the middle to the top, which can further reduce the contact area with the inner cavity 21 of the isolation tube 20 (if a slight displacement occurs), reduce frictional resistance, ensure the flexibility of the stratification marker 30 when it moves with the formation, and avoid displacement data lag or distortion caused by friction. The top of the layered marker 30 is exposed outside the isolation tube 20, allowing the static level 40 to be installed directly without the need to disassemble the isolation tube 20. This simplifies the installation process and facilitates the later inspection and replacement of the static level 40, improving equipment maintenance efficiency.

[0032] In this embodiment, the isolation tube 20 and the monitoring hole 10 are arranged coaxially. The top of the isolation tube 20 is exposed on the ground, and a protective cover 22 is installed on the top of the isolation tube 20. The protective cover 22 is detachably connected to the isolation tube 20. A through hole is opened in the middle of the protective cover 22 for the top of the layered marker 30 to pass through.

[0033] The protective cover 22 can effectively block rainwater, dust and debris from entering the interior of the isolation tube 20, preventing corrosion or blockage of the inner wall of the layered marker 30 and the isolation tube 20, extending the service life of the equipment and reducing monitoring failures caused by environmental factors. The through hole in the middle of the protective cover 22 allows the top of the stratification marker 30 to pass through, which does not affect the displacement of the stratification marker 30 with the stratum, and can also achieve the protective function, so that "protection" and "monitoring" do not interfere with each other; in addition, the protective cover 22 can also guide the settlement of the top of the stratification marker 30 and prevent its upper part from tilting.

[0034] In this embodiment, multiple displacement marks are spaced along the length of the top of the layered marker 30, and reading windows are provided on the inner wall of the isolation tube 20 corresponding to the displacement marks. Transparent wear-resistant glass is installed at the reading windows. In this way, the position of the displacement marks can be manually read and compared with the automatically collected liquid level difference data to verify the accuracy of the automated data, avoid erroneous data caused by equipment failure, and improve the reliability of the monitoring system.

[0035] In this embodiment, a reinforcing sleeve 60 is provided on the wall of the monitoring hole 10. The outer wall of the reinforcing sleeve 60 is in contact with the wall of the monitoring hole 10. A buffer cavity 61 is formed between the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve 60 and the outer wall of the isolation tube 20. The buffer cavity 61 is filled with an elastic buffer layer.

[0036] The reinforced casing 60 can support the borehole wall of monitoring borehole 10, preventing the monitoring borehole 10 from collapsing due to loose strata or precipitation, protecting the internal isolation pipe 20 and the stratification marker 30, ensuring the structural integrity of the monitoring system, and preventing monitoring interruption due to borehole wall collapse; The elastic buffer layer can absorb external environmental vibrations (such as vehicle traffic and construction disturbances) or minor ground disturbances, preventing these disturbances from being transmitted to the stratification benchmark 30. This prevents the stratification benchmark 30 from generating false deformations of non-target ground displacements, ensuring that the monitoring data only reflects the target ground displacement and improving the authenticity of the data.

[0037] In this embodiment, the top of the reinforcing sleeve 60 is provided with a fixing structure 63 for fixing the reinforcing sleeve 60 to the ground. The fixing structure 63 includes a reinforcing rib 631. One end of the reinforcing rib 631 is fixedly connected to the reinforcing sleeve 60, and the other end of the reinforcing rib 631 is fixed to the ground by concrete pouring to form a fixing platform 632. The outer edge of the top of the reinforcing sleeve 60 is provided with an annular limiting plate 64 protruding outward, and the bottom of the annular limiting plate 64 is embedded in the top of the fixing platform 632. The inner top and inner bottom edges of the reinforcing sleeve 60 are provided with annular cover plates 65 for sealing the upper and lower openings of the buffer cavity 61. The inner diameter of the annular cover plate 65 is smaller than the outer diameter of the isolation tube 20. The annular cover plate 65 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve 60.

[0038] The reinforcing bar 631, in conjunction with the concrete fixing platform 632, can firmly fix the reinforcing sleeve 60 to the ground, preventing the reinforcing sleeve 60 from shifting or tilting, thereby ensuring the stability of the isolation pipe 20 and the layered benchmark 30, avoiding the shift of the monitoring benchmark caused by the movement of the reinforcing sleeve 60, and ensuring the continuity of monitoring data.

