Embedded particles as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial products, and particularly discloses embedded particles as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The embedded particle comprises an inner core and a rubber layer from inside to outside, the inner core comprises chocolate, palm oil, coconut oil and bacterial powder; the chocolate does not contain cane sugar, and the mass ratio of the chocolate to the palm oil to the coconut oil is 1: (2.5-5): (1.5-5); the rubber layer is obtained by curing a rubber liquid, the rubber liquid comprises curdlan, agar and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio of the curdlan to the agar to the sodium alginate is 1: (2-4): (3-5); and the mass ratio of the inner core to the rubber layer is 1: (2-8). According to the embedded particle, the chocolate and the bacterial powder are effectively combined together to serve as an embedded component, the heat resistance, the shear resistance, the acid resistance and the viable bacterium stability during storage of the embedded particle are improved, and the preparation method is simple, convenient and high in efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of microbial products, in particular to a kind of embedding granule and its preparation method and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] One of the methods for improving the tolerance of bacteria is embedding technology, which uses physical and chemical means to wrap the bacteria, to reduce the influence of the external environment and related factors on probiotics, maintain the activity and stability of the bacterial strain, and play the relevant role. The common embedding technologies at present are extrusion method, freeze-drying method and spray drying method. Although these technologies are very mature and widely used, there are some significant defects in the use process, which cannot meet the requirements of bacterial embedding.

[0003] Multi-layer embedding technology can effectively improve the stability of probiotics, such as storage stability, gastric acid tolerance and temperature tolerance, and the technology has strong applicability, and any probiotic can be embedded using this technology. However, in ambient temperature products, especially in ambient temperature yogurt, the material to be embedded needs to be heat-resistant and shear-resistant, and also needs to have certain resistance to low pH. Therefore, the shelf life of 4-6 months of ambient temperature yogurt has high requirements for the stability of the material and live bacteria, so the embedding technology of probiotics is required to be higher.

[0004] Some existing technologies have tried to improve the performance of bacterial embedding granules in various aspects. For example, Chinese patent CN114568702 discloses a granule embedding sensitive components and its preparation method, which uses 6 wrapping layers to embed probiotics, and uses fluidized bed spray method to realize the wrapping of probiotics layer by layer. This method improves the survival activity of probiotics during the shelf life, but the components are complex and the preparation efficiency is low. Chinese patent CN111134330 discloses a three-layer granule structure using separated whey protein and oil to embed probiotics alternately using fluidized bed, which simplifies the components, but the preparation efficiency and the heat-resistant and shear-resistant performance of the embedding granule still need to be improved.

[0005] In addition, chocolate has a unique flavor and rich taste, and contains a variety of ingredients beneficial to the human body, which is deeply loved by consumers. If chocolate and probiotics can be effectively combined, it can provide products with more rich flavor, taste and nutritional value, and better meet the diversified needs of consumers. SUMMARY

[0006] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide an embedding granule which can effectively combine chocolate and probiotics, has good live bacteria number retention effect during shelf life, is acid-resistant, shear-resistant and heat-resistant, and its preparation method.

[0007] The present application provides an embedding granule, which comprises, from inside to outside: an inner core and a rubber layer. The inner core comprises chocolate, palm oil, coconut oil and fungus powder; the chocolate is free of sucrose, and the mass ratio of the chocolate, palm oil and coconut oil is 1: (2.5-5): (1.5-5) ; The rubber layer is obtained by curing a rubber liquid, and the rubber liquid comprises gellan gum, agar and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio of the gellan gum, agar and sodium alginate is 1: (2-4): (3-5). The mass ratio of the inner core and the rubber layer is 1: (2-8).

[0008] It is found in the research that, although the chocolate and probiotics are used as the inner core of the embedding granule, the embedding granule has good flavor and taste, and can avoid the negative influence of the melting property of the chocolate on the product when the chocolate is added to the product. Figure 1 However, if the embedding granule is prepared by using the drop pill method which has high production efficiency and good uniformity, the inner core cannot form a regular circle in the drop pill process due to the high density of the chocolate, so that the rubber layer of the embedding granule cannot uniformly wrap the inner core (see the schematic diagram of the influence of the chocolate on the drop pill structure after the chocolate is added as the pill core component ).

