Bare high and steep slope microtopography reconstruction method for improving vegetation colonization capability

Abstract

The invention discloses an exposed high and steep slope microtopography reconstruction method for improving vegetation colonization ability, which comprises the following steps: screening rocks with high weathering sensitivity, and establishing a weathering rate quantitative evaluation model; the weathering process of the rock with high weathering sensitivity is accelerated; constructing a micro-topographic space; based on the micro-topographic space, designing a three-stage compound matrix through the nutritional defects of the weathered product of the high-weathering-sensitivity rock, and carrying out layered fusion on the three-stage compound matrix and the micro-topographic structure; and carrying out vegetation planting and weathering-growth synergistic maintenance. According to the method, permeation of a weathering agent is guided through preset cracks, rock is converted into a nutrient matrix through an enhanced weathering technology, and the problem that traditional physical transformation depends on an external matrix and is prone to being deficient in the later period is solved; according to the method, the climate areas are graded, different treatment is conducted on the different climate areas according to the grading result, the water retention rate of the arid area is increased, the drainage efficiency of the wet area is improved, the overall structure is still stable when the gradient is larger than 60 degrees, and the gradient limitation of vegetation bags is broken through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of terrain modification technology, and in particular to a method for micro-terrain modification of bare, steep slopes to enhance vegetation colonization capacity. Background Technology

[0002] Existing bare, steep rock slopes (such as open-pit mine slopes and road cut slopes) are difficult for vegetation to recover naturally due to their steep slopes (often >50°), exposed rocks, and lack of soil cover.

[0003] Existing micro-topography modification technologies have the following shortcomings in practical applications: In terms of soil matrix: formation is inefficient and unstable. Existing physical modifications rely solely on external matrix (such as imported soil and soil filling for planting bags), without utilizing the weathering characteristics of the slope rocks themselves, resulting in a slow natural soil formation rate and easy loss of nutrients from the external matrix, leading to a weak foundation for vegetation establishment (soil fertility and sustainability). Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for micro-topography modification of bare, steep slopes to enhance vegetation colonization capacity, thereby solving the technical problem of existing topography modification relying on external substrates.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for micro-topography modification of bare, steep slopes to enhance vegetation colonization capacity, comprising:

[0006] S10, screening for rocks with high weathering sensitivity, and establishing a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate;

[0007] S20 accelerates the weathering process of highly weathering-sensitive rocks based on various accelerated weathering methods.

[0008] S30, for micro-topography spatial construction;

[0009] S40, based on the micro-topographic space, through the nutrient defects of the weathering products of the highly weathering sensitive rocks, a three-level composite matrix is ​​designed and layeredly integrated with the micro-topographic structure;

[0010] S50, to carry out vegetation planting and weathering-growth synergistic maintenance.

[0011] Optionally, step S10 includes:

[0012] S101, Screen highly weathering sensitive rocks and obtain the weathering rate of the highly weathering sensitive rocks;

[0013] S102, Based on the weathering rate of the highly weathered rocks, construct a rock weathering rate database, sort the highly weathered rocks according to their weathering rate, and select the rocks ranked higher as the repair matrix.

[0014] S103 identifies the main controlling factors of weathering;

[0015] S104 classifies climate zones based on the GB50178-93 standard and applies different treatments to different climate zones according to the classification results.

[0016] S105, adopts a multi-factor weighted scoring method to establish a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate.

[0017] Optionally, step S20 includes:

[0018] S201 crushes basalt to a particle size of 100 mesh, improving carbon capture efficiency;

[0019] S202, epoxy resin is injected to fill the cracks to improve the impermeability of the rock mass;

[0020] S203, spreading silicate mineral powder releases Mg²⁺ + / Ca² + This promotes CO2 mineralization and alleviates soil acidification;

[0021] S204, add drainage ditches in damp areas of the soil and cover high-temperature areas with shade nets;

[0022] S205 is a special weathering agent for spraying different rock types.

[0023] Optionally, step S30 includes:

[0024] S301, constructing a fish-scale pit-weathering-nutrient cycle unit;

[0025] S302, Design of reverse filter trench - climate-adaptive weathering product regulator;

[0026] S303, constructing a micro-convex body-slope microclimate regulation unit.

