Curved-surface thin plate laser welding device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of thin plate laser welding, and particularly relates to a curved-surface thin plate laser welding device which comprises a welding base. A first supporting frame is arranged on the welding base. The upper fixing base and the lower fixing base are matched with a plurality of short rods to adaptively clamp different types of curved-surface thin plates, and are matched with two laser welding heads to perform double-sided welding, so that the effect of performing counterpoint double-sided laser welding on the different types of curved-surface thin plates is achieved, traditional laser equipment which is difficult to perform double-sided counterpoint welding on the curved-surface thin plates is replaced, and the production efficiency is improved. The multiple short rods on the upper fixing base and the lower fixing base can conduct adaptive clamping according to the curved surface shapes of the thin plates, the welding precision and stability are improved, welding deviation caused by the irregular curved surface shapes of the thin plates is avoided, the two oppositely-arranged laser welding heads can flexibly move to the upper and lower opposite seams of the two curved surface thin plates, and the welding quality is improved. And laser double-face simultaneous welding is achieved, the welding efficiency is improved, a welded joint is firmer, and the overall welding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thin plate laser welding technology, specifically a curved thin plate laser welding device. Background Technology

[0002] The curved thin plate laser welding equipment is a highly precise automated processing system designed to meet the welding challenges of complex curved thin plate components such as ship superstructures, aerospace skins, automobile bodies, and irregularly shaped water tanks. The core technology of this equipment lies in the integration of a high-power laser and a precision CNC machine tool, equipped with a real-time weld seam tracking and adaptive positioning system. Through advanced programming and control, the laser welding head can move precisely along a three-dimensional curved surface trajectory while maintaining the optimal welding posture and focal length, achieving high-quality welding of plates as thin as a few tenths of a millimeter. Its advantages include low heat input, minimal deformation, and aesthetically pleasing and strong weld seams, significantly improving the production efficiency and reliability of curved thin-walled structures.

[0003] A patent application with publication number CN113146041A discloses a laser welding method for curved thin plates, which includes positioning and docking a first welding segment and a second welding segment with the same curved surface at the interface. This application uses an automated welding machine to set the welding path, which can maintain slow welding for a long time and ensure that the first welding segment and the second welding segment are welded together to form a "plum blossom" cross-section structure of the forged bar, thus enabling mass production of the product.

[0004] In current curved surface laser welding technology, the aforementioned laser welding machine uses an automated welding path for slow welding, which can ensure welding accuracy and quality, especially in the welding of large-sized curved surface components. However, when this technology is applied to shipbuilding, some challenges are encountered, especially for curved thin plates of ship superstructure materials. Because they require double-sided welding and different models of curved thin plates have different shapes, traditional laser welding equipment is difficult to perform aligned double-sided welding. This makes it difficult to meet the design requirements for weld quality and also easily limits production efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a laser welding device for curved thin plates. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A laser welding device for curved thin plates according to the present invention includes a welding seat; a first support frame is provided on the welding seat; an electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the first support frame; an upper fixed seat is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric cylinder; a lower fixed seat is fixedly connected to the side of the first support frame near the electric cylinder, and the lower fixed seat is located below the upper fixed seat, and the lower fixed seat and the upper fixed seat are arranged opposite to each other; multiple short rods are slidably connected inside the upper fixed seat and the lower fixed seat through a first elastic element, and the short rods on the upper fixed seat and the short rods on the lower fixed seat are arranged opposite to each other; two opposing laser welding heads are provided on the welding seat.

[0008] Preferably, a first electric slider is slidably connected to the welding base; a first fixing frame is fixedly connected to the first electric slider; a second fixing frame is slidably connected to one side of the first fixing frame via a second electric slider; a connecting block is slidably connected to the side of the second fixing frame away from the first fixing frame via a third electric slider; a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the center of the connecting block; a third fixing frame is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod, and two laser welding heads are fixedly connected to the third fixing frame.

[0009] Preferably, a fourth electric slider is slidably connected to the welding base; a connecting frame is provided on the fourth electric slider; a fixed rod is fixedly connected to the connecting frame; and a rotating frame is rotatably connected to the fixed rod.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the fixed rod; multiple limiting holes are provided on the rotating frame near the limiting plate; limiting bolts are threadedly connected to the rotating frame and the limiting plate, and the limiting bolts are located in one limiting hole.

[0011] Preferably, an extension seat is fixedly connected to both the welding seat and the fourth electric slider; an extension plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extension seat, the extension plate on the welding seat is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first support frame, the extension plate on the fourth electric slider is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting frame, and multiple square slots are provided on the extension plate; a limiting plate is inserted into the square slot of the extension plate, and the limiting plate passes through the extension seat.

[0012] Preferably, side frames are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper and lower fixed seats; a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the side frame via a torsion spring; a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; a long rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate; and a pressure roller is rotatably connected to both ends of the long rod.