[0009] Therefore, the present application has a large amount of exploration, and it is found that, when a specific oil and fat combination is compounded with the chocolate as the inner core component, and a specific rubber layer component is used, the irregular circle of the inner core containing the chocolate can be avoided in the drop pill process, the rapid forming is achieved, and the processing performance and acid resistance of the embedding granule are improved.

[0010] In addition, it is also found in the research that, compared with the embedding granule without the chocolate as the inner core component, when the fungus powder and the chocolate are used as the embedding inner core component, the fungus powder will decrease more quickly with the passage of time. Therefore, in addition to adjusting the preparation components of the embedding granule, the sucrose in the chocolate is also removed, so as to reduce the contact between the fungus powder and the nutrient energy substance which can activate the fungus powder (the survival time of the activated fungus powder is shortened), and the stability of the number of live bacteria in the embedding granule during the shelf life is improved.

[0011] Moreover, the embedding granule of the present application only has two layers of structure, and the preparation raw materials are less, which is beneficial to saving costs.

[0012] The palm oil and the coconut oil of the present application are conventional products in the field, the freezing point of the palm oil is 25-30 DEG C, and the freezing point of the coconut oil is 20-25 DEG C.

[0013] The physical form of the chocolate in the present application is not limited. The composition of the chocolate is classified according to GB / T 19343-2016. The dark chocolate in the present application refers to chocolate with a cocoa solid content of greater than or equal to 58%.

[0014] Preferably, in the embedding particles of the present application, the mass ratio of the chocolate, palm oil and coconut oil is 1:2.5:1.5; The mass ratio of the gellan gum, agar and sodium alginate is 1:3:3; The mass ratio of the inner core and the rubber layer is 1:5.

[0015] In the embedding particles of the present application, the chocolate is preferably dark chocolate (without sucrose) to achieve better shelf-life live bacteria stabilization effect.

[0016] In the embedding particles of the present application, the mass percentage of the bacterial powder in the inner core is 12-50%; preferably, the bacterial powder is Bacillus coagulans powder; And / or, the gum liquid further comprises water, and the mass percentage of the water in the gum liquid is 50-70%.

[0017] The embedding particles of the present application preferably comprise heat-resistant and processing-resistant probiotics in accordance with the national standard, such as Bacillus coagulans BC30, Bacillus coagulans BC 99, Bacillus coagulans BC 208, etc.

[0018] In the embedding particles of the present application, the rubber layer is formed by solidifying the gum liquid in a calcium salt-containing solution, and the calcium salt-containing solution is a calcium chloride solution or a calcium lactate solution.

[0019] The molar mass ratio of calcium ions in the calcium salt-containing solution to the molar mass of sodium alginate in the gum liquid can be (1-2):1 to ensure sufficient solidification.

[0020] The diameter of the embedding particles of the present application is preferably 2-7 mm.

[0021] The preferred diameter of the embedding particles of the present application can better balance the processing resistance and taste.

[0022] The present application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned embedding particles, which uses a drop pill method to wrap the inner core in the gum liquid, and then solidifies.

[0023] The preparation method of the present application is simple, and compared with the fluidized bed embedding method, the encapsulation rate and preparation efficiency of the drop pill are greatly improved, which is beneficial to industrialized production.

[0024] Those skilled in the art can prepare the embedding particles of the present application by methods known in the art. As a preferred specific embodiment, the method of the present application comprises: (1) mixing each component of the inner core at 30-50°C to obtain a core liquid; (2) mixing each component of the rubber liquid at 80-90°C to obtain a rubber liquid; (3) performing drop pill at a drop head temperature of 85-90°C, and cooling the drop pill with cooling oil; (4) solidifying and drying the cooled drop pill; (5) removing the cooling oil on the drop pill; preferably removing the cooling oil with anhydrous ethanol.

[0025] When the drop pill of the present application is prepared, the person skilled in the art can adjust the core liquid, rubber liquid delivery pump speed and the like according to the common sense in the art according to the preparation target (mass ratio of the inner core and the rubber layer and the diameter of the embedding particle), for example, the core liquid pump speed can be 20-50 r / min, the rubber liquid pump speed can be 100-200 r / min, and the material pump (discharge amount) can be 200-300 r / min.

[0026] The present application also provides the use of the embedding particle or the method in the preparation of food; preferably, the pH of the food is 3-7.