[0027] Optionally, step S40 includes:

[0028] S401, based on the nutritional defects of weathering products in highly weathering sensitive rocks, biochar selection is carried out;

[0029] S402, Selecting microbial inoculants;

[0030] S403, for selecting a coating for slow-release fertilizer;

[0031] S404 is a three-stage compound matrix designed based on selected biochar, microbial agents and slow-release fertilizer coatings;

[0032] S405, the micro-topographic structure is layered, and the three-level compound matrix is ​​fused with the layered micro-topographic structure.

[0033] Optionally, step S50 includes:

[0034] S501, plant vegetation;

[0035] S502, for herbaceous soil stabilization;

[0036] S503 regulates soil pH and facilitates nutrient release and cycling.

[0037] Optionally, step S105 includes:

[0038] S1051, Select evaluation indicators;

[0039] S1052, divide each evaluation indicator into several intervals and assign a score to each interval;

[0040] S1053, determine the importance of each evaluation indicator in the comprehensive evaluation;

[0041] S1054, calculate the composite index;

[0042] S1055, Based on the aforementioned comprehensive index, a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate is established.

[0043] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0044] This application guides the infiltration of weathering agents through pre-set fissures and transforms rocks into nutrient substrates through enhanced weathering technology, solving the problem of traditional physical modification relying on external substrates and being prone to depletion in the later stages; by classifying climate zones and applying different treatments to different climate zones according to the classification results, the water retention rate in arid areas is improved and the drainage efficiency in humid areas is improved, and the overall structure remains stable when the slope is greater than 60°, breaking through the slope limitations of vegetation bags. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for improving the micro-topography of bare, steep slopes to enhance vegetation colonization capacity, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In the relevant descriptions of this embodiment, the terms "including," "containing," and "possessing" are all open terms and are generally understood to include but not be limited to; the term "at least one" is generally understood to mean one or more, where "multiple" refers to two or more; the term "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items, for example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", which can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple; the symbol "A / B" is used to describe the selection relationship of associated objects, generally indicating an "or" relationship.

[0048] In the following description of the embodiments, the terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms "a" and "the" as used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0049] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the following description of the embodiments of this application, the sequence of numbers does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that the numerical ranges in the embodiments of this application should be understood to specifically disclose each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as any other stated value or each smaller range between intermediate values ​​within a range, are also included within this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0051] Unless otherwise stated, the technical / scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. While this application describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this application. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0052] This invention provides a method for improving the micro-topography of bare, steep slopes to enhance vegetation colonization capacity. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The method may include the following steps:

[0053] S10, screening for rocks with high weathering sensitivity, and establishing a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, step S10 may include the following steps:

[0055] S101, Screening highly weathered rocks and obtaining the weathering rate of the highly weathered rocks, where highly weathered rocks refer to rocks with a weathering rate of 30–80 mm / ka.

[0056] S102, Based on the weathering rate of the highly weathered rocks, a rock weathering rate database is constructed, and the highly weathered rocks are sorted according to their weathering rate (salt rock 80 > gypsum 40 > carbonate rock 12 > other metamorphic rocks 5 > shale 2.5), and the rocks with higher rankings are selected as the repair matrix.

[0057] S103, Identify the main controlling factors of weathering (e.g., combined with the study of Yungang Grottoes, it is clear that humidity is the main controlling factor of crack propagation, with a contribution rate of >70% in summer).

[0058] S104 is based on the GB50178-93 standard to classify climate zones (7 major climate zones and 20 sub-zones), and different treatments are applied to different climate zones according to the classification results. For example, in frigid regions, the focus is on preventing freeze-thaw weathering, and in hot and humid regions, drainage and moisture prevention are strengthened.

[0059] S105, adopts a multi-factor weighted scoring method to establish a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate.

[0060] Specifically, "high weathering sensitivity" refers to the characteristic that the physical and chemical properties of rocks deteriorate rapidly and significantly under the influence of external forces (water, temperature, biological, chemical substances, etc.).

[0061] Screening for rocks with high weathering sensitivity can be approached by examining both their intrinsic properties (chemical composition, structure) and extrinsic characteristics (current degree of weathering). Chemical composition refers to the whole-rock chemical composition analyzed using techniques such as X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). High sensitivity indicators include the following:

[0062] Highly soluble minerals: calcite (CaCO3), gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), rock salt (NaCl), etc., which are easily soluble in water.