[0013] Preferably, the pressing roller is fitted with multiple anti-slip pads, which are spaced apart, and the diameter of the anti-slip pads is larger than the diameter of the pressing roller; one end of the short rod is fixedly connected with multiple anti-slip sleeves.

[0014] Preferably, multiple connecting seats are fixedly connected to the third fixing frame, and the multiple connecting seats are arranged in pairs opposite each other; the inner wall of the connecting seat is slidably connected to a trapezoidal block through the second elastic element.

[0015] Preferably, a mating roller is rotatably connected to the trapezoidal block, and the mating roller is located at one end opposite to the two trapezoidal blocks.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of support seats are fixedly connected to the welding seat; the inner wall of the support seat is slidably connected to a support plate through a third elastic element.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The laser welding device for curved thin plates described in this invention uses an upper and lower fixed base with multiple short rods to adaptively clamp curved thin plates of different models, and two laser welding heads to perform double-sided welding. This device enables double-sided laser welding of curved thin plates of different models, replacing traditional laser equipment that is difficult to align and weld curved thin plates on both sides. During the welding process, the multiple short rods on the upper and lower fixed bases can adaptively clamp the plate according to its curved shape, which greatly improves the accuracy and stability of the welding and effectively avoids welding deviations caused by the irregular shape of the plate's curved surface. At the same time, the two oppositely arranged laser welding heads can flexibly move to the upper and lower seams of the two curved thin plates to achieve simultaneous double-sided laser welding. This not only improves welding efficiency but also makes the welded joint stronger and improves the overall welding quality.