[0027] The embedding particle of the present application has good acid resistance and is suitable for application in food with various pH values, especially acidic food.

[0028] The present application also provides a food comprising the embedding particle prepared by the above-mentioned embedding particle or method; preferably, the food is yogurt.

[0029] The present application has at least the beneficial effect of providing ideas and solutions for the addition of live bacteria to yogurt at room temperature.

[0030] The embedding particle of the present application effectively combines chocolate and bacteria powder together as the embedded component, which not only obtains a product with better taste, flavor and efficacy, but also improves the heat resistance, shear resistance, acid resistance and live bacteria stability during storage of the embedding particle. Moreover, the preparation method is simple and efficient, and is suitable for industrialization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the influence of the addition of chocolate as the pill core component on the structure of the drop pill, wherein A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drop pill without the addition of chocolate as the pill core component, and B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drop pill after the addition of chocolate as the pill core component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with examples. It should be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and substitutions to the present application without departing from the spirit and principles of the present application.

[0033] The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples can be obtained commercially or prepared according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified. The MCT used in the specific embodiments of the present application contains 65% caprylic acid triglyceride and 35% sunflower acid triglyceride. The cocoa solid content of the black chocolate is 65%.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of probiotic embedding granules (gelatin pills), which specifically comprises: 1. Selection of bacterial strains: Bacillus coagulans BC 99 (10 11 CFU / g).

[0036] 2. Preparation of core liquid: Mix 10 parts of 0 sucrose (sucrose-free) black chocolate, 25 parts of palm oil, 15 parts of coconut oil, and 50 parts of bacterial powder at 40°C until uniform, and place in a core liquid tank for standby.

[0037] 3. Preparation of gelatin liquid

[0038] Take 75 parts of water, 5 parts of gellan gum, 15 parts of agar, and 15 parts of sodium alginate, and continuously stir in a 80°C water bath for 60 min, then place in a gelatin liquid tank for standby.

[0039] 4. Preparation of drop pills

[0040] Prepare drop pills using a drop pill machine, and drop the drop pills into cooling oil (MCT). The diameter of the drop head is 3 mm, the upper limit of the drop head temperature is set to 90°C, the lower limit is 85°C, the drop head heating cycle is 60 s, and the heating time is 50 s; the upper limit of the refrigeration temperature is 15°C, and the lower limit is 10°C. Adjust the pump speed of the core liquid and the gelatin liquid, and the discharge speed, so that the mass ratio of the inner core and the gelatin layer in the final obtained drop pills is 1:5, and the diameter of the drop pills is 3.2 mm.

[0041] 5. Hardening (solidification): use a calcium chloride solution (the molar mass ratio of calcium ions contained therein to the molar mass of sodium alginate in the gelatin liquid is 1:1) to harden the drop pills, and obtain gelatin pills.

[0042] 6. Air drying: use a drying machine to dry the gelatin pills for 5 h.

[0043] 7. Deoiling: The dried pellets are washed with anhydrous ethanol.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This example provides a preparation method of probiotic embedded particles (pellets), which is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 1, and the only difference is that the core liquid includes 8 parts of 0 sucrose black chocolate, 40 parts of palm oil, 40 parts of coconut oil and 12 parts of Bacillus coagulans BC 30 bacterial powder (10 11 CFU / g). The gum liquid includes 70 parts of water, 5 parts of gellan gum, 10 parts of agar, and 15 parts of sodium alginate. The pellets are hardened using a calcium lactate solution, and the mass ratio of the inner core to the gum layer in the final obtained pellets is 1:5, and the diameter of the pellets is 3.2 mm.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] This example provides a preparation method of probiotic embedded particles (pellets), which is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 1, and the only difference is that the core liquid includes 10 parts of 0 sucrose black chocolate, 25 parts of palm oil, 15 parts of coconut oil and 50 parts of Bacillus coagulans BC 30 bacterial powder. The gum liquid includes 50 parts of water, 5 parts of gellan gum, 20 parts of agar, and 25 parts of sodium alginate. The mass ratio of the inner core to the gum layer in the final obtained pellets is 1:2, and the diameter of the pellets is 2 mm.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] This example provides a preparation method of probiotic embedded particles (pellets), which is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 1, and the only difference is that the core liquid includes 10 parts of 0 sucrose chocolate (cocoa solid content is 35%), 25 parts of palm oil, 15 parts of coconut oil and 50 parts of Bacillus coagulans BC 30 bacterial powder. The gum liquid includes 58 parts of water, 7 parts of gellan gum, 14 parts of agar, and 21 parts of sodium alginate. The mass ratio of the inner core to the gum layer in the final obtained pellets is 1:8, and the diameter of the pellets is 6.8 mm.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] This comparative example provides a preparation method of probiotic embedded particles (pellets), which is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 1, and the only difference is that the coconut oil in the core liquid is replaced by palm oil, i.e. the coconut oil and palm oil in the core liquid are all changed to palm oil (a total of 40 parts).