[0063] Highly expansive clay mineral content: Montmorillonite, illite, etc., expand dramatically upon contact with water, generating enormous expansion pressure, which is a major driver of physical weathering. The types and contents of clay minerals can be quantitatively analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD).

[0064] Pyrite (FeS2) content: It undergoes an oxidation reaction with water and oxygen to produce sulfuric acid, leading to strong acidic chemical weathering.

[0065] Basic / ultrabasic rocks: rich in iron and magnesium minerals (such as olivine and pyroxene), they are more easily weathered than quartz-rich felsic rocks (such as granite).

[0066] Physical and mechanical property tests (performance):

[0067] Porosity and water absorption: High porosity means a larger specific surface area and more water-rock reaction channels, which is a key indicator of weathering sensitivity. It can be measured by the specific gravity bottle method and the vacuum saturation method.

[0068] On-site macro-geological survey (current situation assessment):

[0069] Weathering profile observation: Observe the rock outcrops and classify the weathering level according to standards (such as ISRM standards) (from fresh to completely weathered). If the weathering layer is very thick or the transition is drastic, it indicates high sensitivity.

[0070] Joint and fissure development: Rock masses with high joint density and open fissures provide channels for water and air, greatly accelerating weathering. This can be quantified using linear density, RQD (Rock Quality Index), etc.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, step S105 may include the following steps:

[0072] S1051, select evaluation indicators, such as: durability index (SDI), porosity (n), expansive clay content (C), etc.

[0073] S1052 divides each evaluation indicator into several intervals (high sensitivity, medium sensitivity, low sensitivity) and assigns a score to each interval, such as 0-100 points, with higher scores indicating higher sensitivity.

[0074] S1053, determine the importance of each evaluation indicator in the comprehensive evaluation;

[0075] S1054, calculate the composite index;

[0076] S1055, Based on the aforementioned comprehensive index, a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate is established.

[0077] The formula for calculating the composite index is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula: W1, W2, Wn represent weights, and S1, S2, Sn represent the scores of each evaluation index. The weights can be determined by the AHP (Analog-Hybrid Hierarchical Analysis) or principal component analysis.

[0080] S20 accelerates the weathering process of highly weathering-sensitive rocks based on various accelerated weathering methods.

[0081] Among them, various methods to accelerate weathering include physical enhancement technologies, chemical-biological synergy, and environmental regulation.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, step S20 may include the following steps:

[0083] S201 crushes basalt to a particle size of 100 mesh, improving carbon capture efficiency;

[0084] S202, epoxy resin is injected to fill the cracks to improve the impermeability of the rock mass;

[0085] S203, spreading silicate mineral powder releases Mg²⁺ + / Ca² + This promotes CO2 mineralization and alleviates soil acidification;

[0086] S204, add drainage ditches in damp areas of the soil and cover high-temperature areas with shade nets;

[0087] S205 is a special weathering agent for spraying different rock types.

[0088] Specifically, the physical enhancement technology involves crushing basalt to a particle size of 100 mesh (increasing the specific surface area by 50 times) to improve carbon capture efficiency; and injecting epoxy resin to fill cracks to improve the rock mass's impermeability (increasing the peel strength by 60%).

[0089] Chemo-biological synergy: Spreading silicate mineral powder (such as peridotite) releases Mg 2+ / Ca 2+ It promotes CO2 mineralization and alleviates soil acidification (pH increases by 0.5-1.0); it utilizes root exudates (such as oxalic acid) to accelerate mineral dissolution (e.g., increasing corn yield by 12-16%).

[0090] Environmental control: Drainage ditches are added in humid areas (reducing water retention time by more than 50%), and shade nets are used to cover high-temperature areas (reducing rock surface temperature by up to 8°C); special weathering agents are sprayed for different rock types (e.g., 0.5% organic acid solution is sprayed in limestone areas, and 0.3% sulfate solution is sprayed in granite areas), and weathering efficiency is enhanced through directional fissure infiltration (2-3 times higher than natural weathering).