[0018] 2. The curved thin plate laser welding device of the present invention uses a first fixed frame, a second fixed frame, and a connecting block, which are controlled by a first electric slider, a second electric slider, and a third electric slider to adjust the welding position. The first fixed frame can be adjusted left and right by sliding on the welding seat. The second electric slider drives the second fixed frame to slide to adjust the vertical position. The third electric slider drives the connecting block to slide to adjust the front and back position. Through the cooperation of these sliding adjustment structures, the two laser welding heads can be accurately moved to the upper and lower seams of curved thin plates of different models, ensuring the accuracy and flexibility of laser double-sided welding. This greatly expands the application range of the curved thin plate laser welding device, can meet the welding needs of various curved thin plates of different specifications, and improves the practicality and versatility of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 1 support frame in this invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the trapezoidal block in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing roller in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Welding seat; 12. Support frame 1; 13. Electric cylinder; 14. Upper fixed seat; 15. Lower fixed seat; 16. Short rod; 17. Laser welding head; 2. Electric slider 1; 21. Fixed frame 1; 22. Fixed frame 2; 23. Connecting block; 24. Rotating rod; 25. Fixed frame 3; 3. Electric slider 4; 31. Connecting frame; 32. Fixed rod; 33. Rotating frame; 4. Limiting plate; 41. Limiting hole; 42. Limiting bolt; 5. Extension seat; 51. Extension plate; 52. Limiting insert plate; 6. Side frame; 61. Rotating shaft; 62. Connecting plate; 63. Long rod; 64. Pressing roller; 7. Anti-slip pad; 8. Connecting seat; 81. Trapezoidal block; 9. Matching roller; 91. Support seat; 92. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a laser welding device for curved thin plates includes a welding base 1; a first support frame 12 is provided on the welding base 1; an electric cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the first support frame 12; an upper fixed seat 14 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric cylinder 13; a lower fixed seat 15 is fixedly connected to the side of the first support frame 12 near the electric cylinder 13, and the lower fixed seat 15 is located below the upper fixed seat 14, and the lower fixed seat 15 is arranged opposite to the upper fixed seat 14; both the upper fixed seat 14 and the lower fixed seat 15 have multiple short rods 16 slidably connected inside them through a first elastic element, and the upper fixed seat 14 has... The short rod 16 on the upper fixed seat 14 and the short rod 16 on the lower fixed seat 15 are arranged opposite each other; the welding seat 1 is provided with two opposite laser welding heads 17; when laser welding the curved thin plate of the superstructure material of the ship, the welding seat 1 is used as the main support of the curved thin plate laser welding device. A curved thin plate is placed between the upper fixed seat 14 and the lower fixed seat 15 and is located on the multiple short rods 16 of the lower fixed seat 15. Then, the output end of the electric cylinder 13 on the first support frame 12 extends downward, driving the multiple short rods 16 at the bottom of the upper fixed seat 14 to cooperate with the multiple short rods 16 on the lower fixed seat 15 according to the curved shape of the thin plate. Adaptive clamping is performed. As the output end of the electric cylinder 13 continuously presses down, some of the short rods 16 compress the first elastic element to contract until the curved thin plate is stably clamped. At this point, one end of another curved thin plate can be manually aligned with one end of the clamped curved thin plate. Two laser welding heads 17 are connected to the welding machine body. The two laser welding heads 17 move to the upper and lower seams of the two curved thin plates for double-sided laser welding. Alternatively, after manually aligning the two thin plates, another upper fixing seat 14 and lower fixing seat 15, along with multiple short rods 16, are used to clamp and fix the other thin plate for double-sided welding. This allows for the alignment and double-sided laser welding of curved thin plates of different models. Laser welding replaces traditional laser equipment, which is difficult to align and weld curved thin plates on both sides. During the welding process, multiple short rods 16 on the upper fixed seat 14 and the lower fixed seat 15 can adaptively clamp the plate according to its curved shape, which greatly improves the accuracy and stability of the welding and effectively avoids welding deviations caused by the irregular shape of the plate. At the same time, the two oppositely arranged laser welding heads 17 can flexibly move to the upper and lower seams of the two curved thin plates to achieve simultaneous laser welding on both sides. This not only improves the welding efficiency but also makes the welded joint stronger and improves the overall welding quality.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, a first electric slider 2 is slidably connected to the welding base 1; a first fixing frame 21 is fixedly connected to the first electric slider 2; a second fixing frame 22 is slidably connected to one side of the first fixing frame 21 via a second electric slider; a connecting block 23 is slidably connected to the side of the second fixing frame 22 away from the first fixing frame 21 via a third electric slider; a rotating rod 24 is rotatably connected to the center of the connecting block 23; a third fixing frame 25 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 24, and two laser welding heads 17 are fixedly connected to the third fixing frame 25; when aligning and double-sided laser welding of curved thin plates of different models, the two laser welding heads 17 are mounted opposite each other on the third fixing frame 25, the third fixing frame 25 is rotatably connected to the connecting block 23 via the rotating rod 24, and a damper is provided inside the connecting block 23, the damper being used to limit the rotation of the third fixing frame 25 after the rotating rod 24 drives it to rotate. The two laser welding heads 17 can be aligned and welded on both sides according to different types of curved thin plates. The first fixing frame 21, the second fixing frame 22, and the connecting block 23 are controlled by the first electric slider 2, the second electric slider, and the third electric slider to adjust the welding position. The first fixing frame 21 can be adjusted left and right by sliding on the welding seat 1. The second electric slider drives the second fixing frame 22 to adjust the position up and down. The third electric slider drives the connecting block 23 to adjust the position in the front and back directions. Through the cooperation of these sliding adjustment structures, the two laser welding heads 17 can be accurately moved to the upper and lower seams of different types of curved thin plates, ensuring the accuracy and flexibility of laser double-sided welding. This greatly expands the application range of the curved thin plate laser welding device, meets the welding needs of various curved thin plates of different specifications, and improves the practicality and versatility of the equipment.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a fourth electric slider 3 is slidably connected to the welding seat 1; a connecting frame 31 is provided on the fourth electric slider 3; a fixed rod 32 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 31; a rotating frame 33 is rotatably connected to the fixed rod 32; when aligning and welding two curved thin plates, some plates need to be welded at different angles in different positions. For example, when assembling two thin plates into a T-shape, one curved thin plate is first clamped by the upper fixed seat 14 and lower fixed seat 15 at the first support frame 12 in conjunction with multiple short rods 16. Then, the other curved thin plate is clamped by the upper fixed seat 14 and lower fixed seat 15 at the rotating frame 33 in conjunction with the electric cylinder 13 and multiple short rods 16. Then, the rotation angle of the rotating frame 33 around the fixed rod 32 on the connecting frame 31 is manually adjusted. After adjustment, the angle of the rotating frame 33 is fixed so that the other curved thin plate rotates to the previously clamped curved surface. The thin plates are in a T-shaped butt joint. At this time, the No. 4 electric slider 3 can slide and adjust its position along the welding seat 1 to ensure precise alignment of the T-shaped butt joint of the two thin plates. At the same time, the upper fixed seat 14 and lower fixed seat 15, which originally clamped the thin plates at the No. 1 support frame 12, maintain stable clamping through their cooperative structure. The structure of the rotating frame 33 that clamps the thin plates also remains stable. Then, the two relatively set laser welding heads 17 are moved to the upper and lower seams of the T-shaped butt joint of the two curved thin plates for laser double-sided welding. This design can meet the alignment double-sided laser welding requirements of curved thin plates at different positions and angles, further improving the flexibility and adaptability of the welding device. Whether it is simple straight butt welding or complex butt welding of special shapes such as T-shape and L-shape, it can be completed accurately and stably by this device, greatly expanding its practical application scenarios in the field of welding curved thin plates such as ship superstructure materials.