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] This comparative example provides a preparation method of probiotic embedded particles (pellets), which is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 1, and the only difference is that the amounts of coconut oil and palm oil in the core liquid are adjusted to 30 parts and 10 parts, respectively.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] This comparative example provides a method for preparing probiotic-embedded granules (capsules) that is substantially the same as the method of Example 1, except that the coconut oil and palm oil in the core liquid are replaced with an equal amount (40 parts) of olive oil.

[0056] Comparative Example 4

[0057] This comparative example provides a method for preparing probiotic-embedded granules (capsules) that is substantially the same as the method of Example 1, except that the coconut oil and palm oil in the core liquid are replaced with an equal amount (40 parts) of corn oil.

[0058] Comparative Example 5

[0059] This comparative example provides a method for preparing probiotic-embedded granules (capsules) that is substantially the same as the method of Example 1, except that the coconut oil in the core liquid is replaced with an equal amount (15 parts) of MCT.

[0060] Comparative Example 6

[0061] This comparative example provides a method for preparing probiotic-embedded granules (capsules) that is substantially the same as the method of Example 1, except that the palm oil in the core liquid is replaced with an equal amount (25 parts) of MCT.

[0062] Comparative Example 7

[0063] This comparative example provides a method for preparing probiotic-embedded granules (capsules) that is substantially the same as the method of Example 1, except that the gellan gum in the coating liquid is replaced with gelatin.

[0064] Comparative Example 8

[0065] This comparative example provides a method for preparing probiotic-embedded granules (capsules) that is substantially the same as the method of Example 1, except that the coating liquid includes: 75 parts water, 25 parts sodium alginate, 1 part xanthan gum, 5 parts konjac gum, 0.2 parts gellan gum, and 3.8 parts agar.

[0066] Comparative Example 9

[0067] This comparative example provides a method for preparing probiotic-embedded granules (capsules) that is substantially the same as the method of Example 1, except that the agar in the coating liquid is replaced with konjac gum.

[0068] Comparative Example 10

[0069] The present comparative example provides a preparation method of probiotic embedding particles (gelpel), which is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 1, and the only difference is that the gelpel liquid is adjusted to 4 parts, 6 parts and 25 parts of gellan gum, agar and sodium alginate respectively.

[0070] Comparative Example 11

[0071] The present comparative example provides a preparation method of probiotic embedding particles (gelpel), which is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 1, and the only difference is that the 0 sucrose black chocolate in the core liquid is replaced by black chocolate with a sucrose content of 20% (cocoa solid content of 65%).

[0072] Experimental Example

[0073] The present experimental example tests the heat resistance, shear resistance, acid resistance and live bacteria stability of the shelf life of the embedding particles prepared in each example and comparative example. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] 1. Heat resistance test

[0075] Take 200 gelpel prepared in each example and put it in a 50 ml glass cup. Use a high-pressure sterilization pot for heat resistance test. The high-pressure sterilization pot parameters are 121℃ for 10 min. After cooling to 50℃, take out the gelpel and observe the breakage rate. Breakage rate = breakage number / 200 x 100%; 2. Shear resistance test

[0076] Take 200 gelpel prepared in each example and put it in a 50 ml glass cup. Add 40 ml distilled water and shear at 700 r / min for 5 minutes. Observe the breakage rate of the gelpel. Breakage rate = breakage number / 200 x 100%; 3. Acid resistance test

[0077] Take 200 gelpel prepared in each example and put it in a simulated gastric acid solution for 10 min. The gastric acid solution formula is as follows: KCl 6.9 mmol / L, KH2PO40.9 mmol / L, NaHCO325 mmol / L, NaCl 47.2 mmol / L, MgCl2(H2O)60.1 mmol / L, (NH4)2CO30.5 mmol / L, adjust pH to 3 with 15.6 mmol / L HCl solution. Observe the breakage rate of the gelpel. Breakage rate = breakage number / 200 x 100%; 4. Stability test