[0039] The annular cover plates 65 at the top and bottom of the reinforcing sleeve 60 can seal the upper and lower openings of the buffer cavity 61, preventing rainwater and mud from entering the buffer cavity 61 and contaminating the elastic buffer layer, thus avoiding the failure of the elastic buffer layer. At the same time, the inner diameter of the annular cover plate 65 is smaller than the outer diameter of the isolation pipe 20, which can form a vertical limit on the isolation pipe 20. The annular limiting plate 64 is embedded in the top of the fixed platform 632, which can further enhance the connection strength between the reinforcing sleeve 60 and the fixed platform 632, prevent the top of the reinforcing sleeve 60 from tilting or shifting, and ensure the long-term stability of the entire reinforcing structure.

[0040] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve 60 is provided with a plurality of guide strips 66 extending axially at intervals, and the outer wall of the isolation tube 20 is provided with a matching guide groove 23 corresponding to the guide strips 66, and the guide strips 66 are slidably embedded in the guide groove 23. The elastic buffer layer is an annular rubber pad 62, which is sleeved on the outside of the isolation tube 20. The inner ring of the annular rubber pad 62 is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the isolation tube 20, and the outer ring of the annular rubber pad 62 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve 60. Multiple annular rubber pads 62 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the reinforcing sleeve 60. Both the inner and outer rings of the annular rubber pad 62 are provided with annular grooves, and metal reinforcing rings 621 are embedded in the annular grooves.

[0041] The guide strip 66 on the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve 60 cooperates with the guide groove 23 on the outer wall of the isolation tube 20 to restrict the lateral movement of the isolation tube 20, ensuring that the isolation tube 20 can only move vertically and preventing the isolation tube 20 from tilting or deviating; the elastic buffer layer adopts annular rubber pads 62, whose elasticity can effectively absorb disturbances; multiple annular rubber pads 62 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction to achieve buffering within the entire length range and improve the anti-interference effect; the metal reinforcing rings 621 of the inner and outer rings of the annular rubber pads 62 can enhance the structural strength of the rubber pads, prevent the rubber pads from deforming under long-term pressure, extend the service life of the buffer layer, and ensure long-term anti-interference capability.

[0042] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the isolation tube 20 is provided with a plurality of guide rings 24 at intervals along the axial direction. The inner ring of the guide ring 24 is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the layering bar 30. The inner ring of the guide ring 24 is embedded with friction-reducing balls 25, which are in rolling contact with the outer wall of the layering bar 30.

[0043] The guide ring 24 restricts the lateral displacement of the stratification marker 30, ensuring that the stratification marker 30 always moves vertically. The anti-friction balls 25 in the inner ring of the guide ring 24 roll into contact with the outer wall of the stratification marker 30, converting sliding friction into rolling friction. This significantly reduces the resistance when the stratification marker 30 is displaced, ensuring that the stratification marker 30 can follow the target stratum in real time and synchronously, avoiding displacement data lag caused by friction, and improving the real-time performance and accuracy of monitoring data.

[0044] In this embodiment, the power supply device 80 includes a solar panel, a battery, and a charging controller. The solar panel is electrically connected to the battery through the charging controller, and the battery is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit and the hydrostatic level 40, respectively.

[0045] Solar panels can generate electricity using natural sunlight in the wild, without relying on the power grid, solving the power supply problem in remote areas prone to subsidence (such as mining areas and mountainous areas), and enabling long-term continuous monitoring; batteries can store solar energy and power the equipment on cloudy days, at night, or when there is insufficient sunlight, avoiding the loss of monitoring data due to power outages; the charging controller can automatically adjust the charging current and voltage to prevent the battery from being overcharged or over-discharged, extending the battery's lifespan and reducing the maintenance cost of the power supply system.