[0026] A limiting plate 4 is fixedly attached to the fixed rod 32; multiple limiting holes 41 are provided on the rotating frame 33 near the limiting plate 4; limiting bolts 42 are threadedly connected to the rotating frame 33 and the limiting plate 4, and the limiting bolts 42 are located in one limiting hole 41; when the rotating frame 33 is rotated to adjust the angle, the limiting bolts 42 are first manually removed from one limiting hole 41 of the rotating frame 33 by rotating them in the opposite direction. At this time, the limiting bolts 42 are screwed onto the limiting plate 4. Then, the rotating frame 33 is rotated to adjust the angle of the curved thin plate. After the adjustment is completed, the limiting bolts 42 screwed onto the limiting plate 4 are rotated in the forward direction and screwed into another limiting hole 41 for fixation. This design allows the rotating frame 33 to adjust... Once the desired angle is reached, it can be firmly locked, avoiding welding inaccuracies caused by angular deviation of the rotating frame 33 during the welding process. This ensures the stability and accuracy of welding curved thin plates at different angles. At the same time, the setting of multiple limiting holes 41 provides more angle adjustment options for the rotating frame 33, enabling the welding device to adapt to more welding scenarios of curved thin plates with different angle requirements. This further enhances its flexibility and practicality. Whether it is small-angle adjustment welding of ship superstructure materials or large-angle special shape welding, precise and stable welding operations can be achieved through this threaded fixing structure, which greatly improves welding quality and efficiency.

[0027] Both the welding seat 1 and the fourth electric slider 3 are fixedly connected to an extension seat 5; an extension plate 51 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extension seat 5. The extension plate 51 on the welding seat 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first support frame 12, and the extension plate 51 on the fourth electric slider 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting frame 31. Multiple square slots are provided on the extension plate 51. A limiting plate 52 is inserted into the square slot of the extension plate 51, and the limiting plate 52 passes through the extension seat 5. When adjusting the clamping height of the curved thin plate, the extension plate 51 slides inside the extension seat 5. After adjusting to a suitable clamping height, the limiting plate 52 is inserted through the extension seat 5 into the square slot of the extension plate 51. This design allows for quick and stable adjustment of the clamping structure height to accommodate the clamping height requirements of curved thin plates of different thicknesses. During operation, the operator can flexibly slide the extension plate 51 within the extension seat 5 according to the specific thickness of the curved thin plate to be welded. When the extension plate 51 is moved to a suitable height, ensuring that the clamping structures at the upper fixed seat 14, lower fixed seat 15, and rotating frame 33 can accurately act on the thin plate, the limiting insert 52 is accurately inserted into the corresponding square groove of the extension plate 51 and passes through the extension seat 5, thereby firmly fixing the extension plate 51 at that height. In this way, whether it is a thin or thick curved thin plate, stable clamping can be achieved through this height adjustment structure, ensuring the accuracy of the thin plate position during welding, providing a solid foundation for subsequent high-quality laser double-sided welding, and further improving the adaptability and ease of operation of the entire curved thin plate laser welding device to thin plates of different specifications.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 As shown, side frames 6 are fixed to both sides of the upper fixed seat 14 and the lower fixed seat 15; a rotating shaft 61 is rotatably connected to the side frame 6 via a torsion spring; a connecting plate 62 is fixed to the rotating shaft 61; a long rod 63 is fixed to the connecting plate 62; and pressure rollers 64 are rotatably connected to both ends of the long rod 63. When clamping curved thin plates of different specifications, the rotating shaft 61 rotates on the side frame 6 via the torsion spring, and the curved thin plate is placed between multiple pressure rollers 64. The multiple pressure rollers 64 are in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the curved thin plate. As the output end of the electric cylinder 13 drives the upper fixed seat 14 to continuously press down, the multiple pressure rollers 64, together with the long rod 63 and the connecting plate 62, rotate with the rotating shaft 61. With the elastic force of the torsion spring, the multiple pressure rollers 64 adaptively conform to the curved shape of the curved thin plate. This design cleverly utilizes the elastic characteristics of the torsion spring. During the clamping process, the torsion spring will adjust according to the actual shape of the curved thin plate. The curved surface undergoes corresponding elastic deformation, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 61, connecting plate 62, long rod 63, and pressing rollers 64 to rotate adaptively. This ensures that the multiple pressing rollers 64 can be tightly and evenly attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the curved sheet. Regardless of the curvature of the curved sheet, a good clamping effect can be achieved, effectively avoiding the shaking and displacement of the sheet during welding caused by loose clamping. This further improves the accuracy and stability of welding. At the same time, this adaptive clamping structure also has a certain buffering effect, which can reduce the damage to the surface of the curved sheet during clamping, protect the integrity of the sheet, and provide a reliable guarantee for subsequent high-quality laser welding. Moreover, the structure is simple, reliable, easy to operate and maintain, reduces the operating cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment, and improves the practicality and economy of the entire curved sheet laser welding device.