[0091] In step S205 of this embodiment, a special weathering agent is sprayed for different rock types, as detailed below:

[0092] Limestone areas: Spray with a 0.5% concentration of organic acid solution (such as citric acid) to promote the dissolution of calcium carbonate. Use 500ml per square meter, once a month, for 3 months.

[0093] Granite areas: Spray with a 0.3% sulfate solution to accelerate the decomposition of feldspar and mica minerals. Use 400ml per square meter, once every 20 days, for 2 months.

[0094] Next, the weathering agent penetrates into the rock mass through directional fractures, enhancing weathering efficiency (2-3 times higher than natural weathering). The specific steps and technical solutions for directional fractures are described in Table 1 below:

[0095] Table 1

[0096]

[0097] S30, for constructing micro-topography spaces.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, step S30 may include the following steps:

[0099] S301, constructing a fish-scale pit-weathering-nutrient cycle unit;

[0100] S302, Design of reverse filter trench - climate-adaptive weathering product regulator;

[0101] S303, constructing a micro-convex body-slope microclimate regulation unit.

[0102] Specifically, the process of constructing the fish-scale pit-weathering-nutrient cycle unit is as follows:

[0103] Structural optimization:

[0104] The shape of the pit was changed to an inverted trapezoid (wider at the top and narrower at the bottom) (80cm in diameter at the top, 50cm in diameter at the bottom, and 60cm in depth), which increased the light reception area of ​​the side walls by 20% compared to the original cylindrical design, promoting the growth of algae / lichens (the main force of biological weathering).

[0105] A "radial fissure guide groove" is added to the bottom of the pit and extends outwards, connecting with the directional fissures of the slope rock mass (step S2), guiding the root system to grow along the groove, and at the same time accelerating the penetration of weathering agent into the deeper layers of the rock mass.

[0106] Matrix stratification:

[0107] A 10cm thick layer of weathered rock debris (2-5cm in diameter, from the weathering products of steps 2-3) is laid at the bottom of the pit. The intermediate transition layer (5cm thick) consists of a mixture of weathering products (60%), earthworm castings (30%), and phosphate rock powder (10%). The organic matter (≥20%) from the earthworm castings activates microbial activity (e.g., increasing the number of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria tenfold). The phosphate rock powder reacts with the organic acids released from weathering, slowly releasing available phosphorus (effective for ≥12 months), thus addressing the phosphorus deficiency problem in the weathering products. A 20cm thick layer of humus-weathered soil mixed substrate (1:1 by mass) is then laid on top. Bio-adhesive (starch-based biodegradable material) is sprayed onto the pit walls to fix the weathering products and prevent leaching.

[0108] The design process of the reverse filter trench-climate-adaptive weathering product regulator will be described in detail below:

[0109] Arid Zone Design:

[0110] A 5cm thick layer of water-retaining sponge is laid at the bottom, and the upper layer is covered with weathered sand and biochar (mass ratio 2:1) to enhance moisture retention. The trench walls are lined with a composite breathable membrane (composed of a polypropylene mesh support and a bentonite coating), which not only prevents moisture evaporation (reducing evaporation by 40%) but also allows air infiltration (ensuring aerobic respiration of microorganisms), preventing nutrient fixation (such as Fe) caused by anaerobic environments in weathering products. 3+ (Reduction is hindered).

[0111] Humidity zone design:

[0112] A tiered filtration system is employed: a bottom 10cm layer of coarse gravel (10-20mm) + a middle 5cm layer of expanded clay (5-10mm, 40% porosity) + a top 3cm layer of biochar (1-3mm particle size). The expanded clay adsorbs Ca released during weathering. 2+ Mg 2+ Biochar adsorbs organic matter washed away by rainwater (adsorption rate ≥60%), and the two work together to reduce the loss of nutrients from weathering products.

[0113] Finally, the construction process of the micro-protrusion-slope microclimate regulation unit is described:

[0114] A wavy, undulating texture (wavelength 20cm, wave height 5cm) is added to the surface of the "trapezoidal protrusion." This alters the airflow direction, reducing wind speed by 30% (decreasing surface weathering erosion) while simultaneously increasing the dew condensation area (increasing nighttime condensation by 25%), providing additional moisture for shallow-rooted herbs. The surface of the protrusion is covered with a layer of coconut fiber mesh, weathered soil, and seeds of nodular leguminous plants (such as alfalfa). The leguminous plants and rhizobia form a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing system (annual nitrogen fixation ≥15kg / acre). The decomposition of their fallen leaves replenishes the organic matter in the weathering products, creating a positive cycle of "vegetation nitrogen fixation - organic matter accumulation - accelerated weathering."