[0046] A cement grouting layer is filled between the reinforcing sleeve 60 and the wall of the monitoring hole 10.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated monitoring method for ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Select at least two monitoring points as stratified settlement markers in the area of ​​potential land subsidence points. Based on the geological structure characteristics of the potential land subsidence points, drill monitoring holes of different depths at each stratified settlement marker. Install isolation pipes in each monitoring hole and install stratified markers in the isolation pipes. The bottom of the stratified markers is fixed in the target monitoring stratum at the corresponding depth, and a hydrostatic level is installed on the top of the stratified markers. S2: Connect all the hydrostatic level instruments in series through the liquid passage pipe, so that the liquid in each hydrostatic level instrument forms a communicating vessel structure; S3: In a stable area away from the potential collapse point, deploy a data acquisition instrument and a power supply device. Connect each of the static levels to the data acquisition instrument via wires. Connect the power supply device to the data acquisition instrument and the static level to provide power. S4: Collect the ground elevation data of the area where each of the static level instruments is located as a reference point, and transmit the reference point data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform; The data acquisition instrument establishes a communication connection with a remote monitoring and early warning cloud platform. The data acquisition instrument collects the liquid level difference data monitored by each of the hydrostatic level instruments in real time and transmits the liquid level difference data to the monitoring and early warning cloud platform. S5: The monitoring and early warning cloud platform processes the liquid level difference data and benchmark data according to the preset geological parameters and calibration algorithm, calculates the vertical displacement of the target monitoring stratum corresponding to the depth of each stratified settlement marker, compares the vertical displacement with the preset early warning threshold, and triggers an alarm if the early warning threshold is reached.

2. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrostatic level includes a liquid storage tank for storing liquid, and a liquid level sensor for monitoring the liquid level is installed in the liquid storage tank. The liquid level sensor is electrically connected to a data acquisition instrument via wires. Multiple liquid storage tanks of the hydrostatic level are connected in series via liquid flow pipes. The liquid storage tanks are snapped onto the top of the layered markers by mounting plates. A level calibrator is provided on the mounting plate, which is used to calibrate the installation levelness of the hydrostatic level.

3. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The isolation tube has an internal cavity that runs vertically through it. The layered marker is vertically installed in the internal cavity. The layered marker is coaxially arranged with the isolation tube. The outer circumferential side of the layered marker is spaced apart from the inner circumferential side of the isolation tube. The bottom of the layered marker has multiple protrusions facing downwards. The layered marker is inserted into the bottom of the monitoring hole through the multiple protrusions.

4. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Along the direction from the middle to the top of the layered marker, the diameter of the layered marker gradually decreases, and the top of the layered marker is exposed outside the top of the isolation tube.

5. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation tube and the monitoring hole are arranged coaxially. The top of the isolation tube is exposed on the ground and a protective cover is installed on the top of the isolation tube. The protective cover is detachably connected to the isolation tube. A through hole is opened in the middle of the protective cover for the top of the layered marker to pass through.

6. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple displacement marks are spaced apart along the length of the top of the layered marker, and a reading window is provided on the inner wall of the isolation tube corresponding to the displacement marks. A transparent and wear-resistant glass is installed at the reading window.

7. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, A reinforcing sleeve is provided on the wall of the monitoring hole. The outer wall of the reinforcing sleeve is in contact with the wall of the monitoring hole. A buffer cavity is formed between the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve and the outer wall of the isolation tube. The buffer cavity is filled with an elastic buffer layer.

8. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the reinforcing sleeve is provided with a fixing structure to fix the reinforcing sleeve to the ground. The fixing structure includes a reinforcing rib. One end of the reinforcing rib is fixedly connected to the reinforcing sleeve, and the other end of the reinforcing rib is fixed to the ground by concrete pouring to form a fixing platform. The outer edge of the top of the reinforcing sleeve is provided with an annular limiting plate protruding outward. The bottom of the annular limiting plate is embedded in the top of the fixing platform. The top inner edge and bottom inner edge of the reinforcing sleeve are provided with annular sealing plates for sealing the upper and lower openings of the buffer cavity. The inner diameter of the annular sealing plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the isolation tube, and the annular sealing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve.

9. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve is provided with a plurality of guide strips extending axially at intervals, and the outer wall of the isolation tube is provided with a matching guide groove corresponding to the guide strips, and the guide strips are slidably embedded in the guide grooves. The elastic buffer layer is an annular rubber pad, which is sleeved on the outside of the isolation tube. The inner ring of the annular rubber pad is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the isolation tube, and the outer ring of the annular rubber pad is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve. Multiple annular rubber pads are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the reinforcing sleeve. Both the inner and outer rings of the annular rubber pad are provided with annular grooves, and metal reinforcing rings are embedded in the annular grooves.

10. The automated monitoring method for monitoring ground subsidence using a hydrostatic level as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the isolation tube is provided with multiple guide rings spaced apart along the axial direction. The inner ring of the guide ring is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the layering marker. The inner ring of the guide ring is embedded with anti-friction balls, which make rolling contact with the outer wall of the layering marker.

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