[0029] Multiple anti-slip pads 7 are fitted onto the pressing roller 64, and these pads 7 are spaced apart, with a diameter larger than that of the pressing roller 64. Multiple anti-slip sleeves are fixed to one end of the short rod 16. When the pressing rollers 64 are clamped against the surface of the curved sheet, the spaced anti-slip pads 7 simultaneously adhere to the surface of the curved sheet along with the pressing rollers 64. Because the diameter of the anti-slip pads 7 is larger than that of the pressing rollers 64, the contact area between the anti-slip pads 7 and the curved sheet is relatively larger, providing a more stable anti-slip treatment for the clamping of the pressing rollers 64. The spaced anti-slip pads 7 also form multiple support points on the surface of the curved sheet, further enhancing the stability of the clamping and ensuring that the curved sheet does not slip during the welding process. The shaking and displacement caused by external factors ensure the accuracy of welding. The multiple anti-slip sleeves fixed to one end of the short rod 16 increase the friction between the short rod 16 and the surface of the curved thin plate when in contact with it, preventing relative sliding between the short rod 16 and the thin plate during clamping. This better cooperates with the pressing roller 64 and the anti-slip pad 7 to stably clamp the curved thin plate. Whether the curved thin plate has a smooth or rough surface, these anti-slip sleeves can play a good anti-slip role, further improving the reliability and adaptability of the entire clamping structure. This allows the curved thin plate laser welding device to achieve high-quality clamping effect when facing curved thin plates of different materials and surface conditions, laying a solid foundation for laser double-sided welding.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple connecting seats 8 are fixedly connected to the third fixing frame 25, and the multiple connecting seats 8 are arranged in pairs opposite each other; the inner wall of the connecting seat 8 is slidably connected to the trapezoidal block 81 through the second elastic element; when welding the two curved thin plates with their ends joined, the third fixing frame 25 drives the two laser welding heads 17 to pass through the joint of the curved thin plates, and the inclined surfaces of the multiple trapezoidal blocks 81 are pressed into the connecting seat 8 by the two curved thin plates. The second elastic element contracts and is subjected to force. At this time, the two opposite trapezoidal blocks 81 are clamped at the upper and lower ends of the joint of the two curved thin plates. This design utilizes the elastic force of the second elastic element so that after the trapezoidal blocks 81 are pressed into the connecting seat 8, they can produce The reverse elastic force tightly clamps the two curved thin plates at their joints, ensuring stability at the ends during laser double-sided welding and preventing separation or misalignment. This effectively improves welding accuracy and quality. Furthermore, multiple pairwise opposing connecting seats 8 can clamp the curved thin plates at their joints from different positions, further enhancing clamping stability and reliability. This clamping structure enables stable butt welding for both thin and thick curved thin plates, greatly expanding the applicability of this curved thin plate laser welding device for welding curved thin plates of different specifications.

[0031] A mating roller 9 is rotatably connected to the trapezoidal block 81, and the mating roller 9 is located at one end opposite to the other between two trapezoidal blocks 81. When multiple trapezoidal blocks 81 clamp the seam of two curved thin plates, the mating roller 9 is rotatably connected to the trapezoidal block 81, and every two mating rollers 9 are set opposite each other. During the docking process of the two curved thin plates, the mating roller 9 will rotate with the clamping action of the trapezoidal blocks 81. The rotational connection method of the mating roller 9 also increases the flexibility of the clamping structure, which can adapt to the docking requirements of curved thin plates with different curvatures and thicknesses. Whether docking a relatively gentle curved thin plate or a curved thin plate with a large curvature, a good clamping effect can be achieved by adjusting the rotation of the mating roller 9. Moreover, this structure ensures the stability of the clamping while not putting too much pressure on the surface of the curved thin plate, avoiding the deformation of the thin plate due to excessive pressure, thereby ensuring the quality of the welded curved thin plate and further improving the performance and reliability of the entire curved thin plate laser welding device.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, multiple support seats 91 are fixedly connected to the welding seat 1; the inner wall of the support seat 91 is slidably connected to the support plate 92 through the third elastic element; when the lower fixed seat 15 supports the bottom surface of the curved thin plate, the support seat 91 is fixed to the welding seat 1 and located below the lower fixed seat 15. The support plate 92 is supported at the bottom of the lower fixed seat 15 by the elastic force of the third elastic element, supporting the suspended side of the lower fixed seat 15. This design, through the elastic action of the third elastic element, allows the support plate 92 to automatically adjust the support height according to the height change of the lower fixed seat 15, thereby ensuring the balance and stability of the clamping structure, further improving the support effect, providing a strong guarantee for the precise welding of the entire curved thin plate laser welding device, and enhancing the adaptability and reliability of the equipment in various complex welding scenarios.