[0115] S40, based on the micro-topographic space, a three-level composite matrix is ​​designed by utilizing the nutritional defects of the weathering products of the highly weathering-sensitive rocks, and then layered and integrated with the micro-topographic structure.

[0116] In an exemplary embodiment, step S40 may include the following steps:

[0117] S401, based on the nutritional defects of weathering products in highly weathered rocks, selects biochar: adopt pyrolysis char of agricultural and forestry waste (corn stalks) (particle size 0.5-2mm) with a porosity >50%, which not only improves the fertilizer retention capacity of weathering products (adsorption capacity increased by 40%), but also provides habitat for microorganisms.

[0118] S402, Selecting microbial inoculants: Inoculate with Bacillus mucilaginosus (10 8 CFU / g), by secreting organic acids to dissolve apatite in weathered rocks, thereby increasing the effective phosphorus content by 2-3 times;

[0119] S403, the selection of slow-release fertilizer coating: adopting biodegradable starch-polyvinyl alcohol coating, and adjusting the release rate according to the climate zone (50% release in 3 months in arid areas, 50% release in 6 months in humid areas) to avoid nutrient loss;

[0120] S404 is a three-stage compound matrix designed based on selected biochar, microbial agents and slow-release fertilizer coatings;

[0121] S405, the micro-topographic structure is layered, and the three-level composite matrix is ​​fused with the layered micro-topographic structure. The fusion results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0122] Table 2

[0123]

[0124] S50, to carry out vegetation planting and weathering-growth synergistic maintenance.

[0125] In an exemplary embodiment, step S50 may include the following steps:

[0126] S501, plant vegetation;

[0127] S502, for herbaceous soil stabilization;

[0128] S503 regulates soil pH and facilitates nutrient release and cycling.

[0129] The following is a detailed explanation of the above steps:

[0130] Deep-rooted shrubs are planted in the pit. Select shrub varieties that are tolerant of poor soil, have well-developed root systems, and possess penetrating power, such as certain legume shrubs (e.g., Lespedeza). These shrubs not only fix nitrogen but also secrete organic acids through their roots. Their roots grow along directional fissures, further promoting rock weathering. Shrub seedlings are planted near pre-existing directional fissures at the bottom of the pit. During growth, the taproot and lateral roots of the shrubs extend downwards and outwards along the rock fissures like wedges. The immense pressure generated by root growth (up to several megapascals) further widens and deepens the existing fissures, providing channels for water and air to penetrate, significantly accelerating the physical disintegration of the rock. Root respiration and rhizosphere microbial activity release CO2 and H2. + Ions and various low-molecular-weight organic acids (such as citric acid and oxalic acid). These acidic substances react directly with minerals (such as feldspar and mica) on the fracture surface, promoting their hydrolysis and dissolution, and releasing potassium. + Mg 2+ Essential nutrients for plants.

[0131] Pioneer herbs (ryegrass and alfalfa) are sown on micro-protrusions, their roots anchoring the surface weathered soil. Initially, the pH of the weathering products is monitored every two weeks (maintained at 6.5-7.5), and weathering agents are added as needed to ensure the substrate is suitable for vegetation growth. Emphasis is placed on artificially created micro-protrusions (small raised terrain features). The dense fibrous root system of ryegrass quickly takes root in the thin layer of debris and dust generated by weathering on the rock surface, forming a "living carpet" that effectively prevents wind and water erosion of the surface weathering products. Alfalfa roots, in symbiosis with rhizobia, convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, fixing it into the soil—the initial, self-sufficient "fertilization" process. The decomposition of fallen leaves and branches from the herbaceous plants increases soil organic matter and improves the substrate's aggregate structure.

[0132] Fissure widening: The roots of shrubs widen fissures, allowing water and weathering agents to penetrate deeper into the rock, increasing the reaction area and enhancing permeability.