[0078] Take 20 prepared drop pills in each case into sterile water, detect the number of live bacteria using national standard GB4789.35 as initial value. Take 100 prepared drop pills in each case into 50ml yogurt (pH is 4.45), place at room temperature for 6 months, then filter out the complete drop pills, randomly select 20 from them, place into sterile water, detect the number of live bacteria using national standard GB4789.35 as 6-month detection value. Compare the live bacteria retention rate before and after placement, live bacteria retention rate = 6-month detection value / initial value x 100%; 5. Size difference

[0079] Take 20 prepared drop pills in each case, measure the diameter of the pills using vernier caliper, take the maximum diameter and minimum diameter of each, calculate the average difference of the particle size of each group of drop pills, unit is mm. Particle size average difference = [(Max D1-Min D1) + (Max D2-Min D2) +…+ (Max D20-Min D20)] / 20, wherein Max D1 is the maximum diameter of the first drop pill in each group, Min D1 is the minimum diameter of the first drop pill in each group, Max D2 is the maximum diameter of the second drop pill in each group, Min D2 is the minimum diameter of the second drop pill in each group, and so on. Add the difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of all drop pills in each group, then divide by the total number of drop pills in each group. 20 -Min D 20 )] / 20, wherein Max D1 is the maximum diameter of the first drop pill in each group, Min D1 is the minimum diameter of the first drop pill in each group, Max D2 is the maximum diameter of the second drop pill in each group, Min D2 is the minimum diameter of the second drop pill in each group, and so on. Add the difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of all drop pills in each group, then divide by the total number of drop pills in each group.

[0080] Table 1

[0081] Although the present application has been described in detail with general description and specific embodiments above, some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present application, which is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made on the basis of not deviating from the spirit of the present application, all belong to the scope of the present application claimed.

Claims

1. An embedded particle, characterized in that, The inner core and the rubber layer from inside to outside; The inner core comprises chocolate, palm oil, coconut oil and bacterial powder; the chocolate is free of sucrose, and the mass ratio of the chocolate, palm oil and coconut oil is 1: (2.5-5): (1.5-5); The rubber layer is obtained by curing a rubber liquid, and the rubber liquid comprises dextrin, agar and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio of the dextrin, agar and sodium alginate is 1: (2-4): (3-5); The mass ratio of the inner core and the rubber layer is 1: (2-8).

2. The embedded particle of claim 1, wherein, The mass ratio of the chocolate, palm oil and coconut oil is 1:2.5:1.5; The mass ratio of the dextrin, agar and sodium alginate is 1:3:3; The mass ratio of the inner core and the rubber layer is 1:

5.

3. The embedded particle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The chocolate is black chocolate.

4. The entrapped particle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The mass percentage of the bacterial powder in the inner core is 12-50%; preferably, the bacterial powder is bacterial powder of Bacillus coagulans; And / or, the rubber liquid further comprises water, and the mass percentage of the water in the rubber liquid is 50-70%.

5. The entrapped particle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The rubber layer is obtained by curing the rubber liquid in a calcium salt solution, and the calcium salt solution is a calcium chloride solution or a calcium lactate solution.

6. The entrapped particle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The diameter of the embedding particle is 2mm-7mm.

7. A method of preparing the entrapped particles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The inner core is wrapped in the rubber liquid by using a drop pill method, and then cured.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, Comprise: (1) mixing the components of the inner core at 30-50℃ to obtain a core liquid; (2) mixing the components of the rubber liquid at 80-90℃ to obtain a rubber liquid; (3) drop pill at a drop head temperature of 85-90℃, and the drop pill is cooled by cooling oil; (4) curing and drying the cooled drop pill; (5) removing the cooling oil on the drop pill; preferably, removing the cooling oil with anhydrous ethanol.

9. Use of the embedding particle of any one of claims 1-6 or the method of claim 7 or 8 in the preparation of a food; preferably, the pH of the food is 3-7.

10. A food product, characterized by, The food comprises the embedding particle of any one of claims 1-6 or the embedding particle prepared by the method of claim 7 or 8; preferably, the food is yogurt.

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