[0033] Working process: When laser welding curved thin plates of ship superstructure materials, the welding seat 1 serves as the main support for the curved thin plate laser welding device. A curved thin plate is placed between the upper fixed seat 14 and the lower fixed seat 15, and positioned on multiple short rods 16 of the lower fixed seat 15. Then, the output end of the electric cylinder 13 on the first support frame 12 extends downward, driving multiple short rods 16 at the bottom of the upper fixed seat 14 to cooperate with multiple short rods 16 on the lower fixed seat 15 to adaptively clamp according to the curved shape of the thin plate. As the output end of the electric cylinder 13 continues to press down, some of the short rods 16 compress the first elastic element to contract until the curved thin plate is stably clamped. At this point, one end of another curved thin plate can be manually aligned with one end of the clamped curved thin plate. Next, two laser welding heads 17 are connected to the welding machine body. The two laser welding heads 17 move to the upper and lower seams of the two curved thin plates for double-sided laser welding. Alternatively, after the two thin plates are manually joined, another upper fixed seat 14 and lower fixed seat 15, along with multiple short rods 16, are used to clamp and fix the other thin plate for double-sided welding. This serves to perform double-sided laser welding of curved thin plates of different models, replacing traditional laser equipment that is difficult to perform double-sided welding of curved thin plates. During the welding process, because the multiple short rods 16 on the upper fixed seat 14 and lower fixed seat 15 can adaptively clamp according to the curved shape of the thin plate, the welding accuracy and stability are greatly improved, effectively avoiding welding deviations caused by the irregular curved shape of the thin plate. Simultaneously, the two opposing laser welding heads 17 can flexibly move to the upper and lower seams of the two curved thin plates, achieving simultaneous double-sided laser welding. This not only improves welding efficiency but also makes the welded joint stronger, enhancing the overall welding quality. When performing double-sided laser welding on curved thin plates of different models, the two laser welding heads 17 are mounted opposite each other on the third fixing frame 25. The third fixing frame 25 is rotatably connected to the connecting block 23 via a rotating rod 24, and a damper is installed inside the connecting block 23. The damper is used to limit the rotation of the third fixing frame 25 after the rotating rod 24 drives it to rotate, allowing the two laser welding heads 17 to perform double-sided welding according to different models of curved thin plates. The first fixing frame 21 and the second fixing frame 25 are also included. The frame 22 and the connecting block 23 are controlled by the first electric slider 2, the second electric slider and the third electric slider to adjust the welding position. The first fixed frame 21 can be adjusted left and right by sliding on the welding seat 1. The second electric slider drives the second fixed frame 22 to slide to adjust the position up and down. The third electric slider drives the connecting block 23 to slide to adjust the position in the front and back direction. Through the cooperation of these sliding adjustment structures, the two laser welding heads 17 can be accurately moved to the upper and lower seams of different types of curved thin plates, ensuring the accuracy and flexibility of laser double-sided welding. This greatly expands the application range of the curved thin plate laser welding device, can meet the welding needs of various curved thin plates of different specifications, and improves the practicality and versatility of the equipment. When aligning and welding two curved thin plates, some plates need to be welded at different angles in different positions. For example, when assembling two thin plates into a T-shape, one curved thin plate is first clamped by the upper fixed seat 14 and lower fixed seat 15 at the first support frame 12, along with multiple short rods 16. Then, the other curved thin plate is clamped by the upper fixed seat 14 and lower fixed seat 15 at the rotating frame 33, along with the electric cylinder 13 and multiple short rods 16. The rotating frame 33 is then manually adjusted to rotate around the fixed rod 32 on the connecting frame 31. After adjustment, the angle of the rotating frame 33 is fixed, so that the other curved thin plate rotates to align with the previously clamped curved plate. The thin plates are in a T-shaped butt joint. At this point, the fourth electric slider 3 can slide and adjust its position along the welding seat 1 to ensure precise alignment of the two plates at the T-shaped butt joint. Simultaneously, the upper fixed seat 14 and lower fixed seat 15, which originally held the plates at the first support frame 12, maintain stable clamping. The structure holding the plates at the rotating frame 33 also remains stable. Then, two opposing laser welding heads 17 are moved to the upper and lower seams of the T-shaped butt joint of the two curved thin plates for double-sided laser welding. This design can meet the requirements for double-sided laser welding of curved thin plates at different positions and angles, further improving the flexibility and adaptability of the welding device, whether for simple or complex applications. Whether it's straight butt welding or complex T-shaped, L-shaped, or other special-shaped butt welding, this device can complete the process accurately and stably, greatly expanding its practical application scenarios in the welding of curved thin plates, such as those used in ship superstructure materials. When the rotating frame 33 is adjusted, the operator first removes the limiting bolt 42 from one of the limiting holes 41 of the rotating frame 33 by rotating it in the opposite direction. At this time, the limiting bolt 42 is screwed onto the limiting plate 4. Then, the rotating frame 33 is rotated to adjust the angle of the curved thin plate. After adjustment, the limiting bolt 42 screwed onto the limiting plate 4 is rotated in the forward direction and screwed into the other limiting hole 41 for fixation. This design ensures that the rotating frame 33 can be adjusted to the required angle. The angle can be firmly locked, avoiding welding inaccuracies caused by angular deviation of the rotating frame 33 during the welding process. This ensures the stability and accuracy of welding curved thin plates at different angles. At the same time, the setting of multiple limiting holes 41 provides more angle adjustment options for the rotating frame 33, enabling the welding device to adapt to more welding scenarios of curved thin plates with different angle requirements. This further enhances its flexibility and practicality. Whether it is small-angle adjustment welding of ship superstructure materials or large-angle special shape welding, precise and stable welding operations can be achieved through this threaded fixing structure, which greatly improves welding quality and efficiency. When adjusting the clamping height of the curved sheet, the extension plate 51 slides inside the extension seat 5. After adjusting to the appropriate clamping height, the limiting insert 52 passes through the extension seat 5 and is inserted into the square groove of the extension plate 51. This design allows for quick and stable adjustment of the clamping structure height to accommodate the clamping height requirements of curved sheets of different thicknesses. In actual operation, the operator can flexibly slide the extension plate 51 within the extension seat 5 according to the specific thickness of the curved sheet to be welded. When