[0133] Herbaceous soil stabilization: The topsoil stabilized by herbaceous plants reduces nutrient loss, retains water and fertilizer, and creates a more stable microenvironment for the growth of microorganisms and the plants themselves.

[0134] pH regulation: Maintaining a neutral pH environment not only benefits pioneer plants but also promotes the reproduction of bacteria and actinomycetes that decompose organic matter, accelerating the transformation of "rock debris" into "soil" and optimizing the environment.

[0135] Nutrient release and cycling: Mineral elements released by chemical weathering, together with nitrogen fixed by leguminous plants, constitute the initial soil fertility. The return of organic matter from herbaceous plants further improves the physical and chemical properties of the substrate.

[0136] In the above embodiments of this application, weathering agents are guided to penetrate through pre-set fissures, and rocks are transformed into nutrient matrix through enhanced weathering technology, solving the problem that traditional physical modification relies on external matrix and is prone to depletion in the later stage; by classifying climate zones and treating different climate zones according to the classification results, the water retention rate in arid areas is improved and the drainage efficiency in humid areas is improved, and the overall structure remains stable when the slope is >60°, breaking through the slope limitation of vegetation bags.

[0137] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0138] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0139] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some communication interface; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0140] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0141] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0142] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0143] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0144] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0145] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some communication interface; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0146] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0147] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0148] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0149] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the technical scope disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

[0150] Furthermore, although the operations of the method of this application are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

Claims

1. A method for improving the micro-topography of bare, steep slopes to enhance vegetation colonization capacity, characterized in that, include: S10, screening for rocks with high weathering sensitivity, and establishing a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate; S20 accelerates the weathering process of highly weathering-sensitive rocks based on various accelerated weathering methods. S30, for micro-topography spatial construction; S40, based on the micro-topographic space, through the nutrient defects of the weathering products of the highly weathering sensitive rocks, a three-level composite matrix is ​​designed and layeredly integrated with the micro-topographic structure; S50, to carry out vegetation planting and weathering-growth synergistic maintenance.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S10 includes: S101, Screen highly weathering sensitive rocks and obtain the weathering rate of the highly weathering sensitive rocks; S102, Based on the weathering rate of the highly weathered rocks, construct a rock weathering rate database, sort the highly weathered rocks according to their weathering rate, and select the rocks ranked higher as the repair matrix. S103 identifies the main controlling factors of weathering; S104 classifies climate zones based on the GB50178-93 standard and applies different treatments to different climate zones according to the classification results. S105, adopts a multi-factor weighted scoring method to establish a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S20 includes: S201 crushes highly weather-sensitive basalt to a particle size of 100 mesh, improving carbon capture efficiency; S202, epoxy resin is injected to fill the cracks between basalt particles to improve the impermeability of the rock mass; S203, spreading silicate mineral powder releases Mg²⁺ + / Ca² + This promotes CO2 mineralization and alleviates soil acidification; S204, add drainage ditches in damp areas of the soil and cover high-temperature areas with shade nets; S205 is a special weathering agent for spraying different rock types.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S30 includes: S301, constructing a fish-scale pit-weathering-nutrient cycle unit; S302, Design of reverse filter trench - climate-adaptive weathering product regulator; S303, constructing a micro-convex body-slope microclimate regulation unit.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S40 includes: S401, based on the nutritional defects of weathering products in highly weathering sensitive rocks, biochar selection is carried out; S402, Selecting microbial inoculants; S403, for selecting a coating for slow-release fertilizer; S404 is a three-stage compound matrix designed based on selected biochar, microbial agents and slow-release fertilizer coatings; S405, the micro-topographic structure is layered, and the three-level compound matrix is ​​fused with the layered micro-topographic structure.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S50 includes: S501, plant vegetation; S502, for herbaceous soil stabilization; S503 regulates soil pH and facilitates nutrient release and cycling.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S105 includes: S1051, Select evaluation indicators; S1052, divide each evaluation indicator into several intervals and assign a score to each interval; S1053, determine the importance of each evaluation indicator in the comprehensive evaluation; S1054, calculate the composite index; S1055, Based on the aforementioned comprehensive index, a quantitative assessment model for weathering rate is established.

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