the extension plate 51 moves to the appropriate height, it ensures that the upper fixed seat 14 and the lower fixed seat 15 are properly aligned. When the clamping structure at the rotating frame 33 can accurately act on the thin plate, the limiting insert 52 is accurately inserted into the square groove corresponding to the extension plate 51 and passes through the extension seat 5, thereby firmly fixing the extension plate 51 at this height position. In this way, whether it is a thin curved plate or a thick curved plate, it can be stably clamped through this height adjustment structure, ensuring the accuracy of the plate position during the welding process, providing a solid foundation for subsequent high-quality laser double-sided welding, and further improving the adaptability and ease of operation of the entire curved thin plate laser welding device to thin plates of different specifications. When clamping curved thin plates of different specifications, the rotating shaft 61 rotates on the side frame 6 via a torsion spring. The curved thin plate is placed between multiple pressing rollers 64, which are in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the curved thin plate. As the output end of the electric cylinder 13 drives the upper fixed seat 14 to press down continuously, the multiple pressing rollers 64, together with the long rod 63 and the connecting plate 62, rotate with the rotating shaft 61. The elastic force of the torsion spring causes the multiple pressing rollers 64 to adaptively conform to the curved shape of the curved thin plate. This design cleverly utilizes the elastic characteristics of the torsion spring. During the clamping process, the torsion spring will generate corresponding elastic deformation according to the actual curved surface of the thin plate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 61, the connecting plate 62, and the long rod 64. 3. The pressing rollers 64 rotate adaptively to ensure that they can tightly and evenly adhere to the upper and lower surfaces of the curved sheet. Regardless of the curvature of the sheet, a good clamping effect is achieved, effectively preventing shaking and displacement of the sheet during welding due to loose clamping. This further improves welding accuracy and stability. Simultaneously, this adaptive clamping structure also provides a buffering effect, reducing damage to the surface of the curved sheet during clamping and protecting its integrity. This provides a reliable guarantee for subsequent high-quality laser welding. Moreover, the structure is simple, reliable, easy to operate and maintain, and reduces equipment costs. The reduced operating costs and maintenance difficulty of the equipment enhance the practicality and economy of the entire curved thin plate laser welding device. When multiple pressure rollers 64 are clamped against the surface of the curved thin plate, multiple spaced anti-slip pads 7 are synchronously attached to the surface of the curved thin plate along with the pressure rollers 64. Since the diameter of the anti-slip pads 7 is larger than that of the pressure rollers 64, the contact area between the anti-slip pads 7 and the curved thin plate is relatively larger, which can more stably prevent slippage of the pressure rollers 64. The multiple spaced anti-slip pads 7 can also form multiple support points on the surface of the curved thin plate, further enhancing the stability of the clamping and ensuring that the curved thin plate will not shake or shift due to external factors during the welding process, thus guaranteeing... To improve welding precision, multiple anti-slip sleeves fixed to one end of the short rod 16 increase the friction between the short rod 16 and the plate surface when in contact with the curved thin plate, preventing relative sliding between the short rod 16 and the plate during clamping. This allows for better coordination with the pressing roller 64 and the anti-slip pad 7 to stably clamp the curved thin plate. These anti-slip sleeves provide good anti-slip performance for both smooth and rough curved thin plates, further enhancing the reliability and adaptability of the entire clamping structure. This enables the curved thin plate laser welding device to achieve high-quality clamping results when facing curved thin plates of different materials and surface conditions, laying a solid foundation for laser double-sided welding. When welding the two curved thin plates that are joined at their ends, the third fixing frame 25 drives the two laser welding heads 17 through the joint of the curved thin plates. The inclined surfaces of multiple trapezoidal blocks 81 are pressed into the connecting seat 8 by the two curved thin plates. The second elastic element contracts and is subjected to force. At this time, the two opposing trapezoidal blocks 81 are clamped at the upper and lower ends of the joint of the two curved thin plates. This design utilizes the elastic force of the second elastic element so that the trapezoidal blocks 81 can generate a reverse elastic force after being pressed into the connecting seat 8, thereby tightly clamping them. Holding the two curved thin plates at their joints, this design ensures stability at the ends of the plates during laser double-sided welding, preventing separation and misalignment. This effectively improves welding precision and quality. Furthermore, multiple pairwise opposing connecting seats 8 can clamp the curved thin plates at their joints from different positions, further enhancing clamping stability and reliability. This clamping structure is suitable for both thin and thick curved thin plates. The stable butt welding capability greatly expands the applicability of this curved thin plate laser welding device when welding curved thin plates of different specifications. When multiple trapezoidal blocks 81 clamp the seam of two curved thin plates, the mating rollers 9 are rotatably connected to the trapezoidal blocks 81, and each pair of mating rollers 9 are set opposite each other. During the butt welding process of the two curved thin plates, the mating rollers 9 will rotate with the clamping action of the trapezoidal blocks 81. The rotational connection method of the mating rollers 9 also increases the flexibility of the clamping structure, which can adapt to the butt welding requirements of curved thin plates with different curvatures and thicknesses. Whether it is butt welding a relatively gentle curved thin plate or a curved thin plate with a large curvature, a good clamping effect can be achieved by adjusting the rotation of the mating rollers 9. Moreover, this structure ensures the stability of the clamping while not putting too much pressure on the surface of the curved thin plate, avoiding the deformation of the thin plate due to excessive pressure, thus ensuring the quality of the curved thin plate after welding and further improving the performance and reliability of the entire curved thin plate laser welding device. When the lower fixed seat 15 supports the bottom surface of the curved thin plate, the support seat 91 is fixed on the welding seat 1 and located below the lower fixed seat 15. The support plate 92 is supported at the bottom of the lower fixed seat 15 by the elastic force of the third elastic element, supporting the suspended side of the lower fixed seat 15. This design, through the elastic action of the third elastic element, allows the support plate 92 to automatically adjust the support height according to the height change of the lower fixed seat 15, thereby ensuring the balance and stability of the clamping structure, further improving the support effect, providing a strong guarantee for the precise welding of the entire curved thin plate laser welding device, and enhancing the adaptability and reliability of the equipment in various complex welding scenarios.

[0034] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A curved sheet laser welding apparatus, characterized by: Including the welding seat, the welding seat is provided with a support frame, the support frame is fixedly connected with an electric cylinder, the output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected with an upper fixing seat, the side of the support frame close to the electric cylinder is fixedly connected with a lower fixing seat, and the lower fixing seat is located below the upper fixing seat, the lower fixing seat is opposite to the upper fixing seat, the inside of the upper fixing seat and the lower fixing seat is slidably connected with a plurality of short rods through a first elastic element, and the short rods on the upper fixing seat and the short rods on the lower fixing seat are opposite to each other, and the welding seat is provided with two opposite laser welding heads.

2. The apparatus for laser welding of curved sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding seat is slidably connected with a first electric sliding block, the first electric sliding block is fixedly connected with a first fixing frame, the side of the first fixing frame is slidably connected with a second fixing frame through a second electric sliding block, the side, away from the first fixing frame, of the second fixing frame is slidably connected with a connecting block through a third electric sliding block, the center of the connecting block is rotatably connected with a rotating rod, one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a third fixing frame, and the two laser welding heads are fixedly connected to the third fixing frame.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The welding seat is slidably connected with a fourth electric sliding block, the fourth electric sliding block is provided with a connecting frame, the connecting frame is fixedly connected with a fixing rod, and the fixing rod is rotatably connected with a rotating frame.

4. The apparatus for laser welding of curved sheet metal according to claim 3, wherein: The fixing rod is fixedly connected with a limiting disc, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the rotating frame close to the limiting disc, and a limiting bolt is threadedly connected to the rotating frame and the limiting disc, and the limiting bolt is located in one limiting hole.

5. The apparatus for laser welding of curved sheet metal according to claim 3, wherein: The welding seat and the fourth electric sliding block are both fixedly connected with an extension seat, the inner wall of the extension seat is slidably connected with an extension plate, the extension plate on the welding seat is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first support frame, the extension plate on the fourth electric sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting frame, and a plurality of square grooves are formed in the extension plate, a limiting insert plate is inserted into the square groove of the extension plate, and the limiting insert plate penetrates through the extension seat.

6. The apparatus for laser welding of curved sheet metal according to claim 1, wherein: The two sides of the upper fixing seat and the lower fixing seat are both fixedly connected with side frames, the side frames are rotatably connected with rotating shafts through torsional springs, the rotating shafts are fixedly connected with connecting plates, the connecting plates are fixedly connected with long rods, and the two ends of the long rods are both rotatably connected with pressing rollers.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: A plurality of anti-skid pads are sleeved on the pressing rollers, the plurality of anti-skid pads are separately arranged, and the diameter of the anti-skid pad is greater than the diameter of the pressing roller, and one end of the short rod is fixedly connected with a plurality of anti-skid sleeves.

8. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: A plurality of connecting seats are fixedly connected to the third fixing frame, and the plurality of connecting seats are opposite to each other, and the inner wall of the connecting seat is slidably connected with a trapezoidal block through a second elastic element.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: The trapezoidal block is rotatably connected with a matching roller, and the matching roller is located at the opposite end between the two trapezoidal blocks.

10. The apparatus for laser welding of curved sheet metal according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of support seats are fixedly connected to the welding seat, and the inner wall of the support seat is slidably connected with a support plate through a third elastic element.

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